ljc Vcoptiii buccatc. runt.ist - I) EVERY TLIVBSDAY MOILSII 6 , BY • DOW & BOYD. (Office ot(the west side'of the Public Avenue.) 'l'l RS S. 2 rri E 1)01,L AR a year in advance. Otte MANI - Fifty Cents it hot phi within three' months, andAif delayed until ultyr the expiratien of rear nu dollars will be exacted. - Disroittoa anew optional with the Publishers, tut -10,1, ativarAos,are I,ottor4 tAilte PablisherA on business'with the ot fi,,. a inst bedpost-paid to itirnre attention. - 00 ctn. From the N. Y. Mirror i ashionable song-Making. EtrEl33 Take ilewsind flowery.; sharp or bile, A broken 1141. rt, a pission mute. A dm supplies ,•ry kid of speaking eyey— bar:..y, spiukling. black and flue Descript au noncleseripi of hue shred tres.4, ringlets. fildings fUr '(.4 sunny, Irk mid silken hair, And mix wirlt them in quantum equal Smiles swot, la( per sopiel, Soft, r nsivi l , winning, bright, enchanting. Pmnd, seorilfid, too, must not be wanting. Large dropiiiiif seintrate tears axe goud— lf,those caul'hot be had--a flood : A q{l3ll. of 4_:11 , . a most bf dint pies. Anil now W have had euove:Ji of simp les ; More would( mitke your iiiixtqre thinner, rat these v,41.1, du for a beginner. Put these actin a niislerate lire. - t A I;ri , ; :ht r !,,ax «ill struie; , •Ili would el e1..11111e the whsle.) And let 164 is your howl { . 111.11 :;tat bubbles rising-- And now foq 311 eiVet surprising ! Shake in a Aandful of pet words, each :i.seaell album Store idfortis 1,1 - ad, dArktaspelable despair, Above alls d turd mind be there. I'Lr in>tantln in,zr,lierag,theet, aid miLkti your stuff complete; Tulle a sli4catiih, and NAitli your pelt, ;; I l i ii i i, ;;:l l, o l l '. N lilre now and then, Measure anil or. and 'twill produce, For lireseut4ir for future Nottiheisi tun them as von will, tart itirkretty versos still ; their feet on any ground, lee; music with their sound. 111i9ccilaml. From tip• Angl"-Anwrictui T* 3IIDNIGIIT RIDE. PRIWT R. .T. .I,tll\ Some y4ars ago when the American fur company end -the - Hudson Bay traders cat', Tied On a towerlid Opposition to each other in the will and rocky territory of the Ore, - - gon, sever: little forts were erected in the d interior, w.ience the commerce in peltrieS was nuole*ith the Indians. One of these; to which 41r tale refers, was planted in ti green and,lsecluded valley, where pasture for rattle tuulcomfort for man were as much as possiblcoinhined with security and safe ty. A little stream, bordered with cotton wood and *pens, afforded a constant supply of water; while in the grand and inagnifir cent valleil of the Bayou Salade, at no great distance, liastured, in inexbaustable thou , sands, the; buffalo and the elk ; its rivers abowidin4 moreover, with thn beaver; whose skins prindipally induce the hunters to tempt the datigeriS of the great American wildert ness. In ibi.: spot, known as Spokan Fort; dwelt Janes '..M'Plierson, the owner and: ~. , governor _ the locality. AlTherson was ti Sco:clumni, who in early days had left his country a your lad, and -now, by the excl.; cte of tilt perseverence characteristic of his countrlmen, had attained the position of a well-to-4 merchant. Of an enterprising disposition he had penetrated into the inte, nor in search of further wealth; and having fur some two years settled himselfat Spokani i had there iiriven a thriving trade with the Indians, if spite the impediments thrown in his weir bhis rivals. Nothing can equal I the pxcitei,ent of this precarious commerce. It is die clamant effort on the part of oppo. salon etunpanieS and traders to out-general the other. to mutually blind their opponents as In theirldestination and, plans, as will tui to •be ever in the field first. These efforts give rise 41 almost superhuman exertions; and tend lalways to sharpen the ! wits of all parties in a very sensible manner. lie who showi the greatest knowledge Of Indian tastes, of tic haunts of. the beaver and buf faio, of OA tune to move-and the time to go ditto wintkr quarters, is sure to make the most sucaissful campaign. M'Pherson wars shrewd 841 acute, and these qualities serv ing him iq good stead, his affairs advanced in-a very ilatisfactory manner. It wasti)mut two years after the, establish 4, anent of *e fort, and when all were in aci tivity anOustle, that Edward Ray, a.young Louisianiir, obtained an appointment under the owne4 raid travelling the whole distance from Neat Orleans, had convoyed a cargo of inereliant4se tir the use of the conmany.--;- In addition to,this, lie had taken up, to re join her 4ther, Miss 141'Pherson and a fe. male attei)dant. So peculiar and so long a journey hlid thrown the young people much together, told without any reflection with re gard to t 1 it difference of position, a mutual affection lglad arisen between them. Under 'these civinustaticks the voyage up the Illis sissippi *nd across the vast interiorplains was of u most agreeable character. , Both lingered lipon deck to admire the 'duffs and grassy I) l .iiii?', the vast kitenninahle prairieS; and nevr.* wearied of their gaze. The de.- .1 serf. evemliud charms; mid when the Rocky M.Ountai4s burst upon then in all their su6- hinny, heir pleasure was complete. At length, hnwever, they arrives. at their joui tiev's enm. Ray became; a crli., and Mitie M'Phersfjon presided over the establishmettt, as the . daihghter of the owner wits bonndlo do. Wltever might have been the ladyTa feelings, he poor clerk never soughtto learn. He felt t#e difference of station, and, shrinkt ing from i any manifestation of his aspiring i hopes, attended to his business honestly a.Od'i dilligentrt, but without . ever showing the slightest ii.nthusiasm for the avocation. Utt der these circumstances he was considered useful in :1 his way, but failed to excite thtit notice wtjich might have led to his advance ment.eserved and taciturn, even his mil tress tiro ght herself deceived in him. WO 11 the exci meat of their happy journey, en his ener es seemed to have departed. The truth w f ag that Ray, who was not Of a Mil- THE PEOPLE'S AD yoL, o ne disposition, saw no means' of rising to a l eve l with his master, and idlowed des- ' pondency to mmerve his spirit. - About three months after his; arrival, the 'me approached when the annual interview - ith the various Indians took place: a meet 1, lig of much imptirtance, as then the whole ((Unities of the year were decided. It was I, 'mai to appoint it place for the natives to amp With their, beaver and other skins, vitere the rival traders then repaircd,'aud vhoever offered the best price., obtained a eady and profitable - market. About two ays before the time appointed, the heads f the fort were seated at their evening meal. kitty and variety made up for delicacies .d seasonings. Buffalo, deer meat, trout, h almon, wild fon-1, all abounded on the )oard—round which stit 111. 1 .1)hersoa, his aughtcr, Ray, and three other clerks. The whole party engaged in discussing the mood kings before them, when a bustle was heard without, and, after the pause of a moment, half--breed hunter appeared on the thersh . Id. • " What news,' Nick'!" said 111Therson, -ho recognized in the intruder a scout sent lin to learn the proceedings of the river tra cts. • " Bad," said Nick, advancing:" Master Sublette got ahead of Spokan. The In inns all at camp already, with plehty ben ! eer. Master Sublette buy up all, but him t ,, ot no tobacco, so he send away to Brown ez itor some; then smoke, and buy all the bea ker." " Why, that is, good news," said M'Pher son laughing; "if Sublette has no tobacco, all is right. We .have plenty ; and not an Indian will sell a skin until he has had a good puff at the pipe of peace. So up, my men," he continued, addressing his clerks ; you 'must awaytand out-general Sublette, Oiy taking Johnson a good supply of the. weed." " Mi very fine," said Nick, with a know ng jerk of his• head ; "but Sublette him 1-now a trick or two of that. &hundred tlackfeet are outlaying in the woods, and tot a soul will reach the market until the pre gone." " The Blackfcet l" cried M'Pherson ; then we are defeated surely. What is to done' " •" How many bales will suffice 1" said Ray quietly. "If Johnson, our agent, had but one," replied the trader despondingly, "all would e right. It is impossible, however; and 'lit; year is lost to rue." " By no means," said the clerk, rising, with all his native energy and fire beaming in his Cye; "Johnson shall have the hale, Or my Scalp shall - hang in a Blackfoot lodge before morning !" " Edward!" exclaimed the daughter with n alarmed glance, which Opened the fa her's eyes to whet had hitherto been a Pro oUnd secret. .' " Are you in .earnest, Mr. Ray !" said Al'Pliersou gravely, and even sternly. " I am, sir: give Wild Polly La favorite are,) and trust to me for the accomplish inmg of your wishes." " You will go alone then 1" 1 " I will." M'Pherson ordered the mare he valued ! , o much to be saddled, and in half an hour Edward Ray, with two bales of tobacco be- , find him, and armed to the teeth, sallied orth Crom Spokau amid the plaudits - of the atty'who regarded less the perilousness 3f the-adventure, than the character of the icrho undertook it. Miss . M'Pherson, con ions of the interest she had betrayed in er father's clerk, hastily retired to her hamber ; while . the father, carefully fasten `'' i* the gates, and posting proper sentinels, it his pipe, and,seated himself, absorbed in eflection, , by the huge fireplace in the prin ipal apartment . Great smokers- are your J idian traders; who in more things than one esemble the men with whom they have to ,If eal. Meanwhile, Edward Ray,after leaving the fort, rode slowly down the valley, reflecting, lon the wisest course to pursue. Before him Was a journey of seventy miles, with, a hun dred wild Indians thirsting for a pale face Ivictim ; no less welcome that he owned a [ horse, and tarried a rare prize in the shape )1' tobacco. Ray felt he had rashly ventar -311 on a wild and doubtful enterprize, and, under ordinary Circumstances, would have soon turned back ; but he knew - the opinion his fellows had 'of him, and felt with pride that no one had offered even to accompany him. Besides, in the presence of her he loved, he had undertaken his bold task, and Was determined that she should not think him indifferent and timid. A ride of half an hour brought him out of the valley, and u pon the skirt of a plain of some extent.— Hem Ray halted, and gazing upon the prai rie that lay at e his feet, endeavored to discov ler mine sign oflthe blackfeet. The moon shone brightly Upon the waters and woods, and hot a sound-disturbed the stillness of an' l dl American night in the wilderness. Ray felt l ' the influence of the hour and the place, and forgetting all but the delight of travelling by moonlight over, that plain, removed thous ands of miles - I'om civilization, set spurs to his mare, and trCuted swiftly along the path way leading in the direction of the Indian mart. It was Setae time ere the young clerk paused, and thin a sudden hesitation on, the Ipart of his mare brought him back to con sciousness. Raising his eyes, he found him self close _upon a wood, between which and a somewhat broad river he bad now, to pass. A single glance; told him that Indians were near, as a light 'smoke arose from amid the trees; whether they had yet discovered him was a Matter of uncertainty. Ray therefore determined to Make a bold dush, and Unfit ly, to his beast irode at a hard gallop along I the. skirt of tho forest. The' moment he neared the treed his hand upon his rifle, listened with thft most anxious attention.— Not a sound, stave the clatter of his unshod mare was heart until he bad half cleared the dangerous epver. Then came the -pound d horses in pursuit, and then theigacltfeet iar-whoop, with the.-crack of rifles. His . „ "EVERY 13 P IFFERENCE OF OPINION IS- NOT A DIFFERENCE OF. PRINC,III,E."--JEFFRRSON i_ONTROSE, PA. TiIURSAY.JULY 2, 1846. pnetuies Were in full' chase. Now it was that the gallant steed put forth her energy, :find now it was that Ray's spirit arose, and tie felt himself a man, with all a man's en irtries and also with all a Man's love of life. loking back, he saw the wild Indian war- tiors coming thst towards him, but still not wining ground ; and lie felt sure, and he koosoi his precious merehandize, and give it up to the pursuers , that -he could with lase outstrip them. But he was resolved to crve his master's interest; and he urged his txtlen steed to the utmost. An hour passed in this manner. The howling, whooping ndians, half a hundred in number, galloped inadly after him, their long spears waving in he moonlight,.and their black hair stream 3ng in the wind. - Before him lay a cane-brake, where the 'eels rose ten feet, dry, parched, and crack )it P .r Through this lay,l the path of the fel-- .Ray looked forward to the welcome .'elieher, determined to make a stand, and there,-at the very cnth-ance, stood, mounted Oi a tatt-horse, an opposing foe. - Chatehing, Wlpistol, ilia clerk clenched his teeth l , and 7r ode-madly against this new opponent, who; Oust in time to sate,lumsclf, cried, All right, aucy Nick !" There was no time fin. greet ing,, and away they scampered through the Banc-break ; not, however, bcfor:• the half- Wweed had cast a brand amid the reeds.— Whey had not prOceeded a hundred yards •re a ti•all of fire arose between them and Their pursuers. Magnificent was tike scene vinch now greeted the admiFing eyes'ofy,d- 'card Ray as he halted on the other side of roe brake. The reeds, scorched by the ".iiiiitner sun, were as inflammable as straw, ;and the flames spread with .astonishing,-ra iiidity to the right and left. The poor birds That sheltered in the morass below, alarmed, Lose on the wing, and flying a few hundred wards, halted to gaze at the fire, which *,eeme,d to fascinate them; the wild animals , :too, clinging to their lairs until the fire touched their very nostrils, would then un %villingly rise, and leaping over it, scour ?over the black plain of cinders in the rent zrf the flames. As the two fugitives retreat lA, the scene became more magnificent, for lte blaze was then seen in the distance s.seeping to the right and left in sparkling id brilliant chains. • Then, as die wind *rose,. it hurried after them :- as the roar of distant cataract it was heard ; while the ?leavens were overcast with the dense vol <limes of smoke that ascended. " Away !" cried Nick, urging his steed to the utmost; " the Fire spirit is awake:; he tides in yonder cloud ! Away, or our bones nyill be mingled with those of the red men i lipon this plain." tt " But, Nick," said Ray, as side by side thev dashed across the prairie, "how met ~ N ve.? I left you at the fort ?" " No! Nick started half an hour before:i tWould'nt let brave warrior go by himself.' % - 'oli him -- n (lin— • but Indian no take Master Ray. Aiek know trick worth two of that. But hush !" jie added, as they gained the entrance of a " the hoofs of our horses have s-aked the .great Fire-spirit ; but we are not yet free. Blackfeet in valley." At this intimation of their being again bbout to meet a party of their enemies, Ray prepared his arms once more, and then pat ing the neck of his gallant steed, urged her at a rattling pace through the valley. A ',flash, and the crack of guns tired in "haste', (showed that Nick was not mistaken; but 'iving a volley in reply, and without pausing to discover its effect, the pair galloped on lwards, and once more emerged upon the liilain. Nick now led , the way, and diverg legfrom the ordinary route, entered a stream, Filic course of which they followed slowly for ome, time. At length, satisfied that hp had ;baffled pursuit, the half-bred once mote en- tered upon the usual track, and before , day light, reached the great camp, where the In- Shins haa pitched their tents with a view to ;traffic with the rival white men. i To the right were seen- the wagons of Xublette ; to the left those of Johnson, OrPherson's agent. They found the latter n very bad spirits, as his rival was expected fo receive the nee,esstuT supply of tobacco in "gie course of the afternoon, when all chance or Spokan would have been over. As o how ever, Ray detailed the object of his journey, 'the success which had attended it, the agent's eyes glistened, and at length lie exclaimed pwith a chuckle, " Bravo, Mr. Ray; I should just like to be in your shoes ; for if you :haven't made old Mac's fortune, my name is snot Johnson. Such prima beavers you nev ier Kim. By the immortal head of General ?Jackson but you arc a lucky dog !" i Ray P expressed his satisfaction at having been of such great service; and after a hasty 'meal, ' le traders began their day's. work. i First the chiefs were summoned, and regaled, to .the consternation of Sublette, with a liberal and . plentiful smoke. Seated around the 'agent's tent,- the Spokan , Kamloops, (Ina e, .dieves, Sinapoil, and other Indians, enjoyed .with unmixed satisfaction what to them is a most precious luxury. The agent wad most liberal oldie weed : not a single Indian was forgotten ; and whenthe barter commenced, - i ithe gratified aborigines testified their delight Fiby disposing of their skins in an equally lib-_ leial manner. Such, indeed, was the activi ity of the Spoken agent, and of his asSistant Ray, that when Sublette received at length !his dripply of tobacco, not a beavUr nor 'even a skunk-skin remained for which he could trade. Well aware that tlie Blaekfeet, "when once discovered, wouldAffigr off ? Ray, after a brief hour of repose, borroweda fresl 'horse, and hurried' back ' towards the fort His journey was tedious in di l e extrei' e, fa Ithe smouldering grass rendered it as sal" li as it was disagreeable. At length, vever o t ci the young clerk, to whom had 'return mud or his former despondent feeling, cam one more in sight of Spokan, where he as n calved with open tams, as wa s Nicii, ii , accompanied_ him. ' . .M.'Pherson, eager to learn the re tilt the young man's journey, drew Milo to 1 nountiluphouse, andmotioning hint to a tel installed himself at his 'edger, 'with . ier . . hand. Ray began his Stol, and, to the ev ident surprise of the merchant, related the dangers which had: befallen him; and the manner in which heitad escaped. 1A t length be came to that part of the Fstory which re ferred tn the extraordinary rlitniritity an ex cellence of the heavers Whin!' hadlbeen ob tained means of his_bold undertaking. " Know, lad.," said old 417Plierson,.quite delighted, " that you have lirought me the best year's trade I have had yet. ' Besides, man, count it no small thing to ltave beat Captai Sublette—the mo 4 cunning - trader on the rontier." "I am yery much gr, 4'61 Ray, " that I have been anyway instrinnental in serving you:: A'Alt, that is all very idterrupted M'Pherson, pushing his skelacles from their proper position to one above his eves ; "but just tell me franklv,.Mr. Ray; -why'you, who are generally so slow and cnld, should all of a sudden take so much trofible to' do me a service 7" '• It was the, first time," niiilieed Ray, "that I ever had an opportunity of doing what others would not do." " Oh," said the trader, stillvtaere enlight ened, "and do you not exp4et any share in the great advantage of last night's adven ture " That I leave to you, sit." " Now, Mr. Ray," said the trader with a smile, " I wish you would 'be thorOughly frank with me I can see plainly enough that you had some reason fiv your' c.onstilut lack of energy, and some equally good rea son for suddenly, when ybou' could really serve•me, risking your KIR) do so. I say . again, speak out. HtteyOu any conduct of mine Of which to complain . Is your salary too small? Your elMnces of promotion— do they seem too remote"! \ You have doub led my fortune ; let me do You some service in return." Ray datermined to be plain. tie saw that the worthy merchant was still 'in part in the dark, and he resolved tol enlighten him, " My ambition, sir, has been to share your good fortue ; and did my hopes extend as far as my wisheS, I might say I have hoped one day to possess all you nOw hold." This was said with a lurking smile that still more puzzled M'ltherSon. " What ! would you be a partner young man? The idea is a bold .one ; but, oiler what you have done, I see no insuperable bar toit." " Sir" said Ray burriodly, " I ant content to be" yourclerk, if you Will, all my life : but you have a daughter,! without whoin wealth would be incompatible, and poverty insufferable," " Wheugh,'? cried the astonished mer chant: " sits the wind ih that qua:-ter?— And pray, sir, does my', daughter know of this ?" we Ytin recollect 'our long ions. 7 " Oh, I recollect till ; and pray, does my daughter encourage ymt,l": " She will speak for herself, dear father," exclaimed the young [rid; who,, entering, had caught the import of their conversation. " I did encourage him, because I thought be deserved to be yoar son. ; Of late, Mr. Ray had almost discouraged from my resolu tion ; but his recent devption to your inter ests convinced me that he Was the same' Ed ward Ray I had travelled', with from New Orleans!' " And so," said the old,' man, pettishly, " You have arranged' it all, it seems, and I am to have no voice at all in the matter." " We have arranged nothin, dear father, and leave it all to you." it will readily he belimied that Edward Ray and Mary McPhersdn bad ,no great difficulty in talking over the matter with the hind hearted trader. In Ili few Weeks after, Ray was not only son-in-law, but partner at :Spoken ; and I believe that none of the par ties have yet bad any cause 'to regret the 1" midnight ride" over the bluff-surrounded prairies of the wild Oregon. ianntr's Department. The Happy V4lriner. DT 31113. 1.. H. SIGIDNEI Saw ye the Fanner at his k10 . b., As you were riding by? Or wearied 'heath the nooti-day ton, When summer sans are high ; Anti thought you that his ldt was hard, And did you thank your 'God, That you and yours were 40t. cnndetnn'd Thus like a shave to ploci 1 Come, see him at the harvest home, When garden, field and tree Conspire, with flowing stoic to fill His barn and granary, j his healthful children git 4 tiport Amid the new Mown hay, Or proudly aid, with vigorous arm, His task as bast they. natty% The dog partakes his nntstilr's joy, And gunrds the loaded }vain, The featberly people clap their wings, And lead their yonnglintrain. Perchance, the hoary dsire's eye The'glowiug scene sury ys, • And breathes - n 'blessing o 4 his race, .. 0 " Or guides the evening raise. The harverst giver is their friend, The Maker of the soil.; . And Raab, the mother; gives thein bread. Aud cheers their patient toil. i Caine, join them, 'round the whiny, hearth. Their heart-felt plensuri see, And you can better judge ihow blest The Farmer's lifelnity he. , " Your frequent elections nil, rod things for the country," reiriarked a foreigner, lay ing down a newspaper. 1 " Why do you think solraske a friend. " Why I sec that erfery i stone n Georgia has been turned by both parties.-i This roust to he equal subsoil.ploughing, at least, and will produce a good crop next year.". OCATE. 'MUT ItAKING. Why not ,ndopt the same rule in regard to the time of cutting clover and grass for hay, that is ,folloWed in ctitting- .medicinal herbs? The objeilt in both cases is to secure the intrinsic. virtues of the plant. In curing, herbs, as all-am . acquainted. with the sub ject admit, Ole nsost proper ,time For cutting is when they are full bloom; and it is also admitted that they should lie cured in the `Shade, because if exposed,to th e mora di rect iiifluen6o of. the sun and air, some of their valuable properties would be evapo rated. . We know there is some differenee.ofppin ion in regard to the proper time for • cutting grass. The 'advocates for ripe hay donterid ; that there is.more "substance" in it, than that which is cut while it is in blossom. And so we suppbsethereis still more " si*tance" in scrub-oakbrush, ; and that it w ould go still farther in feeding (not supporting) stock. Ad mitting there ;is More`subtance in ripe grass, is it a kind of; substance which affords more nourishment to animals? Plants at the tune of flowering 4 contain starch, gum amisugar; all of which are lihown to nourish animals. In the . formation of seed, the steles '!and leaves are exhausted of these substances, and the substance which remains is chielly woody fibre. BM it may be said that the) composition of woody fibre, starch and guini, are nearly the same. Ad witted, but that doe S -hot prove that animals , are able to eXtract nearly an equal amount ' of nourishment from each. The ; composition of the diamond the hardest of all substances, may be said to iie similar to that of starch, , gem, &c.,—earbon being the chief element of all; but the.- l digestive organs of animals would 'hardly be able to convert the diamond into Organized tissue. And though woody fibre, if eaten by cattle or sheep, might "stick by the ribs," we think the ribs would not acquire from it -much fat, or the system much strength. i In some Part of the country,. animals are actually fattincil for market on hay alone.— This may sound strange. to those who feed their-stock . only with clover and timothy, which has gone, to seed; for we presume stock was never thus fattened. But where this object is attained, the grass is cut while it is iptite green, (not past bloom) and made and 'preserved with great cure. It is true there are some kindntgrasses--as the spire grass, or Kentucky, blue grass f roc preten sis,) which make 'but little bulk in seed stocks, the chief growth consisting of leaves which sprung from the root. The greatest value in fodder would be obtained in such cases by allowing th, crop to grow till it had acquired its greatest bulk. This remark, however, by no means applies to !clover, or timothy, or the grazisds usually cultivated for hay. In making*hay; we would exposé it to the sun and air no more than is neelssary to its 1157aVe — gWei itr`rei4l#...satne reason that is Clover can be.qured—indeed it is snore con veniently cured.:--with' but very little expos-. ure to the sun. If it!, is not wet, and is fair ly wilted, it may be put into cocks with forks; which will weigh. when dry, about fifty pounds each, and-will effectually cure. Timothy also!..May he cured in the same manner. The finer= grasses, when threiwn into a, body pack more closely, and afford less spa6e for the air; consequently they re-. requite tube more thin spread in making. Excepting, - with clover, which we never . spread out of swath, our practice ;has been . to spread out the swaths as evenly as_ possi ble, if the burden is stout soon as" thedew is off: in the afternoon rake and cock it be fore the dew falls. • `.' P We prefer putting ; it in cocks, though no more than wilted, ,because the sweating -it will there undergo in• the course Of twelve hours will facilitate the making, and if the grass is -Coarse and hard, it will ren der it much mitre soft. Besides, o ihay that has been well iweated in cocks, is:not liable to forinent in the stack or mow. : • Whether thfkliav 'which was mbwed and put in cocks the first day will make so that it willdo to gi• to the barn on the second day depends ci course on its condition, and the state of di , weather, if - ,all appearan ces indicate that the hay can be Made suffi ciently on the. teecond day, (and repeated oft. serrations oniY, can determine the of dryness which(is required,) open the i cOcks and shake the hay out lightly, thoroughly breaking all the locks with the fork. But it should not lie 4pread out later ,than three or four o'clock in the afternoOn„hut Should be pat up again,lOr if dry enough, Put in the barn by this tine, lest it contract ;moisture. [f from the codition of the bay hr the ap li pearances of t to wather,' ro `there is a plia bility that the my cannot !be made enough in one day, let it remain iMilisturlied till the, weather is far „able. ,!; l'ls • . . . There are one or two other considerations in favor of early cutting-which we omitted to notice alxwe. It is admitted by physiol ogists that plains exhaust both their own en ergies and 010 soil more in forming seed than in the whole preceding portion•of their growth. Thus when grail Sis suffered to ri pen, it gives ibutAittle ,after 7 grOwth, and from the exhaustibri i mentiOned, ,the sward more quickly }lies out. 1 . , ACTIoN.--DemostheiteS'And Ddniel Web ster agree in attributing eloquence to action. Both proved their theory !true, by their'ac tion. A clerdyinan t have read . . or, did the same thitig more detnonstnibly. ills wife had just been buried,rand lte ivas clos ing the servicer, over her grave. Stretching forth his hand and pointutg :towards the grave, lie said "there tile wicked cease front troublint ;'.! and - then placing :his hand on : lds breast, ;eontioaed ‘ add-the weary arc at rest." • , A very modest lady, , Fho was it 'passen ger on 4100.4 of a:"packtit ship; it IS' said sprung out Of her ''With-A.nd jumped 'crier: board, ou he, the—elptain during the storm order the •erewito h Z daunt de shifts,. This is suppC)led to lie 110 latestzease. L:1- Terms of A4'6'crtishalr• - 1 z Aclverthiementg eeturpictiooy inserted at'tht al rates Cif Firrr _ evil's poi liolionre for the first; Twrirrir4'tvE ezzersi eich subset; nuertion. - Yearly Advertiretneitte, w i , tho privilege teration, ncit to exert' QuarterVolumn, with the pitpl.l4l, per-vectr i Half Column _de 3 1 1 ; 0 Otte Colttutta, do , do 15 Busittessdoills, , a & • AU oda adverrieeineitti limited at rates.l - - Advertisementsclhould bei noticed with the ber of insertion required. NO. 3. From the, Nw York ,obilon: Publio Libraries it PO ind,the Pro m France, April 184 t. Remarks on the Wig eelebrated libraries ancient and 'nuiflern tinies.—Smali be - • nines of the royal library of Parik+,- - gre4 increase from kaais XI V, to, , er times,,,--Present state ,of this library.-- ti • arrangementaia dassiitcatione---- T4s , er public libraries is 4tnee. Bbolis occupy a larte piece in the • . of the human race,{ and ipiioliably as ci • " , tion shall advance, their !influence will increase. Formerly, 4 book seldom w .nt beyond the country when ;it was publish -. flow it can make in a re* months the ~. • of the world, and)rou knOw almost as • ..ti, 'in New. York, as the provinces of Fiance," the new firoductiims of our geni - • A vast, rapid, constant e*htuige of .all ..e treasureeof the Nyman mind is now on, and West: scientific and literary corn u nicatione enrich all nations. I propose then to give- Here some acco t of our public libraries i and especially of famous roils' library'of Pares; for the in leotard riches which we have there accumn lated do- not belong Ourselves a/one,-1--- every American citizen, t;rhen he comes to Europe, can take his shat But let me firat glance at the libraries of Oast ages, It is difficult to say what was the first cit& faction of books in the world: : Ancient his torians relate that a king of Egypt, mined Osymandrias, had in his radace at Thebes a large library, over the door of which be placed this inscription :.Glue for the ma/fig f dies of the soul. This was rather ostenta tious, and not entirely trite: the soul has many maladies which this king Egypt'. books could cure; the only book to which this inscription can be applied, the Bibk, was not in this anciont collection, and prob. ably few , souls have been _healed by the wri tings of the priests of Thebes,and Memphis. I would add, as a curious fact, that one of our modern learned - men, Champollion, has lately diScovered some traces of this great establishment, the founding of which he at tributes to Raamses Oesostris. • Ancient Greece, divided into many petty: republics Which lived ikeonitant wars, was i long without libraries. - The real were then the rluspsoclists, who went from place to place, singing the poems of Homera / As to ; the Greek - priests, it does not seem. I, that they ever cultivated the science with the' zeal of the Egyptian and 01 4defut pliell` + As they had not •8o much authority in Is‘' state, they confined themselves more stPetbr to the practice of their ceremonies. ;Co the philosophers of Greece! and - espo Bll Y ? Aristotle, we owe the earliest exeleftve 041- lections ,of books. -Aristotle war aifteew his efforts by the kiurAlexamier ; burthe calamities which fell soon Wier upon the city of Athens, prevented the attainment ti. Aristotle's designs. 1 - - We -must still return to -Egypt to finft a aria, fourteto oy toJamAr A f : that of Akuraz Some historians assert that contained itarfitflir volumes, This number is probably much exaggerated, unless we give the name dryob eve to every fragment of papyrus or parch. , ment collected in the cabinets of the learnedJ But reducing the number' of volumes to -á more reasonable estimate, it was still the - ' most magnificent collection of the treasures of ancient science, and that loss old& fibre= ry has left an irreparable Void in the annals ' . of the human •mind. The common opinion is that it was burnt by a disciple of Mahout et, caliph Omar. 1 'do not dispute Omar was capable of committing such an act of Vandalism, and perhaps he destroyed the last remnants of this libituf ; but to be frank f it should be said that the greater part had been already burnt by ignorant christitinsi ' induced by some fanatical monks: Cuiqui sum.' The Romans were in ' used in handle the lance and sword t books, For adv.: eml ages they read nort h'' at-all, and were satisfied with conquering near and remote countries. When they . ,todktattliage winch had a more cultivated literature than Rome; they burnt the books, except some treatises upon tigrieuhure, which they translated into Latin. Not till Cicero's time, were libraries of any importance formed. Lucullus had • - onn'out of ostentation:lbn aspired - to be the most opulent of the Rol l mops, even in literary riches ; and the philosopher Senecaderi%d some time after those ,: patricians whir t thousands of books upon gilded tables; Mit to read them but to gratify their vanity.. :' The emperor Augusnitt opened in Rome two public libraries. Then Tindall andotlil er princes increased ,the number. TIM* were .-reckoned in this 1 capital toseistight large libraries in the third century.' Aliwere pillaged - and bunted by the Barbariase As they , knew. not howlto read, they thotight, that books were the taOst' l useless of all inti: ' perfluities ; and we Must now pan everA space of several centurieit,i:before finding yity further traMes of libraries. Charlemagne - bid collected some •books, but all the higVerlit;- ceptions of his genius were abandoned t i tter his death. The Opel; themselvelP4tere4teio ignorant,. too absorbeidfin their , intestine quaurele; and hence a 'past ofexcellent win- tinge have been lost. -1 . l• ''.-•'--.- '• • '''': • • - E Lot' s however do. Jitstioarta the' nionibi At . first, they cultivatekthe'grannid l' 'sie*? placing, this toil in the ‘!"iinithi 'of tiervir 4 they- set themselves to. copy manasetip This 'was an agreeab le employment fofthe-- loneboUre &the moriaSlie life. The lit* ders:ofreligious orders well iuiderstond thlit' nothing': is more - danieretti ihan t idlett§ ll is 'and obliged their diSeiples to'becOnto! . Of-. ism!' .Uilhaiiy, , meirt 4 of the IteSttkiwave p lunged lit t he grosfiei ignorance; 'the'y' ' . the philosopher Ansultlgi-forrallietieon - pie primitivo church, and the OetTliiiit f 1 sorcerer. --. 1 1 heY'' Intro,:" . ' I** "valtiahle:or - worthless`, *mute r mid parehnent:tias . lacitintaithitiliflitte'e en the 'easa...=they Made* 'Of oldlitiannee OS to: eaPy 'upon Ahern. thattshintiliiiitirf , o me stupid. doctors. In t is way'llWo 4 :• , he lost apparently oke - 7 , 4* ' .4 of *mil - eni li _,,nt writers 0 . ; - Greeoe:40 ;Ithitai'likti 4 FleOlett A . ;1 4! , •:' T--- MIL 5111 3
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