Nook Boticts. THE,. PROVINCE, OF REAON; A, Criticism of the nampton Lecture , on ."The Limits of Religious Thought." By John Young, LL.D., Edinburgh, Author of "The'Christ of His tory." Pp. 30&. New York„:,Robert Carter (1. Bros. Pittsburgh : Robert S. Davis, and Win. S. Bentold. 1860.. • ' Dr. Young has already. acquired a high repu tation by his,.prev,ious ,wcirks. In the present volume there is au able criticism of the cele brate& Banipton .Lecture, entitled , 4,Limits of Religious Thought," that has been so favorably received. Dr. Young takes the ground that this Leetru4'is the result of reaction from Rationalism to bidief, and that here, as in many other cases, the reaction has extended beyond the line of truth; Our author endeavors to'show that Alan eel has deprived reason of its proper place in the inv,estigation of the. great subjects connected with God and revelation. The, style is clear and fdrcible,• and-the-reasoning gives evidence of the mind, of,.a,niaster, even when we .do not ad mit its conclusiveness in many instances. LETTERS. OF. UANNAH MOORS. TO ZACH ARY. MACAULAY, ESQ., CONTAINIIM NO TICES 07 LOED MACAULAY ' S YOTITiI. NOR first published. Edited and arranged by Arthur Roberts, N. A.., Rector of Woodrising, Norfolk. Pp. , 215. New York: Robert. Carter. Pitts burgh: Robert S, Davis, and IVm.,S. Rentoul. 1860. Theseletters did not findnplace in the " Me rook of:the. Life and., Correspondence- of Mrs. Hannah 'Moore, " owing to the fact that the dis til?Sui2llo Easayist,. Parliamentarian, and.Hieto;- rian, so:Oftett introduced in them, was then liv ing. Zaiihary-Macaulay, the father, was a man of mark s - a:devoted Christian, and editor Of the Chrfslfea Observer, the, great organ of the Evan gelical party of the Church of England. He was the. friend and counsellor of Hannah Moore, whose letters to him, now published. in this vol ume, indicate.the: . higkesteem_ in which she held him, her views. of , his son's wonderful abilities, and her opinions upon many subjects,, literary, political, and religious. • ' SEED-TIME AND HARVEST OF RAGGED SCHOOLS.- By Thomas Guthrie, B. D. Pp.. 264.:New . York : Robert , Carter : Brothers. Pittsburgh:. Win. L: Bentoul, and Robert Davis. ' 1860. The Ragged Schools of Edinburgh have been a complete success; and in this little book Dr. Guthrie, argues with his usual warmth and do quence.Sor their establishment in other 'cities, and:in all places where neglected;children may. be found. Theie " pleas " will touch and move every philanthropic and Christian heart. HARPER'S SERIES OF SCHOOL AND FAM ILY READERS.—This " series " consists of a Primer and seven Readers., The author is Mr. Marcus Willson, a teacher of long and successful experience. His aim has been to construct .a series that present not,. only the very. best means and methods of teaching Reading as an Art, hilt whioh. shall also contain, a large : atnount of 'usejla and entertaining knowledge. Ttia.Parmin (Introductory), Price 16 cents, Beginning with the Alphabet, is divided into Four Parte, and extends to words , of four let ters WiLeon's FIRST READER, Price 20 cents, Beginning With easy words of four letters, in Part 1.,' extends to easy, words ,of six , letters in Parts IV. and;V. WiLsoN's Seem? READER, Price 30 cents, Is divided,into &Yen. Parts, each preceded by one or more Elocutionary. Rules, designed for , the WO of the teacher only, and to 'enforce upon itiza.the importance of requiring pupils to read as directed by the inflections. WILSON'S THIRD READER, Price 50 cents, Contains, first, a brief synopsis of the "Els : = ments of Elocution "—Part •1.., "Stories froni the „Bible." Part IL, "Moral Lesson's." Part lll."talees up the first great divihien of Animal Life, the "Manintaiia„". - mostly. quadrupeds. This Portion is truide , exceedingly interesting, and they illustrations- eke unsurpassed in any worli oil Natural lii;tory. Poetical and prose selections give variety to the Lessons. Part IV. "Miscellaneous." Wlmoles FOURTH READER, Price 66 cents, Centains, after the "Elements of Elocution," Part 1., "Human Physiology .and Health." Part 11, resumes the subject of Animal _Life in the division which treats of "Ornithology, or Birds:" The same as with Quadrupeds, the leading species of the:several. Classes or Orders of .Birds are, grouped in cuts which shun , their relative sizes ? and many of the most beautiful poetic Anis in. our . language illustrate the des 7 criptive portions, and give variety to the Read ing Lessons. Part 111. " Vegetable Physiology or Botany.'! ' Part IV. " Miscellaneous." In Part. V: " natural Philosophy," we look in upon the school at " Glenvrild," and listen- to the converinitioms held in 'a "Volunteer Philosophy Class." Piiit VI. "'Sketches fioni Sacred His tory,"contains some: of ther-fmest selections of Sacred-poetry,.with beautifill illustrations.. The type, and illustrations are superior to . those of any sohool books we ever saw. Publish edly Halper Brothero, New-York, tot..; *i.i' lit*. Pahl in Your Own Coin. ""Grandmother, I hate to go away from you; you like me, nobody else does, Last night George Redin and I had a quarrel; I struck him and he struck me. Nobody likes me." Peter Jones said this as he was sitting ; on his trunk ready to start for home. " Ile only. paid you in your oval coin," said grandmother ; " people generally do— a blow for a blow, cross words for cross words, late.,for.hate.", I. t don't'know but it is so," said Peter, looking very sorry, " but it - is a poor sort of coin."- " How different it would be if your pockets were.fall, of the right sort of coin," saikgraidMother. " Whai kind;" asked. Peter., " The coin of kindness," said grandmother. "If the great pocket of your heart were full of that sort of coin, the More:you 'd get, back, for you are gen erally paid in your own coin, you know ; then,how.happy. you would be.' "The coin of kindness," repeated Peter, slowly; "that 'a geed coin; t it?. I :wish my pockets w6re full of it, grand mother, If I'd be kind to the boys, they'd kind to me." • . " Just so," said, grandmother. Petees, own mother had died. After that - he was sent-:to> grandmother's, for he had uquarrelsome, fretful,,temper, .and his annt.emild not, manage hini with the other children. His. grandmother dealt kindly and patiently with him r and helped him to improve himself. Peter mow had a new mother, : ,Ito 'his father had sent,rdy him to age' hate. Peter did iiht, Want 'to - go. lie , filt'L the he should not like his new mother, and that she. wouldnutlike him. " That depends upon yourself,- Teter,' said, grandmother; "carry 'love and kind ness in your pocket, and - you'll find no difficulty.' The idea struck .the boy's mind. He wished he could, he said. " And the best of it is," said grandmoth er, "if you once begin payingit out, your pockets will never be empty, for you'll be paidin youruwn coin. Be:kind and you'll be treated kindly; love „and you'll be " I wish I coulV . said Peter. All the way home he niore or less thought of,it. I do. not know ; about aielcome home, or what his father or new maker.; eai4..Ao' him. The, next. morning he_aroso,early, as ; he was used to. at grand mother's, and came down stairs, where everything being; new, he felt very, strange and lonely. " I'know I shan't be content ed here," he said to himself. " I know I shan't. I'm afraid there's not a bit of love in my pockets." However,, in a little 'while his .heAr mother : ewe down, when Peter., went to heraud . said, " Mother, what can I do- to help you?" MY dear boy," she said, : him •:•on - the forehead, r "i thoughtful: you are. I thank you'for your ..4, 1 4 1 ,ata Pan,/ 4410.11e1p,0nt tiampi atiaidit.vott will lonel t ir-amo.37f, first, coming from your dear, gooa grand mother." What a sweet kiss was that. It made him •so happy. "That's paying me in more than my own coin," thought Peter. Then he knew he should love his new mother; end from that good hour _Peter's pockets began to fill with the beautiful bright coin of kindness, which is the best "small change ":in the world. Keep your pockets full of it, boys and girls, and you will never be , in want. Willie's First Oath. A little boy. came in from school the other day, looking very unhappy. Wawha hurt?' No.. Had the -boys Plagued him ? No. Had he been in' :mischief? No; What :was' the Matter-with Willie? He hardly spoke at supper time, and ate very little. His mother went up to bed with him, and she asked :again, " Willie, what ails you, `dear'?" " Mother," said he— " mother, I swore. The 'minute .I. spoke it,' I was afraid of God, and ran home. Moth-, er, if I could only wipe those wicked words out of my inouth---if I only could. Motb : . er, will God forgive me, ever forgive me, for taking his holy name_ in vain? Pray for me, Mother," and Willie sank upon 'his knees and hid his ,face. .His mother did pray for him, and Willie did pray for: himself- - prayed to be forgiven— prayed that he might never, never profane' the name of God: again. "I'd rather 'be dumb all my.life long," said Willie, "than to be a „swearer." - 'The next day he asked his mother to write down all the Bible said about profane ,swearing; he wanted the Word of God on the subject; he said he wanted to study it, and stick it on his mind, and carry it about with him everywhere; so dhe found. and copied these texts : , "Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain,. for the Lord will not hold him, guiltless who taketh his name in vain."—Ex.xx :8. This is the third com mandment. " Ye shall not swear by my name falsely, neither shalt, thou profane the name of thy God; am the Lord.—Lev. xix :12. "Because of swearing the land mourn: cth; the pleasant places of the wilderness. are dried up."—Jer. xxiii*: 10 "I , say .unto you, swear not at all; neither by heaven, for it is God's throne; nor by the earth, for it is his footstool;' neither, by. Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King; neither shalt thou swear by thy. head, because thon cansk,not make one hair white or black. But let your communication be yea, yea; nay, nay; for whatsoever is more than these cometh or evil." These are the Lord Jesus' words. in Matthewv.: 34--37. " Above all things, my brethren," says James, "swear not, neither by the earth, neither by any other oath; but let your yea be yea, and your nay, nay.; lest you fall into condemnation."—James v: 12 "0 Mother," said Willie, in reading them over, How clear God speaks How can a man or a boy dare to swear, after reading this ?" He learned these Scriptures, and I have -written them down for every boy who pleases io learn them also. Evil Company. Sophronius, a wise teacher of the peolile, did not allow his sons and daughters, even when they were grown up, to associate with persons whose lives were not moral and pure. "Father," said the gentle Eulalia one day when ...he had refused to permit her to go in company with her brother to visit the frivolous Lucinda, " Father you must think that we are very weak and, childish, since you are afraid that it would be den gerons to us in Visiting Lucinda." Without saying a word the father took a coal from the hearth and handed it to his daughter. "It will not burn you, my child," said he; "only take it." Eulalia took the coal, and behold her tender white hand was black, and without thinking she touched her white dress, and it was also blackened. "See ; " said Eulalia, somewhat displeased as she looked ati her hands and dress, "one cannot be careful enough when handling coals." - "Yes, , truly," said her father ; "you see, my child, that the coal, even though it did. , not biern you, has nevertheless blackened you/ So is the company of immoral persons.' A Child's Sympathy. A poor widow, the mother. of two little girls, used to call on them, at the close of each day, for the report of the good they had. done. One 'night the oldest hesitated in her, ,reply to her mother's question, " What kindness have you shown ?" and timidly'ansivered, "I don't know, mother." The mother' touched with the tone of her answer, resolved -to unravel the mystery;' and the little,'sensitive thing, when reas sured, went on to. say: ," Going to school; this morning, I found little Anne G., who had been absent some days, crying very, hard. I asked her, mother, what made her: cry so, and that made her cry more, so that I could nothelp leaning my head on her neck, and crying too. Then her sobs grew less and less, till she' told me of her dear , little baby brother, whom she nursed long and loved so much; how he hatl• sickened, grown pale and thin, whining" with pain until be died,,and then they put, him from her forever. ~.Mother, she told me . this ; and then she face in her book, and cried as if her heart would break. Mother, I could not help, putting, my face on the other page of the book, and crying too, as hard as she did.;;- After we had cried together along time, she hugged and.kiss eeme, telling me I had done her good. , Mother, I don't know, how I did-her.,good,, for I onizi cried withiter indeed, I did nothing but cry with her. , That-i 4 all can tell, mother, for. I can't tell how I did her good." . Agricultural. A Cheap Grapery. In the May Horticulturist, Dr... G. Morris, of Wilmington, Delaware, gives the following deseription of a cheap cold vinery, that seems to answer the purpose: very well. The house is a lean to, forty feet long by thirteen 'wide, eight feet high it the back, and three feet in the front, with a walk two feet wide and eighteen inches deep in the centre, and a door in each end. The house points South-south-east; the back front and North .sides are made by setting cedar posts three feet in the groun& and fiqUair ing them on one side, to which are> nailed one-inch ploughed and grooved fldor boards„making the back, and North side tight enough to exclude frost, but sufficient ly open to admit some air through the joints in the boards, which 'I think- advan tameons. The roof and other end made of hemlock, three by four rafters, • between which are otte-inch pine strips groOved to let in the glam,;which is ten by twelve size, fourth quality; four two feet squareveniiia torsin the roof, and four two, feet, wide and ten feet long ventilating sash hung mi,,the front plate, together .with, the twO..sash doors, complete the iventilation. The; top ventilators are raised and lower ed at pleasure by means of an iron rock which-at its lower part is pierced with holes l and fastened by means of a nail: thF,,hitey,po . lta l bortleos, twenty; feet 40; ,Ftiltpr,ik,undey,th,4olo,4onee, a iiiii: extendit- three feet .three inches beyond PI?,ESRYTERIAN , the front and back,. except at one end of the house, where the soil is simply :incor porated with wood-ashes for • the pOrpose of experiment. The border is three feet deep, under drained with rough stones, on top of which are layers of oyster shells, fifty bushels of bones, several cart `loads of coach-makers' trimmings, leather straps, (thus getting the old horse devoid of the putrid carcass;) the "top strata consists of the old soil of an ad jacent pasture-field thoroughly incorpora ted with well, rotted manure, weed ashes, sand, charcoal and leaf-mould, which had been prepared a year previously and suf fered to be thoroughly intermingled. The .border was prepared last Autumn.. At each 'end of the house are oil hogsboads, (two ;hundred gallons,) from which the rain 'water is confided into the interior tanks, thus having always a supply of soft, warm water. . The rough cost was; lumber, $4O; labor, !$5O; glass, $22; hardware, putty, hingeS, nails, &0., $8 ; making a cost , of $l2O, ex clusive of border and vines. It might have been constructed cheaper by avoiding the plane; but being in the immediate( vicinity of the dwelling, this was undesi rable. Forty- vines are planted in this house, thirty-two of the forty being Black Homburgs; two West St. Peter's; two White Prontignon ; one White Nice; one Muscat of, Alexandria.; one Golden am burg. The front row are planted eighteen inches from the front posts, and intended to be trained up fourteen inches from the glass, with the, intention,.of stopping them when. they have proceeded half way up the rafters. ' The front row 'will be 'pruned on the long rod renewal system, that is, having two manes, allowing one, to bear a ull crop, then cutting it down to a single eye,:taking the crop the• next year from the other rod, thus getting the . fruit from a new rod each year. The back row will• be trained up on vines one foot from the back posts, on the spur ;system; the front vines being kept in.eheck, and the length of rafter given will prevent shading. This season it •is expected to fruit fifteen pot vines, which are now standing On the front border, with the expectation removal' to beck border when the front ,permanent vines may be encroaching, and .there allow to -ripen their fruit. To many this would be an agreeable feature, as the characteristic of the American is to have the fruit the first year. ' This plan of house is well calculated for pot trees or vines, and 'liras partly erected on account of Rh corres -pondence with a proposed house exclusive ly for orchard culture. The interior has had several coats of white-wash, with which ..sulphur has been intermingled; this and the cost of the posts, which were got out of the woods during Winter, are not included in the .estimate. A wooden lattice-work is placed at the bottoln of the walk. The house, as far as tried, works admirably; the advantage of the two-sized ventilators is perceived, as in cool, clear 'days the small ventilators only may be opened; and as the. heat increases, the larger ones maybe raised: ,Should, more ventilation be thought neces sary, sliding doors may be cut in the back walk; for an orchard house this would be required. The house presents a very good appearance, and were another to be erected, no change would be. made. To some the pitch of the roof will appear too low=; but as we expect during the heated term to keep • the glass clouded either .by white :washing externally or by the painting to' resemble frosted glass internally, we have no fears of the vines burning. The glass is all fourth quality, ten by twelve; and is= remarkablygood for the price; better would be desired. A tank for - liquid ma nure water will be an indispensable adjunct, and has already been provided"fer. What Constitutes Legal Unsoundness in Horses. A Knee-sprung horse can hardly be said to be unsound. He may be a very ,fast horse, and can endure with ease the labor of any common ordinary horse, although there is an alteration of structure which unfits him for the race-course. This would not be likely to produce disease or lame ness; he would be more likely to grow better than worse,, -if used for common purposes. But if so bad as to prodnce stumbling and.falling,, he would lie unsound, and a warranty should be taken against such defects . Chapped Hocks cannot be considered unsoundness, if produced by an uneven stable floor, or by kicking; but, if produced by a strain, and a permanent thickening and enlargement of membranes, - there would be unsoundness. A special warranty should be required in such eases. Contraction of the •hoof is a considerable deviation from the natural form of the foot, but does not necessarily constitute-unsound mess. . It requires, howeVer, a Most car: Oil examination by the purchaser, to ascertain that there' is no' fever or ossification 'of the cartilage; that.the frog is 110 diseased; that the animal is not tender-footed or lame*. "Unless some of these symptoms are indica ted, he, must not be pronounced unsound. A. special warranty should be required where the feet are contracted. Corns manifestly constitute unsoundness. .Although few men lay much stress on this malady, still much inconvenience and many times serious difficulties must'be encounter 'ed by them, as they are seldom thoroughly cured. Many horses are, almost_ constantly lame with corns, through` a scrofulous habit of the system. A warranty against such,. aninials would be safe. Trembling Knees.—This' cannot be considered unsoundness; yet it is precur sory.symptons of knee sprung. Trembling of the knees after a smart exercise indi cates weakness, and should lie regarded as objectionable. A Cough constitutes unsoundness, how ever slight or. of short standing. If. a 'horse is noticed to cough .before the pur-, chase, or immediately afterward, he is dis icased; but if warranted sound, and ' the cough is not discovered till one. or two days afterward, he is not returnable ; for a few hours is sufficient to contract a cough, by taking cold while standing -in a damp, musty stable, or by eating different feed, - musty hay, &c.. Roaring, Wheezing or Whistling is un soundness, being the result of alteratioa Of structure, or disease in the air. passages. Althongh there have been decisions to the contrary, courts and jurors are often at a logs, for the want of intellig,ent :witnesses;` and if a veterinary surgeon is called to the stand; not having seen £he animal, he is liable to be mistaken from misrepresenta tion. Broken Wind is still more decided ly unsoundness. . Crib Biting.—A difference, of opinion exists as to this being unsoundness, and courts have given opposite decisions in re spect to it. There are , cribbers that can scarcely be said to be, unsound, as they are not perceptibly injured, and it does not interfere with their condition or endurance. Others inhale and swallow a, great amount of, wind; they bloat and are subject colic, which interferes with their health and ..strength; this would constitute un soundness. A warranty should always be taken against injury from ,cribbing, then 'if he breaks hiS teeth or injures himself recompense may be had: , Curb constitutes unsoundness, as long as it lasts, and perhaps while the swelling re mains, although no inflammation exists, for a horsethatbas once thrown out a curb, is liable, to do so again on the slightest exer ,tion. A horse, however, should not be returned, if he sprung a curb : . :five minutes, after purchase, for it is done in a motleut, and doesnot indicate atopretiitosaidautiv. ness,f—Midifgan 13.ANN - Ef;,777.54T.:P.,g;D:;.AY,;, J:V.NE..,,•p();i•p3:007. j v l isrellalUous. Process o! Dying. So prevailing is the dread of death, that death has been called the " Ting of Ter rors." There are many things in connexion with it which we know to be trying, and to these known trials we attach agonies un known; _Hence we invest death with nu merous strange and:mysterious terrors, by which all our lifetime we are held in bon- Itis however quite possible that our im agination of the evils 'of' the pangs of dissolution exceed 'the reality, and that When "the pains, and greens, and , dying strife," come to - be actually encountered, they :will prove much less awful than we have feared. Touching this subject, the following from an article in the London Quarterill, will be found comforting> and instructive;: , The pain •of dying must be distinguished from the pain -of the previous disease, for when, life ebbs sensibility declines. ,As death is , the final, extinction of corporeal "feelings, so .numlaness increases as death conies on. The prostration of disease, like healthful fatigue, engenders a growing stu por—a Sensation-of subsiding softly into a 'coveted repose, The transition resembles what may be seen in those lofty mountains, wiieSe 'Side%'exhibiting --every 'climate. in regular gradation, vegetation. luxuriates at their base; and &Andes in the approach to 'the regions'of snow till its feeblest mani festation is repressed by the cold. The so called agony can never be more, formidable than' when the brain is the, last to go,:and the, *ind ,prefiervea' -,to the end a rational cognizance of • the state of the body. Yet 'persons thus situated, commonly attest, that there are Mir things in life less painful than the - elese: " If 1 , had strength enough to hold a pen," said William. Hunter,. " I would write how easy and delightful it is to die." "If this be dying ? "' said the neice of Newton of Olney, "it is a pleasant thing to die." ." The, very expression," adds her uncle, •:" Which another friend of mine made use of on'her death bed a few years ago." The same words have so often been uttered under similar circumstances, 'that we could, fill pages,with instances which are only varied by the name of the,speaker. " , this:he dying," said. Lady Glenorehy, " it is the easiest, thing imaginable:" " thought that dying had been More diffi cult," said Loins XIV. "'I did'not sup pose it, was so sweet to die," said ,Francis Saurez," - the Spanish theologian. An agreeable Surprise the prevailing senti ment with their' 'all. They expected the stream to terminate in the dash-of the tor rent, and they!found it was losing itself in the , gentlest current. The: whole of, the faculties seem ~ s ometimes ebneentrated• on the placed" enjeyment. The' ;day Arthur Murphy died he kept repealina from Pope "Taught half by reason, half by mere deeay,.. To weleoine death, aied balndy pass away." Nor does the-calm-.partake of the sensi tiveness of sicgness. There was a swell in the sea the dajiCollingwood breathe& his last upon the element which had been the scene of his glory. Captain Thomas ex pressed a fear that he was disturbed by the tossing. of, the ship. " No, Thomas," he replied, " am now in a state in which nothing in this world can disturb,me more. I am dying; and am sure it must be- con solatory to you, and all who love_me, to see how cothfortably I'am coming to my end." A second and common , . cOndition of the dying is to be .:lost to -themselves and all around. them in utter unconsciousness. Countenance and gestures might in many eases suggest that however dead to the et= ternal world, an'interiot sensibility still, re mained: Bid we have the evidence of those whom disease has left at the eleventh hour, that while- their supposed sufferings were pitied by their friends, existence was a blank. Montaigne, when stunned by a fall from his horse; tore open his doublet • but he ,was entirely senseless, ,and only knew afterwards what he hid done from the in formation of the attendants. The delirium of fever is distressing to witness, but the victim awakes- frdm as from a heavy sleep, totally ignorant that he has passed days and- nights tossing wearily and talking wildly. Perceptions which had occupied the entire ; an could hardly be obliterated in.the instant of recovery; or, if any, were inclined •to adopt the -solution, there is, yet proof that the callousness is real, in the un flinching manner in which- bed-sores are rolled upon that are too tender to bear touching when senses are restored. Wher ever, there, virtual death precedes death itself,, and to, die is to awake in another world. 7 -2?eligioas Herald. Tho• Power. of the Prem. The living initiistry is God's, ordinance to save them that believe. ,Therefore,; I have no.sYmpathy with those who give.the press precedence to the pulpit. Still, who; can measure the power which the press ex erts? An ounce of lead. moulded. into a bullet and put in a Atinie rifle, with a little . black powder `under it, Will; if it meet 'no obitafele, go some two miles, and do ite-er -rand,.yery sufficiently upon .a , mai]. But 'thatasame , piece of lead,, cast into types, and put into one of Hoe's presses, with a little black liquid . over it 41.1 l Meek at obstacles, gtorthouianarof 'miles, and do its mission ;effec . luitny, not on one man, but on millions, though _continents and oCiani.inteintene, A steam printing-pressl. Did_yeti .. ever go into . an establialunint, and, lostik at a piinting-prels? !'beg you to go and examine ~ steam printing-press. Why, my.friendsl feelimmetliingilike awe come over me as I stand before one of these wonderful engines! It seems to me almost as if it'were a living thing—one of Eze kiel's living Creatures, " with the bands of a,. man, antrthe the noise of many waters, und . he . spirit. of the living creature in its wheels. -How it stripe itself for its work I Tt'regniiea tin' nourishment; knows . no wea.- riness, • but . '•orr it :toils; • with a strength I m41411, 1 1°1(14.1144 to scorn the might of a giant, with .a,' clamor as if it would shiver. in pieces any. substance within its grasp. And yet with a..precision and delicacy up= attainahle, hi:l'nm= muscles, it receives a fabric whirl any rude touch would rend, and, impressing upon it; in . the twinkling of an en,:thouglits whioh it cost the most active Mtn& hours to compose, it flings off pageiaftet 2 pagesto instruct; delight, regen- - erate : and.bless the world! N.orte of ns_have 'yet begun to begin to appreciate the potency of the press as an agent for the diffusion of knowledge, in heavy tomes, in journals, above, all in• the daily newspaper—that wonderful modern institutiOn, which has revolutionized, not only the literary, but the commercial and the political world. If you the Con stitution, you will find, that, constitution ally, there are only two estates in Congress --the Senate and the House of Represen tatives: .But a third estate hos'sprung uy) occupying a_ higher seat Olen members, either of the Senate or House, while Con gress ia in session, for it, presides in the galleries, and, continuing in session after . Congress has adjourned, in session all the year, and•'all over the country; it is coin posed of the representatives of the press. They form and shape _public sentiment; and at this day, when the world is, as never before, under the influence of public opin ion, they yield a power far transcending that of both the constitutional bodies com bined. I wish,lhad time to say something, of ,the singular power with which the. press Jtas invested the public speaker. We 4alk 'of the .grandeur ,pf. ancient oratory; but art its influence, extend? Demosthenes ascends the Berea. He delivers one of those mas terpieces of eloquence which are logic on fire. He ceases; how, many has he reached by his appeals? , New York has a popula tion of about eight hundred thousand. Athens was a little place with about one hundred and forty thpusand inhabitants, or about only one-sixth the population of New York. Not mere, than eight, or ten thous and at the farthest have felt the burning words of that prince of orators. Nor can he send his thoughts 'abroad through the land. There are no reporters, no tele graphs, by which he may " fulmine over .Greece." How different the potency of spe,ech now! Why, a speaker in Congress or in Parliantent—some of you have proba bly,seen and heard men rise late , at night, in. Parliament, where some forty or fifty sleepy people were, and he would' utter words which in a short time would shake Europe. In Congress or in Parliament' the audience occupies very little of the speak er's concern.. He addresses the millions who, in a few hours, will be reading and pondering the words which he has uttered. —Rev. Dr. Puller, Baltimore. First 401 Rate Across the Alleghenies. , The first, mail route, crossing the Alle gheny Mountains, was opened from Phila delphia to Pittsburgh, in 178,8, and was extended (semi-monthly) to Louisyille in 1794, and to Vincennes in 1800. From Vincennes it 'was further extended to Ca hokia in` 1805: In 181.0 a mail route was established by an Act of Congress, from Vincennes to St. Loth; Kaskaskia, Prairie du Roeher, and Canokia: In the same, year a mail route,was opened from Louisville to Shawneetown; and in 1816,from Vincennes to - the, latter place in ,1:810 from Vincennes to Cape Girardeau, by way of St. Grenevieve; in. 1814 to John-. son Court House, and in 1818 to Belle ville., In 1822, Edwardsville, Springfield., and Peoria, were connected, by a mail route; and in 1823 a mail, was carriad from Car rolton to Ross' Settlement, now Atlas, in Pike County. In 1824 there was a direct route from Vandalia to Springfield, and from Edwardsville to the latter in 1827. The first route 'from the; Southern part of the State to Chicago, was established in 1832, and from Shelbyville, viil,Decatur and Fox river''; and in the same year a route from Chidag,trto Danville and 'Green Bay, and also from Tecumseh by way of Niles to this city. Direct rotes from Chicago to Galena and Springfield, were opened in 1836. In 1827 and 1828; four-horse coaeh es were 11 - 0 on the line from Vincennes to St. Louis. So irregular was the comment cation by mail in 1820 to 1822, thal the l Territory of Oregon is now in possession of. the latest news more early and more promptly than was Illinois at that period. —Proceedings of Chicago Historical 'So ciety. - The. Spider's ,Thread. That any`creature could' be found to fab ricate a net, notless ingenious than that of the fisherman, for the capture 'of its prey— that it' should fix it in the right place, and then patiently await .the •result, is a pro ceeding so strange; that if we did not see it done daily before our 'eyes by the•com mon house-spider and. garden-spider, it would seem wonderful: But how much is , our wonder increased when we think of the complex.fabric of each single. thread,: and then of the mathematical precision and rapidity with which, in ..eertain cases, the net itself is constructed; and. to add to all this, as an example Of the wenders which the most common things exhibit il-hen care- fully examined, the net of the garden spider consists of two distinct kinds of silk. The threads forming the concentric circles are composed of a silk much more elastic than that, of the rays,.and are stud ded over with minute globules of a viscid gum, strfficiently adhesive to retain any un wary fly which comes . in 'contact with it. A net of average dimensions is estimated by Mr. Blackwell to contain eighty-seven thousand three lundred and sixty of these globules, and a•large net of founteen or six teen inches diameter, one hundred and twenty.thousand; and yet such a net will be completed by one species--Experia apoc lica—in about forty Minutes, on an average, if no interruption occurs.—lntroduction to Zoology. BUSINESS' NOTICES; A NEW E R, A I N sewing lIPICALICIEILIE - ATJEIN 2 During the last fourteen years; some four hundred patents have' been granted on. intentions desir,ne.d , to lighten the drudgery of, family sewing, and at tiro sumo time to produces machine that could be profitably used for manufacturing purposes; but. strange to say, out of, this huge number of Sewing Machines, only some half dozen have been proven An be of practical value; and of this small number, not one has in it combined the advantages of a &idly and manufacturing machine. There are large, heavy, noisy, cumbrous, and complicated machines, designed for heavy work, that answer the, purpose very well; while there are others of light mechanism and &Befits attjustments, which perform on light work to advaiitage; end while the former are exclu sively confined ni heavy work, the latter are of little vain; except on light fabrics. Therefore I take great plcasnre in stating the important .fact that Mr. Howe., the original in ventor of Sewing Machines, has recelitlyperfected his Shuttle Machine so as to combine, in a much manlier space and with far less machinery, the strength and durability of the mann tate ling machines, and at the same thbe ;assessing that delicacy of movement and ease of operation peculiar to the family machine, and which renders this the only machine In market capable of working e,g2tully . well the tightest and heaviest fabrics, and istherefore designed for . . AL,L. KIN.DS , OF WORK For Blart-makers, Vest-makers ; Tailors; Wm-binders,. Gaiter fitters, HanOsse-iiiikieuturisge-triniuters, us well u for all iwrietia of SEWING, • . THE - HOWE MACHINE Is the Only one that' can give satisfaction; and they will bw isald for one-hdff the money charged - for any othermacidne capable of doing as heavy work in an good a manner. These nuichhiea cannot bo get out of order by any fair means, and• they will fully warranted for one or more y earn. They' will stitch. hem, tuck, cord, bind, gather, and fell, without basting—making the lock-atoll Beam (alike on both aides) of great beauty, strength, and elasticity, and which cannot be ripped or raveled. The public am cordially invited.to mill at my rooms, NO.? 26 STREET, up. ertairs, and ,thoroughly test theee machines on all kinds of work; don't be satisfied by merely eceing a Machine sew on a rag, brit hang along your light. eat and heaviest work, and put the 3.faihine to the moat rigid. ' Active and responsible Agents are wanted for the sale of these Machines, upon liberal tern's.. Please send for sample'!' of work and particulate of agency : Address • • - W. .8.. LAZSCELL, Agent., , rittAburgh. Pa , ap2l-301 TEETH. • SAYE f i ffElf BEFORE IT IS TOO LATE. . • C— SILL. has removed to • No. 24 6 Perm. Street,. in tbe hquakturtuarly. occupied by Dr. G. R. Reject', opposite tihriet ethersh:'• 'lle will give all the Makin improvements: Teeth inserted at various pricer, • FROM $15. . 2%161. EsB.. BET. •., 11.11F.RREZIOES: , • . Rev. IV. D. Rowan"), Rev. Bemtm. NEIDIAM BRARLiT. , .. • • A. G. WilltyptOpt, X4l, .1. H. uonuni . YAWL*, Dr. ozonat ix:Awns; Nnsysze . . • •• • • • Sesnrss, MICE". '• • ' • ' •• • ••• • • sier24-1.3. • • For Brilliancy and!.Economy, SURPASSES.ALL OTIIiiR ILLUMINATING OILS now in market. It *alba= in all otylee of coal oil lamps, is per fectly Bare, and Ikea' front all offensive odbr. Manufactured and for by •W. MACKEOWN, felily • siltivr; PITTSBURGH. wx. s SOHMIMZ A. WM. E. SCHMERTZ & CO., , 'WHOLESALE DEALERS AND MANU mAt FACTURERS OF -SPIDOZE .43,A742 • en2i,„ No. 81 Fifth Street, Zook. Stock, PlUitiorgh, Po. We invite the attention of our customers and. Merchants generilly to our very large 'Lock of Boots and Shoes for. SpriuM and Summer salea and would rospoctfully solicit a continuance of the ;liberal Patronage heretolote bestowed upon the House , — Our stock of BOOTS AND SHOES, obtained at first hands strictly from manuacturers, having been selected with the greatest possible cure, has never been. •• surpassed, and is particularly adapted to the wants of WEST ERN PURCHASERS. Our Goods we have had manufactured with especial refer ence to the wants of those engaged in Retailing, and. are . warranted to give satisfaction. Purchasers visiting this market are reepeetfully eNiuested tet call and examine our stock, as we are prepared to o cooo ,. modate them with - prime &ode, and of just snub , • PARTICULAR SIZES , • . • ' es they may stunt.' rOur prices we •will guarantee ee'lew es • these of Nee. Yorkprniladel l atia, raltee.All ordsra~ i 1 1 1, 1 . • WE INVITE Tar. ATTENTION OF WE the pnblic to the PIIILADELPITIA.. Dry,Housekeeping Gi_ns Store -where may be found a large Assortment of all kinds of Dry Goode, required in furnishing a house, thus saving the trouble usually experienced in Buntingsuch oracles, in va, rious plices. In consequence of our giving our attention to this kind of stock, to the exclusion of dress and fancy' goods, we can guarantee our prices and styles to he the mostlavora hie in the market. • IN LINEN "GOODS, we are able to give perfect satisfaction, being tho Oldest Es tablished Linen Store in the city, and having been for, more than twenty years regular importers from some of the best manufacturen3 iu Ireland.. We offer, also, a large stock of FLANNELS AND of the best 'qualities to be . obtained, and at the Teri lowest prices. Also,'Blankets, Quilts, Sheetings; Damask Table Cloths and Napkins, Towellingo, Diapers, in uckab.aqus, Table and - Piano Covers; Damasks and Moreans, Lace and Muslin; Curtains, Dimities, Furniture Chintzes, Window Shadings, &c., &c. JOHN V. COWELL & SON, S. W. corner of Cheitnnt and Seventh Stet', Philadelphia; CZ QBRING STYLES ' FOR Gentlen3_exes Garments,- In great variety;. embracing in psrt, a large and . well se lected stock' of Fancy Fretich and English CASSIMERES AND 'OOATINCS, Together with as fine an assortment of Black and Colored CLOTHS AND VESTINOS, as the manufactories of Europe 'can Produce, which are adapted to the wants of gentlemen of taste, who appreciate style and quality in clothing. • • . SAMUEL GRAY di SON, • marl9-ly Na 19 Fifth St., Pittsburgh. SAVI FUN ;