, .. ,
formetrUiti Snit: tii- Piaui' 'h - 'Mental . color;
.M. 4. 44e. : Jatter, attirOt :the . ;rat_in, Ste :as
,sattit:;,-.!the;stisrinliii .parti .., Werth'sA'Si- I .
vision,;undeirCapt. MeHenzi-, •2d artillery,'
i ilt
Iv'tlt ,Lieko,Seldoe, -Bth inf. try, early :on
th 'Udder:in : id' hadly• wound- ; Lieut. Air
-4n eadiStkinfaatry,. the .fi t tole'ap:into
illi '.. ditch to plant a ladder ; Lietit..-Rogerp, of
'Aa - 4th, antJ. P. -Smith, of i the sth inflr
it • 7-TriOnth.:. Mortally,. wcind.ed ;-=thei 9thitn
fa try, under Col. Ransom, whowas killed'
1
lir . flettillatitly leading t h a gallant - rigi-'
eta i 'the sth infantry, • und r-Lieut. Cot.
4iitain (I llajdr - Wiiiidt, - With"' Ciifithin •
V Ate, whose company gallantly carried the
• . Oubt, midway up the , acelivity ; . Colonel
'C ark's brigade, (Worth's division) consist-
tinff of the s th, litli and part of the Sth regi-•
- in nts of infantry, commando& respectively,,
bY Capinin Chapman,. Major Montgomery'
Inid Lieut. bdward Johnson-i-the -latter spe-;
ci'illy noticed, with Lieut. Logstreet (badly
wounded) advancing—colors In hand-,Pick
et - and Merchant—the last three of the Bth'
infantry;. portions of the United States ma,:
tines, New York, South Carolina, and :2d'
Pennsylvania volunteers, which, delayed
with their division,(Quitman"s) by the hut.
engagement below, arrived just in time to
participate in the assault of' the heights—
..yartiettlarl a detachment, . under ' Lieut.
Reid, New - York volunteers, , consisting of a '
company of the same, with one of marines ;-
end another detachment, a portion of the
storming party, (Twiggs's division, serving
with Quitman,) under LieutJ . Steele,-2d ill
fahtry—after the fall of Lieut. Grant, 7th
infantry. _
In this connection, it is but just to recall
the decisive effect of the heavy batteries,
Nos. 1,2, 3 and 4, dommanded by those ex
cellent officers- - -Capt. Drain, 4th artillery,
.assisted by Lients. Benjantin anti Porter,
of his own company ; Capt. Brooks and
Lieut. Anderson, 2d artillery, assisted by
Lieut. Russell, 4th infantry, a volunteer;
Lients. Hagner and Stone, of the ordnance,
and Lient. Andrews, 3d artillery—the whole
Superintended by Capt. Huger, chief of
Ordnance, with this army—an officer dish
litignished with every kind of merit. -The
•niontitain- howitzer y battery, under Lieut._
Reno, of the ordnance, deserves, also, to be ,
particularly mentioned. Attached to the
voltiguers, it followed the movements ofthat
regiment, and again won applause.
In adding to the list of individuals of con:
spicimus merit, I must limit myself to a few
of the many names that might be enurnerat•
red: Captain
,Hooker, assistant . Adjwatot
General, ,who won special applause, succes,
Sively, in the staff of Pillow and Cadwallader;
Lieut. Lowell, 4th artillery, (wounded) chief
of Quitman's staff ; Capt. Page, assistant ad
jntant General, (wounded,) and Lieut. Ham
mond, 3d artillery, both of Shields's 'staff ;
anti.Lient. Van Dorn, 7th infantry, aid-de
camp to Brigadier General Smith.
Those operations alloccurred on the west,
southeast, and heights of Chapultepet. To
the north, and at the base ofthe mound, in
accessible on that side, the' 11th infantry,
under Lieut. Col. Herbert, the 14th, under
Col. Trousdale, and Capt. Magruder's field
battery, Ist artillery—one sectiOn advanced
under Lieut. Jackson— ! all of Pi lo w ' s divis
ion—had, at the same time, sobie spirited
affairs against superior numbers, driving the
enemy. from a battery in the road and cap
luring a gun. In these the officers and corps,
named gained merited praise. Col. Trous
dale, the commander; thongli twice wound=
ed, continued on duty till the heights were
carried.
Ifithr
Early in the Morning of Je
pealed the order of the night before to 4ajor
General Worth, to be, with Ins division, at
band to support the movement of Major
General Pillow from our left. The latter
s'eems soon to have called for Vint entire di
vision. standing momentarily in reserve, and
Worth sent him Col. Clark's brigade. The
call if not unnecessary, was at least, from
the circumstances, unknown to me at the
time ; for, soon "observing that' the .very
large body of the enemy, in the road, in front
njor General Quitman% right, was re
ng reinforcements from the city--less
simile and a half to the east—f sent
ructions to Worth, on our opposite flank,
Chapultepec with his division, and
to proceed, cautiously, by the road at its
northern base, in order, &met by very supe
rior numbers,. to threaten or to attack, in
rear, that body of the enemy. The move
ment, it was also believed, Could not fail to
distract and intimidate the enemy generally.
Worth promptly adianced With remain
ing brigade—Col. Garlandls--Lient. C. F.
Smith's light battalion, Lieut-Col. Duncan's
:field battery—all of his division—and ithree
squadrons of &norms, under Major Sumner,
which I had ordered up to join iu the move
ment.
Having turned the forest on the west, and
arriving opposite to the North centre of Cha
pultepec; Worth came up with the troops 'in
the road; under Col. Trousdale, and aided
'by a flank movement on the part of Gar
land's brigade in taking the one-gun breast
work, then 'under the fire of Lieut. Jackson's
section of Capt. Magruder's field battery.
•Continuing to advance, this division passed
Chapultepec, attaelting the right of ene
-my's line, resting on that road, about the
-moment of the general retreat consequent
upon the capture of the.formidable castle and
its outworks.
• Arriving some minutes later, and mount
ing to the top of the castle, the whole field,
to the east, lay plainly under my view.
1 There are two routes from Chapaltepee
to the capital—the one on the right entering
lite south gate, Belen, with' the road from the
+south via Piedad ; and the other obliquing
-to:the left, to intersect the great western,- or
San Cosine road, in a suburb. outside of the
-gate of San Cosine.
' Each of those routes '(an elevated cause
way) presents .a double roadway on the side
:of an aqueduct of strong masonry, and great
beighti resting on open arches and massive
ipithits, 'which, together, afford fine points
both -for attack antktlefence; The' sideways
lof both aqueducts ate, moreover, defended
!by many tstrong breastworks at the ;poe t
rand before reaching them : As we bad et
4secuid,we found the fintilitacks unusually
dry and bard for the - seatott.':
• .d;+ Worth and Quitman wereinvmpt in pur
suing' the .retreating enetny—the former by'
-the 13an Coarse aqueduct;. itid 'the ilatter
- 141104 that of Belen. Each -111 d 'now ad
. Viencaliome:bundred-yarda. " • •i ,
iDemninir it' alPimportant to prat! ti *our
•auciemeir, r and "the .conaelieeit -41iiMay. of
-the.enmny.,- which could flat be Wally*
• -Itbiblatir haitened to:dis patch - Ohm .
IChapeita al ; I
firsteiiiMpliciiiWou4difek
• ~ , ....,,
Cadwallader*Ot* liftespl'AnClVl
,
gave orders that !hal neelisaty lilis
should follow. I Pierpe's yigadeMrt
same time, ipts il 4Queinaniltitid
course of thei nt-Rmaulda..s
ditional siege'pieceslo be added to
Theh; "alter - '4eeigniti n glheAktri
under Lieut. ' Col. Poward—Nor
ColoneVhad, 4W_I ilisabitit hitt a
diarubusco—as the garrison of 4
pea; and girine.directiabe i Tar the
dab prisoners of witOhe'pa• tared o
1
and Rrdnancostore,,,J t p . ded tt
iidsanie_it - Waritt; Lv;ttbict'' elial 7
beyond the turn'at theludetion'of 1
duct with the' great bighwas from
Ito the gate of Stin COteme:, ! .
At this judetion of rOads; 1 'we it
jone of those forn4dablelysterns of
fences, • spoken Of abtive, and it h
guii!—a.• strong proof 1 ., That th
.shad expeCted us . , to ;fail iit the att
Chapulteitee ' - even ;if ids meant •
more than a feint ; 2. That, in sit
vre deligned, in' his belief, to •
double our forceeligainst;the south
n delusion kept up by' 'the activ
i stration of Twigg,s and the forces .
ilitit Shref - tnd - 3. TVA lidvancin
front the reduction Of ChisPultepec
my- had not tire to iillift guns--ou '
captures had left him, •comparat
few.;•l•from the southern - gates. '
Within those disgernishel wrk
si
our troops engaged in a street gl
the enemy 'posted ' in gardens; t
and on house-topt4-all•ilat, with
i Worth ordered forward tht motr •
zer of Cadwallader's brigade, prec
1 skirmishers and pioneers, with Pie
crowbars, to force windowa atuti d
' burrow through the - Iwatt. The
were soon in equality of .position f•
\enemy. By eightio'clock in th
•'Worth had cerrieditwo batteries i
orb: According to imy instruction •
posted guards and Sentinels, and
troops under shelter for the nigh
was but one more ohstacle--theS•
gate (custom house) between hi.
great square in front of the eath
palace—the heart of the city, and
tier, it • wa's knoirn,: could not; by
resist our siege guniZlO minutes.
I had gone back to the fort of
per the point from which the two
begin to ditierge, some hours earlie
to be near the new tiepot and in i
muuication with Quitman and
well as Worth. 1
Prom this point Lordered all de.
and stragglers to their respective c
in advance ; sent to Quitman
siege guns, ammunition, and e
tools; directed Twiggs' remaini.,
(Riley's} from Piedad, to suppo
and Captain Steptcie's field batte
Piedad, to rejoin QUitmun's divisi
I had been, from the first, we 11,,.
the western, or San.Cosme:was t.
ficult route to the centre and conq
capital ; and, therefore, intended
man should only manceuvre an
the Belen or south Western gate, i
favor the main attack by Worth
that the strong defences at the B
directly under theguns of the mu
er fortress, called the citadel, just
Both of these .defenees of the ear'
also within easy supporting distz
the San Angel (or ;Nino Perdido
Antordo gates. 'Tepee the gr
port, in numbers, girep to Wort
ment as the main attack.
13th I re-
These views I repeatedly, in
of the day; communicated to Ma
Quitman ; bua, being in hot pu
lent himself, and ably supported
Generals Shields and Smith=Sh .
wounded before Chapultepec, an
to retire—as well as by all the
men of the colginn-•=Quitman co
press forward, under flank and di
carried an intermediate battery of
and then the gatabef l ore two o'cl
afternoon, but not without proport .
increased by his steady maintena
position.
Here,- of the heavy battery-4
—Copt: Dram and Lieut. Beni,
mortally wounded; and Lieut.
third in rank, slightly. The I.
two most distinguished officers
will long mourn. iLieuts. J. B.
and Wm. Canty, of the South C
'slitters, also of high merit, fell o
occasinn—=besides meny of our b
commissioned officers and men
in Capt. Bruin's veteran twilit'
not in this place, give the nameso
but full returns of the killed ilif
%f both corps; in their recent opt
accompany this' repcirt.
Quitman, within.the city—add
new defences tO the position
and sheltering his corps as well
ble—now awaited the return of d
der the guns of the dormidable
to be subdued. - I , i
At about foui o'clock - the ne
(Sept. 144 a deputhtion of the /
(city council) waitedupon me to
the federal government and
Mexico bad fled from the capittil
hours before, and to demand to
ulation in fhvor of the church, t d
and the municipal authorities. -
,replied that I would: sign no
that the city had been virtually
fession since theli lodgments
Worth and Quin?* the day bet
regretted the sileiff escape of
army ; that 1 should levy upon
:moderate e,ontribution, for sped.
and that the • American army
under notams, not self-imposed
as its own honor; the dignity of
States, and the sigOt° l the age
my opinion, itupft*lWY dam
pose. ; 1 " •
For the terms, ittiimp4td, If ,
partment Xabs/iiiient l lGene '
Nos. 27 and r (ParatrObli 7 ,1
the latter,) copies Hof which •
enclosed. _ ; • -
At - the terminatiiii of the in •
the city defiutatioi, 1 constnunie l l
daylight, orders to' Worth aid ",
imivance slowly - !mtl'eautiously
•
gatist treachery) towards ,;
°chi, and to •occupt iti • etrod•
ssofinutandingpoit4- -44ssitms4 ;
)
grestp/asa of *Squire, phi
and hoisted the cons of theitr
on-the •pationil'•
ofpongrese andi+ ' utiie Spa
. 10,441-gniteful . 1
•tnenasight-hainrbecl4 , anticipa
lisetiorleristiiSsisi4gdell,. • 7 ,
•
7.171%
, dio
e
is train.
nfantry; -
the
ound at`
at - e Netiflaphifi - ffla - ; me , ,(a green psi*.
lit''i ' ihrilatliar* , oft : goal of gener4
i
Atm on.:r i hdr,tapttzl,
~.' ever, was Atoka
lien* apy ; t die tii i two corps, but* the
Went, th4stienite,Stbelillantry, the prosi
est; of this 'Andre army. In the glorious
conquest; •4l had contributed--early and
Pusli_ Erfully+the . killed : . the, wounded:. and
theft for duty—at Verz Cruz, Cerro Goy;
do, Contreras, San Antonio;CburuhOsco,
(three 'battiest ' ) the Molinos del! Ray, and
Chapulttipleias much as thoiesilto_fought
at thegntes,oflelen and San Cosine.. _'inn afteilieliirenle , irlf'we , i i n
the
net of occupying the - city, a fire-was o
penedi upon Nus -frcitn• the:dat roofs' of the
houses,,,from,windows and corners of streets,
by some 2,000 convicts liberated the night
before by--the flying government—joined by,
perhaps, as. many Mexican soldiers, who
had disbanded themselves and thrown off
their uniforms. • This ; unlawful war lasted
more than" twenty-four hours, in spite of the
municipal authorities, and was 'not put down
till we had lost, many -men, including sever
al officers, kilted or wounded, and had pun
ished the miscreants. Their objects were,
to gratify national hatred ; and,_in the gen
eral alarm and ; confusion, to plunder. the
wealthy inhabitants—particularly the desert
ed houses. But families are now generally
returning; buisitiess of every kind has been
resumed, nod the city is already tranquil
and cheerful, under the admirable conduct
(with exceptions very few and tritling)of our
gallant troops.l
This army bias been more disgusted than
surprised that, Iby some sinister process on
the part of certain indit%iduals at home, its
numbers have been generally, almost trebled ,
in our public papers—beginning at Wash-
care of
rdnance
inin the,
en
e aque
the west
I
fill*
eity de
:a not a
. 1 enemy
ck ttimn
iny thing
encase,
:turn and
!.rn gates
/. deinon
osted on
rnplary
the ene
preVions
'vely, but
. I found
t against
windows
parapets.
in howit
: •ed by
' axes and
ors or to
assailants
Mil to the
evening
this sub
1, he here
'laced his
. There
in Cosine
i and the
:drat and
that bar
daylight,
•
ington. ,
Leaving, as we all feared, inadequate gar
risons at Vera Cruz, Penne, and Puebla—
with much larger hospitals ; and being o
bliged, most reluctantly, from the same
cause, (general paucity of numbers,) to a•
bandon Jalapa, we marched (August 7-10)
tram Puebla with only 10,738 rank and file.
This number includes the garrison of Ja
lapa, and the 2,429 men brought up by Brig.
IGen. Pierce, August 6.
At Contreras, Churubusco, &c., [August
f2o,] we had but 8,757 men engaged—after
deducting the garrison of San Augustin,
(our principal_ depot,) the intermediate' sick
and , the dead ; at Molinos del Rey, [Sept.
8] but three brigades, with some cavalry
and artillery—making in a 1 1 .3,251 men—
*etle in the battle ; in the two days—Sept..
12 and 13 7 —our whole operating force, after
deducting, again, the recent killed wounded
land sick, together with the garrison of Mis
coac, (the then general depot,) and that of
Tacubaya, was but 7,180 ; 'and, finally, af
ter deducting -the new, garrison of Chapulte
pec, with the, killed and wounded of the two
days, we took possession, (Sept. 14,) of this
great capital with less than 6,oooaien ! And
I reassert, upon accumulated and,'unques
tiontible evidence, that, in not one of these
conflicts, was this army opposed by feWer
than three and a half times its number—in
several of them, by a yft greater excess.
I recapitulate our losses since we arrived
in the basin of Mexico :
hapulte
queducts
, inorder
sy COM
wiggs as
• cbments
rps, then
dditional
renching
brigade
Worth,
,-also at
1. n.
• • are that
!e less dif
lest of the
;hat Quit
threaten
order to
knowing
• len were
h strong
within.—
my were
nce from
and the
MCI' 911p
's inove-
August 19, 20. Kilt! ) 137, including 14
officers. Wounded, 8i 4 , including 62 offi
cers. Missing, (probably killed,) 38 rank
and file. Total, 1,052.
September 8. Killed, 116, includi' 9
otneerb. Wounded, ti6s; including 49 offi
cers. Missing, 18, rank and file. Total,
789.
September 12, 13, 14. Killed, 130, in
cludinglo officers.. Wounded, 703, inclu
ding 68 officers. Missing, 29, rank and file.
Total, 862.,
le course
F. General
nit-gal
by c Brig .
Idsfbadly
reOsing
friers .and
l tinned to
et fires ;
arond total of 1055e5,2:703, including 363
officere.
00 the other hand, this smell force has
beaten On the shine occasions, in view of
their capital, the. whole Mexican army, of,
at the beginning, thirty odd thousand men
.—posted, always, in chosen positions, be
hind entrenchments, or mire formidable de
fences of nature and art ; killed or wound
ed of that number more than 7000 officers
;
and men taken 3730 prisonetre, one sev
enth offic rs,including 13 generals, of whom
e ;
3 had b n presidents of this republic ; cap
tured too I n than 20 colors and standards,7s
pieces of Ordnance, besides 57 Wall pieces,
20,000 sniall arms, an iinmetite quantity of
shot, shells, powdei, &c.
wo; guns,
Icy in the
nate loss,
ce of that
artillery
thin were
otter, its
s of these
the army
Moragne
alma vol
the same
Of. that enemy, once so formidable
in 'numbers, appointments, artillery, &e.,
twe,nty:odd thousand have disbiintled °them
sehies in despair, leaving, as is kuown, not
more than three fragments—the 'largest a
bout 2500=now wandering in different di
rections, without 'magzines or a military
chest, and living at free quarters upon their
own people.'
:$ vest non
.ttrtielarly
iv. I um
numbers:
wounded
3 ng several
had won ,
Ns practica
yligitt un
itadel, yet
General Santa Anna, himself a fugitive,
is believed to be on the point of resigning
the chief magistracy, and escaping to neu
tral• Gautatnala. A new President, no
doubt, will soon ; be declared, and the federal
Congress is expected to re-assemble at Qeu
tetaro,l2s mills north of this, on the Zac
atecas tvad, wane time in October. I have
seen add given !kite-conduct through this ci
ty to several of lite members. The govern
ment will find itself without resources ; no
army, no arsenals, no magazines, and but
little revenue, internal or external. Still,
such is the obstinacy, or rather infatuation - of
this people, that it is very doubtful whether
the new authorities will dare to sue forpeace
on the terms which, , in the,recent , negotia
tions,Nvere made known byour minister.
••• • ,
It morning,
giniento
• port that
army of
some three
:s ,cif
capit
e 'citizens;
.promptly
'll our pos-
Vected by
Ire ; that 1
Metican
Ithe city a
'purpOses;
• mild come
I
ch 'lnky
he United
should, "in
d atuk im-
In conclusion, I beg to enumerate, once
more, with due commendation and thanks,
the distinguished staff officers, general and
personal, who, in our last operations in front
of the enemy, accompanied me, and cam-,
municated orders to every point and through
everrdanger: Lieutenant Colonel Hitch
'cock, acting inspector general; Major Turn
bull and Lieutenant Hardcastle, topograph
ical ehgineers; Major Kirby, chief pay
master; Captain Irwin, chiefquartermaster ;
Captain Grayson, chief commissary ; Cap-
L. Scott, chief itt the adjutant gen
eral's department; Lieut. Williams, aid-de
camp; Lieut. Lay, military. secretary, and
Major J. P. Gaines, Kentucky cavalry, vol
unteer aid-de-camp. • , 1 •
Caul: Lee, enginaer, so ionstantly,distin
guithed, also bore important orders from me
until he (aimed ;from a wound and the loss
'of twottightik sleep it the batteries: - gents.
Benutegao, Steveniand Tosier, ell sVound.
ed, were eniployetPrrith. the 'diiiiiiortird end
Lieutenants G. NV:' Sadith aod'G:lH:
with 4he commiiiy •lippers end
miners. Those five liemseaste-eirenginems,
ferthi de-
I Orders,
8 and 9 of
• herewith
rview :with
ted, eboitt
iiiimare to
; guard a
; eareo the
r sad' re
e •
to
1 1 , lid
gu i nif,
ited titan
16
at otted
'em;- quit
by Worth.
- 'hitter
lireAfeir sittptcin, o the s cirafiicfn . of,
alt about
The crdcanik- cOlterc, Captain' a 01;14
Lie*Onnts.,HagneiStOne Old Reim, . ere
Highly effective and:distinguished it the
eras batteries; and I must add that Capt.
McHinstiy, assistant quartermaster, at the
close o[ the- operations, executed. sevenil
portant commissions for me as a special
volunteer.
9
Surgeon Geoerel liawson, and the medi- ..
eal eta generally; were ikillful and untiring
,krt.ttnd„,nitt Are, itt tpipietering_to_the_uu
tneroug woundert.
Tb illustrate the operations in thislasin,
I' enclose two beautiful drawings, prepared
under the directions of Major Turnbull,
mostly from actual survey.
1 have the honor to he, sir, with high res
peci, your most obedient servant.
WINFIELD SCOTT..
The Hon. Wm. L Marcy, Secretary of
War.
Correspondence of the Public Ledger
PEROTE, MEXICO, Oct. 31), 1847.
A bearer of despatches will go down from
this place to-morrow morning, with 1111 es
cort composed of Col. Dotpingo's (Native)
Spy company, the Georgia, Dragoons,
captain Kendrick, and Tayhir's and Lieut.
Ehminger's Artillery corps, with Cher batte
ries, and the first Pennsylvania Volunteers,
besides a number of discharged soldiers,
mounted and on foot.
The First Bennsylvnia Volunteers are
nearly all together for the first time in sever
al months. ThCy still, however, maintain
their detached appearance, as Cal. Black's
six companies were sent down on . special
service froth Puebla, ,and will return with
the next upward train. Capt. small now
commands them, as Col. Black is unable to
ride, in consequence of the injury he receiv
ed by the gang of his horse in Puebla. He
is not, ho4vpver, 1 um happy to say, serious- ,
ly injurett-the wounds in his kg being mere-:
ly painful from fatigue and exposure and by
no means dangerous.
The Col. is it great favorite with the regi
ment, and deserves to be so. IT i; kind
and attentive to them, and won their admi
ration-by his gallant conduct at the fiege of
Puebla, as be bad won their esteenvbelbre
by liar uniform manly bearing. His charge
upot) the Mexican Lnneers, with' company
D, when Capt. Hernia's gallant company
was surrounded by them in Puebla, on the
12th instant, is spoken of by those who wit
nessed it in the highest terms of praise.. .He
displayed, milhat ocensiou, all the qualities
of a hero, with the presence of mind which
ever distinguishes the nble and successful
leader. His command
,are devoted to him,
and do not hesitate to say that they prefer
him to any other commander.
In returning from Puebla, Col. Wynkoop
halted opposite Huamantla, and took np the
body of the gallant Capt. Walker, for the
purpose of sending it to:the United States.
The fall of Capt. Walker hits caused as much
grief among us as would that of the Come
mander-in-chief, as his ashes will no.daubt;
he us honorably received in his native land.
Col. La' Vega and Majoi Iturbide Arrived'
here yesterday with. Col. !Wynkoop's coop..
mand. The former will remain at Pertite
with his brother, the General ; the latter
will proceed to Philadelphia, where he wal
educated, where his mother and brothers
now rYciltp. tkish have been handsomely
treated by theofficers of the first Penusylvn- I
nia regiment, and have little- cause to regret.
their cnptiviiy. Gen. Jerrera, who was ta
ken with Gen. La Vega, is still here, on
parole, and is much esteemed by the Amer
icans. He supports himself very comforta
bly and honorably too, by 'makingcigitrs.
This fact proves him to be much superior to
the mass of the Mexican officers, who are
idle and fOppish, and would- much,' mther ,
obtain a livelihood by plunder than labor.
The Alcalde- of Nopoloca, with whom I
lodged it few nights ago, describeslhe Mex
can officers ns desperate and rapacious ils
mils generally, while the soldiers are honest
nod docile. He appears to have pretty cor
rect notions of Ins countrymen, and told us
he had no hopes of seeing anyimprotement
in the manners of the leders or the condi
tion of the 'masses, except in annexation to
the Coiled States. There are miny honest
nod intelligent people like him, who wish
for such a union with us, and desire to see
a wide door open to emigration, and securi
ty for the fredom of worship, three things es
sential to the regeneration and prosperity of
their republic.
There was some difficulty, this morning,
between the officers of Col. Black's detach
ment and Col. Wynkobp, which resulted in
the protest of all the former against an or
der of the latter, directing the detachment
to accompany the bearer o f despatches. The
detachment was ordered by Gen. Scott •to
remain at Puebla, as the main body 'of the
garrison of that town. General Lane, how.
ever, sent them down here against their will.
and the order referred to, but directed Colil
Black to "retitim immediately," or" remaiO
at Perote until the next upwnsd train." Th'e
officers considered Col.,Wynkbop's order my
a further end more aggravated violation a
Gen. Scott's order, and made up their mind,
to refuse obedience to it, but (fol. Black, aft i
ter joining with them •in the pmtest, ai n
having some sharp words with Col. Wyn,
koop, expressed a deOre that the detach i
tnent should obey the order, and they cheer
fully Complied. - I give' you the fact of thil
affair without commentary, as other writers,
not knowing them, "may fall into error in ref
porting it.
A courier passed through the town thi
afternoon, said to be fbr the. British Mini
ter, from whom some at our officers frame
thnt negotiations fur peace had been renew
ed between Gen. Scott and the Mexico
Government, with every: prospect of a speed
consummation, and thot A train with fiv
hundred wagons was to leave the city o
Mexico to:day, with a - large number of iner
chants on their way toi.Vera Cruz to inak ,
purchases. The ; news. Spread rapidly thro
the city and castle and Was hailed as a her
binger of a speedy return home.
I neglected toinientiOn in my last letters
from Puebla an amusipi incident connecter
with the close of the siege, which. shows has
the comPlezien of a population may ix
changed in a single -night. After we hat
driven the lancers and greasers. Crow the ci
ty, some of epr boys took a little satisfactior
out of some of ; the houses and stores'frott
which we had been fired upon di t iriag the
previoas month. One or two were set or
fire, and made rinite 40, alarming
light. This so terrified the'
they seemed algal* Wiliintto Carmelo deb
L.-
Turks, and thp next mom
' roely a , die in torn that
- French, , I I twat, or English
Og the tal e :t.nuinerons, and
he ispee ;'Of a French town
r ligiop and to
i g there, Wks
id not etiOrt a:
ag, the first
- vinetbaciity,
On a gala day.
The effort of
a • nality, in
au! e Doody
*hen , e ow
dringingl •
'1)0
1 :„!..the farce
nns, however,
• dge so, many ~
ost of evanece
ycophant nat
.therwise We's
n our kicks.
the peopl i to change their
order to void the wrath. of
.was ridi ulous enough ; hut
ere of ti e French houses
ed, us Wit " Arne ricepolnu
..'§antal Anna macho nria-
Asinsufferable.. IThe Alexi
jt ve heel made to acknowl
, tas ra, it d shout for such a
Ins he s, that they play the
irelly 8 d with :some grace,
mould bot t . ave beep sparing
They are'. a wrCtclied race,
imewal of blood i Oy foreign
se than the ,Jew: \
vo copies of the ” lag of
Wished before the lust Jilin
II an "extra," givi\ngatm c-
I :ent battle of Huamantla,th, .
you wilf , please consider a
cr, as'it i ', I believe, a air
hat engeff ment. Sinceithat
!Ina has re 'red to-Orizalio, at
I 'mountatin of th at name,
,with
6:4 men only; hes . turned
`lf:
nd want a re
atrisges, wor
I send you
preedoni" pu
left Puebla, whl
i!ount ofthe r 0
iatter of which
i)firt of this letti
rect report of i!
vent Santa An
I t te foot 'or the
n escort of I
guerrilla, and
!elusion of peat
public. If thei
one—he will h
ers—it; not, he
4ret lip a " prof
ilhors, and re)
4 I hen].
rill patieti
e before hl
treaty sho
,e one of it
will, in al
uunciamer
rn to pi
ljc pOoplc's ItZuocate.
JOS.. BOYD, PIiDLISIIER.
Here shall the Press, the P pie's rights innintain,
Unawed by influence, and nbribed by gain."
monimmow
MONTROSE. N I V. 2S, 18417.
E. W, CARR, &In Building, N. E.
.corner of Thilid and Do
,Gent
Streets, Pkil'a.
is authorized to l act as Geist for the " Pe . O
:ple's Advocate h " and rec ire and receipt any
4-c,.
,monies due thei same for dvertising, ,
.I,
FllOlll
We publish! this week the official Report
of Gen. Scott to the W, , r Department, giv
ing, a birds-eye view of the - brilliant achieve.
Ments . of our army at th city of Mexico.—
From this report it see s that the City was
Well prepared to whilst nd a siege—every
thing was adneirably nrr aged for a success
ful defence or their Ci y. Like the wily
spider, they,d prepar d . a net-work orde
feices, and c pt into t eir boles; but with
h e
all their adva tnges, an all their desperate
efforts, he su tle-minde Scott detected all
their arrange eats, and by skill, bravery end
stratagetn, drpve them rom every position.
The length ol . the repot crowds out much
i other matter, less inter e sting , perhaps,' and
of fess- importance to o r renders. The re
ports of the svend offierrs, under the orders
of Gen. Sco t we cannoVpublish on account
;
of their great length.,
The Ledg r of Saturday last contains an
interesting c rresponddlice from Puebla,
i great length..
the p. rticulars o r the battle of Hue
manila, and he gallant part the Pennsylva
lIKIIIS bore in that lactic+.
There are rumors agiiin afloat that peace
.
,is close at hand. 3Ltjor Iturhide, a son of
the late Emperor of that tiame, and until re
cently an aid! of Santa Anna, unqualifiedly
asserts that the. Mexictitis Cannot hold out
much longer4.---that the+ are in tire last ex-
I tremity, and rust yield Ito our terms.
. 1 -- ---s4-- -
Mn. WITOT ' S SPEE6.—The Hon. Da
vid Wilmot,itir talenteil tied efficient repre
sentative in Congress,odressed a large au
dience nt thet Court-house on Tuesday eve
ning last. Notwithstnnding the inclemency
of the night, *tind the lute hour at which Mr.
Wilmot arrived in town;; the roan) wars crowd
ed with anxious listeners; there is some
thing about the man, his zeal and earnest
ness in everything that he unci - ertakes, and
his undeviatiOgfirmnesS in the course he has
marked: out 1 for himself to pursue, which
causes his pctliticsl friends, in thiti county at
jeast, to rally around him with enthusiasm
and fidelity. 1.
The bdrdeafof his speech was in defence
of the Provite which tie introduced at the
last session, and will again introduce at the
next session Of Congress. For the purpose
of raising fluids toptneet the heavy expenses
ofGoveninielot, he would favor n' direct tax
—" an appeal to the pa l triotistn and pockets
of the peoplC7--he wo t old °lipase a tax on
w 9
ee, and the graduation of the
unless,. at the reduced price,
secured td actual settlers only.
Tea and Cu
public lands
they could
WRECK A
D LOSS OF LIPE.-A. letter fiom
the 3d init. states - the probable
earners Fitsbion and Beaufort
d to VernlCruz with troops.
Vera Cruz o f
loss of the sl
District, bou
Berrien, and 'Dawson have
to the U.S. Senate by the Leg-
Eir Mess
beet' erected
islature of
orgia.
i•
resolutions pfrezed by Mr. Clay
,onvention at Lexington, , lfiy.,
eld all-claims upon MexiCO for
express " no desire. for the
of the Republic of Potexico,
a just apd proper adjustment
of Texas." The administra
accused of a great error in or
upon a disputed soil; as tieing
e cause of the war.. Th,e'whole
peace orthe : ortisecution Situ*
owed vigor is handed ovtritti
.ngress.' The 'Alecto" ' of i Mr.
riitt yet elfin.
Eir The
at the late
prOpose to.y,
territory, An I
Memberme
but Wish onli
of 'the limits
tion italso
tiering troop:,
the immedie
war with re
the vex& C
4 • I
!pit/ wthi
Immawne
" Advo.
just co ~
Doctor
flow Be
tam Cat
dent; w
FBA s •
Dear
ere this
been w
own ob
TOM 01
ble opi
=
emigra
i•w L•
eat •no
land ri
of the
tined t
pie, t .
and ca
I w •
and 1
thing I
I was,
point
Ptay I II Id
unless
s
tly await the enn
ie again appears in
uld prove a popular_
warmest support
probability, try to
to" agninst ! its au
pwer by depoOug
est, y
spend
sive pi
rinnler,
cultiva!
and ri
the su
eight
Nove
nior, b
ally C.
preilti
ry tla
ue fill
NICO.
winds
eifie.
Bay o
tied th
did oil
of the
grade
1711E12
noon,'
worth
Bay
passe
that s
or rat
I=
tranc
ger la
and
pa .s
whici
York
=1
eontr
them
inde t
moit i
T
the
verse
to
Sist 43
tires Al
CEO
arou
them
they
them
the p
them
lies •
111E=1=1
•
ornVf ill you !pleas copy into the
te" the etOosed. c l f etter, wbieh has
l e to bend trom .ioOng friend,
i P.. J. W . AID, late ,of iNew-Milford.
ing the -" land, of his .. , hirth" , in•lis
fornia.'• Year readeri, 'amt.coofi
uld be gratifiedwith \its insertion:
Respectfulli lion;feitc;”
IJf.
SACRIMPITO, (A.11:0M k)M114)
Ady 3d,q847. -
it Lus4 Ei4 •
Sir--I
,would have written you long
according to my -prontis, but have
• Wog until felt conejcietent from my
•rvatiohs and what . 1 co u ld learn
rrs, to give something /Ike a relis
ion in regard to thislat:',,land of
;" fur that it must be unless future
ion shall be able to discover tome
Dorado of which we hive* pm
knowledge ; beyond this promised
Is the broad Pacific, and unless some
slands in its watery wake are des
tempt the roving spirit of our peo
at spirit has here found its summit,
go no further.
I, much disappointed in the country,
an assure you, I have not . found any
'ke the: estimate I had formed of it.—
l of prepared for so groat a disap
• nt, although I had no Intention of
in the country any length of time,
should find ,it greatly . lbr my inter
t I supposed that I should.be able to
t least a year here very pleasantly.
face of the country consists of exten
tins, 'surrounded and intersected by
ms mountains, and are !only fit for
tion in the neighborhood otthe streams
hers, in consequence of the draught in
mer season. The clirMite for about
oaths in the year, from March to
ber, is pleasant and mild in the inte 7
tt on the coast the . weather iii gener
.l. the year round. Weiterly. winds ,
, and commence blowing nearly eve
t about 4 o'clock, •P. bl:,! and contin
late in the night these tire the trade
that blow over nearly the whole Pa-
I was on ship-board a' week in the
San Francisco, and the wind. wbis
ough out rigging as furiously as it
' Cape Mira, in a gale. ;The natives
ountry are a deplorably ignorant, de
people, a sort of half-breed S, cross
n a " Digger" Indian (4 whom more
and a Mexican. The' only, sight
seeing in the whole country the
San Francisco, which as much eur-,
the Bny of New-Yoik in 'beauty!, as
rpasses nearly all others. The tuy,
ier Bays of Sun Francisco, fur' it its a
.sion of three Bari, hasp narro en
from the Ocean, opening into , al
surrounded' with high routdedf
vered with verdure ; frtnn• this you
by a narrow channel, into another,
rembles very much the Bay of New
though of greater extent, and having
islands; the third similar to the first.
QM
bays afford- very secure , anchorage,
Ire completely land-lockea r
ave not heartfa single person speak
1
f the country in comparison to our
•rn States ; all say that iristuit'iarth
,urney by land or sea ; but emigrants
!our in by thousands—it is known here:
Imre are now at least' 5,600 on their
i y land, a great part . of whom arellfor
who think they are'to have completi
1 .1 of matters here ; there, ire many or
I'now in the country, who. are forming
ndent and exclusive settlements. The
of theeniigranti are from'lllissoiari.
ere are a grea number of Indiana on
fountains, say [ 20,000, called "Dig
from their mode of living. They sub
, grasallopperslaid roo, and go en
naked, except i the squaws, who have
ill piece Of deer or antelope skin tied
d the waist. The settlers, employ
as workmen on' the plantations; they
them in from the ,trionntaina whets
have soy work to do, iind,'maintais
until they have done, the giving them
trifling articles and send, them-,back.
are a: miserable set.otbeing,i, slightly
having thick black hair which' nearly
s their faces, making then) look more
s than any thing I have ever seep.—
e Fort where I am now staying;tha
iandant (Capt. Sutter) ,hass about , one
d in his employ,, the most of whom.
t' long from the mountains, and when'
diem from out of MY:window, sit
round a trough (similar to ;baiour far
have,in the States' for feeding' their
n,) filled with boiled wheat, coarsely
which they stick''their' hands hit*.
en cram into theii,:triaatiiii,cheiterini:
ri obi like so many asses, , my
s complete. •
I. rgot to mention, in - speaking of the-
to of this 'country,' thaird'uring:foutr
s of -the year (fri*l !i`Oelii*r-. 00 2
, ,) they have almost e,cintliaual rain„
!in.stationed. at this. post , as Assistant . -
' on of a detachment of fifty men, - who
been sent here: by. Genq Kearney' to
a tribe called'the isorie.fhief Indians
enunitting'ilepredations open the set- -
'o this valley. , . I expeotWiremeimbers
he cluse of the iiar,'W"heit 1411811 he.-
tely return to the ITaited i ,States. - am .
it and his Stet' pitid, usii visit_ a dey
since, and they are nowlow.their way
the, mountaioS to. the Spttesi„l , had
nikwe of dining with efinnt, and saw
peck' their tuelei ':iitid:4W c ep.their
... liarili to tie tale/WSW!: eta:. Tri•
~-J t, t ;tiYol7.."