THE SPY & REGISTER.
SATURDAY MORNING, Sept. 2,1848
.d.G EN CIES.
V. B. 'PALMER is duly authorized to receive subscrip
tions and advertisements for taus paper, iu the cities of
Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore, and Boston, arid
receipt therefor.
E. W. Qum, Philadelphia.
..TACOS lil. Wirstas.arsra„ Lancaster city
WU..l.lAut A. YEllicL, Trtivelling Agent
08.011 GE PRATT, N 0.151., Nassau Street. New York.
W/T.AAA3/ TitolisoN, S. E. Corner of Baltimore and
South streets, Baharms,
(Er if any or our subscribers, in town, should
not be served regularly with the• Spy," by our new
carrier, they will please, call at the office,
NEW Jars, COURT House, &C.—WO are pleased
to learn that the County Cominisaioners of this
county are at last. taking measures towards the
erection of a new county Jail. The subject has
been urged upon them by different Grand Juries as
far back as 1830, at which time the building was
already considered insufficient and insecure. The
present energetic and humane Commissioners, how.
ever, are determined that there shall be no more
complaints about the insufficient accommodations
in the Lancaster county jail. Humanity, as well
as economy demand the reform. The Chester
county prison has, we understand, been visited by
the Commissioners, with the .riew of the erection
of one similar in plan and character to it.
The Grand Jury, in their last report, also recom.
mend the erection of a new Court House and coun
ty Offices, in some other, than the central and most
business part of the city. The Court House is not
only too small for the proper transaction of all the
public business of this great and flourishing coml.
ty, but being situated as it is, in the midst of the
bustle and confusion of the city, it is Mien impos
sible to proceed wills business on the part of the
Court; it being impossible at many times to hear
witnesses while being examined on the stand.
The Poor House and Hospital, arc said to be in
good condition.
bit —got PRINCIPLEP..—As conductors of a neu
tral press, we can not be expected to express a pref
trance for this or that principle; but we must re
tain the privilege of recommending such of our
friends as seem well fitted for any office, to which
ever party they may belong. Under the head of
"Appointments,' we find that Gov. Johnson has
appointed William Linker " Head afeesurer."
Since Phrenology has become an item in the bill
of rights, or expediencies, we sincerely hope that
the claims of our friend, Professor Isaac Dowell,
will not bo forgotten. His apparatus for measu
ring the organs is ample and accurate, and al
though no Duelists ourselves, we go for Dowel for
"Head Measurer."
I=l
HOLDEN'S DOLLAR 31SOAZINE.-TliO present num
ber confirms the favorable opinion we have hereto.
fore expressed, of the. merits of this valuable publi
cation. To families it is what has long been a
desideratum, an attractive, useful, and entertaining
miscellany; and the price is so very low as to make
it the cheapest as well es the best magazine for
persons of all ages and conditions, with which wo
arc acquainted. Its embellishments arc good; and
he must be fastidious indeed, who can not find
something to please him, in the great variety which
it furnishes.
Address, post paid, (Marks E. Holden, N. York
I=l
LADIES' FAIR.-It will be seen by reference to a
notice in another column of to-day's paper, that
the Ladies of Rev. Mr. Marlin's (Catholic) congre.
gallon of York, purpose holding a Fair for the sale
of fancy and useful articles. We !earn that the
proceeds are to be appropriated towards the pur
chase of a parsonage house.
Those of our readers in Columbia and elsewhere,
who feel an interest in the object in view are res•
ventrally invited to attend, when they will have an
opportunity of contributing to the undertaking, in
this moat pleasant manner.
===l:l
GUBERNATORIAL NOMINATIONS.--The Democratic
State Convention which assembled et Harrisburg
OD the 30th ultimo., nominated Mosaic Los°.
srarrtz, on the fifth ballot, by a vote of 83, to 23
for Col. Bigler, and 25 for Judge Black—a major
ity of 35 over both the others. He was then unan•
imously nominated for Governor of Pennsylvania.
The Whig Convention, on the 31st, nominated
the present acting Governor, Wri.t.i.tat F. JOI/NBON,
by acclamation.
~~diir.
A LADY, in correcting some misstatements of
the editor of the Cincinnati Commercial, expresses
her doubts as to the possible gentility of conductors
and agents on railroads. If we knew tho fair—is
she fair 7—correspondent of the Home Journal, we
should invito her to pass over our railroads, on her
next trip to the Empire city, and be convinced that
there arc " gentlemen" in every rank and of every
vocation here, if not at the Queen city.
Caws_—The Grand Jury, in their report to the
last Quarter Sessions of the Peace for Lancaster
county, speak very encouragingly of the diminu
tion of crime in our county. it being the longest
term in the year, yet the criminal owes brought
under their notice, are less in number as well ea
enormity.
=I
PLAINFIELD BANE.—It is announced in the New
York Sun that the affairs of the Plainfield Bank
have at length been wound up, and there are soul.
cleat asset:it* pay all the notes in full, This news
pill bo rather mortifying to those who wereinduced
to part with the notes at the rate of 60 cents on
the dollar a few months since.
Tar. UNtors MAGAZINZ.—The September No. of
this interesting magazine is before us. The cm.
banishments for the prevent month aro "The Lost
Oil!dm," " The Solitary," t. Fashions," See. The
tales, essays, poems, &.e., are excellent.
TOE COI.IIIIIBIAN AIAGAZINE for September ie re.
attired. The embelliebments are "Monument in
Greenwood Cemetery" and " Miranda." The eon.
tributiona an usual,—good.
====l
SEASON Oa-ca.—The Cape May Season is over.
It has been one of unprecedented throng, pleasure
and profit
Reception of Lien Cochran and his Dien.
We noticed in our last paper the "pop visit" which
Lieut. Cochran paid us, previous to his and his
men's final discharge from the service of the United
States Army. We now have the pleasure of an•
nouncing to our readers that the Lieutenant and
his brave companions in arms (who did the work,
as be says) have received their final and honorable
discharge; and in anticipation of their return to
their families and friends, our citizens have made
extensive preparations to give them a hearty
"Welcome Home" to the scenes of their youth,
which they had left to defend the rights abd honor
of their country, and which they had but a faint,
glithmering hope of ever again seeing.
The following committee has been appointed by the
general " Reception Committee" to meet our heroic
friends on their arrival at Wrightsville and escort
them into town: J. J. Gault, J. Mack, A. P. Mod
erwell, A. R. Spangler, J. H. Hunter, Geo. Wulf, N.
Sutton, Samuel Shoch, R. Mullison, .1. A. Hook,
Wm. Matthiot, J. AV. Cottrell, and J. W. nailer,
who will arrive at the east end of the bridge
THIS MORNING AT 10 O'CLOCK,
where they will be received by our citizens and
escorted; in grand procession, through town as per
the following
FROGR,AMTOTE.
ORDER OF THE PROCESSION.
Chief Marshal'and Aids.
Music—Mechanic? Band.
Committee of Arrangements.
Lieut. Theodore D. Cochran and Men.
Invited Guests.
Orator of the day.
Chief Burgess and Town Council.
L 0. of 0. F.
S. of T.
0. of U. A. M.
Citizens &c.
Retie or PROCE3moN.—Form in Front Street,
opposite tho Bridge, move down Front to Union
street, up Uniou to Second, up Second to Locust,
down Locust to Front, up Front to Walnut, up
Walnut to Fourth, down Fourth to Locust, down
Locust to the Town Hall, where an Oration will
be dela/red by Col. Philip Gossler, after which
Dinner will be served up at the Washington Hotel.
SAMUEL SHOCH, Chief Marshal.
Toms. COLLINS, t
J. F. Hoorroet.
A. R. Spangler, Wm. Brown, J. S. Given, and
Js mos Myers, Assistant Marshals.
Columbia, September 2, 1848.
POMOLOGICAL CONVENTIONL-A Convention of
Fruit Growers is to be held at Judson's Hotel, in
New York, commencing on the 10th of October.
The objects of the meeting arc to compare fruits
from various sources and localities, with a view of
arriving at correct conclusions as to their merits,
to settle doubtful points respecting them, and to as
sist in determining the synonymes, by which the
same fruit is known in different parts ()film coon.
try, and generally to elicit and disseminate porno
logical information, and to maintain a cordial spirit
of intercourse among the horticulturists. Persons
attending the Convention arc requested to bring
with them, carefully labelled, specimens of all fruits
grown in their vicinity that may be worthy of no.
tire, and if possible a small branch of leaves of
each variety.
Agricultural and Horticultural Societies arc in•
sited to send delegates anti transmit at an early
day a list of their delegates to T. B. Wakeman
Secretary of the American Institute New York.
ANOTIIER DIFFICULTY WITII Mrrxrco.—The Gal
veston News, of the Sth, in speaking of the evacua
tion of Vera Cruz, has the following paragraph,
which wo have not seen previously noticed. The
information is derived from Captain Simpson, of
the steamer Southener, who says, that when he left
on the 2Gth ult., there were eighteen private mer
chant vessels in port, which had come loaded with
goods, not knowing that the custle and city and
custom house, and whole country, had been deliv
ered up to the Mexican autliortries. Immediately
as these vessels arrived in port, Mexican officers
were sent on board and ordered to take charge of
them; and this was their situation when the South
eerier left. It was said that they all had on board
articles that were contraband, according to some
Mexican law, and were therefore liable to forfeiture.
=GE=
A Bre or ROSSANCE.—Among the most devoted
advocates of the Ten Hour System in Allegheny
city is a young and strikingly beautiful girl, who
passes among her companions as the "Unknown."
Sho attends all tho meetings, exhibits deep interest
in the proceedings, and is said to be the master
spirit among the girls—directing all their move..
ments, but without partaking in any illegal acts.
Sho is pale, dark eyed girl, with flowing tresses,
delicate features, and an expresion of peculiar in.
telligence, dignity, and self-posession. Iler figure
is correspondingly good. She is said to be a native
of Kentucky, and takes part in the movements from
purely disinterested motives—not being herself au
operative. Joan of Arc may perchance be rivalled
by this damsel, and if her arm be as dangerous as
her glances, she will be scarcely less formidable.
=2
PRESUME rut. ELECTION LAW.-By the act of April
11th, 1846, Assessors are required to open their
books immediately after the 2d Tuesday of October,
and era reqnired to assess any white freeman ma
king application to them at any time within ten
days of the time fixed by law for the election of
electors for President and Vico President, and to
make out lists for the officers of said election, and
deliver the same to them on or before eight o'clock
on the morning of the election.
Vessm. son LIBERIA.-A vessel will leave New
Orleans for Liberia in December next. Colored
people residing in any of the States in the Valley
of the Mississippi, who intend going to Liberia to
settle, can be accommodated with a passage in the
vessel, by applying to the Rev. William McLain,
Washington city, or to Rec. A. ?►S. Cowan, Frank.
fort, Ky.
33 An enormous fish, of the whale kind. was Int."
ly stranded at Auguadilliv, Porto Rico, measuring
fourteen yards long and being twelve yard. in cir
cumference at the thickest part.
Qrly Woritt '2lbroab.
SEVEN DAYS LATER
FROM EUROPE.
The Britannia arrived at Boston on Saturday,
26th ult., at 2 o'clock, having made the passage
from Liverpool in fourteen days.
The only material change in the aspect of Irish
affairs, is the utter prostration of the hopes of the
people, in the arrest of O'Brien and the principal
leaders. The fact is, the people showed themselves
to be utterly unprepared for a conflict with the
British Government; and, at the first overt act of
rebellion, forsook their leaders.
After O'Brien's arrest, he is said to have expres.
sect himself satisfied of the hopelessness of accom
plishing his object, and that he was induced to
leave his retreat in the mountains because the fut.
titer he went, the more the people seemed to fear
to harbor him or hold any communication with
him. He was arrested at the railroad station at
Thurlcs, whilst in the act of procuring a ticket for
I Limerick. There, it is said, he intended to take
refuge among his friends. Immediately after his
arrest, ho was marched to Bridewell, and subse
quently conveyed to Dublin, and lodged in KAl
mainham jail. His crime is that or high treason,
the penalty of which, if enforced, is death.
It is intimated in the European Times that the
soundness of Mr. Smith O'Brien's intellect was so
much doubted, that some of his friend, and rela
tions were about to take out a commission of lu
nacy, in order to adjudicate on that point. For the
sake of the unfortunate gentlemon,and his wife and
children, it is hoped that proof to that effect may
be given on his approaching trial. The Ist and 2d
of Gco. IV., chapter 38, provides that when proof
of insanity has been given, that the jury shall find
specially as to such insanity, owl whether they
Lave acquitted on that account. If so, the Court
shall order the prisoner to he kept in strict custody
until the plennue of the Lord-Lieutenant is known
and he (the Lard• Lieutenant) may make orders for
continuing such custody from time to time during
pleasure,
' Mr. O'Brien is said to be cheerful, and his wife
is allowed free access to him. Other friends arc
I permitted to converse with him in the presence of
the jail authorities.
There does not appear to have been any serious
disturbances iti any part of the country since the
Cambria sailed, and necording to the English ac
counts, it seems quite impossible there should he
any so lung us the Government sustains its present
attitude of repression.
Numerous arrests continue to be made. We no.
ticc many. Mr. Cam, Mr. Berger, ship-broker,
and Mr. Noland, of the United States.
O'Gorman,for whose arrest three hundred pounds
is °trend, on attempting to escape from the calm
try, was arrested by Coast Guard, after he had
crossed the Shannon in an open boat. The notice
was forthwith sent to the police, but before they
arrived, O'Gorman had persuaded his captors that
ho was a mere traveller from Derry to Clare, and
was permitted to leave in a boat. He subsequent
ly boarded a vessel bound down the Shannon for
America, in which he escaped. A war steamer
has been despatched after the vessel.
Since the arrest of O'Brien, it is said, that,
through the influence ore Catholic clergyman, pro.
positions have been made front those against
whom warrants have been issued, to surrender
themselves, if a guarantee were given that the
penalty of dealt should not be enforced against
them. But a proclamation of the Government,
warning all musters of emigrant ships, packets
and sea•going vessels that the penally of treason
would attach equally to them, should they be con
cerned in favoring the escape ninny person whom
they shall know as having been engaged in treason.
able practices, is looked upon as a virtual answer
to this proposition, and indicating the intention
or the Government to snake no terms with the ;tn.
'
eurgents.
The chief consideration in Paris at the present
moment, is the critical state of Northern Italy.—
Numerous diplomatic meetings have taken place
in Paris, and Lord Palmerston, in the English
Parliament, hes stated that her Majesty's Govern
ment are deeply sensible of the importance 01 ter
minating the war, and expressed a strong desire
on the part of the government, as well as on the
part of the French government, to see its termina
tion. Her Majesty's Ministers are already en.
gaged, in conjunction with the French government,
for that purpose.
The last journals (*rim Paris aro wholly occupied
with the Italian question. Funds have declined
in consequence of the threatening aspect of af
fairs.
Two thousand of the insurgents of June have
been transported to Brest, to be confined there till
the government should determine upon their desti
nation. It was expected that their families would
be allowed to join them.
An unsuccessful attempt was made on the .sth
inst., to assassinate M. Tillers. A 'hot intended
for him was received by a little girl seated at the
gate, opposite the dwelling of M. lidera. A De.
cree has been published removing the suspension
pronounced on the 27th of Juno against twelve
Radical Journals.
Tho whole breadth of Lombardy has been re
traced by the Piedmonteso army. They have bean
defeated at every point, and the army is now ei
ther shut op in Milan, or has crossed into their
own dominions.
Recent events in Lombardy have been rapid, de
cisive and most unexpected. A short time ago,
Charles Albert was a successful conqueror—almost
all Lombardy was within his grasp. Now the
whole breadth of Lombardy has been retraced by
the Piedmontese army, and Charles Albert, utterly
defeated at every point, is either shut up in Milan,
or, perhaps, has crossed the Mincio into his own
dominions.
Tlio Prussian capital still contiues to be the
scene of political cabal and excitement. The peo.
plc are, for the moment, occupied with the renewal
or the war with the Danes.
The Russians have retired to Jassy ; and the af.
fairs of Wallachia seem now to be settled by its
occupation by the Turkish forces.
The whole range of Eastern Europeseema more
or less afflicted by the cholera.
Last reports describe the King Of Sardinia's
defeat and retreat to Cremona. Here he paused,
doubtful whether to cross the Po, towards Placenza'
and thus retire into Piedmont, or to fall back on
Milan. He withdrew, however, along the upper
bank of the Po to Codognu, and then took the man.
ly course of moving towards Lodi, so as to place
himself between the athancing Austrians and Mi
lan. Radetsky, at the head of his army, followed
up his successes, raised the peasantry in favor of
the Austrians, and seems everywhere to be well re.
ceived. He fulminated a fierce proclamatiou,
ing upon the Lombards to lay down their arms, In
which case a veil would be drawn over their past
conduct, but threatening vengeance if they perse.
vered in resistance.
The question of peace or war between Denmark
and Germany rests entirely in doubt whether Den.
mark will recognize the German union. Should
she recognize the union, negotiations will be im.
tnediately commenced for the settlement of the
dispute. If; ou the contrary, Denmark refuses her
recognition, war will he at once resumed with the
military forces of the whole of Germany. In a
few words, all the Germans would rise as one man
in defence of their nationality, and a desperate war
be the result.
THE LATEST
By the arrival of the Niagara we have the fol
lowing additional summary of news of the doings
in different parts of Europe:
In Ireland the accounts of the potato crops are
gloomy, almost without exception or mitigation.
Numerous arrests have taken place throughout
the country. Among those arrested are Americans
who bore a conspicuous part in the attempted re
bellion.
The Romon Catholic Clergy of Tuam have got
up a memorial to the Queen on behalf of the State
prisoners, praying that the prerogative of meicy
should be exercised in favor or the traitors who
recently took up tiring against the crown.
An active rhase is kept up both by land and sea
fur Mr. Richard O'Gorman.
The State Trials ere progressing slowly.
An armistice of 4.5 days has been concluded be
tween the Austrians and the Piedmonlcse.
The Italian journals announce the entrance of the
Austrian army, and that the Duke of Modena had
returned to his States, assisted by a foreign corps.
Much uneasiness prevails in Paris as to the re
sult of the publication of the report of the Insurrec
tion Committee, and the debate which will follow.
On the 6th of August, the Emperor of Austria
and the Imperial family left Innspruck for Vienna,
where they arc expected to arrive on the 12th and
make a solemn entry.
Tlie armistice between Prussia and Denmark has
been definitely concluded and it is given to be un
derstood that the French diplomatic negotiation
has, in the latter instance, as in the former joined
with England, aided in leading to pacific tendon•
cies.
Accounts from the Danubian provinces state that
Col. Solomon a nd the Hospodar Odabaseo, the chiefs
of the reactionary party, have overthrown the Pro
visional Government of Wallachia and Bucharest,
and the old Cortese° ministry have resumed the
reigns of government.
Accounts from Catalonia slate that a hand of,
Republicans had invaded the province from Prance,
and had entered the town of Mausanet do Cubrenis,
where they pillaged the house of the Mayor and ex
changed some shots with the troops, after which
they joined a Montemolinist chief.
Engagements between small bodies of insurgents
and the Queen's troops arc reported, the most int
portant being an encounter at Llona, when the in
' surgents. ZOO in number, headed by Marshall and
other well known chiefs, were dispersed, after hay
tng had four met, killed, several wounded and
mnny horses captured.
The Bologna Gazette of the 9th, contains impor
tant news. It appears that on the afternoon of the
Silt, the Austrian General Wilden, having levied a
heavy contribution upon Bologna, and demanded
hostages for the payment and for the subjection of
the Bolognese. The people rose and time tocsin was
sounded. A con2iet ensued, which is said to have
been terrible.
A telegraphic despatch, received at Turin on the
15?.th, at 7 o'clock, A. M., announces the arrival of
Charles Albert at Alessandria.
Gen. Walden, who bombarded Bologna, has been
disavowed and recalled by his government.
Paris wan tranquil on Thursday, but every pre
caution to obvinle an outbreak hail been taken.
The King of had arrived at Cologne on
the 15tit. The reception was enthusiastic and his
meeting with the Archduke was cordial.
The King of the Belgians had addressed a con•
gretulory letter to the Archduke John.
The St. Petersburg Journal has received a but.
Jelin from the Caucassus announcing the capture of
the fortress of Ncsgliebell. The bombardment las
ted Grieco hours, when the garrison took to flight.
The Stettin grain markets were dull with little
alteration in prices.
----.....,,.....J.÷410,
INGENIOUS FRAUD UrON TILE POST OFFICE DE
FARTmENT.—ThO reports of the special agents of
the Post Office Department from time to time, detail
some very ingenious attempts on imposition and
fraud on the part or persons pretending to remit
money by mail. Such occurrences are by no means
rare, we are informed; but the following statement
exhibits, perhaps more ingenuity and cool calcula
tion than arc often resorted to.—lt is an extract
from a recent report of the special agent in the sec
tion where the case occurred;
'• A man by the name bf \V F. Wright, of Cai
ro, Greene county, New York, waa indebted to
Rev. Mr. B—, of Westville, Connecticut, in the
burn of one hundred dollars. Wright went to Cats
kill, ten miles distant on the 29th of June last,
and called on a clergyman, an acqusintanc of his,
and while there, wrote a letter to Mr. B—.stating
at the same time to his friend that he wished to re
mit in the letter $lOO, and requesting him to ac
company him (Wright) to the Catskill Bank for
the purpose of obtaining a $lOO bank note in ex
change for small bills. The note was placed iti
the letter, a wafer obtained of the cashier, and ac
companied by his witness, Wright preceded at once
to the post office and deposited a letter in the letter
bor. On reaching its place ofdestinati on, the letter
was opened by the person to whom addressed, ir)
the presence of the post-master,but the money was
missing. At the bottom of the letter appeared the
following notice, written in a very coarse, unnat
ural hand;
" Mr. B.: I take the liberty to borrow this money,
but send the letter that you need not blame the
man what sent it to you. POST BOY."
Unquestionably a bold robery had been committed
by some postmaster or post office cleric, and each
one who was favored with an inspectionof the rifled
letter expressed his opinion in turn, as to which
of the officers through which the letter had passed,
was most directly implicated. The case was at
once put in the hands of the special agent of the
Post Office Department, who, after a full investiga
tion, arrived at the following result;
The letter, with the message from" Post Boy "
affixed, was prepared beforehand, noteven omitting
a double and ragged seal. to give it the appearance
of having been broken open. On the way from the
bank to the post office, this letter was substituted
for the one containing the money, and thus the hen. i
est witness was completely duped, supposing he
had seen theletter and money safely put in the
office.
In the course of the investigation,proof was ob
tained which fixed this attempt at fraud so clearly
upon Wright, that he admitted his guilt.—Wash.
Union,
A GLANCE AT THE STATE OF EUROPE.
The peculiar characteristic of the political fer
mentation which at present pervades nearly the
whole of civilized Europe, is the simultaneous de
velopment of Its democratic and national elements.
While most of its states are involved in an inter
nal struggle for the extension of political rights,
most of its races are engaged in an external strug
gle for the recognition of their several indepen
dences. Europe was never so stirred before—
certainly not by the Reformation, and hardly even
by the ,invasions of the northern nations. A re
action is at once raging against the arbitrary dis
tribution of political power maintained by its gov
ernments, and against the arbitrary, unjust, and
unnatural territorial distribution made at the Con
gress of Vienna. Europe, in a word, is in labor
with the twin birth of constitutions and of nation
alities.
Of its five great powers, one alone is partially
exempt. While Nature has drawn round Great
Britain boundaries more lasting than those of the
diplomatists of 1815, her constitution has been
prepared by recent ameliorations for further exten
sion, and strengthened ageinst the storm.
Russia, if enjoying the internal repose tempora
rily secured by the semi.eastern barbarism of her
scattered tribes, has for years been wasting the
blood of her thousands on the heights of the Cau-
C 413139, is now secretly intriguing for more ex
tended conquest, and is already marshalling her
armies on the banks of the Vistula for (as we
firmly hope) assured defeat and disgrace. Prus
sia, battling with her pedant monarch in the streets
of his capital fur her long-promised rights, is seek
ing to round the territories of that great national
ity which she hopes eventually to sway, with a
few . green pastures torn from the Scandinavian
peninsula. Austria, that anomalous agglomeration
of repugnant races, a prey to central anarchy and
provincial rebellion ' and already bereft of the iron
crown, clings with blind tenacity to the territory
of the doges. France is yet wailing over those
who have fallen in the deadliest of social strug
gles. Her cities arc beleaguered by her own ar
mies, and the streets or her capital are as yet their
battle-field ; but who that knows the proneness of
her people to clamor for foreign conquest, and of
her statesmen to seek a vent for social and politi
cal agitation in her lust for national glory, shall
say how soon the young generals who DOW sway
her counsels :nay not seek a field for their own
ambition and a solution of their financial difficul
ties in a war of aggression—how soon the eagle
or the cock, whichever the emblem of the hour,
shall pounce upon the heights of Savoy, and seelt
to spread either wing to the waters of the Rhine
and of the Gulf of Genoa
Of the minor states few present a more Iran.
quillizing picture. The half:appreciated liberties
of Spain, trodden down in the streets of Madrid
by the iron heel of Narvaez, are finding a voice in
the provincial risings of her factions. The throne
of Portugal rocks under its infatuated occupant.
The troops of the Neapnlitan Bourbon are bivou
acking at once on the banks of the Adige, the
heights of Calabria, and the flags of the Toledo.
The Vicegerent of God signs in the Vatican dec
larations
of war dictated by the burghers of the
Corso. Leopold of Tuscany is fain to inerg, the
interests of his father-house in the rights of Ital
ian independence ; and Charles Albert drowns the
cries of internal sedition in the din of a national
war. A dozen of political volcanoes are in activ.
ity. Such, at this moment, is Europe!
Without a doubt, this fermentation must result
in a new distribution of territorial power as well
us of political rights, and it is of the first moment
that this distribution shall be such as may guaran.
Ice a permanent and natural state of European
i peace—a peace that shall leave no excuse fur the
waste of national resources in the maintenance of
monstrous standing armies, but shall enable the Tu.
rlOlll4 states of Europe to devote all their energies
to the development of their political and social
wellbeing;—such a distribution, in fact, as shall
leave the great changes which the future has
doubtless in store (changes far greater than those
even contemplated at present) to the peaceful and
natural development of the affi'iities of races,
tongues, and institutions, 1
To tiring about such a settlement, assuredly no
faith is to be placed in a European Congress,
from which all our experience has taught us to
expect, not peace-making, but misehicfmaking.
Just as little trust is to be placed in diplomatic
mediation. Yet impartial and judicial advice from
our own nation must have its value; and the
heated combatants may benefit by her counsels, if
given in the spirit of justice and impartiality.
At the present moment, the case which most
urgently calls for wholesome advice is Italy. A
temporary lull of central anarchy has enabled the
government of Austria to reinforce the army of
Itadetzki with 25,000 men, and emboldened it to
lay down as the basis of any settlement of the Ital.
ian question, the retention of the Venetian territo
ry and the Lotion Tyrol.
Laid Palmerston has discreetly as well us gen
erously refused to undertake a mediation on any
such impracticable basis. Assuredly the resole.
Lion is a wise ono ; and we trust that no endeavor
will be spared to combat, by the most earnest
counsel, an infatuation which, if persisted in,
would in all probability let loose the flood-gates of
a general European war, and without question
end in the ignominious relinquishment by Austria
of these territories, without even that adjustment
of her financial burdens which some may consider
that she has a right to demand, and which she is
now in so fair a position to enforce. It is painful
to ACC an influential journal and its intelligent cor
respondent advocating the adoption of an arrange
ment, which would have no other consequence
than to leave both to Austrians and Italians a per
petual inheritance of heart-burning, without a sin.
glo correspondent advantage to either.
We can make every allowance for the not un
natural indignation of the statesmen of Austria at
the successful enterprise of an ambitious rival, and
for the still less unnatural desire of her generals
to retrieve humiliating defeats, which would dic
tate an adherence to their present determination;
but we most earnestly deprecate the settlement of
the Italian question upon any other basis than the
entire abandonment by Austria of purely Italian
territory—of every spot where Italian nationality
and language arc established.
The- interests of Europe—and, we firmly be.
licve, the true interests of Austria herself—imper.
atively require that the kingdom of Northern Italy
shall at once assume u strong and definite position
among the states of Europe. The port of Venice
is indispensable to the full and free development
of the internal resources of Lombardy; while that
of Trieste is more than sufficient for the wants of
Austrian commerce, even increased, as we hope it
is soon to be, by her participation in that great int.
tionality which is now struggling into shape, and
by the reflux of German civilization through its
channels towards that East front whence Teutonic
barbarism flowed.
The interests of Europe require that Austria
shall withdraw within the line which divides the
Littoral°, Elyria, and the Austrian Tyrol, from
the Venetian territory, and from the properly Ital
ian Tyrol. When this arrangement is consum
mated, she herself will soon discover that the vul.
gar traffic which consists in exchanging salt and
iron for silk and hemp, and wine and cheese, will
ho more to her honor and advantage then the rule
of unwilling strangers, maintained by the brute
violence of Croats and bristling fortresses. Free
dom can never flourish on the banks of the Dan
ube, if the same people are to maintain a hateful
tyranny on those of the Adige.
When you see a young lady who likes to be con.
tinually playing with the gentlemen's hats, tryiag
them on, &c., you may be sure she will, some day
or other wear the "breeches."
"Boy, what is your name?'" "Robert " , sir."
"Well, what is your other namo?" " Bob.
For the Columbia SpY•
ODE
TO THE SUSQUEHANNA.
EEErmia
Snake.like, sneaking Susquehanna,
Hybrid : river and savanna,
Agno breeding,
Bull frog feeding ;
Beautiful es a Sultana,
Lovely, sickly Susquehanna!
Never on thy wave the steamer
Wakes the basking turtle—dreamer
In the sun ; or break.' the slumber
Unless, indeed, a raft of lumber
Strike the rock
With crashing shock,
Of the mottled water Snake,
Or Crane, or Heron make a break^
Upon the Morphean victim, tearing
His Joseph garment past repairing.
When seething 'heath the summer sun
Thou 'rt very fair to look upon ;
But death unto the looker's liver
Ast thou,-thou syren-smiling river.
(Do syrens smile, or only sing?
My el.tssie lore a'int just the thing;
would my memory bump were bigger,
But if I err, I " cut the figure")
And when the winter -torrents raise thee.
The lumbermen and pilots praise thee,
While the poet, Fancy's creature,
Caught by loveliness of feature,
Raises Pman and Hosanna
To the charms ef Susquehanna.
And doctors smile while gazing on thee;
And pour their banisons upon thee.
They love thee well, thou " gay deceiver,"
Exhaustless source of Bilious Fever:
And thou art very beautiful,
Although of " Ague Mixture" full;
And there's a" world of romance" floating
On and about thee—instance, boating ;
When Gen'ral Butler's tin horn's tune,
Beneath the softly radiant moon
Is blended with the bass notes deep
Of bull-frogs grumbling in their sleep.
But, " false as fair,"
I here declare, •
In solemn and emphatic verse,
No song of praise
To the I'll raise ;
But rather the direct—reverse.
Would that with tempests I could plague you,
Vast fountain of the 3rd day ogee!
=!=
CHOLERA AND hltagurrisai.—Coneeiving that the
following facts may be interesting at the present
time, I beg to forward them for insertion in the
Antheneum. The Manchester Guardian, quoting
a letter from St. Petersburgh, says ;—" A very im.
portant discovery has recently been made here,
which clearly proves that the malady is in the air,
and that, therefore, quarantines are utterly useless.
The air here has had a very singular effect on the
magnetic power. Whilst the cholera was at its
height, the action of the magnet was nearly nen
tt alized ; which, now the disease is gradually sub
siding, assumes by degrees its former power. A
magnetic block which used to carry 80 Ills, would,
during the worst lime of the cholera, not carry
above 13 lbs. Its strength has now increased a
gain to 60lbs. The electro•mugnetie telegraph at
one time would not work.; IL was also recently
mentioned in the Lancet that, during the prevalence
of Asiatic cholera in London, there was a cessation
of the disease at St. Cite's after a violent thunder
storm. It is worthy of notice that, in the present
year, during the worst period of the cholera at St.
Petershurgh, the potatoes in this country have
been again attacked with disease. The following
experiment tends to connect this also with the state
of the atmosphere : Dividing a piece of sound
potato into two, I passed About a dozen very weak
electric shocks through one of them and placed
both in a plate with a little water. In twenty-four
hours the piece that had received the shock was
brown and rotten at the part where the fluid had
entered, and in four days it had become a mass
of black and brown fetid tnatter. The ether piece
was partially dissolved by the water, but not in the
least discolored, and smelt perfectly fresh.—The
Sherborns Journal, detailing the failure of the po
tatoes near Taunton, says that fever is also very
prevalent there, but cannot tell whether it is pro
duced by the effluvium arising from the rotting
crops, or whether the state of the atmosphere is the
cause of both calamities. I leave the reader to
make his own inferences as to the connexion axis.
tang betaken the above. I am, &c.
Portsmouth, Aug. 3. &nix J. LANE.
WRIGHT'S Indian Vegetable Fill•, in addition to
being, one of the best tint...Mhous medicine in the world,
possesses a power in removing pains which is truly aston
ishing. Four or five of said Indian Vegetable Pills, taken
every night on going to bed, will in a short lime com
pletely rid the body of those morbid humors which, if
lodged in the liver. ore the cause of pain in the side, some.
times extending through to the shoulder blade, difficulty
of breathing, nausea and sickness. loss of appetite, cos
tiveness, indigestion, flatulency, swarthy or yellow com
plexion, and other 53 mptoins of an inflammation or torpid
state of the
Wright's Indian Vegetable Pills also thoroughly cleanse
the stomach and bowels of all bilious humors, and other
Minority. and therefore arc a certain cure for colic. dys
entery. cholera :imams , and every other disorder of the
intestines. They also aid and improve digestion, and
eonsrqucntly give health and vigor to the whole frame,
us well as drive disease of every name front the body.
llgwartim or COCNTSIWEITS AND hat7ATIONS.--11eMcM•
her. that the original and only genuine Indian Vegetable
Pills have the written BignatUre of iVrI.LIAM Wninur on
the top label of each box.
irpTlic genuine for sale by FR't' dr SPANGLER, who
are the only nuthorired Agents for Columbia. Also, by
agents advertised in another columns.
Principal Office, HD, Race Street, Philadelphia.
Zlje ,iflarlicts.
PHILADELPHIA. August 13, 1848
Flour—Ss 50 a 5 22 for good old stock Penna
and Western, and $5 for good fresh ground ;
Rye flour $3 814 a 3 1:173 ; Corn meal $2 75
2 87i.
Grain—Wheat 81 10 a 1 12 for good Penn ;
Rye 70 a 71 for Penn ; Corn 58 a 59 fur yellow
Penn.
Iron—PennaPigM3 a 27 per ton for Anthracite,
and $25 a3O for Forge and Foundry Metal. Bar
Iron ranges from 870 to 75, and Blooms $55 to 70.
Lumber—The supplies are increasing. Cargo
sales of Yellow Pine Boards at $l5 a 16 per M.;
Susquehanna ,$ll a 15; Hemlock Joists, $7 a 7 50;
Scantling 87 a 8.
Laths—Ara in fair demand, with pales of 150,•
000 Eastern at $1 20 a 1 25 per M.
BALTIMORE August, 31, 1848.
The flour market at the elooe was firm, after an
active demand at easier rates; sales at $ 5 37}..
Sales of white wheat at $1 OS a 1 18, and red
wheat 81 04 a 1- 07; oats 33 a 35.
Prrtsawto, August 31,1848
The flour market is firm. with good Eastern and•
home demand. Sales at 84 373 a 4 44. Wheat
commands 80 to 81 cents ; yellow corn 31; oats 195
Rye is lower. and barley is heavy and inactive.