Scientists at Penn Stale
university are investigating
the composition of the defen-
PENN STATE STUDIES
BEETLES FOR
CHOLSTROL CONVRSION
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sive secretions of water beet-ed from extracts of the whole
les. These defensive secre
tions contain steroids posses
sing hormonal properties. The
beetles offer a somewhat uni-
que opportunity to investi
gate the mechanism of the
biological conversion of chol-
esterol into active mammali
an hormones,
Dr. Ralph O. Mumma of
Penn State described his pre-
liminary studies with diving
water beetles (lytiscidae fam-
ily) at the 162nd national
meeting of the American
Chemical Society Sept. 15 in
Washington, D. C.
The dytiscide beetles have
evolved a specialized gland,
he indicated, to convert diet-
ary cholesterol into com-
pounds offensive to aquatic
vertebrates such as frogs and
fish. When swallowed by fish
or frogs, the beetles excrete
a viscous, milky liquid which
generally causes the beetles
to be regurgitated alive.
The defensive secretion of
the beetle contains the ster-
oid cortexone; a highly active
regulator of the sodium-potas-
sium ion balance in mam-
mals.
Cortexone has been isolat-
cated immediately behind the
insect as well as from the pro head, and from the secretions
thoracic defensive glands lo- themselves.
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