the ileavlt's 'abtioratt.,
:POW & BQND. .
Office.o s{ nr F , : st,,4ide of the A"ublic Avep4e z )t ; I
' - • -
TERMS. - -ILONE DOLLAWa year in adtince;
pne Fifty Cents if noc. paid ve,itliin- tbree ,
months, a:naM'tletattntil after the exfiriition , of
tht , 'year twcrdolltus , willtbe exacted. • 1
Discontitutances optieuaLccith the Publishers, un
less atreirq - .."- '
LeftCritnne Tabli`allefil cm imsin'eak ihe
utuatinsipast•paid to insure attention. — •
Post )•
Wilq:iliost beautiful of 4111.14164reatoutur,1 0 6.
jucts j.s uuV. f lite great IVesterp rrairiei..lt is a:sen
f flos.vfm4ml so (-Jar:memg ns to dazzle the senses!.
tell roily ill>e esll6d n's .-: 2 .Nctei of
Trri:liir. .
The Prairie--God' Garden.
forWied, the "world for beauty
Ead litintiriu the air,
Thtin , elkithed in its lovelineis,
Anti called-it " good" and fair.
are the burni ! ,lied Heavens,
With all their Orbs of light ;
lleigavethe Stars-the lustre
Thzit they shed upon the night.
,Il mtdc the Mighty Ocean,
• 'tts,gratidcur and its grace,
Aral dive its mystic ,splendor
'At; a mirror for His face.
Net ; nobler emblem halli He
done :treater, none more free,
NI symbol half so touching
s the bounding, Mighty Sea.
Tlo Mountains in sublimity- •
monnments shall stand;
To, teach us wondering mortals •
- The Workship of his hand.
Upon their iniglity - hill-sitle,
remid. their summit high,
:HA name is wrote in alory
••••• • 7
n power and majesty.
•
liiii
But oh! the blooming Prairie,
Here are Go4lloial bowers;
0411 that He hath Lamle on earth
!:The loNliest ace. the Timms. -
This is the Alrefighly'p garden,
and the utotnittOriii,"Ft.Fs and a"
t a l'utughi...94pgred in beatify
WititGtritA'earle - n Prairie free.
Speech 4f Wm: Sine on - CanierOU, of
Pa., ofitheßeatiction of tht Tariff
oS 1)§41.
Mr. Paxsunzrr : I feel no little reluctance
in addressing the Senate on this subject.—
Ifiny owni;fee.lings were consulted, I should
certainly prefer to be silent, and to leave to
others moire able, more 'eloquent, and more
- experiencell iwdebate, the task of exposing
the inconsistenCies, and follies, and, the ru
inous effects of the measure now before the
Senate. piiough has indeed been'already
said to prtfvent its passage, if truth Were to
prevail ; I am in strong hopes that it
will y.et. :lot defeated; for it seems.!noiv so
poor, that there is none to do it reverence—
not one to; raise his voice in its favor. But
I cannot suffer a vote to be aken till I have
exprekied f‘•my hostility to its passage, and
said sometjing in defence of the industry of
my State,'which it is calculated to ruin:
A come here the representative of a State
deeply interested in the development ofher
resources,: and in festering and protecting
the indukty of her cifizens i a State which
has eipended more blood and more treasure
in The conitmon defence than any State in
the Union; a State that has never aSked
am favorfroni the Union,. and which has
received as little benefit from it as any one
in it ; even the fort which -wad built for the
defence ofZher city, with the money of her
own citizens,- las been suffered to go to de
cay by the general government; .a State
proverbial for the democracy of her sons—
so much io that no democratic' President
was ever elected 'without her rote; nay, one
which pevtir gave a- vote against a demo
cranc.candidate for the presidency, until she
believed tl.4tre. ono a settled design to desert
her dearly ;cherished interests.
You carp therefore, Mr. Presidnt, ima
gine my stirprise when I find our time-lion
ed commoliwealth- charged with want of de
mocracy iti her opposition to this bilL. From
our end ofhe wide domain to, the other she
doe. , opitost. it; and if. I fail to show 'that
she-has abinniant cause, it will not be for
the want of defects in the bill itself. So far
as she is edemerned, it can produce evil, slid
evil only.
The support of a system of protection for
the labor of her citizens is with herhot new.
It is a less'fin she learned from the fathers of
the republic, and which was practised with
uniform uitd unvarying consistency by all
her early settlers. Her sons have nht, and
I trust in qod never will prove recreatit to
the, wholesome lessons of their ancestry. - It
is to thii" practice' and to these lessons that
she owes her present prosperity and faille.
Vro wheie you .will, there is but one senti
ment now iervading-the public mind on, this
subjeCt.: I.t. has grown with her growth; and
strenthene# with her strength ; and there is
a cry cotathguphow from all lier borders,
echoed froth every hill and from every valley,
kohl her very bowels, as you saw the other
411iy, by the petition which I presented from
her hardy ,miners , whose habitations are un
der ground-: from every villa g e, from every
work-shop;from evely farm houseis the cry
heard, invititink as to interpose between theme
and ruin, lEvery leglilature for year has i I
instructed her representatives here to adhere' I
to her favorite policy; and no man'haslever
presumed la ask her favor without admitting
the
,itistic e pls i d propriety of her views upon
this bl/1):14 . et;- and I may add, Mr;I: President,
.teoi. betide Ihe man what Magi his siticidat
hand agaihst hey, now iti the `hour of her
!,
extremity. . • ,
I have 419. id her favor ,was never aeked,
without a glefige,,,to support her views. ,Itrosi
knew, Sir; tiow it' was in 1844. I need not
tell you thit-yOti4ould nofaciwtteetipi . that
choir but for•tli6 assarances=the eft Teiterat
ed,easuranties-.-thather policy would .not be
disturbed. i i You and I remember ihe scenes
of that dap? ! We cannot forget die /lap and,
banners which ivere 'carried inite prioces
kiioar oflierbiernOeracy-, :pendia; the efeetiiiii
whichresulted in the: ttiomph of Ouiliarty:.
It lanoot, 4 Quoit:not te :be disouieedetbati
ittii
bu tftl4
Pf , assWances P.I
T.-4. l ch I ,l4vte aIT.
lud !-.1, tliat4riumpli Weyervrpnid ifave been
oh - eif.` I'l reineinber "Ate - iirizietY 'which'
•pe tAiti 41Ie -minds ofpOlitiectinif '-ontiFtlii"
publicatiooiof the Acne letter; and . I .ealstot ,
- for;4 lbe . p>ios that, tvere: tate byithe leads ,
nix.r,;tor':4 l ..e.PanY AG' Porwi'ooo the- Peotde
^ Tttlt.; . • - .lr.
"•1 ! 7
)
..< ~
IBSE
il l
i ! s
=I
1111 M
MilMi
ATOLP
„,.• •
that
1 , 'as evidence
.. ,' i l
•a . 4 7 „m ento 't a
pro
Wet!oin .ntereAt.ffsrconfiding.eltizens
gave th4r - stipPort , ..likkond faith, Ind they
expected good faith in return. The letter
Was published ie . English and 'Gera*, in
evety denweratie paper inahe Statn;nrid in
ipalulthletS,l4Z..,t•bens t ands-, Every democrat
pi:tnted to il...iwn satisfactory tariff letter,
iind no democrat doubted it. It is not Baying
too much-to ascribe toiliat letter, mainly,
the democratic-majority of the State. Sure
ly, honorable men will not now, since the
hattle!lias been fought '_and the honors won
by it, evade the responsibility, by saying
:that too liberal -a construction was put upon
#. If. it was wrongly applied, there was
'lime enough for its contradiction between
'ibe time of, its publication and the election.
;he party majority in this hall maybe fairly
ittributed to that letter; and I ask honora
ble
Senators if they expect that majority can '
be retained if this bill shall become a law 1 '
..I warn then now of a sudden and swift de-
Struotion which awaits us, if Punic faith is
:to govern - the counsels of 'the democratic
Party. It is to avert what I believe would be
a dire calamity--;-the prostration of demo-
Crane principle—that I raise my voice to
!arrest the further progress of this bill. - ,
1 It Would be needless to take up , the does
trine of protection to defend it, if it' were,:
Pot for, the disposition recently manifested
to ape everything British, and to shape our
legislation to suit subjects of the British I
Crown. A new order of democracy seems, !
however, to have arisen in these latte'r days ; !
and for the especial benefit ofits high priests II
will read the opinions of the founders ofthe !
republic who participated in - public affairs
from the foundation of the g overnment--who e -
framed its fundamental law—and who fought
its battles' in the Revolution and the last
War. The people of Pennsylvania still have
pctfalence in the democracy of those pure .
inid great men;_ and time was whenahey
vere considered as the pillars of Ihp democ
. ,
risey of dui Union. ,
Eitract or a speech of George Wapiin,gton,
IPresident of the United Stater, to Con
'gress, January 8, 1790. -
." A free people ought not only to be
1
armed, but disciplined; to which end a uni- '
foim and well dig ested plan is requisite; and
'their safety and interest require that they
Should promote such manufactories tis tend
tolrender them independent of others for es
!sehtial, particularly military .supplies.
j" The advancement of agriculture, com
nterce, and. manufactures, by all proper
means, w ill not, I trust, need tecommenda-
Lion."
'.}
;, - tract o f a speech of George Washington,
I Vesidentof the United Stites, to Congress,
1 becember 7, 1796. I
1 " Congress have repeatedly, and not with
brit success, directed their attention to the
F ncoara g ement of manuafactures. The oh
jeCt is of too much consequence not toiusure L.
,ii i lintinutitice of their of ip every way
' Which shall appear eligible."
.EXtract of a speech of John Adams, Presi-
I
dent of the United States, to Congress,
INTovember 22, 1800.
' ' The manufacture of arms within the
V '
rated States still invites the attention of the
rational legislature. At a considerable ex
'nse to the public, this manufacture has
been brought to such a state of maturity as,
With continued encouragement, will super
sede the necessity of future importations from
• -
foreign countries."
r. x tract of -a message from Thomas Jeffer
t, ;son, President of the United States, to
'Congress, December 8, 1801.
,
" liculture, manufactures, commerce,
, 1 0
A. a
rid navigation, the four pillars of our pros
-perity, are the most thriving when left most
.tree to individual enterprised. Protection
- Ann casual embarrassments, however, may
"dunes be seasonably interposed."
c
tract of a message from Thomas Jeffer-
I !son, President of the United States, to
. .1 ;Congress, December 2, 1806.
j " The duties composing the Mediterrane
ari.fund will cease, bylaw, at the end of the
?iesentsession. • la P Considering, however,
thin they-are levied chiefly on luxuries, and
Shpt we have an impost op salt, a necessary
eflife, the free use of which otherwise is so
important, I recommend to your considera
tit* the suppression of the 'duties. on salt,
Pncl the continuation of 'the Mediteranean
ri4Hl instead thereof, for a short time; after
;which, that also will beconie unnecessary for
ierty puipose now within contemplation."
: -i ,, When both of these branches of - revenue
'bid], in this way, be relinquished, there will
f in
; .IL ere long, be an accumulation of moneys ,
ri the treasury, beyond: the instalments.of i
tiblic" debt, which we are permitted .by
contract to pay. They cannot, then, with
imit-aanodification, assented to bjithe public
breditirs be. applied 'to the extinguishment
i pfitlus . ,delt, and the. complete liberation of'
Otir revenues, the most desirable of all ob-
eps; nor; i f our pece continues, will they
wantin,,,is f or any other.' existing' purpose.
7 1 he question therefore mow comes inward
-1 p what other objects shall theie surpluses
pe appropriated, #nd the whole surplus of
i Post, a ft er tile eutire.discharge of the pub
, l debt, and during those intervals when the
Eurposes of war' shall not call for theml-L,_
r Shall we suppress the impost, and - give
,_,advantage to loreika over domestic'
f nunfacturesl On a few articles, of ; more
-
),,ivt
.
ineral use, the inpniesSion, in due seasop,
will - datibtless be riiftti - but tho grpiit:intiss
lokthe articles on ivhich itipoitis paid' are
ifoiiign:Juinries, fpurchnseti; by those only
11 1 10, rich , Vulut - Au airord. thorns/Yes'
1 4
1 . 115 f them.,i. ,iteir, pay:44ooA, w 544
tl'rtainfy prefer itii.cOntiiitipace and, appliett
'6ll4.3"'ilt'' aren' t :Pirposea' of' the - po,blie,
it 4
pation, roads,nvers, caualsi , liind'sdeh*
' tk,_ okitof eblininiproviniektaaithiay .
thought Pro tio tuld , tpAppoaltitAttioa-r
Id tenurneration 43t: era! powent.," , ,
,: -
'4. • . I .- ...e : ".--,J ,-, •
Ertract,, of A MP -l Awn , Timinalf ;I.Pffer
ti
ifa,'Fielident' of p jignited;*ates, kl l
iaPongresa r Novetaiei - '4BOB ".. :: ''' i
-eirnderthe'.4.4444 ' eirtrineiiril
yntfitimeting-rarhisp the qicnlty of tpr
t4F4P 3 fr_rniti:O i, rotil 4 1 0 : 4 1 FlbaNak;
, , •
:'
MEM
LEE
NEM
ME
El
r" EVERY DIFFERENCE OF OPINION IS
-
MONTRSE,. PA. Til
EMS
.
" fa" The suspension of our foreign' com
merce-, produced by the injustice of belliger
. cut powers, and the, consequent losses and
:sacrifices of our citizens, are subjects of just
ccincern. The situation into which we have
t ;
'thus been forced, hasinipelled us toripply
La portion of our industry and capital to in
ternal nianufacturesandimprovements The
'extent of this conversion is daily incre ing,
Land little doubt remains that the es blish-
I
.iments formed, and forming will, and r the
auspices of cheaper materials and s bsist
ence, the freedom of labor from taxatioi with
. us, and of protecting duties and prohibitions,
.become permanent.
lc
" The probable accumulation of sur i lases
' of revenue beyond what can be appl ed to
',the
payment of .the public debt, whenever
ithe freedom and safety' of our cone—
i!shall be restored, merits the considers,
',!Congress.; Shall it fie• unproductive i
l',public . vaults? Shall the . ae venue I
Iduced I Or, shall it not raTher be a
priated to the improvements of road
fials, rivers, education, and other great',
dations of prosperity and union?" I
I ' Extract of a message from James Mad
it President of the tinted States, to Coni
May 23, 1809.-
1 " The revision of our commercial
proper to adapt them to the art
iment which has taken place with
MBritain, will doubtless engage the ear
ention of Congress. llt will be we
hat the/same time, of their provident cm
li make such further alterations in the la'
will more especially protect and fost
;several branches of manufacture which
'been recently ius:ituted or extended b
ll laudable exertions of our citizens." I
liExtract of a messaah from Janies Mad
Mil
nt situation ,rind: dispositions of L
fiulus4 to,direct .our whole efforts
tneaus of internal supply. The.public
ries have therefore been enlarged, addi
maeliineries erected,- and in proporti
artificers ion be•found formed, - th
fect,,already more than doubled, may
;creased so as to keep pace with the
increase of the militia:. Er . The
;sums appropriated by the latter act
been directed to the encouragement
sate factories of arms, and -contracts
r _lee'n. entered into with individual un
ikers to nearly the amount of the first
'appropriation.
President of the United - States, to Con
Nov., 29, ,I SO9.
. .
" The face of our country every'
!presents the evidence of laudable ente ,
!of extensive capital, and oklurable im rote
ment. la*' In a cultivation of the mat rials,
!and the extension of useful manufac ores,
; more especially in the general applicat on to
household fabrics, we behold a rapid dimi
nution of our dependence on forcig sup
iplies. Nor is it unworthy of reflectio that
ithis revolution in our pursuits and ha its is
Tin no slight degree a consequence of hose
limpolitic and arbitrary edicts by which the
!contending nations, in endeavoring each of
;t men. to obstruct our trade with the other,
shave so far abridged our means of procuring
'the productions and manafactures of which
;our own are now taking the place."
Extract from a message of James Mat"
iPresident of the United States, to
gress, Dec. 5, 1810.
fi " 1 fed particular satisfaction .in ren
~
'ring that an interior view of our Countrj
?cents us with grateful proofs - or its su '
Itial and increasing popularity. To a
:JIM agriculture, and the improvementsl, e'
ted to it, his added- a highly inter
h ' , extension of useful manufactures, the I
bined product of professional occup4
sand household industry. Such, indent
;the experience of economy, as well S
policy, in these substitutes for supplies!
tofore obtained by foreign commerce, 1
?in a national view, the change is refit
c t s of itself more than a recompenss
!those privations and losses, resultin g )
!foreign injustice, which furnished th
feral impulse required ' for its accom
fluent. How far, it may be expedie
guard the infancy of this improvemet
ifthe distribution of labor, by regulatio
14. he commercial tariff, is a subject IN
' , cannot fail to suggest itself to your pat
sefiections."
Extract of a 'message from James Mad
- President' of the United States, to
gress, Nov. 5, 1811.
!, "Although other subjects will press
ion of
on your deliberations, ,
ii. ion of them - cannot but be well best
M'on the just and sound policy of sec
to our manufactures the success they
attained, and are still attaining, in som
kree, under the impulse of causes not
Ipanent.
1, " Besides the reasonableness of s
!!
lour manufactures from sacrifices nil'
Icli ange of circumstances might. brin
them, the national interest requires
hvi th respect to such articles at least a
Jongto our defence and our primary w
`l}!6 - e should not be left in unnecessary d
pence on external supplies."
lExtlact of a Message from James VI icon,
S President of - the United States, to on
.'.gross, Dec. 7; 1813. ,
!" If the war-has increased the into Top
'tions' of. our commerce, , it has at the
4ime:T.berisbed and multiplied our man
ures,lso -as.to make us independent
- other countries for the more essential br
Os,'!foriwhich we'ought.to 'depend on
am] is_taiiidly giiing - them ans..itent '
: will' create additional staples in our f
• )ntercou ,
..s ri4e ! :Wity' i fore , i 4 ga markets." .
Extractata Message from lames Mad
•Ii President of the United - - - States,' to.
I! :, gi.essi Decj 6;1[815.'; ,-- . •
‘‘:ln adjuitint'the' 'duties' Oti - iikipin
e Object ntrevenue,...the influencco
„
rtitr' ' an- manufactures-win necessarily
' ' itself - ft:or' consideration : ' - gooey*
thcoif . Makhe 'WWII: lealeavesAO'
... ,
- Oil*" aairinterest of individuals the '
OW% of their industry .and resources,'
1, )
10e ia,this,' as - in 'other mases, : ,e*Ceptio
1 - thi• - i4OO, :o'l4'; ,POOAcAbe-ow
',,
. ~.,
,
-', • ,
--1
. +I.
NOT A DiVFERENE 'Or PRINCIPLi."-4EFFERSON.
' ' I
RSDA:Y . AlfdiTST 20, 1846.
whieb.the theoryitself iniplies, of a recipro
cal adoption by Other nations, experience
teaclins that so many circumstances Must
cone* in introducing and maturing manu
facturing establishmentr, especially of the
moratComplicated kirids,that a country May
remain long without them, although Suffi
ciently advanced,jand id somnrespects pe
culiarly fitted for carrying them on With
'success. Under , eirennistances giving a
a poiVerful impulse to manufficturing-indus
try, it has made dmong: us a progress, and
exhibited an efficiency, which justifies, the
belie that, with a" ,, pr 4 tection not more than
is dun to the enterprising_ citizens whose in
terest§ are now at steke, it will become, at
an Orly day, not only safe against occas
ional 'coMpetitions friim i abroad, but a source
of domestic wealth, and even,of external,
commerce. - In selecting the branches mine
especially entitled to the public patronage, a
prefereike is obv.Mu4y; claimed by such as
will relieve the United States from a depen
dance on foreign; supplies, ever subject to
casual failures, fornrtieles necessary for the
public defence, or connected with the.pri
inarY wants of individuals. It will .be an
additional recommendation of ,particular
man factures,
where, the materials for them
are extensivel y chimp from our agriculture,
and .consequently impart and insure to that
ureat;fund of national prosperity and 4:We
e.)
pendence an encouragement which cannot
fail to be rewarded.": ' •
pe,
o the
acto
;mini
n as
sir ef
[ • in-
La e n a u rlyi
hat-e
'f pri
have
rta
! oar's
eree
ion
n the
re
pro.
,
ca
foun-
I shall now show, , by the connexion be
tweem the agricultural and manufacturing
interests of Pentitylvfaain, how entirely ap
plicable this % i,m, ! is to the prt sent state of
thingr. •
; .
Extract of a message - from James Madison,
President of the United States, to
,Con
gress, Dec. 3, 1816.
~ rt is to be regretted that a depression is
expeiieneed by particular branches of our
manufactures, atul by a portion of* navi
gation. As the first proceeds, in an emin
ent degree, from tin excess of imported filer
hhandise, which carries a check iu its ow
) 2
tendency, the cause in its present ext , t,
cannot be of londuration. ' The evil will
1
not, however, be viewed by Congress, with
out-a recollection 'Allot Man ufactur,in g estab
lishments, if suffered to sink rip, low, or
languish too long / may not relive ivheri the
causes shall have ceased Oind that, in the
vicissitudes of bunion affairs,: situations May
_recur, in which t defiendance, on foreign
soureus for indispendible stipplies may be
among the most Triqus: emblu - raksmeniS."
Extract of a mesiage from .Fames Monroe,
President of the United States, to ton
gress, Dec. 2, 1817".
-, '+` Our manufaeturog will require the con
tinued attention of Congress. The Capital
employed in then is [ considerable, and the
knowledge acquiied inithe Machinery and
fabric of all the Most useful': manufactnres,
is of great value. Their preservation, Which
depends on due encouragement, is connect
ed with the high interests of the nation."
Extract of a message from James Mourne,
President of the United States - , to Con
gress, Dec. 7, 1819. ' ;
=II
BE2I
Paws,
nge
reat
at-
ii rtot
Ire, to
33:13
121211
i y the
!son,
here
rise
" The great reduction in the price of the
principal articles irf s doniestic,growth, which
has oecurred during the present year, ,and
the consequent fall in dip price of labor,i,ap
parently so favorable to the success of do
mestic mannfactuits, hake not shielded them
against other canes ;adverse to their pros
perity. The pecuniaiy einbarrassments
whit have so deply affected the commer
cial interests of tke nation have been no less
adverts to our manufacturing establish
ments in several . section of the Union:
"An additional cause for the depression
of the establishments may probably be
found in the pecunia6- ,etnbarrassinents
whieh i have recently affected those coun
tries - kith which;our commerce has heen
principally prosecuted. . '
;'son,
Con-
" Their manufacture. 4, for the want of 'a
readyfor profitable market tit home, have
been 'shipped by 'the manufficturers to the
United Suites, and, in many Instances, fold
at aAorice below their cnrrent value at the
plaes bf manufacture., Althoual this prac
ticemay, from its nature, ,be considered
temporary or contingeni, it is not, on that
accbion less injurious in - its Rffects. Uni
formity in the demand and price of an arti
cle is highly desirable tO the idomeStic
tijan
ufaciturer.
s of
hich
iotic
!Ron,
Con-
"It is deemed of great :importance to
givelencouragemeneto our dome-qic nianu
factires. In what manlier the evils which
hay, been adverted t a o inay •be remedied,
and how far it tarty be practicable, inroi her
restects, to atrord to' them further encOur
aehent, paying. did re r gaid to the other
greit interests of the submitted to
thelvisdoin of Conzettss.!"
ore
por
wed
ring
lave
• de
per-
nng
ha
Extact from a tne.tigeiof .fames Monroe,
fresideut of tlie United States, to ,Cton-
1- on
that,
s be
-114 nts,
pen-
tress, Dec. 5, .AB2ll
, • • .
4 k may fairly be, presumed , . that under
the prtutection given, to domestic manufac
tues hy the existing.laws, we shall be.come,,
at no distant period,-,s manufacturieg cnm
trj On an extensive v4e. 'Poss e ssing ) iris
w 4 dO , • the- rawf materials I in , such , fast
'Monet, with. a cepalityt to, augment -diem
to an indefinite clittent ;Fraiging within the
csuutry.,alitnent of ever kind, to an-amdunt, 1
Or i., exceeding the deminid-i for home don.:
somption, even n , the' most mfavorible 1
ytur4 i
and to be btained , always at a 'itiod
el* price ; shill d, ids°, asniirpeople ire,
it, itlmechanic. Srts, , tinilin every imprtive
ill -‘
e V Palcutated to, , Lesseil the -demand for, ,
iißdltlie, price of Jabal., , lit is manifest • hat ,
. 10T-iiucceist-in everyihriuich.ofdomesti; n-
Witt' Army and-Wilt he 'carried, under the
ne, went:' Yen. ibyl.theipresesit duties,'
, att extent:to! Oteeti any demand, with' ,
j.
d t i alai*. CAnnPetitio4mSy: tie•made up
n i 1,, -.• ,•-.
4',- coosiderable:; ma6easia ,Orldimir'ptic
mut ufeetores, , b diininOkir4 the importa
• 1 . .foreigu, , . • I;prohatily tend toldiseni
Oil ~ # ,t of , 7 e.: liiibhc 1-rerehueel •'• 1 : 11;'
how l oler,,it laige : nor*ond l ef the rave ue
whiClas derived runt lipties is miCied riots
ante
fee-,
f all
neh
iiee;
!bleb
re
son,
on-
to
the
Ps
wise
e sit=
ePt-
186
IWO,
El
1
..:.-.,
~,,..,...:
t -,
.., ~...
...,, _, ~.,..
c
N. N _.
10
other articles than manathctares t ; 'the de
mand, for wli h will increase witl4 our pop
ulation, it is •.•lieved that funds . Is'4l still be
raised._ from . 1, .at - wurce - * adequate to the
greater part • the public expendittiree.,- .
" It cannot' be doubted that the' Com
plete put inte nal resources, and t ss de
pendant we II re, for every natio as well o
as domestic i rpose, the greater and more
stable will ••• the public felicityt By the
increase of domestic manufacturep will the
demand for the rude materials at home - be
increased; and dins will • thedepe(idance of
the - .several parts of our Union onieach oth
er, and the svength of the Union finself, be
prormrtionahl augmented., In this ptocess,
which obvio ' ly present themse4 , e to sup-'
ply ndeficien y in the revenue, shoal it oc
cur, Are thointerests Which may derive the
'principal benefit froth the change: 1 •
Extract of a 'message from Jaineli Monroe,
Presidentf the' United States; to Con
gress, Dec 3, IS4
i 2:: i' •
i
1
" From th best i linformation that have
beentible to btain, it appears thaf our man
ufactures, thelugh depressed immediately af
ter the peacei hate Considerably fpercased
and are still :increaOng, under the erico -
agement giveil them by the - taril Of `.:16,
- And by subsequent laws. SatiShe• am,
- whatever inbe the abstract 4, tune in
u‘
favor of unre trieted commerce, • ovided all
'nations ivou concur in it, i
a , • t was not
liable to be• n whichorrupted • by I or,. has
never ; elicit d, mid ca , ot be lexpected,
that there are other stro•g reasons appliett
ble 'to our sitaation,J a , 1 rehitions with oth
er countries, which • npose on' us dte obliga
tion to cheris 1 and sustain our malufaetures.
i
Satisfied, ho over, I likewise ara; that the
interestof ev ty part of the Union, even of
those most b nefitted by manufadtures, re
quires tb i d is subject . should li:e touched
~
with the' greatest 'caution; and la critical
knowledge of the effect to be prldnced by
the 'slightest Change. On full consideration
oithe subject, in all its relations, r am per
suaded that a further augmentation- may
now be madt of the duties on eirtain for
eign articles,, in foyer of our own, !nod with
out affectin l ,cr fißjuriously any othelt Interest.
I
Extract fronts a message of Jam4' Monroe,
.....:,
•
President laf the United Stater, to Con
gress, De O• 2, 123., 1
:i
s
"Raving r l' communicated my,i views to
COngiess at ;the coUithencement i: . jf the last
session; resp 'cting the encourag,enient which
ought to be iven terbur manufacpues, and
the printiple 'on which it:should by founded,
I haie onlvtb add 'Oat those vie* remain
unchanged ; , und that the prese4t state of
those countties xvth . Which we i have the
most immediate piilitical relationsund great
est commercial intercourse tends io:confirm
them: Under this impression, I ?Commend
c
a review of . e tar i ff, for - the puriiose of at
ferdingssuel :addir. °nal Protecti4 to those
articles whi . li ist are prepared tolmrmufac
tore, .or svhi h are! more immediately con
nected with re defence tied ind4endence
„
•, 1 -
of the count *V.-
i'.
These we e the 'last remarks; liven as a I
legacy, frot ;the last of the fathers of the
Revolution und•act!ing upon this wholesome
counsel, Coatrress, at that session, passed
the bill know as the tariff of 184.
I will no i
give i the views op. tins subject
,
of one who !Confessedly the moseremarka-
We man of his lige . ; one who, wlitever dif
ference of Opinion may be entertained with
regard to sonic Of his measures; isiadmitted
by all to Ineught to the admiiistration
of public aiairS intrusted to hit) care as
much purity.of purpose, and as strong pat
riotic feelin6, as ever characterized -any
public man ;I!and it is not-saying ..00 much
to add, that 'no public man, save'; only the
Father of hi:§:Conatry, enjoyeda more
remarkable degt•ee the confidence , and re
gard of hii diuntryinen. It will readily be
understood that I allude to Genetid Jack.'
son. In 1624 he - addressed the A"ollowiug
letter to. several persons who, had - written
11
him on this sObjec:
Extractfrom!. "Getieral Jackson'si r letter. to
Dr., l
Coleman. ,-
!.i
" You askmy opinion on! theltaritl: I
answer that am in
11 favor of a judicious ex
amination a , revision-Of it ; land -so far as
I I
the tariff bi before us embraces the design,
of fostering, roteeting, and presenting with
in ourselves the
_means of national defence
and itidependeacc,iparti,cularly in.' ' state of
war, I would advocate and suppo it. • Tho_
r t
experience Of the lOte war ought t 4 leach us
lesson, and one never to '-'be forgotten. If
our liberty and rePublicait form of , govern
ment, procured far! us 'by our rev4utionity"
fathens i are lvirth the blood and 'b.:insure at
which they !svere Obtained, it is sirely_our
duty 'to protect and !defend them .Can
there be an itineriettn Patriot, who saw the
dangers, privations, and diflictilti4s experi
ence! for the want, proper, means of de-2
fence during the list War, who, 41uld Wil_
.
lingly again hazaid the safety of our coin),
try, if embroiled; or to rest it for:difetseelon,
.
the precario s means of natih i net repcsoree to'
he derived f . nr cOhlmerce in 4 state of war
with tem,' = iniewer; iiiii'miglitTsdestrek
that -comme •
, t) -,prevent 110 - obtaining
O , the
means 'of de 'ehce,r,and thireby '..s ues el
I hope they. is nnt r Elm!' if . :4tira I is; 1 -ant'
sure - he doe• tiOt',4krve'to .eoi.ajtjihe iles .. :
sings i)f, free .Or,n:
,Iffeaien smiled 1! on'nhd
gave us li i rty
,antr- indePeridetr net
same iPrevi I
• Owe I ban ' lillesed 7141 ;it_ the'
mean! of it • 'Onal'ifidePeadenee a
. naliti:s
al def - nii.
.1f fralliniir or refuse 40 liii , the,
c )
gifti Whieli . ii‘haii . oxiendethe liii,,*
. fle; . l
serve hot ', lecintmeatititi,:er 10 1 1.,W0011,, , 11,
Hi Inikfilli , ' '4ii- iintnijilio l ;o4 '9)4F lAtiflis
with }nine -'
6 4 4411 -Itiifdt'ciitt acid `copper
—and give , - i 4i'cliniali . -nad's soil for;a,
growing of henir and wool. The* bejni
the *hod . sten lbt,onr defence,olliiinuti ,
it
they'ought o'i halt 'extended-. tolliint•• 'ci , •: - ..
(plate and. l proiOlinn;:lliat our wii roan
ufacioriew • laborers war 6:toe. !acid*
a l,fi r "tom - . ; 'don Irithih4ti of E" tie - , ilia
that we ilia • ! inre I *itliiiii : i*: , p' boartaiiz:
i r
r ieitt snip] : iliosktiaklitig and`' *mat*
iireics KC a - tild iti iteel Beyondthili I
olook at tlii , tiaill-iiiill 'in . ijee , '- , to ft 41'10+1'
a! •
.
er
j. , •
Irtlyerilser nenpi eeteqnettougly 3 , lo , er te t a a t 416.1'm:i—
-d inrel OP Flirt CesTA per
,snuttro Cot Old fi ratitina
Twetirr-Fitii arlditionnl for'eat.4 inbatipelit
insertion. ' • _ 14
the.-prlyilegelef al
teiati4n, nat,tri.exeeesl-' •
Qtiniter Rer 4.1 eo
Half colioro ° do • + lOl 13 ' 00
One Colturai, do ',,
ittusiness Catle
All} tliei eaiertisernents lerrt . ed4trt44 -,• na bolooiaksr .,
Adver4Aetnenta should bo rhariteclAiiiili-thrlain3-
ber.'4,hisertOna requited.:
I-
WM
II
distribution of 3abor, i mil , to revenue, mid
with Ea view to discharge tour lintional debt.
I ant one. of those who d 4 nothelieve that
national debt -is a national i blessing,f4but
rather_a curse to .:a republic; :inasmuch: as
it is calculated to, raise: around the adrninis
tratiOn a monied aristoeracy, dangerous- to
the liberties of the country... This tariff-. 4
mean a judicious one—posseisesl , More:fart, '
ciful -than real - danger. II- will a k, whaiiis
the real situation ef the aocultureit ? Where
has the American farmer a market for.' M s ,
surplus product 3 Eg,eeiit for cotton, he has
neither a - foreign nor a home market. Does
not this clearly prove, when there is no-mar
ket either at.home or atiroad v that there is
too much labor employed in - Agriculture;
and that the . channels for labor „should, be
„multiidiett? , Common - Sense' points out, at -
once; the remedy. Draw fronc.agridulture
this entierldnindant labor ; -employ it in-• me- •
chamsm 'and nuinufactflres, thereby crea
ting alhome -market foii your •*enchants,
and Idistritiuting:labor •tci , the most.profitable
ac , ant, and .benefits toithe country.winrii
s t: I Take from agrictilturein ,the United
states, six hundred thousand' meni;woinen,
and, ebildreff, and you *ill at once giro -a
home market for more bread- stuffsthtin al,
Europe now furnishes 4. In shOrt, sir,ve
haver bear long , subjecthil to 'the policy o f
Britili merchants. It isitime that we should
become a little more Aniricanizrfloind, In
stead; of feeding the paupers and laborers 'of
England, feed our own ;t :or- else, in a= short
time,' by continuing our quesent
t poliey, we
shall all he rendered paupers ourselves, , ',,
"Itis, therefore, my opinion, that &care
ful and judicious tariff is I much wantekio
pay our national debt,land afford us; the
means. of that defence within ourselves:on
which the 'safety and liberty of our country
depends.; and last, though not least, give a
proper : distribution to ourlabor, Win der:aura
prove beneficial to the happiness; indepen
dence and wealth of the-community. 1:
" This is a short outline of , my opinions
generally on , the subject-of your inquiry;
and believiri,g them correel, and calculated 1
to further, the . hap`pinesiof my country,l ,
declare to yOu I wouldhot barter them for 1
any office or , situation ofn temporal chatacr
ter thatcould be given tne." „l
Eklract of a message froM Andret Jackson,
President of the United State , ta Qin:
greeS', Dee: 8, 1829. ' , '
"-No very considerable change bus oc
curred during the recess Of Congress, in the
conditioli f of either our agriculure, coral
coerce, ,if
regulate.
1 - ,
1,.
" To, its conduct, so as to pry
mote equally the prosperity ofese three
t
cardinal interests, is one of the in stdiffiealt
tasks: of the government 1 And it may be re-
gretted that the complicated -,restrictionS
whicti now embarrass thb intercocirse Of Mi
1 tions could not by common consent be aliol
[ ished, and commerce eflowed to flew :tu -
those' channels to Ivhiclindivideal enter :
prise—always its surest, guidemighf 4 11.,
reel it. But we must • v i ver expect SelfiSti
legislation in other nations, and are ilie,rel
fore compelled to adaptl,.our , inv# to their
regulationS, in the manner best eiaeulated.
to avoid serious injury, had to harmontze l
the conflicting interests of our ,apieulture;
our commerce, and our sdanufactures. :,tru:,,,
der
ITlievai these imp ressiOns, I4inv •
ite, your a;tten r ,
tion ' to the , e.listing tariff, tibat tiony,f f .
of its previsions require modification. ; i t ,
" The general rule to be applied in gPO7`
uating tho , ditties' upon articles of i ifereign„
growth or manufacture, is that which:will
place our own in faireompetition with those
of other. countries ; and •the inducements
,qt,
advance even a step beyOnd this poi n t are ;
controlling,in regard to those ern,
„La which.
are o r primary necessity lin time of. war... 7,
When we reflect upon the-diffiulti and del-,
icacy of ibis operation, it : is important that.
it should never, be attempted , but t , with the
utmost caution. Frequent legislation in re
gard to any branch of industrylecting,ita,
value,' and by which ' it 4 capit may ; ; be,
transeired to Ueiv ehtukuels, must plii.U.Pi be'
prOduCtive of haardous speculation, 4t A 4
loss. ',. . 1 , i ~ .
4 , In deliberating therefore, on these inter, 7
esting subjects, local feelihgs and;jirejudices !
should be thergedin the patriotic.rletermin t i
atio,n, to promote the grent,,interests of the
whole, All :attempts; to connect them Witlt ;
the parti conflicts of:the:llv, are nec,esiari z ,
ly injurious, ant ShOuld be;discourttenane4, -
Our action Ultun.thetit 5h0u1d . 1 3 , 0 '0e4 4. 70 1 e
_control of tigherlansl.purpr ix,ttiy • 4g , -,
isiaiion, subjected :to 80 0k-intl Pueft-e4R
i
never be ins; and iv,ill_ nbt long, lain :As k
sanction of a , people whOse activ . er,,payla4 z ,
ism:iirtklownied,hy sactional Innits„infe,
insensible ! to that _spirit t ef concession iuyit
fortliairanee - iihich gave life to oulfoliOe* ,
eetitiNte.t, end still sustains it. ; Bifienrilinc
all calculations' of wlitical nseead a n s y t 1 4 , 1
•north,,' tiw„ 8041, the ' etle.t. 04 I* l lyeAlk;
should:nnitain flitninishng anyl)urApn-4
whiehlpithir'mayjuso T•pipeir,aoh, l , ,i-.., Tit
" 171 e, agricultuial,tutprpst utPtg,e, .4 - ktiy. 7 0 .
is so _ eisoo ( 4 l i ,6 'l l . l eCled svitkevel7
ea* supe ri or Ili importance !R'ISIARIttAikr
thatitl:is' f ca T et tF , P ec P 4 r.r- i 0P 1 44 1 ,4' #a
Yimi particular 4 ik lrinciPiliiiii
es :MatuirfOtureS and, 6 ,0 1 Tet*, 40 , 0 4t0 41t
' Piei 7il. l l4 fitilie Of iigricOur4 KO 6 09. 1 **1
a nd l °'qiit.FM - thOr aoPulettihrs:49lthe w# 3 4 B -:
luid-610bcti of Ociety . :44. - iiher 4sery.cfi
tli . fo*Stelibi care Of gove***. r ;•
; "lixthifitg, forward tO , llte,mio4i )1,4 fir
distant, 10460.4na..31111110-.)°,M);
) 93..5 4 ip1ici. i,ll lifilities ( m,i ll 9l**ii' le q4.4l - 114$'
' ImrtaPo 3 l 6 44,Cistlitiot4leYiri'lltiOnt'
*itli Utti..t i iit)-jkti!luetiOlr P l k .,. k-, l Trk s kOefm
shauld,'eillOa' * ol o* 4 1; 1%011 1 '41 1 4
_the Modification Of tfillierill;: - RC, . , k;.44,k1f,
and,c*i#9'lllPimPtp.llro4l9F►- !SR' '
Oer e
'Se '.:. *vett „ p#o -. the • C,CF 3 , 8 ,4 1 , -*** Agit
c Oilliji7: 4l "! 4 •! i49 ' n ..F4C 4 -" 9 rACSteltl;
Pt:
Sorts? Aif i x4", teF.44,.; ,•,_ ~ t it-.:, ‘,4 , ),:, A: ;.ta,,,,vi 3 '
~..:
_____ tr__-_]l. A
..: li_.. , ..- - I'
n .. 1
Nona qiikatowygio ~,-.ll,uove airium I,
president, if the NeiteaLlState ' te'Veli-t
Ottannhet 7ths,lll 7 43tku -.3 * `s. l -`-hfit ,lii .
1 . g n r a ` -- . t 1 ' .1,
" Among the numerous calefe -, o f ef:citt'
' "Wad* die , teindithAref otiei , teitt rei
entie-deserres spectia-twil l tn. -Id ; , -
MI
CM
II