UNCLE SAM'S | WONDERS All Executive Departments Send Treasures to the World's Fair. Display Installed In the Largest Gov- ernmental Exposition Building Ever Constructed — Precious Docu- ments — Relics of Famous Statesmen and Soldiers. Working Postal Exhibit. The United States Government build- ing at the World’s Fair occupies an elevated site just south of the main picture of the Exposition. The great central dome of the Government build- ing is visible from the very center of the Fair, looking across the picturesque sunken garden that lies between the Palaces of Mines and Metallurgy and ‘Liberal Arts. The hill slope in front of the Gov- ernment building is terraced with broad stairways almost completely covering the slope. The buiiding is 800 feet long by 250 feet wide and is the largest structure ever provided at an exposition by the federal government. It 1s distinguished from all the other large buildings at the Exposition by the steel truss construction, the entire goof being supported by steel arehes, f@peming a splendid domed ceiling. In this building are installed the ex- hibits of all the executive departments of the government. The building is a vast storehouse of an endless variety of treasures dear to the heart of every true American. Precious documents are to be seen here, and the autographs of our great men of the past are on display. Relics of famous statesmen and soldiers, carefully preserved through generations, are exhibited. Each governmental department has in- stalled an exhibit showing its official character and mode of operation. Entering the Government building from the eastern end, the visitor sees at his left a railroad postoffice car. This 18 not a mere coach standing idle, LOUISIANA PURCHASE MONUMENT, WORLD'S FAIR. but is one of the most improved mail cars, In which men attached to the United States railway mail service are actively engaged in “throwing” the mails, Here you will see the postal clerks at work, just as they work while speeding along a railroad track. © A curious collection of old time rel- fcs from the postoffice museum at Washington illustrates as no verbal description can do the crude begin- nings of the postal system. One of these relics is an old fashioned stage- coach that once carried United States mails through a portion of the Louisi- ana purchase territory. President Roosevelt, who once inspected it, ex- amined with a rough rider’s interest the bullet holes which stage robbers and mountain brigands shot through its stiff leathern curtains. Generals Sherman and Sheridan and President Garfleld rode in this old coach during the strenuous days of frontier life. Among the collection of documents showing the primitive postal methods In vogue in the early days is to be seen the old book of accounts kept by the first postmaster general, Benjamin ¥ranklin, all written by hand. There is a rare collection of stamps, includ- ing ancient Filipino, Porto Rican and Cuban stamps. The postoffice depart- ment's exhibit occupies 12,469 square feet. Across the aisle, at the right, is the exhibit of the new Department of Commerce and Labor, occupying 1,966 square feet. This exhibit shows what the new executive department stands for and what it is accomplishing. Mr. Carroll D. Wright, United States Com- missioner of Labor, had charge of the preparation of the exhibit. Charts ar- ranged by him, showing the rapid growth of the nation in agriculture, arts, manufacture, population, etc., are of special Interest to sociologists and all students of the labor problem. The Census Bureau exhibit is made in this section. It shows the tabulating ma- chines used in compiling the census re- ports. The Lighthouse Board, also op- erating under this departmer‘, shows the great revolving lenses in light houses, with other interesting appli- ances. The space In the projeeting north. ‘west corner of the building is devoted to the Library of Congress. The edi- fice which houses this library at Wash- ington 1s held by many architects to be the most beautiful bullding in the world. Its interior decorations, by El- mer Ellsworth Garnsey, furnish one of the chief delights of a visit to the national capital. A large model of this splendid building 1s a feature of the exhibit, The decorative features of the interior are reproduced in their original colors, The next exhibit on the right hand side of the central aisle is that of the Interior Department, occupying 11,762 pet. In this large space the ds so many things of com- terest that he is loath to he Patent Office exhibit be- section. There are mod- ah NS els of many machines that have borne an important part in the development of the nation’s industries. The earliest form of every device of human inven- tion, so far as possible, is shown here. For instance, you may see the actual sewing machine that was the first con- trivance of its kind every constructed; it was patented in 1846 by Elias Howe. The first typewriter, patented by C. Thurber in 1842; the model of the first cast iron plow, patented by Charles Newbold in 1797; the first screw pro- peller, invented by Robert Hook in 1680; and many other “first” things are to be seen. The model of Abraham Lincoln's celebrated device for lifting steamboats off shoals is shown here. The first harvesting machine, made in the year 150 B. C., is one of the most ancient exhibits at the Exposition. There is also a model of the first steam engine, made in Egypt in the same year. 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