~ Cllt feop!ili 'lbircatt.
-
PUILIIIIIIO ILVSJILT TRUILIDAI 1110114110, IT
• • - "•
jOS. BOYD.
• loses on OM west wide at thir`Pnblic Arenas.)
tien.LAl '
TERMII.-0 • year, in advance.'
One Dollar and Fitt" -- Cents rrnot paid within
three moutbs,:eld i 6 dAsierriantiVacter the oxpirit
tim of the year Two Dollars will be exacted.
TWerrtY•tive dents additional will be charged
where tiwpaperislelivered by carriers at the Pub•
libbers' expense.
Diseriatinruniars optiimal with the Publisher, no:
lem:arrestages are paid.
Poetry.
The premien of Life.
All men are dreament from the hour
When Reason first exerts its power;
Unmindful of its bitter sting,
To some deceiving hope we cling—
plat Holies a Dream !
The brazen trumpet's clangour gives
The joy otr which the warrior lives :
And •at his injured country's call,
He leaves his home, his friends, his all—
• For Glory's Dream !
The lover bane on some bright eye;
And - dreams of bliss in every sigh ;
But brightest eyes are deep jn guile, •
And lie who trusts their fickle smile—
Trusts inn dream ! "
The Poet, Nature's darling child,
By Fame's all dazzling star beguiled;
Sings Love's alternate hope and fear,
Paints visions which his heart holds dear
And thus he dreams!
And there are those who build their joys
On proud Ambition's gilded toys,
Who fain would climb the craggy height,
Where power displays its splendid light—
But dreaming fall!'
Whilst others 'Midst the giddy throng
Of pleasure's victims, sweep along;
Till feelings damp'd and satiate hearts,
Too worn to feel when bliss departs--
Prove all a dream !
And when that•chilly call of fenr,
Death's.mandate huttles - itt the ear,
We find, would we retrace the past,
E'cn life at best, now fading fast—
Is nll a dream!
From the Provideuco Journal.
The Soldier's Wife.
Go, gaze within that stilly room,
How holy seems the air;
For there, upon her befitted knee,
The young wife kneels in prayer.
First thought of-her oierflowing heart,
Her husband—for nway ;
And ere one blessing for herself,
For him I hear her pray.
Oh holy Father ! Thou whose eye
Can pierce each fond disguise ;
I come to Thee, to Thee I pray ;
Oh let my prayer arise.
Guard—holy Father, guard !
'And wheresoe'r he stray,
Oh,, hold him Cst by Thy strong hand ;
For him—for him I pray.
My Father, if I sin iu this ;
If he an idol be ;
I pray\ Thee spare him from the wrath ;
- I've sinned—then cluisten me.
Oh let Thy spirit gently move,
And lead from'error's way,
And if lie die—oh let him come
To Thet—for this I pray.
A year agone a andtthat young bride •
Before the altar stocid,
And' vowed obedience, honor, Jove,
To him who long had wooed.
Our country's waving stripes and stars
'Rid beckon him away,
And strong in heart, she bade adieu ;
For him she yet could pray.
That hushand,,in his country's cause,
Battles in lands afar—
Go seek him in the pressing van ;
Foremost rank of war.
Oh Soldier ! thou art-doubly armed,
Tracking war's hlciody ways—
A shield is held—the shield of prayer;
The wife still loves and prays.
MRS. PARTINGTON:--The old lady writes
us from Boston that everything she'drups is
caught right up by the Post ; and that they
are so public that she is afraid if she re
mains much longer in 'the city she shall have
nothing private left. She desires to seek at .
tire:Rent in the country. She wants a small
house with suitable outbuildings; such as a
pigery, a emery, and a hurserg, with an
apery, where:she can keep bees, hens, geese,
and other fowls, and lay her own eggs, • and
hatch her own chickens, goslings, and tut . -
keys.; also a drinker, conyenient fur the an
imals. The house to be on a gentle
itsilioi
ty, with a long revenue -between two rows 4
trees, leading up to the front door; parrot:U.
ded by nice'scrubbery t and a clear and spark
ling hnxik kaarlitriag about the premises,—
If any gentleman has such a place, she
'thinks she could make an arrangelnent with
him, by purchase or otherwise thin would
'be satisfactory to both.—Nest/ Raves Pal
ladium.
• We have a note from Mts. Partingtnn,
complaining soinewhat querelouslY lhot,the
editor"of the Palladium has imbibed some
antiquity against her, or he would not have
ptiblished anything about what was intend
e,d , as- a private letter. She has no dispoiii •
non to . displor herself before the republic.—.
It is true she is desirous.ofletiving the city,
and enjoying the pleaSures Of a any* life,
;
The deseriptien of berdisired 'recidence 'it
the "Paltadiunr • she avert is' quite . defeeti e.,
- She desires that her house-ahould - have ri
V4iiiorasd.c irk=fol?ot, or Ai • leia. ' a P•rgi '
parer the door, and an observertary,leadi g
out of .theto 1e f p hei, piste i n. in
additiati iii - thiPtittit, 4t.c., thiCalia Wishes'
laasmi• doggei.y,•anti=by all thatia iiiiik- '
gint.ealthe ii mety:foisd 4 theittlitatinia*,.
Thr, reiruciaaskingta A* (mat itioariill
17 no moans be 10101,a!P.460,40011*
ere tarp eathie L'iraitki, opeehilli NlWl:l' i
bariiii with - -anignaitiritints efims; Of Mai',
adtageass 4eas. • Theitracat laily.fthitia . 6
to 4 4. pulse/ ipt o , that athiett*he gets Acidic*,
4 44,-,,04d toAtentiiinCshelAdoodtsitkeerie"
o,1), WcOli 0tti4, 11 14 h..* f ig 140,4440
MIK
IMME
REHM
VOL. 2.
iIiIIRBSSI SF
To Ike 11. Ir
•
[Re'ad blithe
Mr. Pre Ides
Agrieskisi
purpose to ate
upon the t
care, the nirricul ;
find nifse,f fo
which suriuund
flounced thin eul
forcibly,, itpres
could command
the ear of-this a l
Had I tnistak:
you a dispo4rse u
this exhibitlun
,
my purpose,wy,
bad wird- land
standing i the
the least, netrt
whom, :it Is
* oul ,
ces.
;.The agrlcultu
is from maturity
become titi• art,
which he who
himself instruct.
Went of him will
The itervidi it I
vital interest, ho'
Lion with the wt
every man in ev
controlling relat
ufactures, substn
eral health tin.
people, present
temptation upon
attempting to e l
fine the principl
and, to the unin
of agriculture.
Agricultural
of ie- whole in
menu which sp
car of comma rc
turns the mach
etirth is the com
employment
ed from its bolo
and support of
surface and the
the'snateritil upn
rictdturalist, the
facthrer, are uli
prime tpr which
he
he active sti
ward, !excites
and brings out
the hope of a rtn
heir hibor. Th,
the merchant p !
ufacturer produ
ashen.. respecti .
passable necesst
Mille mind imp;
that which it no I
the sale of that
great struggle o •
agriCultural
det, the strange
est, in usefulness
guisitiun. The
noire sustained
tint exist. Still
ly;as the histo
will -show, the
ship, . education,
matic instructio
mind, consider
. .
regulate to • ere I
mint in cotnme
while to know
tint plow, and t4 I
deemed suffie.ie
thitt knowledg -
highest wages it
.A simple Pri
trade, always • , ractically applied to menu-
factures and c , ramerce, that the best: and
cheapest article' will command the Market,
and prove the , oat profitable. to the iprodu
cer. and the sell. r, is hut beginning tot, receive
its• application to agriculture. 'The mer
chant, who fro. a mbre extensive acquaint
nape with his uinition, a more attentive
observatibn of. he usrkets, better Adapted
means, and a • ore careful application of
Rama judgrnen , untiring energy and pru
dent industry, .an buy the best and sell the
cheapest, has. ways -been seen to -be the
earliest and ,su • to accomplish the great
object of lib( cl ,an independeace for him-,
self. So the l'eehanic, who,from a more
thorough• e.iion in the principles and
hitudicrall'ofi X trade, or a mare intense
application ot i iod and judgment with hi
bm, can imprp a .the article he fabricatel,
or,, the machiiie y and modes of their
,manu
-ftiettire,. and C• n produce the best and sell
Ltlieleheapest,ili a always been Semi bi reaCh
:thei;eame adir. tape over liis competitors,
wisp equal- reg Mess aruitertainty ; and that
thOre Tesuits NW follow these tneans and
eniirs, hat Ole considered natural and un ,
Still . :the
to folio* in th
course hit foal
*Tend upon s J
,f,i,nune,, nu 4,
Ong the hope .
prorate for .'di
o f ir qitslity." l
'him that the rt
_prurecio) , had.
(*mar pfar .s .
MPTW'fr° o
th' couitecithiii
theitt; and iik
Oltons• fis
,10.filtith ,ii
00 if
,e 0; ~ ,
hFeap INI, . ' a i
010 bid t
H liailltb - °
OK* I : Reid
e l : *l,O
4_ ' mCce
N 446604
I * O4l /4i 6 tY 1 0 6 '
' ifs7ll4 lb*
;- , 45, , 1"
Ott At
;
' 4r " T iEßit'-7tqFpt.RENCt.`,.'Of:
IBM
;-, m
, .
81118 MO
State Airtimelents'
L. DIX, Sept. 16, 1847.]
mud Gendeaten of the State
.
orgy it', been my
.
tato you with an eulogium
interests confided to your
to of the State, I should
stalled by. .the exhibition
us, and which has pro
ugy to the eye, much more
ively, eloquently, than I
language to pronounce it to
• • mbly.
my proposed to address to
In.agricultural production,
ould have driven toe from
the conviction that . I nm.a
scarcely initiated scholar,
presence of masters, with
cted and experienced of
be my duty to change pla-
e of our State, far as it yet
and perfection, has already
a science, a profession, in
mild instruct, must be first
!d far beyond the advance
', now addresses you.
character of thii great and
ever, its intimate mince
nts, comfort, and interest of
ry calling of life ; and' ifs
'oils to the commerce, man
! tint independence, and gen
; prosperity . of our whole
(abundant subjects for dua
-1 occasions like this, without
're the depths, or to 4e
, oßti science so profound,
alined, so difficult as that
rodoction is the stih-stratum
•erstructure ; the great ele
lads the sail land impels the
~ and moves the hands and
ery of manufacture The
l on mother of all, in whatever
ged, and the fruits gather
are alike the nutriment
I. The productions' of its
tretwure of 48 mines are
which the labor of the ag
merchant, and the routin
e bestowed, and are the
It toil.
•tlus
IM
to its w tc 1 urges n. ,or
tdustry, awakens ingenuity
Ovention, is the prospect or
iirketsfor the prodUCtions of
farmer produces to sell ;
:. uces to sell ; , and the man
. : to sell. Self-consumption
igoods, 'although an indis
y of Life, ii . a mere incident
:lied to acquisition. 'To gain
produced or acquired; by
whidh is is the
the laboring mai.
rodnction is the first in tar
t in necessity, and the high
in this whole system of cc
other branches stand upon
by it, and without it could
I has been almost uniform
-1•L of our State and country
ost neglected. Apprentice
a specific course of syste.
ill', have been, time out ..f
d an indispensable pre
. itable or successful engage.
j ial or mechanical pursuits ;
tw to wield the nice, to hold
I swing the scythe has been
t to entitle the possessor of
- to the first place and the
agricultural employment.
ciple of production and of
_ - •
culturalist has been content
beaten 'track, to pursue 'the
'hare ever pursued, and to
e earth, the seasons, good
rovideoce for, a,Crop,„
indul
-1 the 'high prices . mar corn
quantity or bite
t 'scarcely occurred 'to
dr of -the prisiciplei of his
or h isi • to do with -his sue
-
r or"
aid Abet whet : s ly. bad. do.
is so
. be considered
with"
soils o
t Ask .
sthiborrelakilumirthiiiii
i iiktitiermitikettiouli
7 :
hailispersist•iktim.'
like ceidieaboCbaliNgl
i • API eta
:genii* to be ***hid fresh
_,
• Vin9l4 ahraii o .-401be efstsat
i•PiffikelOyanced,f64oo
'
19,
NON
Theie and. kindred! subjects, are begin
ningloioccupy the atbintionmf our farmers,
and the debt they owelto this society for its
efforts to awaken theirlattention to these itn,
portant facts, and to supply useful and prac
tical information in regard to them, is grad.
wally receiving a just' appreciation, as the
assemblage which surrounds us, and the ex
hibition upon the grutind most gratifyingly
prove.
Many of our agriculturalists are now vig,
orouslv Commencing the study of their soils,
the adoption of their ;measures to the soil
and the crop, the notate of .the plants they
cultivate, the food theY require, and the best
Method Of admiuisterittg that ni to produce
health and vigor and fruit ; and they nre be-•
coming convinced that to understand how
to plow, and sow and reap, is not the whole
education of a former;! but that it is quite us
impiirtant to know What land is prepared
for the plow, and what seed.it will bring to
harvest worthy of the labors of the sickle.—
Experience is steadily 'proving that by a due
attention to these coosiderutions, a better ar
ticle, doubled in quantity, may be produced
from the same acre of!groutid, with u small
proportionate increase Of labor and expense,
and that the farmer who pursues this im
proved system of agriculture, can kite the
merchant and mechanic referred to, enter
the market 'with a better production, at a
cheaper price, than his less enterprising com
petitor.
This change in the agriculture of our
State and country, opens to the mind reflec
tions of the most cheering character. If car
ried to its legitimate !result, it proririses a
compensation among our farmers, not to oh
tainihe highest price! fur inferior produc
tions, hut to produce the most, the beit, and
the cheapest, of the necessaries of human
life. It promises agricultural prosperity,
with cheap and good bread, furnished to
all who will eat within the rules prescribed
to fallen man in the sabred volume of the di
vine law.
Steady resolution and persevering energy,
are requisite to carry'fOrward the-e improve
moms to that degree iif perfection dictated
alike by interest and by .duty ; and thestim
ultis of a steady and Irentiineniting idarket
will rouse that resolutitm and nerve that en
ergy: Without this eticutiregement in pros
pect, few will persevere in making improve.
men 4 which require cline and constant men,
.sal application, as well as severe Physical
labor: Agriculture will never be healthfully
or profitably prosecuted by him whose cuff
trolling object is his oath consumption. The
hope•uf gain is the motive power to human
industry, and is as necessary to the for...er
as to the mechanic or manufacturer. All
who labor are equall y stimulated by 'the
prospect of a marketinch is to renumerine
theta for their toil, id without this hope
neither mental activity, nor physical energy
will characterize their exertions. True it is
that the farmers of ottr country ns a class,
calculate less closely the profits of their la
bor find capital, than !men engaged in most
other pursuits, and are content with lower
rates of gain.; The mast of them own their
farms, their sitocks and farming implements,
unencumbered by debt. Their business
gives but an ;annual return. They live fru
gally, tabOr patiently end faithfully, end at
the close of the year,!its expenses are paid'',
from its proceeds, the balance remaining be
ing accounted the profits of the year. Al.
though a moderate sum, it produces-con- 1
tenttnent, without n &imputation of the! rate
per cent upon the capital invested, oh the
wages it will pay the proprietor and the
members of his family The result is an ad
vance in the great object of human labor,
and, if not rapid, it is! safe and certain. It
is a surplus beyond the expenies of living,
to he added to the estate, and may be re
peated in each revolving year.
If, however, this surplus is left upon the
hands of the farmer, in his own productions,
fur which there is no• inorket, his energies
are paralyzed, his spirits sink, and he scarce
ly feels that the year has added to his gains.
He sees little encouragement in toiling on,
to cultivate beyond his wants, productions
which will -nut sali and the chances are,
that„his farm is neglected, his husbandry
becomes bail, and his gains in filet cense.
To continue a progressive state of im
provement in agriculttire, then, and to give
energy and prosperity to thisgreat 'mid vital
breach of human industry, is healthful and
stable market becomes indispensable, and
no object P h fluid more carefully occupy the
attention of the farmers of the United States.
Deeply impressetl=Siiils the conviction of
thictruth, benevolentj 'minds have cherished
the idea that a domestic market, to be in
flueticed. only by otti own national policy,
would be so far prefeOble_, in stability !and
certainty, to the open Xilarket of the_commer
cinl,world, as to bevel persuaded themselves
that a sufficient market for our agricultural
:products is thus attainable. It is not design
led to discuu the soundness of the theory,
;where it ;can be reduced •to kiiitice ; but
only /to inquire whether the state Of: this
country,. the condition of its society,, and .the
tendency "Ind inclination of its population,
sato their industrial ipursuitsi, are,such, nt
the ;foment time, or ican,tinexpected to be
such cop generatiornif )tet , to'Come,.as to ren
der it possible to consume within the coun
try: the surpluslof the productions of tate ag
rictilturie., The theory of att•exeliisiirelydo
mentic nuirketiorthtgrent-domestic inter
exiiii certainly -at .re ly
-. beautiful. One, - ! , as i
hMtiry,-and. can - naively , failitti strike- the
. indAnorablyaiptiii ar first 1 impnissityin...i
till, ezatuinatiou hits , Produced differences
1 4 Trinil9 , bet v eel.444firrompf Aril: iPtel•
Pfil#ff, fR4 O. I 4FIKMPD.: 4!4000, 1 0 1 10,0
,*Win, , , cogatrii,#. l :4l4. Ooptikonv9,, Any
r imAff#.l*lig 04, 1 ,101411,30:01..10,40 , ,so 11 '
4 4051400.
:..,lIRNP.OI I , I PMPO7.I_ . 00414. *IA, Dot
MlOPOrniegtft„.llol. - ' '.
kik:air s•V•
ilea purpose le sty, ik,ulimpprfoprifito,!tei
tba place and ticcsi : ~ - . '
Apply these . bri : and
_ '*4hteniliX pros
: *teltklifie Aiiikiit - .',tiatt) - 7 - 'illtfriCtittignl
Itild netiiir k‘libtry",. - frOtitiiiiteirinti'lli
ihrfitiiiii"niiiiiiitki** i ' j frAih"'' IriAititOir o in,
s aw, its cheep - • Alf liiiinpailth
I
- I
. . . .
.
:1, -,....
• ' '
9 . 5. ,
i .• : i
~ .
... .
~ . ~.
. I , 1 , ' . :' .'
'
NOi A DIFFERENCE OF PRINCIPLE/"'
ROSE, PA. SEPT, 30, 1847.
and who can hope, if be wOUld, to turn the
inchne m
tions of our people fro' this fair field
of labor and of pleasure? Here, the toil
which secures a certain / independence, is
sweetened by the constantly varying exhibi
tions of nature in her most lovely forms, and
cheered by the most benignant manifesta
tions of the woodekid power, and goodness
of nature'* God. Cultivatedtby the resohlte
hands and enlightened minds of freemen,
owners of the soil, properly educated as fltr
niers, under a,, , wise and just - administrati n
of a system Jr liberal public instructio is,
should and will he, and elided by the e
searches of geology and chemistry, who c.n
calculate the 'extent of the harvest to be ga It
ered from this vast field of wisely direco-d
human industry.
The present surplus of breadstufre of t is
country, could not base been presented in
a more distinct and interesting aspect th o
during the present year. A famine in u
rope, ns wide-spread as it has been devas a
ting and terrible, has made its demands p
on American supplies, not simply to the .x
tent and ability of the suffering to porch: se
fisod, but in super-added Appeals to Am:- i
cant sympathy in favor of the destitute a d
starving. Every call upan our markets I
beeh fully met, and the heart of Europe
been filled with warm and grateful reap n
see to the benevolence of our country, a
of our countrymen, and yet the avenues o
commerce are filled with - the productions o
American agriculture. Surely the consu p
li o n of this country is not now equal to it
agricultural productions.
If such is our surplus in the present li
ited and imperfect condition of our agric 11
tore, con we hope that an exclusive dom•s
tic market is possible, to furnish u dem
for its mature abindancel In this vie • o
this great and growing interest, can we e:
a limit to the ß eriod, when the United Sin e•
will present, in the commercial markets o
the world, large surpluses of all the variet e
of breadstuffs, of beef, pork, butter, chee-e
cotton, tobacco and rice, Beyond the C. n
su:nption of our own country I And w u
with the experience of the last few years e
fore him, can doubt that the time 14 now a
hand when the two great staples of wt.
and hemp will be added to tlie list of cap rt
ations I
These considerations, and others of a
dyed character, which time will not per
me to:detail, seem to rite, with unfeig
deference, to prove that the agriculture
the - United States," for an indefinite per
yet to come, must continue to yield ann .
supplies of our principal staples, far bey('
any possible detnAnd of the domestic it
ket, and must therefimre remain, as it
is, and ever line been, an exporting inter
As such, it must have a direct concern
rheifisttigo trestle anal aomtnitres-of thee°
try, and in- all the regulations of our e l
and foreign governments which affect eitl
equal to its interest in a stable and adequ
market.
• Lf this conclusion is sound; then- our
raers must surrender the idea of a (lane'
market to furnish the demand, and meas
the value of their productions, and m i
prepare themselves to 'meet 4he com pet it
(tithe cdmmercial world, in' the markets
the commercial world, in the sale of
fruits of their labor. The marts of c
*tierce must be their markets, and the
mand and supply which meet in those trial
must govern their prices. The demand
home consumption as an element in t
market, must directly and deeply irate
theta, and should be carefully cultiva,
and encouraged, while all the other eletn
acting with it, and constituting-together
demand of the market, should be slit,
wilt equal care, and, so far as may la,.
their power, rind constituent with other -
paramount duties, should be cherished
equal cure.
Does any One believe, that for generati l
yet tu'come the agricultural 'operations o
country are to be circumscribed within
rower comparative limits than the prose',
or that the agricultural productions. of
country are to bear a less ratio to our p
lotion and 'consumption than they now
1 cannot suppose that any citizen who
given his attention to the considerati;
which have been suggested, finds him'
able to adopt either of these opinions
the contrary, I think a far eiatnination
satisfy every mind that Our agricultural 1 1
plus, for an indefinite tame period, 1,
increase
.much more rapidly than our FH
lation and demand f:os domestic constr
lion. This I believe would be true Witt
the efforts of associations,
,such arthis
improve our agriculture. The condition
'the country - and inclination and prefer
of our population for agricultural puts
would render this result unavoidable;
if this be so, when the impetus given to, ag
ricultural productions by the improvements
of the `day—the individual and asiociated
efforts constantly making to push lor*ard
these improvements with accelerated move-
Metit—the magi of educatld mind turned
scientific 'researches in aid Of agriculturist
labor—and the immense bodies of cbed ,
and fresh, and fertile lands; which invited e
application of in improved agriculture,,a
added to the account, whoicatt mientunit, s o
t l
ezteut or duration ,of our agricultural r•
'plus, or doubt the stmndness of the colic ) -
Sion, that the ;export trade, must ezerci l lel a
great influence upon the market Of i the, ; 4.
ticultun il d ptialuctiou of the coantry for4o
long series of years yet to 61110 ?
~ , i '
Auchrisilie concltiiion te'which My Otil
mit
before:ad, (rum sit eximinstioo of this": b
jibe* ? in: its,domotitic *settees "liamitY ji bui
thireis i c tintalsei new piweei,lted of vOit.llliir
:niiiiit i i.o,nd engrafting Intefeit, and 0.if 1 0. 1 , 1 11
bit' alilii in*, ili l'ossou,, 6 pita, istaiiiii34 ',
thWrapubßeihi *Eat 44141 0144440 '
All Will t iiiidiiiii6 il m. ) 44 - reptritii ,
eillitir - led, prOlisiiii ofehinOja i
ICY aUthe ittincipat. 7 cotiikteretel . 4ki
'tfoiiiMd; lioiChipg 144iit . iii4he iii :40
aiiii4i: 4l 4o - klysii,,..tiY i_4o)*;'
' *Nil' , Hitt - isoimp r les -thiioiripi
hivola ,.doli.vioa' iiiiiiio.* - 041014)
illifeiiiiiill'aiio 54 idea% aid inibmii
I:=2/
LE NO. 68.
, 77.
-vents here clothe, ::,,ii th.th - -
. [Most super-hudi 'iv , — .e . ,li ir n r ce °f.
~igacity, the wisdoni
hieh thus preps d' dint 'cotintry t' '
t e visitation of fairtiini. ithich has 9 meet
, 1
ollowed, withoutL the liddava nal " evi l oo o n f l
tilimpling down tl systenni'ntlaws to min
jitter to the all-controlling n icellet' l-- ..ei of faun
ger. Changes similar in chars ' and Measurably equal !itrextent, thitutrki na.
ity cases temporal in duratiqn, itaia 'b um
Adopted by severe .'other European govem ;
ments, under circumstances which render
it Very doubtful haw icion,if ever, n return
Will be made to the former policy of a close l
trade in-the necesearies of human life.
New - markets of vast extent and incalcu
lable value have thus been opentl for our,
agridultural surplus, the durability and stea
diness of which. it is impossible yet to meas
ure with certainty. It is in our power to
say, however, that a great body tif proviica
dons to countervaffing restrictive commercial
regulations is now removed. ' Ili souse in-
Istances permanently, and in otheri teinpora
rily in form ; and it would seem to be the
Wisdom, for the agriculture of this.country,
by furnishing theie markets to the extent of
the demand, with the best articles, at the
fairest prices, to show to those countries,
and their gov,ernraents, that reciprocal com
mercial regulations, if they - offer no other
and higher attractions, present to their peo
ple a safeguard aainst starvation.
Such is the co nnection, now, betiveen our
agriculture •tuni the export trade and for-
eign market ; and these relations are to be
extended and strengthened, rather than cir
cumscribed and weakened, by our agricul
tural advances. The consumption of the
country is far shnrt of its 'production. and
eannot become equal to it within any'dalott
litble.period. On the contrary, the excess
qf production is to increase with the increase
of population and settlement. and the im
tirovements in agriculture and agrictilttiral
education. Theie 'appear to me tobe facts,
arising, from the conditions of the country,
And the tastes alai inclinations of our people,
fixed beyond the power of change, and to
which theories and principles
.of political
conotny must be conformed, to be made
practically, applicable to us.
I simply propose lo inquire as to a fact,
Which must control the .application of theo
ries and principles of . political economy,
Mouthing this point, to our country and its
agricultural popUlation,Twitinint raising any
question as to the wisdom of one or soUnd-
ness of the other, Is the coniuinption of this
country equal to its agricultural production,
or can it become so within any culculable
period of years l How is the fact ? May I
;tot inquire without offence, or trandscending
file limits I have,prescribed for myself in this
discussion 1 Can a fair examination sem
polonsly confined, 'to this point, , take a po
litcal bearing, or disturb a politcal feeling ?
It is certainly not my design to wound the
feelings of any member of this society, or of
any citizen of the country ; and I havecon
vineed myself that I , may 'peke this inqui
ry, and express the conclusion of my own
mind as to the result, with Out doing either.,
If I shall prove to be in the error, it will be
ail error as to the fact inquired after, and
not as to the soundness of principle in. polit-,
idol economy dependant upon the fact for
its application, because as to the soundness
of the principle I attempt ncrdiscussion and
offer no 'opinion. It will be an error as to I
the ,applicability of a theory; to our country,
and not as to the wisdom on policy of a the
ory, when it can be priictimilly applied. I
studiously refrain frith an expression, as
inappropriate here. With the indulgence of
the society, I will 'inquire as to the fact.
Our country cis very wide and very new.
Ii embraces every variety of elinuite and soil
most fiiVorable to agricultural pursuits. It
produces already almost every agricultural
staple, and the:most important are the ordi
nary procluctions of extensive sectiune of the
country, and aro now sent to the markets in
gl'eat abundance. ,
, Yet our tigriculture is in its infancy al
most everywhere—and its maturity nowhere.
It is believed to i be safe to assume that there'
is not one single agricultural county in the
whole Union, filled. up in en agricultural
senee—not one such county which hest not
• land to be brought into cultivtition ; and much
wore land, the ultivatiou of which is to be
'materially improved, before it cin be. con
sidered as having reached thy4easure of its
tiO pocky forproduction. If this be true of
e best cultivated'agricultural county, in the
robin, how vast is the propoui n- of thos e
;aunties' which !have entire towns ips, and of
• totes which hese not merely utter, but
entitle disiricts,!yet wholly un pied, and
tinreelaimed fr m the, wilderness tute.
, i When to thi brood area of A agricultu
ral field of our country we add immense ter
rlitoatrii6eisi,t, orga co nize pa d ri a ti o ie d
" u n n s cr i g d a p n c ized isso , who
and
can compote i he , agricultural . capacity,
.of
the United Sta es, , or fix a- limit to the peri
whenpur surplus agricultural prodUctions
ill ittarease r t,h.rinereMangyeare and-pop-,
' 840 with the ap t of the 'Union, and wit •
i pare,
- flees the,infree , of , *Onion'. 1,12- the new
Static, which Fel almost exclusively nri
enheril I acrd o I can - doubt .the.strong and
resiXtleso inclination of Ottr . plmpla_Obill
1 1
pursuit t ni •
Cennicitwit these CoOltierw, iioni ; of , ext
t'ent'Of „county s llivereiy 11icki14,triorieties
l'clinsate,fl pao4! or pripe4tlenhiva
t on, the,;inn nt niTic,ullural„,prooPects,pf
Iti 1
t ,:i 'i"unt - rt . • W ni#,lb' rllud:,*PnCoi;
*.!111.114,04.11_ years .in the. 411piflow.,*
;
our oclispoi ! .w 04 , ! )wid;finniaiiiynf
?Or RteAlati, )0k?-9 1, - fi 1 0" -btildth , Pf
-1 544; a OA° k , -.!04 1 0 1 2 111 4111ibilem*:
iirm! r* It * 4bor :Kb rimisi.4.
1 ; :o
- 04 ' *0 a iti '.' ~ r4Srk vrAtclisne
F is
. ~ ... •.1 •• tia zi o iii to • iiiiii , •
l', ' in . tilli 0 14 , 1 * •," - I P, • - I , F i e i i, . ,9,.
' '( ' .i a 0904 ' 'i At' ;ilk' . diairait*
04 1 . 3 00.4), 4 1 biEkWPOOM I 47 11 0,1 1 '
'W#O Ol °SO ) O,,. A 1 74 - -* $44":011i - Yi- 1 4
IPPOeFfit _ :. mu ‘3O-to ***lto*
i 2,
sitit
I
,f)001!tRnk 1 . 110,00N-..0m4c0104*
.brtip.p)ift 1FP,4 4 ,41/(amkiit Kw .04•, OP!'
1 *a A s a '..64tete a departiisenlie !mil
ii
I P
1 nt)
1 o 0
i
~'
~'
:
,
mmlnm!!im
- 4..iii:'ll:lo l ira- -
Adakiiimarloi me na ill ,l iseo
et row d Filliestopoo, oto mm e r )
4
fit lb. Ink -YM. . els 4 114#81114
liebauhago
Yeolly . 0000),- , 11. *ease /41-
taratiokaat arallialia =" -' • P 1;,; - - ' , A f '
Qua& oollapi,,t with tbe , ant iota., ~ ai; 00
Holt coil*,
.. i
_Ati , -.. . '..-* 1 . - ga l a)
Clue calikaa, E da l : -AO,"-- iS GO ...
BasisoriVords. i , --do , • di) _ ii IN,
All - Who id: iiastiatit siosiimego
Leueis to *Mahar oa 106 , . ' 'd
eal intik be pommel. ' i' ' , .-1 f •
great and tillPervodin sYsteto,:.(lfitll,a'
modichoolefiucation, subject at; there
tlna
receiving - the; especial attention a;d *et
pressed forward with t renewed enitilitv of
this society'. :Behold
„uttaiberiqsaes- ,
sonbeing himored with the high,* itolo-
moniaht of learning cunferted lin Walloon
try, devoting!tbeir liven to chemicalrathi
°logical researches calCulamd to! evolm,,,
05
laws of natme,connected witli.ark ~
production. Go into colleges andriani4' .
cohorts of kerning, and count* ntunbeiof
Young men toiling indestriously ifoi thistrili-
Plontai, to qualify ,themsehroll !to becooto,
practigd and ' successful tartnere aerelltY
coos Viced that. equally with the Clerical. the -
legal, and the medical or
agriculture requires a, th orough and Ow
spurn
}foie education, and iris successful , ractles
the exercise; of an acti -d ' der
'diligent t
, venue 11111 cl
'diligent study. 1 '
i I
The Arnericatfanne r , then, 1 while csure
full Y studying, he should net fiiikto de r
-the necessities, , th e wants and taste ' of all
classes of cansuMers of his Preducti*
his own country, must nothinocisreseare
es for a market within those i n rrowilimits,
He • must extend his observatiens along tha
avenues of ;commerce, as far as the
merce of hit country extends,i c o. caulhe e '
tended, and instruct himself as 'to the wau s
and tastes of the ;consumers Of agrieultu I
productions in other cotintrie". He mu
observe attentively the course Of trade, a
the causes calculated to exert a favorable
adverse infiiience upon it—writ h chniely ig
ii
commercial policy of other 'countries, a 4
guard vigilantly that of his owns —acalum
date his productions, as far as' mail be, ci
the pr,obable demands upon the market , a 4
understand how to prepare them for the 4
ticular market for -which they , tire denigne '
Next to the production of thehest article t
the cheapest price; its presentation in
market in the best order and, moat thvitin
condition, ii important to secure to the -I
mer a remunerating market. 1 ?
So loft es our agriculture shall contin
to be an exporting interest, these co sid e "
tiqus, at second only to the science i'of pro
ductionitselt, will demand the carefol atten
tion and study of , our farmers i d and tin any
well digested system of agricultural [Own
non, its connection with manuactu4 and
the mechanic arts, with cotton rce, WO a
commercial policy of our owo d ot*r a -
I n
tions, and :with the domestic and own
markets, should hold a promin nt phi
A thorough and continued, decline! i
these callateral, but highly necessary bran -
es of knowledge to the farmer, williljpro e
extensively: useful to the American a
.
beyond the application to i t irii . prod cti
and Bali of the • fruits of his lalo r, They will
-qualify bin? the more safely 11111 intellige lt
ly to discharge the duties of a
,reemae, a d
if calla liyi hie fellow citizens o dOno,
more b eneficially: to serve; his State a d
country in legislauve and other Public tgr
I hope I may offer another opinion • , n
this connection , without giving offence,i, r
passing upon the proprietiesf theNple
and occasion. It is that this ducation 1,, 11
il
'the just and true connection be weeu the •
riculturid,.the commercial, and the, sled
factoring Interests of ' the cciuntry, ,equal
and impartially disseminated' among it (
classes of nitizens attached - tallach of th
great branches of labor, would effectual
put an end the jealousiesi,tfrequen
excited ; demonstrating to ev ry mind,
educated, that, so far from ei er tieing
any degree . the natural antagonist of the ot
er, they are all parts of one great and nat
rally harmonious system of 'industry,
which a fair encouragement of any part
a benefit to all L and that all invidious i
pailial encouragement to any part at the Mt
pense of,any other part, will prove to be an
injury' to all. : The education proposed will
do ell that can be done to mak f t the true- ii,
between natural and h lib i 1 encoura e
tuent to either int crest,.arid lan undue t
li it.
tempt to advance any on at the,expenseiof
the united system, merely producing an a
natural and artificial' relation and acti , -
which cannot fail to work disease and in u--
,
'7. ,
, -
The labors of this' societyi and, of kindred
,
associations, have done much to inform the
, minds of our farmers inl these Collate 1.
branches 0 knowledge might; to there, a
much remains tube done. i The science of
production claims the first t place, and is a
•
wide field, as yet so little coltivated es to of
but 'rime for collateral . labors. To
secure a s able and healthful market, and
learn howl to retain and improve it, also •
open an extensive field for the omit& lanert
and , energies of the farmer, , 1 Between them
objects the relation is intimlto, and,the
pendenceutial. The ~production ma
the market and the ertisrliet[suitainctite.
duition• l i ke relaOset.of ill mar ket
_„ , i ti ', 6= l
lates to activity in the fisig 01 proaustm.,
and.the fruits of that activiiy urge *min&
to make the prospect real. tau*” in benk
contribute" tothe health and;t)gor olod Pm'
PeriV ofliirc •
uilwk and F prosperity,prosperity, conrAceand and.; en fto
Pinsk& , •
,:: t ,4.—
All are nilinth 4P
agricultirt im er
in our state and connirg; Meet
efeJel. 4.7; 1 9,4041 an actin:inkolleingtonined
an i ere ehearriiltollu ~ ' aortal
uibli;jinaiiirment in, ' ono lifillith
prodaco.-24aeirhr The aigliookribithor*
tn - .lM‘bo4ti i AdoPtior 4P .4." 11 4 SW*
erect *4 4' • , , liviii% *ma
mai. ih•lllmi 'it kai; •.
o t z
o t
1 1 1,... •,•,, :. *r a j? li th d" i tel
_e - - ~ ,
rr i ""P l it - ,
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