Presbyterian banner. (Pittsburgh, Pa.) 1860-1898, December 07, 1861, Image 4

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THE WORKS ' , 191' - F FRA.NCISThACON—; ARON
or VERULAINI, &o. Collected and Edited by
James Spaidirty, M. A., of Trinity College,
Cambridge; Robert ?Leslie Bilk, .111. A., late
Fellow or Trinity College, Cambridge; and
Dougliza 1:)enon Beath, Barrister at Law„ late
Patili xfoitt,sei "Vol.
11, 12m0., pages 608. Boston; Brown and
framard.
This secondkfblimodinleithfLof arrangement,
and seventh ht order of publication, contains
l!aaaleg"PrageSP e ad. historians`#.liorlant Iy,Oittraiem et
'...Atry;ricetisliGin
tiartim," both of which professed to contain parts
of his grand instauratiOn of philosophy.
The arrangerent,, and,e4itorial
noteskof ti v in 41k 1 tie orate• that have
gone before, are unexceptionable. No other edi
tion of the Works of Bacon can be at all com
pared to this. Persons collecting either public
or private libraries should be careful to purchase
no other edition. r IA is an honor to American
tvxography. „
anNitgoiall d
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF WILLIAM NEILL, D.A.
WISH A SELverron tritoml nis SESSIONS. By
the Rev. vltsseshH. Jona, D.D. Philadelphia:
Freoislifeall2 M IfePiai/afaX 2 Pit tsburgh :
Board pf Co portage, Band Street. Pp. 272.
1861.
,lul,ll4slcomely volume . we, have an accountlif
the life, cha racter, and labbrirof kn excellent
,reacher, a auccessful pastor, and a iemarkably
,pibus man, with Selections from his sermons and
emnsolimgiv.4:Dielmettel trYitiPlM. Joseph
H. Jones, D. B. Not soon Will we forget the
iteubilintiddreser delfieleed• by the 'veilefable'Dr.
1 140111;"tigit littbiitineer tl4'SYntid 7 B# PhiltitQl
; the thiii - olf at the . ceitte,i of 18thlind
H titihlifiiefirtwe bi - thide yeitfri9ego. then
the'verge'of heaven:
etas TskbEOEDINBUB,G , REVIEW, for October, has
iisinettna articles,- viz. Macaulay's History, of
Angland, ,(fith volume;) Montalembert's Works
iefithe • WestilLay.ernge :on the; Agriculture of
IF:raucee 40:Donogitue'sitlemoirs of the O'Briens;
tOiilininghattge Church History •of Scotland ;
AllhaiStoty.t-of Burnt Njal ; .English Jurispru
dedee; Thier's Revolution of the Hundred Days;
The Works of Elizabeth Barrett Browning; Dr.
liessey's 'Hampton Lectures; The Disunion of
America. This is the Review in which Sydney
titaithAttittin anpMactatly..first d their
lane. It has always, been distinguished_ for
thorougline.ss of its investigations and its
trenchant style. But with respect to the, great
American question, now at issue, this Review,
like the other able Quarterlies of. Great Britain,
seems be sadly in the' dark. The closing sen
tence of the article in, the present number, on
Disunion; ,issufficient evidence- of this. The
wit!'
sentence is' "This not probable, from the
liiituftiNif 'the Operations, and froM the inexpe
rience of the'belligerents, that any decisive mili
tary successes will be obtained;;! and if-we might
hazard a conjecture as . to the issue of the contest,
be ;that the two parties, tired but not
satisfied, exhausted but not reconciled, will at
`last sitllenlY"Sulamit in' a necessary separation."
Most: piobiblibefore the aPper;rance of 'another
number of th . e'Ediabitrg, the faliity of this opin
ion will have been made-sufficiently evident.
Re-published by Leonard Scott i k Co., 79 Ful
ton Street, New-York. Agent, in Pittsburgh,
Henry Hiner, Fifth Street. • Prici 'per annum.
BEACHWOOD'S EDINBURGH MAGAZINE,
for November, is a 'number of much and varied
excellence. Political questions are eschewed,
but the r liteyfy character is ,particularly good.
The - ecnitatifesain : ChindiclOS 'Of . Carlingford ;
How the World treats Discoverers; Captain Clut
terbuck's. Champagne; A West Indian Reminis
cence. Part IL—Mr. Buckle's Scientific Errors;
Sir Cresswell Cresswell; The Stage of Weimar;
The Inland Sea of Japan; The Cramming Sys
tem ; Mr. Ernest Renan ; The Recantation ; The
Search; 'The Lite Earl of 2glington.
We'dommend the article on Mr. Buckle to his
admirers and'devotees generally. While giving
. due 'credit to the ability, learning and research
of Mr; Hinkle, it shows him sadly mistaken in
some of those scientific stateitients on which' he
based so much of his reasoning.
Blackwood is re-published by Leonard Scott
Co., No. 79 Fulton Street, New-York. Agent in
Pittsburgh, iletriy4fiiiiraii*Street. Price $3
per annum, or Blackwood and the four Reviews,
$lO per annum. No other equal expenditure in
the department of solid literature, will secure the
same amount of valuable - and various reading.
THE UNITED PRESBXTERIAN QUARTER
LY REVIEW.-=-Thirninnier `fur October, which
hat' just reached •us, contains •the following ar
ticles L Sabbath Schools-I-their Origin and
Progress; 11. Exposition of Psalm xvi: 8-11 ;
111. History of the Synod of Dort ; IV. Ento
mology; V. Tun:olll'6h ;' VI. Antag
onism Essential to DilveloPinent ; VIL Luther
and his Times; VIII. Short Notices. We re
gard this as an unusually able number of this
Review. Notice is given that the next •number
will not be issued until April, 1862, when the
Review, hitherto regarded as an expetiment will
be placed on a permanent footing. The United
Preidlytprilw ehitrolt 'SRO*" ti'Vs they liberal
support to which it is justly entitled.
HARPER'S MAGAZINE for December con
tains the following excellent table of contents :
Coast Rangers of California; Making Money
The Okavingoßker l ; o.Wifl .4. 's Story ; Mount
Victory; ? Orli , ralin - ; 4v Tire Reign ( of Sultan
.Abdul-Medjid ;, Still , Unknown ; Mr and .bas.
Meyer; A Psalm of' the :Union ; Tbe Adventures
or *Philip"; Col. Raker rand-Blue Tarn Stock
ings.' Enr shle , in-Pittlihttigh hygohn
Masonid Hall,Tifth Street;
THE ATLANTIC MONTHLY for December
is a very able number. Among the articles that
intirist are i4 l l'lle
of Tighyettp," fßieltrNightFin the House of
Commons," " Health in the Hospital," and
"England and Eroanciliation"."" . For sale
by-'4,rohn lY - iitto:t, : -'3las onto Fifth
Street:
• •
- ttt,-g011,110,4
Child
P rayers
-4 e a t
Hear this simple prayer I offer?
, arelpTme tbi , ht. atd
May Lean right thoughts ab i out-me,
While I 'drive the bad *Rimy,'
tite4elkusli wishes
,IRTfiegigg irpw, little heart
May thenlinSrAßetiviitily Father,
ThirtlFEWVsstalid'kiiidrthott art
That thou ever givest to me
thebidgaiW o thlt
Alb the bircisahotroo,opthe dowers, 4,1
tysAll4huclomis gud-bright sunshine.
*JP ''jgr`teiff
FRI jtve, e tjlsp.me t io„ess thee,„
W. 44 ;
For oUlilyhap simd, and loving,
Can I.know how goodithdtt art.
.11e Idaaglint OW- Words
Nat t a
loug,since cl ass, of,little : boys in a
SalibathfliiiMed i engited -In reciting
tinr 'Mb:k - ' 6.-t:of , tll4l 14.14 .2
which formed '
their lisellonc The d h oti
progreasenoWatluf%Oho 'narrative in
which ; tho, r crot,ititw ''or ti '
,t,. and .the ex
prngsionrofttbl••pripator on bOholdigg.) the
work of Tii.4.loiightr,F l pwcr f rifie - raiied.
Thittracher, at this point, usleddr"And
AltsaMantaNsitetetitt:4l.K‘iiad ,- offlactli
iigtr .A. 4 fititelftn'aireiryears_of age,
4 0 Willl ll ittiras filkiiiffe , ~AlbeWeti . - sticl,
was t a L ;far t itly.l i ke i , Irked
t : ,-%
~e. ir o ,
~. itd fbelb7jyith
____ 1 1 1.41;' ' iiiAilgkekAlci
vivrffl,
renalkid 'ate .Ifugitt.te - idea, 4 ke LanSAreredf
God said, That's well done? The boy
h. ...4d the idea, bait nothhe words.—' Wesleyan
S. - -
Once in • a Sunday School, a very little
girl repeated the twelaty-third Psalm very
well,; and so pleased a visitor who was
present and heard lier, that he kindly took
a shilling from s his„pocket and said, This
is for ybur leasda, my Child."
The child's eye flashed with delight on
what she never, perhaps, had had in her
possession before, and she clasped her hands
tightly over her prin.
" Now," said her father, " I see a great
many, ships open', in this' quarter, though it
is God's day. You must, on no account,
spend that coin in any of them to-day, but
keep it till to-morrow. You understand, I
won't be - eivith you, to see you ;. but There
is One who will ! tsee yen, .and find out at
'once if you break the Lord's day."
The child was silent, but kept looking,up.
in the speaker's face with a dark, tliought
ful
°' rho will See,you?" le asked, after a'
pause. "";
" Myself wil l see me," said the child in
iin ,instant, and with a gesture of pride.
ghe did not• know how noble her answer
yeas; but sbe gave ik,clearly. r and promptly.
Shl would disdain fp lie or deceive, even
when alone. She could never disgrace
herself, though it was only inber own eyes.
That"iiis the simple ausw4 fUll'of 'truth
and honor • ' ' •
Of course the visitor expected her to re-
ply ; 40ood. will see. me." Perhaps, after
all, it came to this, that God i'vaa so at home
in the poor little heart, that she knew no
difference between his eye, and her own
eye. Can each child who reads this say so ?
Is God at home in your heart, and making
it so pure and holy,*that you think it the
most solemn thing to say, ;when- you are
tempted to sin; as that ragged child said,
" Myself .will see me .?"
The greatest of all arts, my young
friends, is learning to think. It is a noise
less, but most effectual method of enrich
ing thernikuritancl storing , * withryne
)
~,• 1
ideas. Air ia lilie p.lieslibu i l.pkeplsOf.ii
s
tore, ompadAtel44446ltaikli drikinbe
sults withouViitise, ted. pellitias witrotite
by men. virmalby , "ealifal , " - 513Teftratifins,
and a spirit cif. inquiry, , it will bring. you -a
better Iretufh; :in future; life fandlrold• Idge; ,
than alTitaxik;4o4,`:Or - 4 , en'tbe - :famdlie
Government " loarc":'.that so-tench is said
about. ' 2 • ' * '
TheTafdtion-of . the - raind ? - *ltfirr thu#L'em
ployeti, Vid . theltriking results attained by,
it, renitUd'nse',lolteledutiful little,fingine
in the.tArillery.a6spripgfiOd. Small in•
corn pli‘es.,4sO4inall . ' £bat 'll4 part"you See',
you can almost spae"ifith'ybui"ghnisD its ,
movents eirthe'ctrrPfediticr br liar
tuuny, and so silent that you can hardly
hear the gliding of wslatft or the falling of
a piston.
Yet you learn, on inquiry, that, connect
ed by a hidden path, it propels all the ma
chinery.of those numerous and vast estab
lishments. It is perfectly astonishing; so
much so that you look on that little silent
worker, in wonder if it can be so 1 But
you will notice, on careful observation, that
it is nicely geared, constantly oiled, beauti
fully burnished, and in all respects kept in
the most perfect order. This, in connex
ion with the superior workmanship of its
original make, accounts for its beautiful
and efficient action. It is just so with the
mind, my younc , friends. It is a most per
fect piece of workmanship, as it comes from
the hands of God. But it is our business
to gear, and oil, and keep it in running or
der. Thus treated, it is capable of great
things; such as the world, perhaps, has' not
yet seen.
But you must see to it that no rust-spots
of naughty, corroding sins get upon the
machinciy, to mar its , beauty and consume
its life; that no friction of passion 'or hurt
ful lusts, is allowed to wear it; that the
jarring or disarrangement of no bad habit
is allowed to destroy the regularity and
perfection of its motion; and last., but not
least, you must see to it that no dust of in
dolence or neglect shall be permitted to
g ither on is surface, or clog atilt impede its
movements, and thus destroy its practical
efficiency.
Now, my young friends, when you see
people making a great noise about their at
tainments, or what they are doing, or intend
t.) do, especially if you find ffaurself at all
given to such display, think of the pro
cesses of nature, how still they are, and yet
how much they accomplish. By " processes
of nature," I mean such things as gravity,
electricity, growth of vegetation, etc., 'etc.
When you are inclined to underrate the
value of thinking, and the power of the
mind; remember the little engine at Spring
field, what force there is in it, and how
much it accomplishes. Then consider how
vastly more powerful and wonderful is the
MIND, the thinking machine, that made it,
and could make others superior, even, to
this.
If you do this, am sure none of you
will esteemlightly the art of thinking, or
be so unwise as to neglect it yourselves.
intended to give you, at this time, some.,
thoughts, which came into my mind the
other day, about the well of Samaria. But
I must not weary your patience, so .I will
try to tell you how I have been " learning
to think" upon that subject at another time.
Truly yours, " tTNerr: Bniq."
istellantous.
The Three Hands.
I was sitting, on a very warm and bright.
Sun:titer -morning, upon a grave-stone in a
church-yard. It was a flat gravestone, ele
vated upon four little pillars; add covering
the I spot.,where sleeps the mortal part of a
venerable clergyman who preceded me in'
my 'parish, and ;who held the charge of it
for sixty years. I had gone down there as
usual, for awhile after breakfast, with a
little companion who, in those days, was
gene,rally with me wherever I went. And'
while she was walking•aboWattended by a
solemn, dog,l sat down the. , sunshine on
the stone, gray with lichen and green with
moss. „I thought ot. the.,,old,g,ontlm
ean,l
who sleptViglow'loeffty "years_ 'l'
wondered if he had sometimes come to the
chureglird 'after Weakfast, heford he he=
,
gan his task 'of sermorr`writing. I reflect,
ed irnw °hie heart, moldered into dust,*was
now,sofree 'from all the little cares and
worries which will find their way into even
the quietest life in the. world.
.And sitting
there, I put my right hand upon the mossy
stone; The contrast of the hand upon the
green surface caught 'the eye of nay-com
panion who was.-not. four years old. She
came slowly a? A ct laid - 'own]
hand besi#e Mitre
,on: the 'nosey' expanse.
Anr after lookiniat it in various ways for
sevital 2ilingtes, 'and cOntrasting l;"er; own
littati , Than&-with the weary one which is
now .thitink'tliiipage;,iihe asked thought..
Cully abAlbubtfiilly, " Was ydurlt6deVer
a, litttlewhani "Yes Said;-
as I Spread it out on the stone and looked ,
at it; " it 4deina a ,v:fry Alert thne 'since
that was a lit el1;01:1.1ike:'164 tl:;:1,J.1 was
a fat little hand; not: the . least like those
thinryfingers - ranct Analey
When It ' - gieW• i rittbar biggeit,lib ' , finger§
had generally various ileep . , ents, got in
`making l'
ing and rigging ships; 'thdso.were the
days 'when intended •to , be,Ta sailor.. It
graIiAMTVY t‘iggPT:i.4 l 4o aP.litt.lerbikii4,l4l
-.44k
==M
A Child's
Leiritig ti Think.
( will do, if 'spared in this world. And now
it has done -a - great - many things: It . has
smoothed 'the heads of Many children, and
the noses of - various horses."
It has travelled, I thought to myself,
alono , thousands of written pages--it has
paid away money, and occasionally received
it. In many things that hand has fallen
short, I thought; yet several`things whieh
that hand found to do, did with its might.
So here, I thought, were , three hands , not
far apart. There was the' little hand.pf
fancy; four daisies were lying nearit on
the gravestone .where it was laid down to
dompare with mine. Then the rather
skinny and not very small hand; which is
now doing the work of life., And a couple
of yards beneath, there was another hand,
whose work was over: It was a hand
which had written many sermons preached
in that plain church; which •had turned'
over the leaves of the large pulpit' Bible .
( very old and shabby) which I turn over
now; which had often opened the door of•
the house where nom ,I And when 'I
,;got up from the;gravestonS, and Was malk
'mg quietly homeward, many thoughts :
came inter my • mind'cancerning growing
old.—Fidser's
Mize itud-Tobieco.
The Indiaw Corn looked,over thilence,
And what do you think:he spied ?
A: field 'of tobacco, jtst readyto - bloota,
And stretching in lordly pride.
To the bread-leaved neighbor at once he called,
In accents•loud and clear,
" I thought you belonged to'a Shinmer clime •,
l'raY,' what are you doing here ?"
So then, with a hauty air, replied
That plant of power and pelf,
" You are pleased to ask of my :business,•Sir—
'What do you do, yourself?"
u I feed'the muscles, andiblood, and'bone,
That make our'farmers strong,
And fUrnishbread for the little ones
That round their table throne?
4 I move in a somewhat loftier sphere,".
The foreign guest rejoined,
As the chosen friend and companion' dear
Of men of wealth and mind.
I'm the chief delight of the gay young spark;
O'er the wise may'sway a hold;
I lurk in the book-worm student's cell—
In the dowager's box of gold.
Thousands of hands at my bidding-work;
Millions of coin I raise"—
He ceased to speak, and in angry mood
Responded the tasseled Maize:
t 4 Yuen in secret league with dyspeptic ills—
A merciless.traitor band;
With clouds of smoke you pollute the air,
'With floods of slime the land.
4 , You tax the needy laborer sore;
You quicken the drunkard's thirst;
You eihaust the soil—and I wish' you'd - go
:To the place whence you came at nrst."
—Selected.
Faith.
When Charles F. imperiously required
the' Confession of Augsburg to be aban
doned, and gave the Protestant leaders only
six months more in which to make up their
minds finally, the cause of the Reformation
was thought hopeless. But Luther ex
clainfed : " I saw a sign in the heavens, out
of my window at night; the stars, the hosts
of heaven, held up in a vault above me;
and yet I could see no pillars on which the
Master had made it to rest. But I had no
fear it would fall. Some men look about
for the pillars, and would fain touch them
with their hands, as if afraid the sky would
fall. Poor souls ! Is not God always'
there ?"—Dr. Gill.
One Thing and Another.
A boy was tempted by some of his com
panions to pluck• some ripe cherries fromn
tree, his father had forbidden him to touch.
" You need not be afraid," said they,
" for if your father should:find out you had
taken them, he is so kind he would not
hurt you."
"That is the very reason," replied the
boy, why I should not touch them. It is
true, my father may not hurt me, yet my
disobedience, I know, would hurt my father,
and that would be worse to' Ine than 'any
thing else!'
A little boy had lived for some time
with a very penurious uncle,"Whcilitis - one
day, walking out, with the child at hiaside,
when a friend accosted him, accompanied
by a greyhound. The little fellow, - never
havinr , seen a dog of so slim and slight a tex
ture, clasped' the creature round the neck,
with the impassioned cry, " Oh, doggie,
I doggie! and div ye, live wi' ' your uncle,
tae, that you. are so thin?"
A fop, just returned from a continental
tour, was diked how he liked the ruins of
Pompeii. "Not very well," was the reply;.
"they .are so.dreadfully out of repair."
A celebrated female writer thus pleads
the cause 'of the 'little girls :—" I plead
that she be not punished as a romp, if she
keenly enjoy those active sports which city
gentility proscribes. I plead that the am
liition to' make her accomplished do not
chain her to the piano, till the spinal col
umn, which should consolidate the frame,
starts aside like a broken reed—nor bow
her over her book, till the vital energy,
which might to pervade 'the *hole - frame,
4nounts into the brain, and kindles the
brain fever."
When red-hot shot are fired, the ord
nance used, is elevated to the position de
sired before the gun is shotted. The pow
der in the gnu is kept friim explosion by
means of the wadding. Between the ex
plosive substance and the heated indas are
generally three layers of wad. That
`against the ball dry,:the second is wet,
and upon the powder 'another dry piece
I rests. The ball is discharged very soon
after beihs plated in the cannon:,
A man who is very rich, now Was very
poor when -he was a boy. When asked
how he got his riches,• he refilled, "My:
father taught me' never to play till my
work was finished, and c never to spend- my
money until I had earned it. If I had hut
One hour's work in a day, I must do that
the first thing, and in an hour, and after
thi§ 1: was allowed to play;' and I then
could play with much,more pleasure than
if I had thelliought of an' untnisheCtask
before my mind. I early formed the habit
of dollar , everything in time, and it' became
perfectly easy to do so. It is to . this I owe
my prospenty.
Agricultural.
The;Pocahontas Fear.,
Mr 13 - 14 'Adains Quincy ;
some beattifOspecimens - ofihistreitr'ltOrre
his father's garden Mr. 'Josiah Adams, of
.the same town;" tided", of,
the finest peais- we have ever, met-i-not , Tan.
Winter, NlitiOn.
their pritne4.hut , ifr 4 ,,liaa 44
'a'
`flavor; is
juicy, and the - best; is veryfine and tender.
The tree is' tither a 'sloW'grOwer;'hut is
very hardy, and
,bears‘ annually. The fruit
is 'of inedimie.size, liell;shaped, and is rus
lseted atiout,,flio,cslyx, and covered nearly
over itsmholii.surfacelwithfine russet dots.-
The original:tree was &Main the 'weodi of
Quincy, by a Mr. Burrill; who took it, horai
with 'the intention -of.grafting -it. He al-
I'lowed it to stand i fhowever; - until it:fruited,
, when,' finding its own' fruit 'Of *rare excel
Ance,
has added in • our judgment—one of the
finest'pektiltd our Hsi' of good dues. -Mr.
Adanis 'Will please accept thanks for calling
our attention to it.—Wcw-England Farther.
The Foot of a Horse.
The•hinnan hand has often'been taken to
illustrate,,Divine wisdom, and , very well.
But have, you ever examined your horse's
hoof? •It is hardly less curious in its way.
Its parts' are
,somewhat etnriplieitted, yet
their d t esiga is simple and - obvious. The
hoof is not, as it appears to the careless•
eye, a mere lump of ,insensible bone fasten
ed te:the.legby a joint. It is Made up of
a series of 'thin layers, or leaves of horn,
about five hundred in number, nicely fitted
to each other and forming a ljning to the
foot itself. Then there are as many more
layers belonging to what is called the
" coffin bene, and fitted into this. These
are elastic. Take a-quire of •paper and in
sert the leaves one by 'one into those of
another qnire, and you will get some idea
of the arrangement ..of the several layers.
Now, the weight of the horse rests on as
many elaitic spring aslhere are layers in
his four feet—about four thousand; and
all this 'is contrived. not only for the easy
conveyance of the horse's own body, but
for whatever burdens may be laid en him..
Colts on o.llard Floor.
Some people state that colts should sten&
on a hard plank floor, in order to toughen ,
them for a hard road. It looks to me like
putting hard, thick shoea on an infant's
foot, to raise corns that will trouble him for
life.
low-Headed Fruit Trees
In trimming fruit trees, we should al
ways be careful to secure the trunk from
the rays of the Summer sun. Solar heat,
by being : leng permitted to come in contact
with the bark, is said to scald the circula
ting fluids, and - thus cause many of the
diseases Which affect fruit trees in this cli
mate. The foliage only should be fully ex
posed-to the influences of heat, for that is
capable 'of bearing `it unharnied, and even
.to profit-by it, when, most intense. It has
been asserted by distinguished terra-cultu
rists, that trees which are permitted to
branch out low—say three or four feet from
the ground—are rarely attacked by " fire
" frozen-sap blight," black spots,
or Other diseases of the bark or limbs.
There is, also, another advantage attend
ing thisTractice. The'soil is kept lighter,
looser, and;more free from weeds,
and there
is no necessity of mulching. The high
winds•pass,. also, almost 'harmless over the
trees, and have not power to twist, rack and
'break the branches or to detach the fruit,
as they do where the 'branches aspire, and
are exposed. A writer on this subject
says : " The trees will he much longer
lived, more prolific, beautiful and-=profits=
ble. They are more easily rid of destruc
tive insects, the fruit, is much less,damaged
by'falling, and the facilities forgathering it
are much greater; there- is less danger in
clikabing, and less' danger of breaking the
limbs. The trees require less pruning,
scraping and Washing—if the two latter are
thought necessary, and the - roots are pro
tected from the scourge of the plow, which
is too often allowed to tear and mutilate
them.
The proper shape for fruit trees is that of
an umbrella reversed. When this shape is
communicated by pruning, the foliage is
more freely exposed to the action of the
solar rays, and to the air, which -ought.al
ways to have a free circulation among the
foliage and fruit. By communicating a
conical form to any tree, although it may
be rather more graceful and elegant in its
effects upon a landscape, we certainly in
jure it in many ways, if looked upon as an
object of profit. The fruit of apple trees
which grows on the interior limbs, where
the surrounding foliage and branches pre
vent the sun's rays from penetrating, and
where the direct influences of heat are
never felt, is, to a 'certain extent, insipid ;
it does not mature thoroughly, and will not;
keep so long or so perfectly as that which
grows on the outside branches,,exposed to
the sun and wind. It also varies so much
in shape—and, especially, in color—that
we have known two plates of apples, se
lected from the same Baldwin tree, one of
.which was pronounced by a skillful fruit
&r ,
ower to be the Baldwin, and tbe other
pate another variety 1 New-England
Farmer.
Cattle.
Cattle of all kinds enjoy themselves and
thrive better in th 3 fields, at this season,
than in close barns. Good cow yards fac
ing East or South, with barns or sheds on
the North and West, to shelter from
storms, are more proper for all kinds of
cattle, till very cold weather comee, than
very tight barns. They lie down.and they
rise with more' ease than when tied to
staunchions; and their udders, ate alWays
cleaner when they can choose their own
beds.
But above , all other considerationa of
profit, let cattle of all ages and races have
a chance to .get a good-share of the ~free at- .
mosphere which our Creator,, in his Wis
dom, has supplied to us without stint or
measure. -
No - subititute, of reart's invention, can
be compared with the fresh breezes which
are continually moving around our planet.
And When man attempts to Make improve
ments on the atmosphere, "he soars above
his reach;" and' soon finds that he was
never required to meddle with elements al;
ready inade perfect for his use.
The attempt of "cute" farmers to
keep their cows too warm for their 'health,'
in order to squeeze out a little more Milk,
in'cool weather May not end in clear : profit',
, For animals cannot' live long, in a healthy'
state, Without Cfull supply of the oiygen
which the air wafts to the lungs, and thus
corrects the 'blood. •
Mr. Piene,iy; of `,Belmont Belmont,: is now fully
satisfied that *his tight barn increased the
fever which his cows 'contracted on Ship
board- Where they had not room io breathe
freely. _ ,
Old Horses.
The Acrm, as, apPlied to horses, is getter
-
ally intended to ,Vol3Vey - not only,the•state
ment of their age being past marks in 'the
:mouth; but alsol the common - iinpresaicin
that comparativeli.they are ,of little.value,
•if past' eight or ;'nine years. Now;ll . we
rightly' understand it, the horsehas net, at;
tained his full growth• and perfection
bodily frame, until he has 'passed this
seventh year i and until gravah is attain-;
ed, he is just aa'unhtted for,extremehird,
labor as a man before arriving at full man
hood. In this cOuntry, the'. Practice Of'
Tutting 'horses to, *work at tic . ° or'three
years, , usually results in their becoming
broken-down, • by'Ver-driving, pr Over-,
'straining, 'before key have, attaipsdk
loess of muscle, tmdloapabilityifor , etidullitir
Thus it h",hati'holAcs - 0 4 :40ftik u
.wi '.,rendered ,vlkl44l4esi
,before. they, have id-truth arrived at-an cage
- of full powlrs- andetidiirance, =We'have,'
owned number %cher/see and whenever.
we have had: ne **Arid , not been injured
before - arriving at •lialfOrity,, 'We hive
him more' - capable„ofhierforinin,g regular
labor at from ten ftwfifteen, (tan , those:of
four to seven yelve:' In our
` opinion s „
Therefke; iblieeiAttibn, we
'consider the horse inthis prime =at from
nine to thirteen yeirrs
membering 'that previdni , hia
tainedjus,growth, says at seven years, the
has not 'been , over-drifetilstraitiedheOth
erwisa;injured by reaeit 9 7:140
food or . abuse 2214 u), 2214 u), Azirenter.4
J 05. as et 141-4.,4 itS`r?
CU
THE IIJANOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD CO., HAVE FOR SALE
1,200,000 ACRES OF RICH FARIMG
In Tracts of Forty Acres and upward, on Long Credit 'at "Ar
FA Rs & 14701133WG MEN.
THE attention of the enterprising and industrious poi ,
-Ltion of the community is directed to the following
statements and liberal inducements offered them by the
bENTEAL RAILROAD COMPANY,
which, as they will perceive, will enable them, by pro
per energy, perseveronce and Industry, to provide com
fortable homes for themselires and families, with, com
paratively Speaking, very little -capital.
LANDS OF ILLINOIS
No State in the Valley of the leiwiSslppt offers so great
tit inducement to the setter as the State of Illinois.—
There is no portion of the world where all of the condi
tions of climate aid soil so admirably combine to pro;
*ace those two great stonics, CORV1:111d WIFILLT 7 as the
Prairies of IllinoW.
THE 801'tT13111231 PART
V' the Etats • nes within - the - zone of the cotton' regions,
-wale 'the is artmlrably e.daptad to the zroWth of
- tobacco and'herapi and the whit worth ficimllfteen
to twenty 'Cents more per bushel than that raised
further north.
RICIE ROLLING PMUS!MB LADS.
The deep rich loam orthe prairies is cultitiated - with
such:wonderful facility that the farmers of the Eastern
and Middle States are moving to Illinois in great num
hers. The area of Illinois is about equal to that of
England, and the soil is so rich that it will support
twenty millions of people.
EASTERN MID SUM= IMICETS
Theselan.ls'areobatiguons to availmad 700 miles in
length; which tomteets With other roads, and: naviga
ble kkes and rivers, thee Wording tra . uniiroken com
munication with the 'EasterimatiSoathern markets..
LtP'PLICATION OF CAPITAL
Thus far, capital avid laborhavo been applied to de
velOping the soil; the 'great 'resources of the State In
coal arid teoliare altnestentenehed. 'The hwatitiblo'rule
that the loiciiirinical artbilotiriefie best where food:end
fuel are climpost, will follow at an early day
and in the ceivree of the neat ten year's the' natural
laws and necsitics of the ease warrant, the belief that
at I rast five hundred thousand people will lie engaged
the State of Illinois in various. Manufacturing em
ploreents.
xpautom) sYsTRK.OF ILLINOM
Oxer'''sl.lio,ooo',6o9 of piivate , eiiiiital bkvi biien 'ex,
pealloi nil ilie rallrUad systeth
part. Or ilia l'...ronae troiri spreril iliesq Scorl ,with
a, valuable public fuild in lands, go Axi'dintinish
Stain . F.xpenses, tiIe. TAXES A= , ZIGICT; and must, conse
quently every clap deuretise.
THE &TATBITT
the State Debt is only $10,186;89814, and within - the
last threeyeais has been reduced. $2,959,746 80; -and
may reasonably expect' that le ten years ittvill be
&me eithiet.
Pamphlets descriptive et , the lands, soil, climate, prOductions, prices,- and tarma-of payment, can he had
on application to
For the names of ,Ithe 'Towns, Villages and Cities situated upon-thnbil
nois Central Itailroad, ssee pages 188, 189 4 190 .ariisie4li 9 s
GUIDE.
Elk 0 V Ak. L .
BOARD OF
41040011LmrcomIlhimitrigile-,
.
OF THE
Synods of PittOurgh and Allec M teny
'neingiemoved their Book Rooms - to RENSHAW'S NEW
31IIHANDIG, No 57 Hand Street,=two doors from Liberty,
take pleasure in:inviting your attention to the Annexed Oat
aloguele hooks .comprised in their stock, and hope for a
conticruziace of your
JOHN CULBERTSON, Librarian.
TreaMirer. •
Nataburgh, Apr111;1851.
LIST OF 'PUBLICATIONS
Constantly On hand and for"Baleat 'the
ot
Book' llooinit the'Baardof:Colpart
oge,.No. 57 Hand St., PittsVh :
All the - issues of unr own, viz.: the Presbyterian'. Board of
IPublication as soon as they come .from the Press. Also a
good Bedell:ion from It:'Oarter & Brother; Appleton & iCo.;
lAppenetat & Co.; Scribner '• Nelson &Bone ; Sheldon d'Oo.;
idartien; Gould 4k Lincoln; American TracfSobiety; Amer
ican E. S. Union- Massachusetts B. S. Society. :
Particular attention, paid to filling orders for Sunday
School Libraries. A full nd" complete stock kept on hand
at all the A.. aPIS
T E4g
T -E A ! !
,
T A!
WHODESALE AND RETAIL. .
• -
.T.
.
StieCt,2 . PiUslifigh, •
'WAS FOR SALE A
ChoiceSeleation iOF
GR IM AND . :BLACit TUS f t+
"
RIO, DAGUATRA AND 'JAVA COFFEES ;
NEW'ORLEANS AND EEPINEVRCOARE; '
N D.:moiissps AND EXTRA' HONEY SYRUPS
With an OuHnaiy etceteras: '
;a- Orders by mail iirenitAly attended 'to; and careffill
fm-wartiPd.
JOHN -, A. — RENSISCAW,
. .
Family - Grocer and . Tea 'Dealer,
Takes pleasure in announcing to his friends and mutter°,
that he has recently removed to the new and spacious w
house,'
of, Liborfy ffirad•Streeto
(A few doors iibote his otd sttutd,) ' *
And having laity biereased his stoelr:hi recent, &telt
tidw offertito the public the most extensive enecoMplete`
soitmerit toire found in this; aty, or • •
CHOICE 'FAMILY GROCERIES,
Foreign and Domestic Fruits,. Teas, Sldoes, Picklea and
Sauces-Preserved Fruits in great tatietypeish, Hams, Dried
ECM; Au., :besides an assortment of Domestic Housekeeping
articles; thus conatitutinga Housekeeper'sEmporium,irhere
most all articles that are useful or necessary for • the ?silly
sell matlie Unrchtuled at iiiasnahle price . s. • •
.. 4 'irir'WHOLESALE AND RETAIL...Oi •
Catalo&ae containing an 'extended list rof lay sleek fur
ialehed by until, if desired.. _
, ,701111 A. ittiisukw,
aptly Cur. Libarty and 'cited Sts..-Pittsbnteh.
R 0 ' . - * F N Agr
WILLIELA2. JOHNSON,
(Late SATES & JOIEV.SoN4 - ,
Sole Manufacturer' and Dealer lathe' ng • threefiistinet
Mods of Roofing::
let. Gum /Gestic cement, Felt and Cauvas.Reofin.
U. Itirteniired Felt, Cement arid Mire' RoOfing.
Ski. PatentEralgits'h Aisfilialtive Nit Roofing. s-
Alt..,),Nrsualtot Water . , .erfvf, - and -Warranted.
Roofin , g.filaterial for"sale, sale, with printed instruction's far
teeing.. .
par—ollitis'aißenss & .TotritsonNfold stand, • '
- 78)81inithIlleld fitreeti Pittsburgh. Pa.
N. B;-9Niiit'OEIN CEPS:ONT unequalled as paint:for
Metal Roofs,. lasting twice as long,.and cheaper then common
paint; also es aipaint to prevent dampness in Brick ; Walls.
dee:l4i" """••' • • ' 40ENgoN. •
VIET-EINVI4IE,THE ATTENTION OF
v PECELADMLPHI& •
Heise ee g::.Dry Geods, ore.
where found inaxbe' a 4 argerassartment : kinds Gds , tin ui r l ynt 4 i4g 4 0 Ilger
unable wn,fil otwocKitt Jointing artinipi k in Ter
rictus pi , I 'lsf 'xiiiegivitig dux ou` to
tide kintine lb. 4.tnltisionbrgregerinlliality•
' we canyenknintsemmp's4eoreeki styles Air bathe molt *atm
me in the market. • , '
. ;• .; LlOnjor 00S, ~ „ •
• We aro abltineelgrf4iteafferactiort, being thp
tabiishtilliii %Toren': itie city .; - and haling been fo r iron
than twentri;Airnireglilar inipottet4 Mint soneeiljt•Clqb±het
piannfactrarerelnjrelaild. l We offer Mae; e•litge atednor•
. -
''FLANNELS AAND:IIIIII3ILMS
of the bast: 46E116 bfitain#4, eta at - the !et.Sritivrest
prices. Also, ankettyQuilts; Blieeti ap t .19eithigs; 'Damask
Table Clothe, andHarkins ,
Dkays" Huoicabasks,
'table iiiid - Piaifii - Covers, Liainaake and Morena; Lace and
!detain Curtains, Dimities Furniture Chintzes Whidiiir
ke, 4c. -4.11 N itzw, •
• s, corner of:Chestnut ; and Seventh-Sta.,
,
•
MERCHANTS' - HOTEI A = : -=
4 6, ,, N o F ourt-h Stkreet
. 41 ,
"trtc, e4so,
186
Wl}
g
SST *
illrf er r 's/a.'
• _
raEBENT 'PortthaTlON.
The State' 113 raifidly Ming With .potion-, ,
I.Bstionalzing
868,025 persons having beeiraddsid since:
the present Population-1,723,663; sratiO of 102 per.
in ten years.
,
XGRIOLVIRAL PROttIICM .
• •
The Agricultural Products of Opole are greater titan,
those of any other State. The Prodacta sentient dialog
the past year exceeded 1,500,000 tons. •Thealteat Crop
of 1860 approaches 554000,000 of hushOls, .rhile the
corn crop yields not less than 140,00,000 bosels..,
. . _
. .
FERTILITY OR TJEWSOIL
Nowhere can the industrious faruter seessFirstreh
mediate reiniis foihis labor as upontbesePiairioneils;
they being compesed Of a` deep, rich loam, thole
rtitity
of .which is unsurpassed by any on the glebe. •
TO ACTUAL 01JLTIVATORIL
• . ... . . .
Sincel.Bs4; the company sold 1;30. 7 000, acres,.
They sell only tit actiial'eultiistras, and every contract
containi . an, agreement to 'neatly - Me. ' Ilk , ' road 'has
been constrectedihrotigh-thme lailds atsm eaoeiatM of
$30,000;080. In 1850, "the peqPnlation Of PM,' fOrtg-nitte
cotinties thiough which It passes; was Maly '33008,
since which . 470* have' been 'ailiOti; iiWrilig : the
whole poimiatinn - 81.4,891 La gain of 148 per ceat
EVIDETWES .01 . PROSPIZBITY.
As an' evidence of flie , thrift of the people; itmay bo
stated that 600;000:torm of fre,ight;ssoluditg 8;600,000
bushels of grain and 250;000 barrels Of tour; were for-:
warded over the line last year.-
, ~..
.
' ' 13mg*Tiorr.
Mechanics and workingmen will the fresi School
. . ,
system encouraged by the State , and endowed with a
large revenue for the support of setials. ' ttlear'Clfili.
dren can live in sight:of the church' - and atiekiTheilie;
and groW up with the prosperity of 6 . 6l6atlins 'thateiri'
the Great 'Empire. -
PRICEL.)I4TD TEHIP OF kiithilitri..
The prices of these lands yam from $e Ms 23 per
..
acre, according to location, quality, &a, first-claw:
farnag lands sell for aboak WO or $l2 per acre csulif
the relative expense of sob4ning prairie lanii'ad .oiii;
1
i pared with woodland is M. the ratio of i tole. iii'firivi
of the former. The terms. of sale for the 4iiinAt these .
lands will be
. ,
ONE 'YEWS TNTEREST ANVANEEL.
at six par neat per ertnore;'eFid'Aii Iritefest iiehis at six
pe . Dent , payabWiii one, :two, thlree,'''fode;
sii years frail() 'dam: , of stile ; Ond:foue ridtbSfor prinet:
pat, payable in Pilaf, Jive sii. and' seven.-frana
dale of sald the contraebt ipulatig that tine-teatli' of
the teeetlierellased shalt bo fenced - and' oultiVicied,
each and • every year fot five years - from -the ',dor or
sate, so' that at the end of Ilya rears; Shaß
be fended and hider •ealtivation.
wEiv LY PES CENT. WILL tE-Ditotr'disn:.
,
from the valuation for eps4, except the same should,
beat six defiers per acre when the cash price 4rfif
five dollars.
43 - - - PT- Pt.)Brl l Ml=l,- Land CommissiDner,
CrinCAGO, 'ILLINOIS
qPRINO STYLES FOR
Gentlemen's .Grarinents,
In great variety; embracing in pvt,,a large and well-se
lected stock of Fancy French and English
CASSIMERES AND COATIPIOS, I
Together with .as , nee an assortment of Black and Colored
CLOTHS AND TESTlNGS,usthemainiel' Vurope
can produce; which are adapted bathe wants of gentlemen of
taste, who appreciate style and-quality in clothing..,.
SAMUEL OttiF LSI,
Marla-1y ' 'N6.19 *Mb' Flttebnrirh.
T ARRANT'S
Effervescent
'6,ErtZZIPSA . ANPZEICEI3I4 . 724
This 'venal:de receiied
' the most lissosable.recoratnendations sof
Profession. and the . - inblie as the most
abut and agreeable
Saline Apenen . -
It maybe used the lbest effest in
BILIOUS'AND , PEBRILE DISEASES,
COSTIVENESS, 'SICK:HEADACHE, NAUSEA
LOSS - OF APPETITE; INDIGRSTION,4OIDIT'f
•
OF THE - STOMACH, TORFLDITY .OE-THE•LIVER,
GOUT, RHEUMATIC AFFECTIONS, „GRAVEL, rims,
ADD COMPLAINTS moms.
A Gentle 'and' 'Cooling • Aperient •arlPPargatire - is
•
-Required: - •
It is particularly adapted to - thowants of 'Travelers by Sea
rind Land, Besidents in Hot Climates, Persons Of Sedentary
Habite,•lnvidillii and Cenvaleacentei - Captains of 'Via' eta. and
Planters , wilk• find it• ;a 'valuable 'addition totheirMedichte
It is in the Imp of a Porider, carefully lint'up in:bottles; to
'keep m any climate, and 'Merely - To:Mires Water
" ^poured upon it, to produce st•delightfal—
• • ,• effervescent beverage. ,
Numerous testimonials froui,prp t essional and other gen
tlemeis'of itlie 'highest standing throughtinethOarinntry,'-and
its steadily,increasing popularity for.ri aeries of years, strong
ly guarantee its efficacy and valuable character, and, com
mend it to the favorable notice of an intelligent public.
TAARA lq r r'S
, CORDIAL ELMER 'OF TURKEY RHUBARB
„
This beautiful ,preparation, ,from the TRUE ,TURKEY
RHUBARB, has the approval i and sanction of 'isibiniorour
best Physicians as a valuable rind faierite ” •
Pain e leme
And is preferable to any others form in viiiicliSßhubarli is
admi Watered, either for Adults" or Children, It cont.
biped insa manner to make it at once - palatable ..to
the taste and efficient in its operation.
it PR V„E D, EN D rift E WIC ,
FOR MARKING tINEN, MUSLIN, SILK, - .ETC.„ his been
proved; by many years' expetience,lo bOthe beat; nicistr
manent and reliable preparation ever offered to - the Pu bic.
The, superiority of this article is acknowleftell by all, and
purchasers and dealers will find it' tOtheir interest to "give it
a preference over - altalinilar 'preParatitins.
Manufactured only by • • s .
• . • • JOHN A—TARRANT:AtMi., Druggists,
No Greenwich St, Ser. Warren St., liew 2 Y - nrk.
And for Sale by Druggists generidly• • ' jrite22-1
111FARTUPEE Sc , -CO.
Cumin OF pitir AND 'Etmai'ffiramms, YTMBBBiBHr PA.
• •
• ••
d
Steam Engin - 4 *taoifiriery - an
Also, of STILLS, 'TANKS, ()fixer
' 'Oct-1443,
pITTSBURGII
lt AND 11111.3 i•
A FIBST-OLA.SS'OtiItE,
In its sixth year: 'Room for over onoinnidnid pitliinta
air , Send for Circular, to
my 1V
. . ...
.. ~
TT,IL„ I:ll.lSTlM'Or'lk. GitBAIT PEOPLE.
CHARLES
12 ~ g OB4BNR E, , . . :
. 4... .. ,
irci: 4 41i,Aiip STREET , ' itEveliofts. : •
“ •Wm publish' in a few 'days - \
THIS 'REMARKABLE *RENCrBOOK.
The Uprising of . a , Great , Peoplc
._,,... . . .
THE UNITED STATES Tit . 'lB6l. *,
By Count de Giarimiin. - Translated. by - MBA - Booth. 3.•• y ea.,
. • - 12 tini4 7 5*Orits. ' -'i '• -- -
lectua The N ew
- cry - Thass Says aut.; d Tliti , thorcitiA inter
'mastery of the subject determince the qualit,y-ot the
book, the moral warmth which Funs latent through it (break, -
ins at times into an elotence Which 'YeirlY. buttes - -Lztakea
iteowet ftoin the' weight'othie - facto eitcPthe foil% kg' his
logic:: -Thetele in his trtiatment or thotineetion, $w
oration that carries with it conyineirta force?! . ..
The NtitV‘Tork en:irig"it . evir: “Tt iii-lhe eriMitbiSok
which:hits lig(M•written :n .p •on ' - MitekieWign`cetlNCTori q ,' iiille.
* -;, *rapAntriFiSblefferAtefintenflPset.Otiatagbtlf'ite
logi •,e0a,A.,4 I#4ol)kneeeste. Finvava , , ~„ ~, , ,,..,L . ,,i 4 .: t
Fromthe lie4r-cirkTermine:• •-wiatratfth*of tmma. that
we erVrildille,inftiiiittfoohirag takiaiselvierhiglotir
right in:thettimgAttialounk-axottsgas on ntimmtla,.-;,A*l
this Work been written but alew...weeke ago, it.coalornot
,he
more apt to the thne than it ie..' -- '- - . • - ....t. .-.' -. '
, t: S. "Wilr alsoliiibifah;taiintWilityr:
LIFE OFGENERALWINFIECEI -SCOTT.
....
By .7",' 7. Jleadley: 'With a iinir Portrait Mi Bteel: t vol.,
• ' i - -- nein.? 75' 6ents.'” ' - '*"
• This Biography is full aUdiritlithitic' the 'Materials foi: it
having been, derived Trost public; don/inns tad ;front :vlany
officemwho have. served-,under,:hlm, :An thiework Willa*
ibund a,faithful-aml.ilmphic description et the brillientlat.
flee iii Wiiiil% Gen, leeett I,!te bi:eii eriterieed.
- ''
r! IC,It •O''N a r „ L
Forßkillitimk r'axitTkotlor a y
81111:14/4E1044i ILLOMINATINEt 4:lXLS,Oolvsin
nkarket.; It will two to all' stylea of cola oil lanip,B44:
rand e`aleby eedy BaSe, end to* front orinialti mor. .Tiloou.* um d
mActitQlNasr.
rd -
R. PREABE,
Plfbiburgh, Pa-
fp 4 THEY GO RIGHT TO THE;
SPOT."
-INSTANT RELIEF!
STOP YOUR COUGH
PURIFY YOUR BREATH !
STRENGTHEN YOUR VOICE I
isitmA,Ariiiv - irm • Gr
rsalte4w
CoNFECTIONS,
11311
GOOD FOR OLBROYMEN,
GOOD NOR LECTURERS,
`G(IOIS''FOR liUBZIG SPEAKERS,
GOOD FOR_SING:ERS,
GOOD FOR CONSUMPTIVES
GENTLEMEN"' oAitILY
.s! :1 - I'-` •
.SPATAPINV
ffIN2
tutelitt-4otine'riotis,
LADIES ARE DELIMITED:WITH
SPALDING'S
MEE
THOAT -, ..dttsrEcvoss.,
CRILtiREN CRY .FOR
"gPA
,ilul.i)'ll - ,.z .:4;17;elli
MOAT 'CONVECTIONS.
710 y Couir,h,tl7.
They dear the Throat.
They give ieliengtit and.vol4e to,tite voice.
Th ey:imPar"ilielicionkarontalto , the breath.
They are aelightial-tote hwte.
They are made otaimple besba sled can hum
say One.
gliitis 14i7012eivtko bite's" b 51412; or 'a Take,
: iielitiViiSciit* of the' , Thing, to g°
. . _ .
a rictage of lar'Throst — Otinfeitiontit tidy 'llllll relieve you
instantly, welr 'Me V "they go- rigb:
tothe spot." You will lied there Very
„,:esetul and pleasant
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