:.
MIMI=
Vresllltrian 'attittr.
PITTSBURGH, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER St, 1860.
In — flaring purchased or our office the "Right" to Use
Acoountantand...pt . spateh Pattnt; all, or nearly all,
of or subseriber's now hurt their paperiaddressed to them
regularly by a sinpridariy Unique machine, which fastens
on Me white margin. a mall adored "address stamp." .or
late, whereon appears their name p/itintyprintedjonowed
by, the date up to which they haveplaid foe their impers—this
being authorised by an Act of' Cnifress. The date will
always be advanced on Me receipt of subscription money,
in Fact aecorduace with the amount set receired, and thus
be an ever-ready and Maid receipt; securing to every one,
and at all times. a perfect knowledge of his newspaper ac
count, so that i f any errorls made he can immediately de
tect Art and have -it corretted—n boon alike valuable! to the
publisher ond subscriber, as it must terminate oil painful
mianneterithndinuk between them respecting accounts, and
thus tend, topw:petelate their important relationship.
Those in arrears wilt please remit,.
Weiiern Theological Seminary.—Forty
eigt new students have already entered
this institution the present term.
Presbyterial Plarratives. 2 —The Stated
'Clerk's of the Presbyteries of Ohio, Red
stone, Blairiville, and Saltsburg, will please
forward immediately the Narratives 'of their
Presbyteries to the undersigned, Chairman
of the 'Synod's Committee on the Narrative,
at Uppei SL Clair P. 0., Allegheny Coun
ty, Pa. GEORGE MARSEIALL.
P. S.—The Narrative of Clarion Presby
tery has been received.,
' The True Witness and Salina—Tinder
this title our contemporaries at New-Orleans
and ,Meipphis, hare united. We wish
the journal great success.; It will be:issued
at the two cities, one editor residing
each. The joint subscription will likely
.sustain the paper, and justify improvements;
and' the South-West, from Tennessee to
Texas, is sufficiently 'homogeneous to be
partners in the same religioas journal.
A Secretary to be Eleeted.—we are in
formed:—that . the Board of Education
resolved, at' their last stated meeting, to
elect a successor to the late Dr. VAN Itrists-
BELAER at their, next meeting, on the first
Friday in October, and in order to this,
have issued 'notices to alt the members. We
trust that the Board will be directed in
their Choice, by wisdom from on high.
The head of the Church's department for
the edacation .of her ministry, should be
truly and eminently a man of God.
The Edneator.—The fifth number of Vol.
11., of this excellent monthly, published in
our city, is now on our table. :The Educa
tor is an Octavo of thirty-two pages. Its
paper and style 'of execution' are fully
equal to the best periodical . Which we re
ceive. The editorial department displays
much ability. It i& sound in principle,
and advocates the' best practical rules.
The;price is only one dollar a year. We
can most heartily commend it to teachers
and parents. It is conducted by Rev. SAM
UEL FINDLEY.
A Mother Mead
s•—_m
rs. CATHARINE NA
rtzit, of St. Louis, Mo., asks the benevo
lent to assist her in redeeming a child from
bondage. The mother of Mrs. N. was a
slave, and she, of course, by Southern law,
was a bond woman, though she might
almost pass for a white *oman. She, with
a son, was sold into Missouri. =Her master
gave her time to coiled money to buy her
freolom. She is now endeavoring to raise
funds to pUrchase her child, tt. boy of
twelve years of age. Those who know the
yearnings of a parent will not be slow in
helping to relieve this suppliant.
REV. J. LEROY DAVIES.
Mr. DAy'rE,s died in York District, 8. C.,
on the 16th of June, in the sixty-first year
of his age. He was a pupil of the Prince
ton Seminary, and a laborious minister.
The Central Presbyterian says :
" Mr. DAVIES was an able and orthodox
Divine. As a preacher he was animated
and. graceful in his delivery. With a com
manding, person. a clear and well modula
ted voice, he seldom failed when he rose to
speak, to rivet the attention of his audience..
His dinourees were often exegetical, bring
iitg out and enforcing the strong points of
Calvinistic doctrine contained , in the Word
of God. The first ten or fifteen years of his
ministry seem to have been his best. Sel
dom a sacramental meeting passed without
numbers being added to the church. Du
ring the eleven years of his pastoral charge
of Catholic (?) church, over two hundred and
fifty persons were added to the communion
of the church."
THE BANNER-I NEW TOLIIIIIE--NEW AT
TRACTION,
This is the first number of a new vol
ume ; and we think our patrons will admit
that every promise made at the beginning
of the larit volume has - been more than ful=
filled. New awl beautiful type has been
procured, additional variety, has been given
to our reading matter, and- our unsurpassed
European Cdriespondence, has been as in
teresting as ever.
We enter upen a new volume encour
aged by past success, with a determina
tion to do our duty to our patrons, the world,
and the Church, according to the best of
our ability, and looking to our friends for
a generous and hearty support. For the
present volume it is our purpose to furnish
our readers with the same excellent Euro
pean Correspondence; to continue our East
ern Summary; to present a great variety
in our Editorials, treating not only of
things pertaining to the Presbyterian
Church or of the Church at large, but dis
cussing 'subjeota of general and practical
interest from the Christian stand-point;
along with Correspondence from different
parts of our Church and country, a com
pendious statement offoreign and domestic
news, and careful selections for the general
reader and the fireside.
In addition to, this, we have arrange
ments for 'a series of articles, entitled
RECOLLECTIONS OP FOREIGN TRAVEL, by
Rev. J. J. MARKS, D.D. These RECOLLEC
TIONS will have special reference - to Egypt,
Syria, and the Holy Land,. Which were
'thoroughly twersed and carefully studied
by Dr:MARKS. The present state of things
in Syria will uittike this series particularly
attractive and, aluable ; fOr Dr. MARKS has
kept himself well,reaci up on the progress of
events there, and will give our readers not
only the past, but also the present of that
deeply interesting country. As a matter of
course, this involves us in very considerable
extra expense; but we trust that pastors, eld
ers, members of our churches, and others,
will interest themselves to ruinnnerate us for
our efforts to minister to `their 'eUtertain
,ment and instruction,
u .pr int a cme extra,copies f or new sub
seribere
COTTON, COLONIZATION, CHRISTIANITY.
Cotton has gotten to be one of the ruling
powers. For a long time religion reigned
in the civilized world—it was not evangel
ism, not truth in her purity, but truth and
error mixed, the error being immensely
prevalent----it was religion as exhibited by
the Papacy. As Romanism declined, , di
plomacy as a rival and supplanting 'power,
rose and flourished. Trade then advanced
its claims, ascending the diplomatic chair
and demanding a promitient place in every
international arrangement. It has for
years, been dominant, and is likely to' 'en
joy a long lease of power. But trade itself,
must be under control. Some of its
branches, and articles come forward with a
superiority and importance' which make
the general course .of traffic bend, to and
obey them. Just now cotton is king, and
the monarch reigns in pride.
This king's seat of empire is the United
States. He came to his - royal prrematives
in a republic. He has, 'for a score, or more
of years, protected this country from in
sult and molestation. There have been
several little bickerings with England, and
some bravado, and sortie important questions
calling for decision, and even some national
honor at stake. But King Cotton said to
our rival, Be still. Bear it all. Yield 'as best
you may, but yield you must. I forbid all
breaches of the peace. And . Encdand came
to
terms. The fact is, she cannot possibly do
without cotton. Without, cotton; her fac
tories musty stop, her people starve or emi
grate, her trade decline, her revenue feil,ler
army and navy diminish. • Her power! and
influence as the Queen of the world must
cease.
But if King Cotton found the first seat
of his power with us, we must not hence
conclude that 'he will :ibide with us forever.
It may be that he will emigrate, and fix his
throne elsewhere: He is a great friend to,
dark complexions, white as he _is. The
masses ofinett, the millions whom he em
ploys, and who are indispensable to, his
power, are negroes; and his dwelling place
must be in a elimate of givat warmth, and
on a soil Of much fertility. • .
Nov, is there any likelihood of a change
in his seat of power ? Is there a land
more extensive than our cotton States, and
where there are twenty times the number
of negroes, and where there is the, requisite
warmth , and, fertility ? There is. It is
Western Africa. Our Southern States, our
politicians, statisticians, the whole country,
may look to this subject. A rivalship in
the production of cotton, and esPecinlly a
rivalship which would drive us from the
foreign market, would produce immense
changes. in the country. This rivalship, if
not imminent, is at last indicated as possi
ble, is almost certain, and at a not very far
diEltant
THOMAS CLF.GG, of, Manchester, Eng
land, a gentleman of intelligence andex
perience, stated lately at a public meeting:
"During his first year's operations in
getting cotton from Africa, all his efforts
only produced 235 pounds, but in 1858 he
got 219,618 pounds ; and, he saw from, one
of the London papers of 'the previous day
that not less than 3,417 bales, or 417,087
pounds, were received'from• the West Coast
during 1859 This rapid increase in the
early iiistory of the movement, showed that
Africa was the place that could grow cot
ton and that African§ were the men who
onglit to grow it. Mr. BAZLEY estimated
that we now require 1,000,000,000 pounds
of cotton' for our manufacturers. Other
estimates, varying in amount, swelled the
total to 1,250,000,000 pounds; and when
we observe how - mills were increasing, and
remembered that he had himself ridden a
horse which drove some of hilfather's ma
chinery, and that he was present in a con
sultation with his eldest brother, his father'a
overlooker,` and others, at which it was de
cided that if they put down another card
ing engine and two' throstles - they Would
certainly overstock the market, (laughter)
—when these things were remembered, it
would be seen that it was utterly impossi
ble at all to estimate what cotton we should
require ten years hence.
" There was no part of Africa of which
he had heard where cotton did not grow
wild; there was no part of the world ex
cept India, perhaps, in which cotton was
cultivated v where, it `was not sought to ob
tain Africans as cultivators. Wild Afri
can cotton was worth from 10. - to 2d. a
pound more than the wild produce of India;
cultivated cotton from the West Coast was
worth on an average, as much as New-Or
leans. and could be produced `for very much
less than New-Orleans possibly could be.
He. would undertake that good _African
cotton could belaid down free in. Liverpool
at 4id. per pound ; that it should be equal
to New-Orleans, and at, this moment such
cottoli was worth probably 6itl. per pound.
He looked upon this question, as affecting
not only the_success of missions, but es af
fecting also Ahe eternal welfare of the Afri
cans tind the
, temporal welfare 43f ,our ,own people." „
And a late number of the Libeiia Her
ald
. gays : '
" The groWth of cotton,,one of the most
invaluable products in the' - commerce. of
the world, is rapidly increasing at the Gold
Coast, which, as' yet, is the only part or
this continent where its cultivation as an
article of exportation has received much
attention. The cotton raised at' the Gold
Coast, from its superior quality, sells in'
the extensive cotton markets Of, England
for 13 to 17 cents per pound.
" The cotton raised at the Gold Coast,
and indeed in all other parts of Africa, is
of acknowledged superiority to that of the
United States most generally raised--.-the
upland cotton; and even equal, if not su
perior to the United'States best and most
merchantable, known as the sea island' cot
ton. If then the African cotton be, not to
say better, but even equal in. quality to
that of the United States, there remains
nothin g e , else in the competition of the two
trades but price and quantity. For not
always the best, but Ofteritimeethe cheapest
and most readily supplied article meets
with the, beet sale;' but a combination of
the three requisites, quality, price and
quantity, will always influence the mar
ket.
"That cotton can be raised in Africa
cheaper than in 'thee United States, we
deem it needles to enter into any argument
to prove. in other countries, where there
are free men and slave pied, it may be a
debatable question as to the greater cheap
ness of slave labor over that of free, or
vice versa, but in Africa the question ad
mits of no- debate. No Sane person can
doubt as to whether or not cotton, and
fact any other possible thing, Can be raised'
here cheaper than in the United States."
What changes will take place, when Li
beria takes rank as a first class cotton grow
ing country I How important that, good
colonists go there, and that a good govern
ment shall 'have , its establishment , there;
and the Chrietiai religion be 'planted"init
cherished there,.
This thought 'gives vast 'importance to
thel colonizatiaii efforts' of. Azaeriean Christ
PRESBYTERIAN BANNER.---SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1860.
tians. Benevolent men hive planted a
colony of free colored., persons in Liberia,
Western Africa. Christianity has been in
this the stimulating and sustaining influ
ence. That Colony has established a free
government, after the model of that of the
United States. There are schools and col
leges there; newspapers are there, from one
of which we' quote above; ministers,
churches, and mission stations are there:
The colonists possess some five hundred
miles of 'the sea cast,*and back, of, them is
a great cpuntry, populated, fertile,
*pro
ductive. It is an immense and most prom
ising field for evangelical enterprise. It is
the margin, and a niaritime,Margin of the
country, where, as above noted, the prinia
ry article of trade is likely to have,its main
seat of production. Christians now have the
start in possession, government, :literary
and religious influence: "Will they keep it,
and improve it,, to the glory 'of the Kilig of
HOME VS. CHARITY.
We have twoso-classes of, duties to ;per
form, the one having reipect to ourselves,
the other to our neighbors. These seem to
be antagonistic. Many esteem then to be
really so. But, properly viewed, there is
no anti&onism. ' We are approved of God
and happy in conscience, only-when we at
tend to both,. and to.each. in due prepor
tido. The man who' attends only to •the.
one class is selfish and despicable.' He who
is entirely absorbed in the' other, denies
the faith,'ind is worse than an infidel.
Let us apply this thouht to the hiiihl
ing of Ohilrehes—Froviding churches for,
ourselves, and helping the destitute.
Every people should have a church—a
honSe for God, a place where to assemble
for worship, in
, Comfort, at all, seasons of
the year. It should be sufficiently late
for the accommodation of themselves, with
-a little 'MOM for strangers. Its style of ar
chitecture, its'appearance and finish, wheth
er it be the log cabin or the palatial edifice,
Should be chaste. Its,materials and adorn
ings, should correspond with, the means of
those who,build, and with the customs of
the place—a: little above private residences,
and not aping the magnificence of State
structures, pr the ,sPlendor of, halls of,
those Worldly associations, who erect •edi
fice S -for pride, and to attract the magnates
of the earth: A poor PeOple will hence
build a honk. of worship at a small cost •
and a rich• people will show their high es
timate of the things of Gad, by their liber
ality toward the temple which they erect,
where to place, his name 'and meet ' him in
worship.
Illiberality in building houses of ,wor
,
ship is, we think, among Protestants, the
rule ; excessive expenditure 'is the excep
tion. But suppose a people Stimulated to
the buildino , of a house for God, lane. com
modious, tasteful, splendid, we note two or
three things :
1. Be liberal of your means, but do hot
gh beyond your ability. Avoid debt It
isboth, unwise and injuribus to say, We
build for posterity; they are to have the
benefit, and let them pd . * tot; it. We mist
consider that posterity will have enough to
do, without paying, our debts. • ,Better by
far, to, pay; the, debt ourselves, and leave
them a little less money. Better build
cheaply for ourselves, and let them build
as they may be able, for themselvei. A
debt is, annoying. It chills. ; devotion. It
interferes with beneficence. It dwarfs con
tributions to the needy. , It is ruinous up
on the pastor's sustenance: Avoid a church
debt.
2. Do not so exhaust yourselves as to be
unable to do:anything for Christ's poor. ,
Poor as you may be,`still
, there are others sti
poorer. The' `Lord' has .his treasury, into
which you `should, east, at the least, your
two mites, if you have not an abundance
from which to draw largely. And a beauty
of our sysrem is , that in the depositoly of
the Board of Cl:Mich Ex.tension, we can
collect all the little' aums`frOm thousands of
channels, and thence distribute in amounts
adequate to useful purposes. it is painful'
to Contemplate wealthy churches exhausting
themselves, or exhaniti4 their liberality
upon a home effort, blinding for themselves
a splendid temple; far ;beyond the demands
of, necessity, and making this a plea for
years `of parsimony toward the calls of
the really,destitute, or the extremely fee-
A letter from Minnesota 'strongly bits
this condition of things. 'The writer says:
" That you did wrong you --- church
folks— in depriving yourselves of all ability
to aid us, by your home extravagance, you
will perhaps confess. We eqnfidently ex
ilected, from the first, some o,d frog!.
and , and now we are disappointed.
The replies from both places are, that they
haVe to give so 'much at home; that they
can do nothing abroad. OStentation has so
much to do with the benefactions of the
Church, especially in our great cities:. that
anything short - of a "'`notable' object is
likely to ask from them in vain. It is a
memorable thing for them to give to a
Kankakee, with a certainty that the liber
ality will be heralded all over the land
unjust,
IThis may . sound harsh. But if it is
I fear its injustice is in, sup,poiing:that otir,
great cities, who are great complainers on
' beggars,' give mach. beyond their own
limits, even on the score of ostentation.
They seem to act upon the principle that'a,
beggar has no 'busineSs to be an obscure
person."
Our North-Western brother may, be a
.
little too severe, and not sufficiently dis
criminatinc, • but he makes remarks which,
are worthy of being considered. Wealthy
men, having but little piety, will often give
their thousands for ,a splendid church at
home, or to a notable cause abroad, 'who
would give nothing, or, next to nothing,
for a common structure, or an obscure cause;
and when they give, and especially when
they give 'for a home church, they will insist
that the people of God shall give with equal
liberality. Let Christians wisely consider
each their own case; but always avoid ex
haustion.
8, In building a church, let home be
: wisely considered. Let the house be at
tractive, if practicable, to all, and' if not to
all, then to the many who ,properly belong
to. home. The splendid edifice which may
induce a half ddzen families of the wealthy
and refined to enter its doors, may really
exclude a. whole score of families of ihe
:masses, but whosesouls are as precious in
the; sight of God - es
is one of the 'great evils of wealth and
:faihion in our churches. We cannot:rem
edy it by -having free seats. :for the poor ;
because the floor will notrenterthem. Nor
can we luny remedy the evil by building
plainer churches for our neighbors, while
we occupy the gorgeous.-'' Some, perhaps
many, may find a happy resort there, but
many still will go to other denominations,
where the distinctions of social life do not
so deeply affect religious relations. Chris
tians whose observation has been the most
extensive, and who have been deep and
anxious thinkers, find this 'subject greatly
embarrassing. It is full of perplexities.
We may have resolved, no difficUlty in these,
our, remarks; but if they shall tend to make
the poorer brethren less censorious, and the
richer churches more liberal, and to induce
thoSe who provide'well for home not so to
weaken themselves as to be unable to meet
the, urgent calls of charity, we shall have
spoken :to some good purpose. Provide
well' for home, but let it be home and char
ity ; not home against charity. '
A , CONFESSION—ONE . SECRETARY IS ENOUGH.
The Prcskyterian Herald, in replying to
our response to its article on Secretaryships,
argues that though it is the duty of Pres
byteries and churches to cultivate their own
fields, and make collections to send the
Gospel abroad, yet " this machinery, beau
tiful as it is," (and the Herald might have
added, constituted, as 4 is, in Divine wisdom,
and 'being Divine miadom'S only constitu
tion in the case,) " will not work of its
own accord, without lagging," and thert
fore the - Board is ",to 4 3 py. a sufficient
force from • without to make it work." In
the Herald's former article it wanted. its
six Secretaries, to develop the Whole strength
of the,; Church ; to explore . it all ; to locate'
- •
missionaries;.to thrust off churches; to
visit, conciliate, and bring all portions of
the Church into efficient coliperation with
the Board; and to push foriard the whole
work, in all portions of this grand country.
Thus it ignoi•ed the. ,Presbyteries, and
made the. Board a central power over all.
Hot"), the Presbyteries are recognized,
brit they'are " lagging" servants, :and the
Boardis to apply a foi•pc%foni• without,
sufficient to make them work This is still
making the Board, an archiepiscopal con
cern, and the Setcretaries its suffragans. -It
is 'hence still unpresbyterian, papistie al,
and to be resisted. We can find no founda
,
tion in-the New Testament Scriptures for
any such a system. It is not apostolic--=
not Christ's plani It is man's invention.
The Herald then candidly 'acknowledges
that the systern OrPresbyterial, pastoral,
and Sessional action—the true Scriptural
and Presbyterian system,--being admitted,
one Secretary is adequate. Its words'are
"If the Boards are•to be cut off from doing'all
work of this kind, (visiting, superintending,
stitaitlating,' directing, &c., the Synods,
Presbyteries, pastors, and churches,) then one
Secretary is enough for any of them, except,
possibly, it' may be the Board of ,Foreign Mis
sions "'
We are glad of this frank and truthful
statement. Now, how is it? Are we Pres
byterians ? Are we a true Church of God,
animated by his Spirit? Is there a life
within, manifesting itself in and by our
Presbyteries, pastors, and , Sessions ? :Or
are we a dead' Church, having no vital
principle, no• inward: energy, and hence
need to be galvanized periodically into fitful
action by a forcefrom without?
•
These interrogatories are - fundamental in
the question before us, and, •if on these we
are correct; then in the judgment of even
the Herald, one SeCretary is enough. Let
the subje'ut then be fairly ,and fully dis
cussed, by and before the whole Church, so
that there shall ! he an intelligent decision.
Let the Church speak, and say, whether she
is a living body, alive by the indwelling
of the Iloly Ghost, and putting , forth. her
inward energies by her. Divinely constituted
officers and Assemblies , ; or whether she is
a.dead body, ,a "beautiful 'machinery," as
the iieralcLtio.s it,' dependent for life and
guidance upon a Board and Secretaries.
This >fundamental .point being decided,
we shall' ave niade a very great 'advance.
And if it shall 'be ascertained that the
Presbyterian Church is such that the dio
cesan, or , a quasi diocesan scheme is a neces
sity, we may then ,proceed = to consider how
much of "force froui without" we can
bear, and whether aspirants and nominees
for the supremacy are ,godly men, wise
men, and working men, and how • much
money the Presbyteries and churches can
raise to sustain those whose function it'shall
be to apply the 'force:
QUESTIONS ANSWERED.
The Herald, following the North Caro
lina, Presbyterian,- asks :
W:hy did not Dr. 31c1CINNEv open his
battery against the Foreign Board for hay
ing,three Secretaries, or the Board of Ed
ucation for having three for some years, and
why does, he (4ugu.st 18) commend, this
Board for its, ' economy,' when it employs
two ,Seeretaries ? , Echo answers, why?"
"Can Dr. McKANNEY, give a single rea
son , why the Board . ,of Education should
have two, and the Board of Domestic 'Mis
sions but, one ?"
If- our contemporaries had read our arti
cles candidly, they need not 'have asked
these' questiona. "'We will re-state for their
benefit. ,
The Foreign Board has an immense Tork,
varied in its .character; and carried on in all
quarters of the globe.' It has three depart
ments of work, adequate each to the em
ployment of, a head. Its three Secretaries
are diligent workers.
The Board of Education has two depart
menta ; one the obtaining, and sustaining,
and training; of youna , men for the minis
try ; .the other is, that of general education
in= schools and Colleges. •It had three Sec=
rotaries, • (only two of them on pay, and no
clerk) while collecting was a businesa.
Since Systematic Benevolence was fairly
tested, it has kept but two', and one of them
without expense, and both of them have
been workers. No idlers `have been con
fleeted with that office.
The Domestic Board had two depart
merits, Missions and Church Extension;
and then it had its. two Secretaries, we ap
proving. When Church Extension was
taken to St. Louis its Secretary should
have been taken with it (if adequate).
But no. He was left behind, and his work
was gone. The Church also had laid aside
the, collecting System. There was then no
work for hire. The Board tried to make
work, , but still. he was . almost idle. This
we sire; with our own eyes, as we then be-
longed the Executive Cominittee. And
this state of things continued' for three
years, as the Board,testify. See report of
1859, -pp. 31-34. Here then are, reasons.
adequate and abundant. Though there are
still others, as the .well informed truly
know. But, let'these suffice.
• We have always pleaded for efficiency, as
well as economy. We have advocated the
employment of as many men as were need
ed for the work. It is needless offices, and
practical 'sinecures that we have wished to
abolish. And now, inasmuch as our con
temporaries interrogated us before the pub
lic, and we have answered distinctly and
briefly; we request them to give our answers
to the, same public.::,
DR..IGNRIN ON CIVIL GOVERNMENT.
MESSRS. EDITORS approve your crit
icisms upon the sermon of Dr. JUNRIN,
touching the functions and sphere of "eivil
government." I heard the sermondtreached,
and - then thought its views as the : Banner
Styled them, " very erroneous." On read
ing the sermon, my impressions of its .er
rora are strengthened..
While noticing this sermon, would it not
be well to inquire how it game to be insert
ed in the title page, that it was published
"By order of the General Assembly," when
the Assembly passed no such order? A
little light, here is, respectfully solicited, by
a constant READER OF THE. BANNER.
EDITORIAL REIHARKS.—The words on
the title page, "By order of the General
Assembly," are not peculiar to the sermon
of Dr. JIINKIN. We find the same` on the
title page of Dr. CLAux's sermon of last
year. These missionary sermons have been
published by the Board, and the authoriza
tion is doubtless some vote of
, the Assem
bly, in former times. Hence, though it
seems`toz give the Asse.mbly's approbation
of the contents, it ought not to be so re
garded. As the last Assembly annulled
the order for preaching before the Boards,
there need be no farther discussion as to
the propriety of publishing.
We hive a letter from our good brother
JUNKIN, in , :which he states that we have
misunderstood him exceedingly. We re
gret that we did , so, though happy 'to be in
formed of the flict. We meat to be hon
est, both to him and to our readers. In
doctrine and Church " polity, he' and we
have agreed, with scarcely a shade of dif
ference; and -we would regret to differ from
him on civil government. That we did not
intend to misrepresent the preacher is evi
dent in this, that vie gave his ideas as ex
pressed by. himself, in full; and as an ex
cuse for our misunderstanding him, we
might refer to brethren, hearers and read
-
ers of the sermon, upon whose minds it
made the same impression which it did on
ours. One of them writes to us, as above.
Others have given us their views.
,The•subject of civil government in' this
great, free and Christian country, is one of
vast importance. He who would treat it,
and state his sentiments 'vigorously, in a
few paragraphs of a sermon, or in a news
paper article, can hardly do himself jus
tice. It requires the numerous pages of a
book.
NOVELS-AND ROMANCES.
Fictitious literature, of this class, abounds
exceedingly. It cultivates the heart's na
tive depravity, beyond almost any other
thing which is tolerated in society. Where
freedom in writing is, maintained, there is
no possibility of preventing its production.
Parents should hence be exceedingly care
fnl, both , to keep it from their children;
and to produce in the children a sound
judgment and a taste which can not be
gratified by such pabulum
In France, a repressive force' is being
established, against this evil: A foreign
journal says : -
"In accordance with, a recent circular
issued by the Minister. of the' Interior, a
special commission has been named, consist
ing, of literary men and, of.members of the
former Committee of. Censorship, whose
duty it will- be carefully to read all the ro
mances.which appear in the fewilletons of
the Paris journals, and to make a report on
each •one of them. The most particular
attention isrto be paid to the morality of
these works of fiction, and it is stated that
some of the papers have already received
unofficial• warnings with respect to novels,
in px:ogress of publication.,:' A considerable
number of works of this class already ad
vertise& as forthcoming will , not be allowed
to- appear, and several manuscripts have
been returned to their authors, who are to
have no claim to indemnity from.the news
papers for breach of agreement."
EASTERN SUNBURY.
BOSTON AND NEW-ENGLAND
TzfAuvARD.COLLEGE is.again•in luck :
We learn from the Boston Advertiser that a gen
tleman of wealth and of large scientific and pro
fessional acquirements, ban just showtt his inter
est in the prosperity of Harvard College, by es
tablishing sixteen scholarships, with an income
each of two hundred and fifty dollars annually.
These scholarships are to. be bestowed, year by
year, on young men of limited means, who give
promise; by their conduct and dlivotion to, their
stbdies, of future usefUlness and distinction.
This makes the number of scholarships in this
College,thity-two, with an annualincome of seven
thousand eight hundred dollars There are, be
sides these, just founded, ten "Thayer" scholar
shipa, of Ahree hundred dollars each ; four
" Shattuck " scholarships, of one hundred and
fifty dollars each, ' and two one - hundred dollar
scholarships founded by subscription. All but
one of them are bestowed strictly according to
the standard of, the applicant, and are, the re
wards of only very high scholarship. Applies
tion'is made' every , year through the President of
the College. Besides these, several thousand
dollars are divided among the poorer scholars, in
the shape of prizes, monitorships, and loans.
„
MR. PARKER'S SOCIETY is still without a
leader. The evil that he did is livinc , after
him, but the Society that he formed is very
likely to dwindle into insignificance. The
infidelity hidden under the name of " re
form" by Mr. Parker, is becoining• every
day more apparent A foreic , n journal
gives the followino true and admirable crit
icisgt upon his ministry, with, respect to the
entire subject of reform
In three modes he seriously hindered reform in
America. cl.. He shook man's faith in prayer,
which alone can keep the heart of the former
cheerful, sweet, and strong. 2.. He sbook man's
faith in the Bible trom which all modern reforms
have rolled. 3. He weakened man's' sense of
sin, furnishing men with a ready-made apology
for the crimes against which he fought, drugging
the conscience with opiates ; of his theology, while
he struck at it with the : goad of his ethics.
While he spoke one sharp word against' a special
sin, he spoke ten against the possibility of any
sin. His theology kills the air, so that the re
form cannot live there. And we are to remem
ber that he never forgot that he was a preacher,
a preacher, of a religion which he 'expected
would supplant the Christianity of the New
Testament. He ever kept his mark in view, and
whatever he might transfix on the way, the arrow
was aimed at Bible Christianity. When we see,
then, that fundamental error permeated and poi
soned all his work, notwithstanding the courage
and even sublime fury of his assault on mighty
sins, we'are forced to regard his career, on the
whole, as a backward eddy in the great on-sweep
ing current of human reforms.
On account of feeble health PROPEsson
PARK, of Andover; will not be able to
preach the Annual Sermon at the,approach
ing mepting of the American Board, on the
2d of October. The sermon will be
pre,ached.by the Rev. S. W. Fisher, D D.,
of Hamilton College.
The CONGREGATIONALISTS, whose head
quarters is at Boston, have entered upon
the work of church extension with great
vigor. The American 'Congregational
Union is about to inaugurate a movement
to raise $30,000, for the purpose of aiding
in the construction of one hundred Congre
gational churches in the North-West. The
Secretary of the Union calls on all Chris
tians to aid in this work.
JOHN B. Goucrn, the temperance orator,
brought with him from Europe four thou
sand volumes of select theological works,
which he is about to present to the church
in Boylston, of which he is a member, as'
a permanent pastoral library.
Although the SMOKING or TOBACCO is
prohibited by law, in the streets of Boston,
Massachusetts raises the "nasty weed" to a
greater extent than is generally supposed.
1 The value of the tobacco crop for the present
year is estimated at $200,000. The great
er proportion of it is sold in Germany.
The MILLERITES commenced their reli
gious services in. Massachusetts recently.
The sect now numbers about fifty thousand
in the United States and Canadas, and
they gather in camp-meeting from all parts
of the country. A portion look for the
Millennium before the last of March, 1861 ;
others are confident that the world will
last ten years and two months longer, while
others still predict a universal overthrow
in about sixteen weeks.
UNITARIANISM at one time made a vig
orous effort in Hartford; but their church
edifice has been taken down and the Society
disbanded. The church was erected by
the Unitarians, assisted by their brethren
in Boston, and was neatly furnished
throughout, with bell, organ, &c. The
fixtures were sold at auction some two
months since, when the organ, a very fine
one, was purchased by a private gentleman,
at 'a little more than half its original cost;
and the bell which weighs two thousand
nine hundred pounds, and is a remarkably
rich toned one, was purchased by a mem
ber of the South Baptist church, and is
now suspended in the tower of that edifice.
Thus ends the career of Unitarianism in
Hartford.
The FRUITS OF SPIRITUALISM have
never been' of the most excellent character,
any place, but in some towns they have
been peculiarly baneful. A writer in the
Gospel Herald, who has been travelling
over considerable' portions of Connecticut,
says :
Spiritualism has made terrible ravages here,
and everywhere in this community I see its
baneful results. The common schools have been
closed. -Domestic discords prevail. Marriage
contracts are made to be dissolved in a few
weeks or months. Families that were a few
years ago esteemed respectable, are now, clad in.
rags, and wanting the most common necessaries
oelife, and their earnings are given to support
the idle rabble who constantly hang on them, to
-hear or to tell tome new and strange thing.
NEW-YORK.
Every part of the country is interested
in tile condition of TRADE AND CO:MMR GE
in New-York. By reason of its immense
business, its location, and its far-reaching
connexions, the first . indications of pros
perity or adversity in financial matters are
seen here. The following statement will
show that business now, appears to be in a
more healthful condition than one year ago.
The imports have decreased, the exports
have increased, and the exportation of coin
has been lessened. According to the
Custom-house tables of the Foreign Trade
at this port, for eight months of the calen
dar• year, the Import 'entries of Foreign
Merchandise from Ist of January to 31st
August,
Amounted to $167,546,000'
Add week in September 4,261,946
Total entries to date $171,707,945
Against same time in 1859 183,323,561
Decrease to date ...
The same tables make the Export clearan
ees of Domestic Produce and Miscellane
ous Goods--
Including Foreign articles re-exported—from Ist
January to 31st August 159,80 7 7,000 :
Add week in September 1,863,467
Taal to date $61,070,457
Againecsame time 1859 ' 45,089,169
Increase to date $16,631,288
The same tables make the E . sport of
. -
Specie'
. . . .
To 31 st - August— . $88,600,000
Add week in September • ' • 1,198,893
Total to date ' $39,798,893
Against, same time 1859 52,023,385
Decrease to date $12,224,492
The BANK OF COMbIERGE has no less
than seven hundred lady stockholders.
That quiet Quaker looking gentleman
Mr. HowE, has succeeded in having his
sewing machine patent extended for another
seven years. The value of this extension
to the patentee is variously estimated at
from $500,000 to $700,000 for the whole
term. A rich placer indeed .1. - -
The new DUSSELDORF GALLERY Is to
cost' $200,000. It is erected by Mr. H. W.
Derby ; and is intended for a place of per
manent, exhibition of his collection, and
the ^best pictures and sculpture to be pro
cuied of the French; German, English and
American schools of art, arranged in dis
tinct, parts. But the most attractive fee
ture for the -present will be the unique (for
Americans collection of old masters made
by Mr. James J. Jarvis, in Europe, embra
cing the most prominent names, and show
ing the progress of, art frora the yqAr 1000
to the seventeenth, century. ,
One
of the interesting'
events of - last
week was the Co.NsEcitA.TioN OF A. NEW
JEWISH SYNAGOGUE. The edifice is a
fine one standing in one of the most fash
ionable parts of t,he city, on Nineteenth
Street, one door West of Fifth Avenue,
near, the church of thelate Dr. Jamei W.
Alexander. The congregation about to Set
tle in this new place of worship -is knovn
as the " Shearith Israel," being that por
tion of Israelites bearing the appellation'
of Portuoese Jews. is believed to be
one of the oldest congregations settled in
this country. It numbers among its mem
bers some of the most wealthy citizens and
merchants of New-York. The first settle
ment of Jews in the city of New-York is
supposed to have been about the year 1650,
5410 of the Jewish - calendar. The fa-st,
minutes of 'congregaticinal affairs now in
the possession of the " Shearith' Israel,"
written in Spanish and English, dates
back as far a 5.1728. Before the creation
of a regular place of worship, prayers were
read in an old frame building in 31ill
Street, in the First ward, and the first
synagogue was built in 1729, near that lo
cation. This place was taken down sad
rebuilt on the same site in 1817. In the
Spring of 1833, the,property on Mill and
Beaver Streets was sold, and the materials
of the old synagogue having been reserved,
were used, as far as practicable, in the erce.
tion of the present place of worship i n
Crosby Street, which was consecrated i n
the year 1834. The congregation have
worshipped in the last named place ever
since, and only left it last week for the
building in Fifth Avenue.
A strong desire has been expressed by
many for the recovery of the EXPOSITORY.
LECTURES OF THE LATE Dn. J. M. MAsox.
It was supposed that they were still in e x _
istence in the notes taken by the late Mr.
Abraham 0. Stansbury. But his brother,
the veteran reporter, Arthur J. Stansbury,
Esq., in the following note to the bid e .
pendent, gives but little hope of success:
Many of my late brother's books and papers
did come 'into my hands as you suppose, but
among them there are no such notes as your
friend refers to. There are many rough memo
randa, such as a student takes upon his knee.
but nothing put in form for publication. I agree
entirely in the desire that every lecture ever de
livered by Dr. Mason should be rescued from ob
livion ; for never did a Divine lecture with such
ability ; but I fear they are irrecoverably lost.
I will once more overhaul my brother's papers,
and if I make any discoveries will let you know.
Du. SPRING has a distinguished New-
England ancestry. His father, the Rev.
Samuel Spring, D.D., was a chaplain in
the American army in the early part of the
Revolutionary, war, and was afterwards
pastor of the ,North church, Newbnryport.
His mother was a daughter of the famous
Rev. Dr. Samuel Hopkins, of Hadley, and
grand-daughter of the Rev. Dr. Hopkins,
of West Springfield. .The New-York Di
vine, in the length of his pastorate, follows
in the footsteps of his family. His father's
ministry to one people extended through
forty-seven years; his grandfather's reached
fifty-six years, and his great-grandfather
died in the thirty-sixth year of his min
istry.
The facts lately brought to light with
regard to UNDERGROUND TENEMENTS, has
led the proper authorities to forbid the
leasing of such apartments fbr the purpose
of residences.. Philadelphia has long had
the reputation of being the most cleanly
and healthy large city in the world, and
will make every effort to maintain its form
er character.
THE PHILADELPHIA BAPTIST ASSOCI
ATION will hold its one hundred and fifty
third session in the Fifth Baptist church,
of Philadelphia, Sansom Street, below
Ninth, on Thursday, October 2d, 1860, at
2 o'clock P. M. Introductory sermon by
Rev. J. A - . McKean or Rev. George Rig
gins, alternate. Circular letter by Rev.
George W. Anderson. Messrs. Winston,
Brantly, and Day, are the Committee on
Religions Services, and are expected to re
port on the first day. At the last session,
the churches were desired to prepare his
torical sketches of their, origin and
progress, which will be read at the meet
.
Bag.
For . eighteen months past, the FRENcir
AND SWISS PROTESTANTS of this city have
been meeting for religions worship, every
Sabbath evening, in the rooms - of the
Young Men's Christian Association, Chest
nut Street, above tenth, the services hav
ing been conducted by Rev. Mr. Bohomme
until a native pastor could be procured.
By the liberal subscriptions of the Chris
tian people of
,this city, the Rev. Henri
Fargue, of . Montauban, Frani°, has been
invited to become the pastor of this people.
We congratulate this interesting French
congregation in the prosPect of having
their own pastor soon to preach to -them.
No doubt he will be cordially received, and
well sustained in this good work in Phila
delphia.
.. $11,615,616
THE SECOND PRESETTERTAisr- CHURCH,
of which we lately gave some notice, has
contributed largely from its membership
toward building up - the following churches:
The First , church, in, the Northern Liber
ties, in charge of the Rev. T. J. Shepherd;
the-Ninth church, now located at Sixteenth
and Sansom Streets, the pastoral charge of
the Rev. Win, Blackwood; the Fifth, bet
ter known- as the Arch Street church, in
charge of Rev. Dr. Wadsworth; the Sev
enth church, Broad above Chestnut, Rev.
James M. Crowell,. pastor, and the Central
church, corner of Eighth and Cherry
Streets, in charge of Rev. Henry Steele
Clarke, D.D., Surely, in view of this, the
Second church has neither been slightly
blessed, nor diShonored in her progeny,
and the latter will hardly hesitate to say
as much of their maternity.
A SPLENDID RIFLE PruzE.—The Ga
zette de Cologne announces •for the first of
September, a target shooting for rifles, open
to all Germany, Switzerland, Eelp.aum, Hol
land, and England, the prize shot to be a
villa, with turrets, a lake, and grotto on the
Rhine bank, opposite Coblentz. The
French complain of being debarred the
chance of winning such a property. [Had
the 'prize been opened to' the United States,
the villa would probably have found an
owner on this side of the Atlantic.]
A
ra.HRKI9ANS IN EITEOPE.—It is estimated
(says the London American) that 30,000
Americans have left New-York and Boston
for Europe this season, most of whom are
temporarily residing on, the Continent and
in different parts of the British Islands.
Paris is reported full of" Americans, and a
large number are in: London. The number
of, pleasure-seeking Americans in Europe is
larger than at an previous time.
- THE ANTIQUITY OF CANNON.—A small
brass cannon' has been found at the bottom
of a deep well' of the Castle de Gluey, in
France, with the date 1258 upon it. The
date' oithe invention of cannon has histori
cally been assigned to the year 1324, sixty
six.years later.
EUROPEAN DEBTS.—The debts of the
several States of Europe, at the close of
June, 1860, were as follows : Great Britain,
$5,366,000,000; France, $2,880,000,000;
Russia, $1,745,000,000; Austria,, $1,600,-
000,000 ; Spain,
$1,050,000,000 ; Prussia,
$ 2 84,000,000 ; Pottugal, $196,000,000;
Turkey, $185,000,000; Belgium, $lOO,OOO,-
000.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION.—We are grati
fied tp learn that two.of the New England
Colleges, Old Yale and Amherst, have taken
the lead' in one of :the most important edu
cational reforms of the day, the addition to
their , ;eurriculum of a regular course of
physical training, , for which they have pro-
PHILADELPHIA
VARIETIES.