NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF FRANCE. Saturday, July A/? , NECKER'j Opinion on the Abolition of TITLES of NOBILITY -..J at* UATI TAr nL'an r*t /-to and ARMCMUAL BtARINGS. A REPORT," fays M. Neckar, " having been circulated, thai t u BaVe °P' n ' on Council against accepting the decrce of the National AlTembly, relative to titles, names, and armorial bearings, lam called upon to make known the funple fact. I ■was ot opinion, and I prelTed that opinion with much earncftnefs, that the King, upon acccptin;; the decrce, (hould fend hrsobferva' tions on it to the National alTembly ; and as I Jhall never dread the publicity of my adions or my opinions, I avail myfelfofthr King's permiflion to print those observations as they Rood in thi draft presented by me. This Ido the more willingly, that th. National AlTembly has already inftrufted the Committee of Con uitution to prepare some explanations of this fame decree. '"I was also of opinion, that the observations (hould be accom panied by a letter from the King, expressing his Majesty's inclii a tionto be guided by the knowledge of the National AlTembly and as this letter formed part of my advice, a draft of it will bJ found at the end of the observations. I may have been millaken and I iuppofe I was, since my advice was not followed : But I choose rather to afford an opportunity of judging clearly. 0 f ms error, it I have committed any, than to fuffer a vauue fubieft of reproach to remain, which malignity would daily extend by falft conftruQions. I am confident of tiie purity of my intentions, I am equally confident ot my attachment to the conftiiution, and the true interests of the people ; and these sentiments,, which a,, ground, of iny confidence, kill always in duct meSo with cut disguise (Signed) NICKER. tJI the observations, which extend to considerable length, the following is an abftrait. " rV " £ ftCn neccl,rar y. when lhc public good requires it, to im. -pole "crifises on a particular class of citizens, which is always to be done with circumfpeftion and delicacy, so dangerous is it to infringe, in any degree, the right of possession and the ordinary rules of justice. . ' " No deprivation ought to take place, from which no real ad vantage is derived. " When exclusive privileges were fuperceded, and taxes equal ized ; when feudal rights were abolilhed ; when the road to employments and preferments was opened toall alike ; when all citizens were callcd together on a footing of equality, to form National and Legislative AlTcmblies, what was loft by one class ■wis more than counterbalanced by what was gained by another. But what benefit will the gr. at body of the people derive from the Decree relative to titles, names, and armorial bearings ? The numerous class who must live by the wages of their indulUy employed in the service of otheis, far fro-n feeling hurt at the lank of their employer, conceive it in some degree rcflcftcd on them (elves. " 1 hose whom fortune or education has placed but at a fmal) diflance from men of title, may enjoy, perhaps, a momentary plea lure in teeing those link-eminences thatobdrufted their own prof pefls completely demol.fhed ; but for the fake of an imaginary benefit so circurtilcribed in us nature is it equitable to dep. ive a numerous class of citizens of honorary diftinftions, which form a part of their inheritance, and ot which the loft will be mote pain ful than that of all the pecuniary advantages they poffeft f " Without inconvenience, and on juii grounds might the men tion of titles be forgiven in all Aflcinblies, National or Municipal •where equality is necessary even in appearances ; where it is of so much importance that the ascendancy Ihould be always reserved to realonandthe confidence which patriotism infpircs. " It would also be proper to forbid all honorary additions in the Magiflration ot citizens, to remind Frenchmen in the begin ning ot their course, that being equal in the eye of the law they will be equally fuppotted by it in their efforts to lei ve their coun try. But, to purfne the diftindions farther, to follow them into the commerce of private life, would be a severity without use, the of which would be imprattirable', witiwut infhtutinz an Inquisition inconftftent with the principles of liberty. •' T he trappings of van:ty arc not lowered in price by an anxi ous proscription ; but by a carclefs indifference, and by presenting 10 mens minds other objects of ambition. *' Useless deprivations will induce meu of rank to seek for those uiltm&ions in foreign countries, which are denied them in their own, sumptuary laws are found to banilh the oftcntatious and the wealthy. " Ii is a hardOiip to oblige a numerous class of citizens to re lume names, many of which are forgotten; and many families wilh to be known by names which call to mind the services of their ancestors. " It Will be productive of confufion in manypubli<; proceedings. " All thtle «bjeflions apply to the abolition of armorial bear ings, and wuh greater force, in»fmuch as tliev are, if pofliblc, less effenfive to th< people. " Ihe abolition ot liveries might indeed be agreeable to those ■whose lortuue it has been to wear them, but would be a great loss to the manufa&urers employed in the articles of which they are sompofed. ' "In pursuing through the most minute details, all marks of dif tmction, some lifk is run of misleading the people, refpe&ing the true meaning of the word Equality, which in a civilized nation, and focietv already formed, can never mean an equalization of rank or of property. The divcrfity of labours and functions,'the differences of fortune and education, emulation, industry, the gra dation of talents and acquirements, all these difparitiei productive of the facial movement, unavoidably bring with them external in equalities ; and the sole objed of the Legillator is, in imitation of nature, to direst them all towards a common good, equal to all, though different in its form and appearances." Draft ok tiii Kikg'sLetier. I he decree of the National Aflembly, refpe6ling titles, names and armorial bearings, affords jufl grounds of complaint to a nu merous in focietv, without procuring any advantage to the people ; and as, not withstanding its importance, it was pafled at 4 -nc fitting, these several considerations have determined me to *°™"l unicatc l ° al * AfTembly some observations on the fubjea. I desire the AfTembly to examine them, and if that body should adhere in all points to its firft opinion, I will accept the decree, as a mark of my relpeft for the wisdom of the Aflembly, and bccaufe I seta great value on maintaining a perfect harmony between the AfTembly and myfelf." . LONDON, July 12. THE PRESENT STATE OF EUROPEAN POLITICS. Ruflia and Sweden, the only two powers that have a&ed with any degree of vigour this campaign, appear on both fides as if pretty well contented with what they have done, and desirous now ©f takingbrcath. The Kings of Hungary and Pruflia, like two prize-fighters, con tinue t'.ieir menacing posture, but without a blow being flruck on eiriier fide. Turkey (lands aloof, as if wishing for peace. The scattered Clrength of that unwcildy empire always ill adapts her for war; and the repugnance of her soldiery to discipline, with the blows she lias lately received, qualify her still lets for it. Poland, not fort feeing as yet any great benefits from her new alliance with Pruflia, and dreading the loss of Thorn and Dantzic, is now in doubt whether she ought notto put herfelf again under the prote&ion of Ruflia. France continues her deliberations in tranquility. If flie has ■wit enough to keep out of the broils of her neighbours, the regula tions of the National Council may have the wilhed foreffeft ; and a new conflitution be fecn to ?rife, firmly founded on the broad hafts of liberty. J* L ' e§Jla /"? ,n a „ fa,r wa y of getting rid of their fiifliop, and lorming a freef couflituUou there. L-1 -"'".'I or"'0 r "'| iba "r CrS A rC '„ n a f au \way of being again obliged to true, rh a 6 r Austria. They may ttiank. their prieilhood and the ariltocracy for this. In the south ot Europe. be(ide» Avignon, some disturbances are laid to have anfeu; at Florence, and in other paris ot Italy, but of no confequrnce. The Pope's territories are in the higheil danrer. In lefpect to England and Spam, tho the stocks ltill continue rather upon the rife, many notwuhftanding are of opinion, that it will yet bea war. TJ>e failingof the fleets on both fides seems to denounce it, and and tie fmilleft hruih between them will effec- L j L, a S ucll 'OD, which at prefciU fills some ot the bell heads m this kingdom with doubt. On Sunday last, a very curious and uncommon phenomenon ac cruedin one of the gardens at Dumfries : A hive of bees having ' ha PP ei «;' d to light upon an adjacent oiie, and soon after began to enter. The bees within perceiving the encroachmcut, and ilarincd at the number of the intruders, immediately declared 'mention of repelling tho inwders, by a «neral hum, which was no looner made, than they ,11 came forth in order'ot battle. A dreadful conflifi then ensued, which lafled upwards of tliree hours when the befie.gcrs were at last forced tftret' after a ve ry obttinate with the loss of about 2000. PHILADELPHIA, September 2 This day about two o'clock arrived in town from New-York, tjie Pi-efident of the United State.—h«» Lad y , U-eir suite. They were joined on their approach by a number of refpett able citizens—the city troops, and companies of light infantry. r Every public demonstration of joy was mani felted ;—the bells announced his welcome—and a feu de joye was fired At 4 o'clock he partook of a repast (provided by the Corporation at the City Tavern)—at which prefentthe member! of our Legislature and of the state Convention—the Piefident and other executive officers of Pennsylvania. WESTERN POSTS. In 1784, Congress deputed Gen. Hull, to de demand of Gen. Haldimanu, the Governor of Canada, the surrender of the Polls within the Uniced States, then and now garrisoned by Bri. tifh troops. And this demand Great-Britain has refufed to comply with, uotwithftanding the fo leinn stipulations of treaty; and notwithftandinjr every alledged cause for their retention has been removed in the adoptionofthe Federal Constitu tion. If a war should break out between En gland and theHoufe of Bourbon, andif by acci dent, or otherwise, Great-Britain should gain any material advantage over its enemies, perhaps the disadvantage of their holding our Frontier ports may be more apparent, than it now appears J-A . Columbian Centinel. The disturbances in Cape-Krancois, are be tween the friends to the National Afiembly, and the people who will acknowledge no other supre macy than the King's. The excesses committed hay® be P n great—and hath been - an almoil entire oi trade. ' ' NEW-YORK, SEPTEMBER 8. THE Treas U rer of the United Slates has given notice, That pur chases, pursuant to the " »a making p;ovifion for the reduction of the public debt," will, for the prelent, be made in the city ot New-York, commencing the 4th 'nft; Propofcli fcaleii, accom panied with the Certificates, which must be of the prcknt debt of the L mtcd Mates, including Indents are received by the Treasur er ; Ihe Certificates, excepting thoi'e iifjed by the Re-ifier of the madt 3 Inclents ' 10 be feg'Hercd before payment will be Extract of a letter Jron Hoflon t Augufi^\. " In a violent storm last fall, the beacon on the hill was blown down; this was the third which liad been erefled since my re membrance ; as it had always been a principal landmark, and was fcen at a great distance at fe*—the utility of fame conspicuous object on so fine an eminence, is fufficiemly obvious ; and to avoid the rouble and ex pence of frequently ehiftinga wooden beacon— the town has determined to erect a column of ftone—che pedestal is already built, on which historical inscriptions are to be cut; the work is prosecuting with such diligence that we (hall very fhortlv have it completed-and a very great ornament it will be to the towni ; when finilhed I will fend you a particular description of it. i , M V " e 'S h bour, Mr. B hu purchased that fine spot of land in the rear of his garden, which you know is in thecentre of the town, and has now a very extensive work in hand— when nmlhed it will be a great addition to the beauties and accommo dations of his feat.—His plan is a large fifo pond with a fountain m C , i . U " 1 * CCntrC : tf « s must Le an "Pensive undertaking, but should it prove abortive it will answer one good" purpose at lean d iff life property. Should it succeed it will bt a great no velty and scarcely to be parallelled in any place equally populous. To these works of ornament and taste, I have the pleasure to in. form you, that fcveral new School Houses have lately betn erefied which are very handsome edifices. ~ ' " I iejoicc at the fpiritof improvement which prevails at the present day : The exertions which were making at New-York when I was last tlwre, do honor to yam citizens ! The alteratibns m your streets will prove a solid benSt to thecity for many Years tor every convenience and accommodation tends to ertcreafe yoiu trade and commerce. I was afraid that the removal of Conerefs would have slackened your enterprise and fpirit { instead of which I underltand you appear to go on with inc.eafing ardor, and are completing the noble fabric designed for a government house • [his building will be a capital ornament to the city, and worthy the metropolis of a State, which is making such rapid advances in population and commercial importance: As Mr. Morse I think exprrflcs himfelf " in point oflocar advantages for trade, manu factures and agriculture, no place in the United States boifts so fine a fitiiat.on as youis; "New York must therefore always continue as the capital of Connecticut and New Jerfev —without any dan ger ot a rival darting up, within a hundred miles east or weft." ExtraS of another Letter. " The Governor has, summoned the Legislature to meet next month : The principal bulinefs is to take into consideration the excise law—which it is expected \yill be repealed; this will be a great relief to the trade of the State. " The federal disposition of this town and its attachment to go vernment is strikingly evinced by the genera] detestation in which fmugghng is held by all ranks All our Merchants unite in dif. ountenancing every breach of the revenue laws. A certain Capt was lately brought to the bar of the Court upon a charge of swal lowing too large an Oath—some circumstances appeared to mitigate his offence, or it would have proved* fcrious affair to him, 587 DELUDED Monks, who in dark cloi'fters hide The pow'r for duties, and the will for use A Who veil in seeming lowliness your pride, Of works regardless, and of pray'rs pr©fufe : No longer let your reason thus be chain'd, Nor grov'ling bend to superstition's rod ; 'Tis not by loftng life that Heaven is gained, Nor is it solitude which leads to God : He form'd this beauteous earth our social home, His sacred fane is uncondition'd space ; The sky's whole concave is religion's dome, Its mandate Truth—Benevolence its. $nucc. A London Paper of June 7, contain* the following CITY DEBATES. Admittance price 6d. By authority of the Rev. Mr. WiNCHtsTEK. The Sixth Evening's debate, on the following important theme 9 will be this evcuing. " Which is inoftconfiftent with revelation and " reason the Arminian tenets of the Rev. Mr. " John Wefley—the Calviniftic decrees upheld " by the Rev. Mr. V\ liitfield and others—the " Theology propagated by the late Emanuel " Swedenburg, under the title of the new Jeru " falem—or the doctrine of Universal Salvation, " maintained by theßev. Mr. Wincbefter." The Whig Club in the city ps London have late ly had a Chair made for their President, by Crotnpton, of Cockfpar street, which cost 270 guineas. Counterfeit guineas and half guineas are men tioned in Woodfall's register qf June 3 ; they are full weight, and ar? distinguished from true coin with difficulty ; on a close examination the letters appear farther from the edge than on the mint guineas, and the head is not so well execu ted. Exlraft of a litter fxbvi Edinburgh, May 29. A person lately digging in a piece of bog, at Birdlton, (truck upon a parcel of silver coin— about 200 pieces ; among which are foine above eleven hundred years old. FURTHER EUROPEAN ACCOUNTS. Several fkinnifhes have taken place be tween the Swedes and Ruffians at Willikala with various success—the Swedes finally were obliged to evacuate that post with the lofsof several offi cers and upwards of one hundred soldiers killed and wounded. Capt. Wirgin under the'directi on of the King made another attack on the Ruffi an fleet in the bay of Frederick/ham—but with out success. Pare of the Spanish fleet was out the beginning of July: They have among their hea \y Ships one carrying I five 124 gans ench; and are bnilding une with four decks, said to be the largest Ship ever built. Some of the London papers mention that the Spaniards are repairing and extending their works before Gibraltar; and have 3000 men employed on them. There has been a horrid scene of confufion and bloodshed at Nifnies a large City in France ; instigated by some traiterous characters, among whom were several Priests, a large party oppo sed the ordinances of the National Aflembly—the National militia who went to its relief and to quell the insurgents marched in over dead bo dies— two hundred of the conspirators were kil led and the reft dispersed—but UQt without confi. derable loss to the National troops. The Englijh papers further ltate, that a most virulent disor der had broken out in the Spanish fleet which swept of great numbers of the Sailors—it had however received a check—by introducing stric ter discipline, and greater cleanliness among the men. The celebrated Col. Tarleton is ele&ed menu ber of the new Parliament for Liverpool. The Commissioners on the part of the State of Vermont are to meet those of the State of New \ ork, in this city, the 28th instant. The new constitution of the State of Pennsylvania, having been agreed to by the convention and solemnly proclaimed—the legit* lature which was then in feflion, conceiving that their authority ceased with the old constitution, and coining in of the new difiol. ved themlelvrs the fourth instant; they an addrclj to their conftittKnts on the occasion. We learn from Philadelphia, that the Pi efident of the United States took his leave of that city on Monday morning, pursued his journey to Virginia. Married, last evening, by the Rev. Wlr. Sfirairgs, ,Capt. John Armour, (of the (hip Grace) to the amiable Miss Maria Hof son, daughter of Mr. George Hopfon, ot this city. PRICt CURRENT. PUBLIC SECURITIES. Final Settlements Indents State Securities Bf. ARRIVALS SINCE OUR LAST. NEW-YORK. Ship Merchant, Vredenburgh, St. Andero, ,0 day* Schooner Three-Friends, Marfchalk, Curricoa, 21 Neptune, Jones, ditto ditto. NOTICE, Ty- S' ve k r °'' cc > 'hat the Drawing of the New on Monday the September 4. EXTRACT. article,
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