tsin portion of his,enb cote, of corporate privi
leges, to carry on trailt , :;; oe for municipal put
poees, was a partial e i ranthisemont, and made
the means of resumin eomo of their civil rights.,
Than and there, aothetations . 'bad-merits, and:
were cherished by the4rionds of liberty. Heti
in-thie age and country, under onr free system;
where the people are sovereign to grant special
privileges, it in an hfversion of the ;order of
thiags. It is not to restore, bat to take away
' from the people, thein, - common rights, and give
.the to a few. It is to go back to the dark
Ages for instructi ni ii the science of 4overn
went, and having foihid an example, to wrest
it from its original purpose, and to make it the
. instrument of restoriffr the inequality and des
potiem,Which its burtiuctilin tended to correct.
The fallacy that, where largo investments
. . .
are,
renamed to• carrr on a .profitable business,
(mid cerporators do ii it assnelate for that which
is unprefitable,) ingridnal means are inade
quate, Vs everywhera refuted in this _happy
century. - 1.
fuxther; . bs cherishing any ' , oracular busi
d. •
nees,Voffsitrroundiog it with° special privileges,
the tiaturallaW, vitilelt secures to every branch
Of biraineas its'apiironriate encouragement and
reward,liVielated. lutAkr this law, so kindly
rovided - by-him wink rules all things, every in
lividual-man, untra4mielled by the curses of
bad govetnimeut, Guided by his moral and intel
lOU-lel:powers and his religious principles, ad-'
satires. his own happihess anti improves his own
anitilition-; and, tines; the-Happiness and pros-,
fierily: of - all are prCumted.. Every effort to
modify or subvert this sovereign -law, by pla
cing classes, professions ,or ; c allings beyond its
'control, bras hithertoi and.'-eveisiiit.like every
other transgression, lie dostruetivetif good. If
onr flee institutions lire rights—if 'it is right
that all moo should )ie held equal—if this is
the la* of our nature, enstamped by Him who
made us, then everypliurnan law which impairs
this equality, is titdieally .and intrinsically
,-; =mg. ' t
~
i-C
n...
I -„.
'
The report of tberd. a aCommissioners will
fttriiiiili ilfonnation, n detail, in regard to the
public wt rks. Netditlistanding the interrup
tions of business exoerienceil i during the year,
taegratifyin ,, result' is presented, of a large in
crease of tolls over4ny preceding -year. The
increased and increa:sing value of these great
works, render themian _object worthy of pecu
liar care-and protection i and mint; forever ne
gatilipithe idea of le 'State surrendcring the
control ever them, t a corporation.
The . Pennsylvania railroad company hove
commenced the a oniarnetion of their road, be
tween this place an 4 the city of Pittsburg, un
der very favorable ahSpiccs. The Eastern 'di
vision is now-under r,contract as-far as Lewis
' town, and it is expeited the retraining portion
of it, as far as Hollidaysburg, will be put under
contract during-the (Oiling Spring. The com
pletion of this greaqpnblic wort, even to Hol
lidaysburg, will audoent the trade and travel
upon' the Philadelphia and C, lumbia road.
Tide 'prospective inqeaseof business urges the
, ~
neeessity of considering the best means of a
voiding the inclinedklane, at th Schuylkill.
As the Philadelphia and Colt-it-obis railroad.
is the important Heil wl-ich conr.ects she main
line of our public improvements, as well as the
North and West brqueli canals, with the com
mercial metropolis of the State,' and np:n the
control and management of which the value of
our c an als mainly il e pped, evirytbing whieb i
relates to it, is or tic highest coneenn to the
interest of the Conlmonwealth. In adopting''
measures to eldange: , ,its route, so as to reach 1
the city without pasing the inclined - plane, the;
greatest 'circumspection and care should be ob- 1
tterved, to secure the best location practicable,
and to protect the .tate against exborbitaht
claim* . for , damages . ; No change .of location
shouldlie sanctioned, until the whole question
is Carefully examin id, by one et more 61 the
su=it competent engineers, who are entirely freed
from all interest iii the decision. Under no
-circumstances, should any plan or arrangement,
be entertained, by *Lich the State would, for a
-Single moment,' be deprird of the ownership 1
-Anil entire control df the read.
—The reports of iLe Auditor General, and
-State Treasurer, prhsent in detail the financial
Operations of the yOr ; and I take pleasure in
-Saying, that the industry, ability,- . and Edelity,
with'which these departments have been ad
ministered, are deserving of the highest com
mendation. '
- - the Cosemonwe4tb has beretofere sustained
,Inty losses, by the delay of the settlement of
ac writs, and. the Onitsion toyenforce the pay-.
lit of the balances found. due, when settled.
tbin.tbe last feni, years, many old acdonntS
i 9 been finally suited, atursuits brought and'
scented to jnil e 4ent and execution, for bal
es of long standing, embracing "the terms of
ap d e n ral ba a n d , m so m m ist e roaftnbso.m
lave
b b a e ; r i i n co many
el
compelled
d
tot 'cgs, produced
ti p e ro b d iti n an ced ee e m
du e e x . t wi rein th e
i l h ia e rds aeo h n ip .
Si 'fed interest , of
a t r the luso vency their
y , civils and co-sforetita.
i.
' era ' as fo es ud of . . 1
..., an/ gratified in; being able to say, that the
liniduees.-imposed an the accounting officers,
liyill:.*eljil act of assembly in collecting these
old .debte, hat not Only been faithfully petform
ed,,tat that the Current business has been
ptumptly attendiqto, and kept np. -To elm
, lle the Auditor GO,,neral, however, to continue
to du full justice tif i the iutereste of .the State,
and ail'eoneerued ip the prompt settlement. of
_ tufts, liberal piiivisionl should :be mode to
-Ist additional e'er* hire.
act v
bile on this sgthjeet I would respectfully
...
~Invite attention to tie organizationof the ea
ves of •the . Auditor eneral and State .Treain
xdr;lte Ascertain whether the regulations and,
Aniki(iXiating ar.4 sufficient; in all respects, to
nliunnaproper aedenntability, mid protect the
reitsofthaeoUnnonwealth. It istene, that
pabliehas fOr "anyyears sustainedmo loss ,
y the Tressum but I apprehend that the
' lA/loess of tied agents, having charge or
' alepirtmenti.9 and net the checks pro Vii;
by the law, ha* produced this result. This
...- propitious
.f of
• period tor instituting an exam,.
Lathe subjects, partieularly as thepre+
'n - iiiiiorthy *Stens - hold so /lige a share , of
-,,, plablie ,situifi4nee. Since the establish
tit of Vie present system, the finances of the
tOlaire. , lncresiii4 . .from a few.hundred then
as,-404eirly f*Anillions of . dollar's :szniir.
The , *lions _and eheeks whieli were
c 7 :Ws
.. ient, may newts .- iinide-,
4 0 to protect. : iiiiiesta of the Common
ire
'liiiiirienlaled)iiiii-Inereasing financial
~ , Af t 4i ti. i q:- 4;lirdie,-.4 . .0 be an elk_
it elr.t- ~. -so
be Tressinshoul4. be
:.•- , 1- P A
,
, 4 hilt * e '; ' : Anditor ' Venerar might
. . . .
iiiiiiVell . Aii-eii;:gie'<;iiiiiiiiiin'tinf44-Ttelini
*Si Itioliook4.4if hiir , isini~6o4r ,-- .irittitiiii
.. . 7
' lig lieMl4o3 t toff theseor,tbelittlOric .'' If
*Or oiniiiiciteiiiiist , "iii ilii.TrogorifiAic
ifo r tligiti*sloocksahoggiihOietind:tor
itAllitf' Map not di s t pe4eittidetitit*
me
ha;
pr
23,
in!
thl
„ei I
MEE
k
• 4:IC
i'v
sent 44iiiiinn tin 'itiode-of doing bilis - mei - 8'
I
. ,
in t twn.effice,s. ii .
It tiitic4OcetirS to niev ' that great .see . OritY
agn # the misitpplicatiMi of the moneys in the
Tr snrilind on deposit° in.the 'batiks, to the
er t I orthe Vieasurer, ishould• be provided, by
the natation a some checks upon his drafts
and,.
payinents. The moneys of the Compon
westh, on depOsite to the creditof the Treasu
rer, varying in amount, or some months in the
tear, from four hundred' thousand, to near a
million 'of dollars, arn , subject to I.is draft,
alone, while he is Amly required to give securi
ty in the sum of eighty thousand dollars. Thus
a very great and dangerous power is eoufulvd
to one man. , .
I, therefore,3uggest the propriety of requi
ring the Auditor General to countersign all
drafts fat the Payment of money drawn by the
Treasurer ; on lhe,dep: sitories, or fur transfer
ringinoneys.frrn one depository to another.
The rep6rt 'Of the Adjutant General, exhib
its tho numbet of the militia of the Common
wealth,. as well as the arms and military stores.
This detail allows the elements of the nub
tar power of the Commonwealth—the strength
of it- Republican Governthent. The expel ier.ee
of the last feu. years,' has added proofs to the
value of thisinstitutinn, and presents the sub—
ject, as one olgreat iinportance,tathecare and
supervision of the Legislature.
' The report of the Superintendent of -Cult- 1
mon Schools, exhibit a full view of the pro
gress and steady advbneement, of our' admil a
ble system of Commori School instruction, which
is diffusing its blesstags to the rising genera
tion, and strengtheng all our free institutions.
I The man liho loves bis race, cannot find a more
delightful subject of contemplation, than this
universaliprovision fopr the education of all the
children of the Commonwealth ; and thus arm
ing them with know edge and power, and fitting
them for maintaining the rank and dignity'of
freemen. The perf etion of the system, is one!
of the noblest cihje sof legislation, and will
secure the early and eontimicd attention of the i
General Asiembly.
You are. respeetf •ly reerred to the report of
the Surveyor Geller for information in rela
tion to the eperatiotis of the Land Office, du
ring the past year, by which it will Le seen, the
receipts into the Treasury, from that source,
have been increased: .
i The final Geologii.al report. now finished and
rearlylor the pres, has been derited by Hen
ry D. Rogers,. Esq.,ithe State Geologist, with
the Secretary,of tkCornmonwealth. This re
port is represented tb contain a general and sci
entific view of all the Rocky strata, and their
contents—their ordkr of arrangement, and the
region of country thi.'l occupy, and repr,sol.t
ing, in detail, the situation of every la) er . of
Coal, every important vein and bed of iron ore,
and every other mineral
. deposite, of utility,
within the State. The State has expend: d a
large sum in collecting the materials, and infor
tmation cor.tained in
,this elaborate and exten
sive report, which will be, in a great degree,
liosk; unless it is published. I, therefore, rev:
ounnend the subject of publication to the early
I attention of the Leeislature.
The rights of prOperty .of married woman,
t
present, in my opinion, a proper subject of leg
islative consideration. By our laws, the hus
band upon marriage, possesses the power oil
beer - ping the absolute owner of the personal'
estatelof his ti:e, by reducing it into possession,
and when he thus acquires this ownership, he!
may dispose of it by will, at his death, to whom
he pleases. She has the privilege, by law, of
renouncing the estate or property devised or
bequeathed b her by will ; and upon such re
nunciation, she is entitled to dower of fifer hus,..
band's real estate, of which he died seized.— 1
The Wife has-no control of her own rersond
estate, or of that of her husband dating the'l
marriage, unless it -be an extorted - a11.,w;
auce for necessaries; and at her death, she has
no power -to dispose of even that which was her!
awn, by will; but the whole belong to the bus
ban
d.' Ththushand may encumber his estate,
by .ditntracting debts without the consent of I.is
wife; ' and upon his d; nig intestate, she is only
entitled to the one-third of the personal estate,
and a lire estate in one-third of the real estate,
after the payment of all the debts; and, if the
estate is not sufficient to the', payment of the
debts ; she looses all. But l the wife cannot en
etimber. the real estate she holds in her ,own
right,;and upon her death, the whole vests in
the husband, during his natural life.
' ,The policy, as well as the justice of this.dis
, tinctien, made by the law in favor of the hug
band, and against the wife, may well be pies-':
tioned, The liberal and enlightened spirit off
the age, has developed and Eectired-the rights 1
of man, and has redeemed woman and elevated i
'her, from the degrading position she occupied,
and placed her, where she always should Itai-e 1
been, at the side of her husband, his equal in
ritH' k•and dignity. Then why should her rights
of property still'he, to a great extent, control-,
ad by - thO contracted and illiberal enactments'
of an .age when her husband was her lord, and
helitight!chaStise her, by law, as if she' were a
servant?f Our law. very carefully provides,
that the husband shall not, without the formal!
consent of his wife; convey his real estate by
deed, so as to bar her right of dower, and if,
this consent is not given, her right is protect
ed, after Ids death, against the claims of hii
creditorO Now, if this be . a • sound principle ;
and worthy of the splentn sanctions it has re
ceived fret!' the Legislature and the Judiciary,,
wliy:ehoild it not, beextended, so - as to preserve [ i I Utter.
to the widow her dower, in all cases where the I, 'lh steamship New Orleans arrived on the
husbandlhas not only by deed, but .by otberl2B6 frith later elates from Vera Cruz. Among
o brings the. remains of
means s disposed of his t her p r sengers area ; number of officers,return-
real estate,
, ctioned :by law, S without the formal consent of his I In g 4 nie. • She al
i,Lieutv Cols. Dickinson and Graham, Colonels'
wife?
.. It the husband contracts debts, his real
Martin, Seett and hansom; Captains
estate is !i•-effbettially transferred by the law,.''Butlei!t,
Tharnieton and Taylor:Lients. Williams, Tres
-
for the ntte of his creditors, as if he had,con
veyed. it by deed, with the consent 'of his wife: event and Kennedyi
—thus the la*; at present:, enables the hus-
.1. The t braque Brazil had not arrived at Vera
baud;liyt one mode of transfer, to bar hies wife's t Crud tit.d it was feared that She was lost.
doWer, - without Wei :co :tent, while it protect s No:inter dates had been received from the
her right With the greatest pertinacity, if hat'eaPjuit 1 '
adolits another-mode of transfer. lithe wid- !
ow'4 right'of dower is good in one case, as is
universally s;drnitted, it ' ut- equally as.. good in
ther l Other;
: and the: power of the husband to'
take it -livr!ty, hychangtngldie:ntode of trans-1
erring : the estate;ii deettnetireiiti sound and 1
oth.establiihed principle.Sind shonid be repeal
: : 1- IliiicanclasiOn.appears to me to be irre-
" lite-i and i,l; 7 lherefore, recommend the pas-'
.. i[giiOf ilayii, securing to, married women their
r ileip! of dower, in all - caiiir where' tile estates'. -
O their transfemid; after the paa-.
Sagiktiherie4 , Witliont '-iheir' formal consent;
i'1*t44: 1 ** 11. 0 1 j4 4 1. 1 4i;. - I! ,o ;the legislature, -
at iiiiiliat-aeseion;and in several messages eon--
Itai4o 00011ipst.ci1411s: for' dissoviving.:wiar
arrieotriefailibayo.c.xpresietMyopiqionF
. - 00*191d06044pthflekleitirOlivor!
A.l l ;;;ThCil,o44#o,olmiiiir-beeW:Orengthiii6o,
'. Y.-..14itt*: ,,- 0.0044 6 i.*4 - : .. :T- - obo , **rc to
The ,.-:. - , - : . . -i.: ,- •::' .- :. .: 1 ...
' ErtsVparposti f9rwidelt -the law.ipa,
libigeirivati eitiblish4 in: 'the COmiihn
, • i : ,. , ,
wea4 ', . ipavo been tmeeMpnauel. , General
114S : have-been enacted, Ind hive received the
apProbatton of the people, for securing the mi
-1 Atilt - int f the life, iliberty, and ropmation of
r tit' eitiz4bs, and for protecting thenfm.the-ae
qmsiiiogpossession, and trausmiisibe, of prop
erty, •andfin the pursuit of theii own happiness.
The fouMlations of good government being thii i s
laid, - thePne of the General Assembly; at. its
annual sessions, is more occupied in; providing
for .the 'eOtingencies . alai, arise in the progress
ofouraffairs„than in changing the organic laws,
as is itteisted by reference to the annual ei act
! mbnts of the Legislature. Fur some , years
past, bu 4 few general, while a large number of I
leCiil law's, hate been
,enacted. The tendency ' s
seems teisbe•to substitute special, for general
legislatide ; a practice which May well be re
garded iin of doubtful utility—and it' presents
:,
a question, which, in my opinion, deserves
great cOnsideration. General laws, affecting
the whale community, ,receive, in their discus-
ion, the deliberate consideration of all the
1 Representatives of the ipeople. That which in
-1 Wrests all, arrests the attention, and_ secures
the earOtind close investigation of all. Hence,
general ; f.aws have impressed upon thou,. the
wisdim, : the expelienee, and the judgement, of
every t4niber of the Legislature. Ilaving- re
ceived ails deliberate sanction o they usually
meet w4li the approbation of tic people,, an d
become permanent rules of action. 'This :rea
sonable Practice, limits and simplifies the ques
tions sttbmitted for legislative discussion, is
calculatoll.o shorten the sessions, redtled the
cipenseii of government, andtgive dignity.', and
importahce to the proceedings of the General
1 Assemlity.
• On the other hand, local legislation cites
no interest. 4, few members, only, who repre
sent thecounty. tiiiviisliip ur borough, in which
;the chatige of the law is proposed, are concern
-0 in artanging the provisions, and .being toot
Often paped upon their request,. those special r
ets are;set forth, with all . the imperfections, i
hich the wisdom and deliberate care' of the
vliole lihdy, if they had bean general laws, ,I
voulll have corrected. The direct tendency
of this practice, is to multiply the demand for 1
local lags -=-a demand win eh has iuc: eased from
year to ear, to an alarming extent., which no
industry of the General Assembly will be able i
within the limits of an ordinary; session to sat- ;
isfy, if the practice is continued. Is it not inn
practicable, in a great State like Pennsylvania
to provide special acts to meet all the different
and chtinging views of the citizens, „of every'
berouatit township and county? and if this 1 -)3 • •
were pr,actica me, would not the policy of estab-
lislihig an infinite variety of different rules, for
I the sante people, be exceedingly questionable,
rand intt!oduce great confusion and uncertainty ?
I Would it not defeat one "great and beneficial
object Of sound legislation, which is permanent
ley of t.lte laws ? Is there not true wisdom,
and sorind policy, in preserving and strength
ening Ole unity of the Commonwealth, and in
' maintaining uniform interests, custems and
!habits t It is tine, there ,are shades of differ-
I i ence iirtlie condition and local circumstances
of the 'titizens, of separate districts of the
i State ; ',but, in an advancing and-improving
i country, where intercourse is - 99 direct, and the
.; sociarthlations of life are so generally diffused,
these Will gradually and certainly disappear un-,
der thd!influenee of general laws. We are one
people ,Ivithout reference to our ancestry, or
the pi* of our birth. We are all Pentisvlva
. nians-tee have the , same constitution of-goy
' ernmei*---the same common rialitsz.—thOli win
+shr k old We not have the same common lows?
` In. 4:elusion, .permit me to assure von, gen
-1 tlemen,jhat I .41::ill most 'heartily co-dperatc
I with yon, in all your efforts to advance our be
loved C ommonwealth, and to pretuote the wel-.1
1 fare of - the people_
EXECT.I.ITE CHASIBEIt,
Ilartisburg; January 5, IS4S. I
;.,., Late trout the Brazos. ,
The'.ateanier Mount Version arrivcd'tat New
Orient *on the morning of the 26th ult., from i
the B ‘ razt s tringinq a tile of 'the Matamorab
Flag tti•the 11th at December, considerably '
later than had befere been Act-is-ed.
The'llag contains a copy of the orders issu-
Id by. generals Butler and Wool, forbitl,ing
the panient of Bin& mail by American Tra•
flers ox, others to Mexicans, as a kind of insu
rance for the safe conduct ssf their gods thro' I
the region of country infested by the guerillas.
This has been done to s! me extent-by traders,
Who, oil receiving a passport from Clunks, or!
~
ammo ; ether of the robber chiefs, have been.
,lierniittbd to pass on, with their goods unmoles
ted between Monterey and the Rio Grande.
Thetorders declare that if passports.: should
113 e thsiis purchased by Americans, it , will be
;deeriacsi a treasonable offence; if by Mexicans
or ferditners, it wilt be considered an act hos- -
....
!tile to,the United States and they will be liable
to imprisonment, as well as to have their prop
erty crfiscated.
TlieC; Matamoros Flog states that a large
tuundao of Mexicans weie emigrating into'Fer
ias for! Also purpose of obtaining the, rotection
lof thoiAmerican lawS should the Rio Grande
kbe the ;boundary line.
'
~
There was nothing. new from the interior,
but elery thing was supposed to be progressing
:peaecOly:- .
,
.. 'N
~ ..,{
.UItItrISII MaiCßOAcunlyrs.—A British-mat
of W:ii, arrived at San Juan, in Central Amer- 1
lea,, oMthe 27th of October last, with the libig
of tMusquito Shore on board.; mid the coal
inatido' at'once gave notice that he intended to
takp siession of that ,place in the name of
Ilia 24iiiesty on they Ist of the present month.
The inhabitants i Were very indignant, and it
WO kid intended t§ appeal to our government.
for AA in resisting the encroachments of the
British.. If thisihe true, it is likely that diffi-
culty li.itlt tniOnd may arise out ofit, as our
goverment him ireatedly declared its inten
tion til resist-Imi f lin Oiler in the:iiegaisi
ife
don of &footholds d this tiontinent. -, :—.Pennsyt ,
vanialt . ....
Capt i
and hiiilt
rams ito 11
Pro )45 40
an. daig',4, -, Pin
. -- .:.3anii . tair* 13, 19$.
Democratic Meeting.
Notice is hereby . given to• the Demoenitie
Citizens of Susciuelmana eiatity, that t4re
will he a meeting at : the Cofirt House, :I'll
the B.rough of Montrose, on the evening of
Mendav the first day of next January Conn,
(immediately after the rising of the Court)'for
the purpose of appointing ,DelezatCs to the
State Convention to be held atalarlisburgton
the 4th of March next, and for tie transaction
of such other business as Wby be deemefl
portant and neePsFary. - f
' By order of the Standing Cotmnit tee, : f
• THOMAS JOHNSON, Chairmen t.
Dec. 27, 1847.
APPOINTED BY THE GOVERNDE.-WALIER
FOLLET, Esq., to be Register.of Wills, Rcco4ller
of Deeds, and Clerk of the Orphan's Court4or
Sus,:lueLanna county, in the place of littinst
Fuca, deceased. •
FRS. R. SKUNK
out
k3ao.
lucipal
161 (0 )atif)11:004. _
The ResponsFbillly of the Warj
Io our,lastove proved, if facts can kove
an\fliing, that the war in which;we are nowEen
gagfd, was broUght about by tlO annexatio:p of
Ttias, and not by any march o' General Tay
lot' or any other American!Geqral, to the Bio
;
Grande, or any btlicr river.' :end if the 4cts
we then submitted failed to safis'y any one ofj
our readers of the correctness 4f that position,
then we consider chat more w3uld he cqu:tily
abortive, ar.d are disposed to give such anlone
over as utterly and hopelessly i)worrigible.l
Presuming, however, that 4 did nut fa 4 to
the satis'y n greater portion of Our reauers,iann
that additional evidence I's .entirely unnec*.sa
ry, we now proccedit.o Considerithe closing pre
iposition in our reaulrits ; whether . Mexico;liall
a right tn•complain 4 and whether the anni,xn
tion of that republic 'was a
. itst cause of the
war which she :begun We think nit, and
shall soon bring forward our reasbes ; 'although,
unfortunately, the affirmative is'the exact
.
thin of those who oppose the'war, or- rather
midenvor to charge its authorship upon the ad-
Ministration. Tkey are either compelled to
say that it was a -proveratinti,lan aggression.
which Mexico had a jgst right to resist, or else
they are bound, by every.consijleration of hon
or, justice, and patriotism,
.to .1,1 their peace,
and aid, as good citizens, in is ;SuccesSful prose
cution.
In considering this part `of eur subject, we
shall assume in the outset tliat Texas was a I
free, independent republic, on-leg no allegiance
to any nation on the globe, mid that, the pr
ties being agreed, she had 4 peree( i right to
unite her dtstiny with that, ofty other rcpuh
lie or power. We are awarit tl at the fact of
her abolute sovereignty is rytu i
's s±h•ned by some,
who are either ignorant, groisly ignorant, cf
her hiStory, or else determines[, .to place their
government in illewrong at all hazards; but
! kis nevertheless a truth suliceptible of the
clearest demonstration. ' Audis ; we co further,
and say, that - she never oWcd 4ny allegiance to
the Mexican 'government: suPsequentj to the
I: overthrow of the federal Comititution and es-
Aablishment of a military dr4otism, by Santa
Anna, in 1E35.
Suppose, as an illestration,Aat Gen- Tay-I
lor, cr Gen. Sot}tt, or some otli-er rnil:tary chief
tain, should conceive, and fu4liy execute, the}
unworthy project of wresting Oie government i
of this republic; abrogating 06 Constitution, i
.and establishing a military dispotism : would!
;the State of Pennsylvania, or dew York, or any i
'other State, be' bound to support that despo..l
tism ? Where, pray tell‘ us, iivould belhe in
listrument that Would bind it, cif the constitu
4ion was annulled, ;and if : it "liose to revolt?
And would not that,State haft, a just right to
!refuse allegiance, and declare anti maintain, if
[able, its independeinee ? Isle line will question
i such a right. :And yet this 14ppens to be pit
a eisely the condition of Texas, lin 1835. Sant.
}
i Anha had abrogated the i constitution—the on
ly compact by which it was evOs bound to Mea
-1 ico--and assumed the diefatofship, or the go.
(r
vernmen t,- by military polder. I Teins revolted,
as she or any Other State heti an undoubted
right to do, deplared a separOtte organization,
and fought and finally aehieied her indepen
dence on the victorious fie - ti 4 San Jacinto„in
lApril, 1836. On. that fi ld panta Anna, the
government of Illoico t ile Act°, (or at least
d/ the government she h(4O !vas taken pris
oner, and stipnlated for his freedom the lade
! penden - ce, of Texas to the itiolGrande.
From. that Iday onward nO effort was put
forth by Mexico to ec-coq4izet,and-Zring back
Texas, until the subject of annexation was
!started. Texas wet) then in tact as indepen
dent of Mexico, as Mexico was of Spain, (from
which she revolted and aOhitiied her liberties,
I hi precisely the same wag,) aid was sa.recog
nized by the different gover4ents of . turope,
as well as ourown. i, Amt. 0+ Mexico:herself
was on the-point of tieknotTledging - it also, which
she would s4uirtly,have ilfi i holonnally,hid not
the project offannexOton i :beOn motet. , But
- at this she toOk,sudoilen, Oriiiht,lest,l the only
.harrier to lietlabsorption , hy this republic ; which
she bud hoped Teihs wiitiliqproSe;.sheuld be
broken down, and her iii.ti4l4 4 : 4 l4tiniadeol,
'ended, Then sheieielliie4 . 9 204 ngii*toi
the subjugation,, and ie.eonquest or that; repub,
li e. . But .hyllybet, right : g
.Airhat, claims:lad,
she . to •Te*LOCill i's)*iiillan4hOse : or Spain to
li4i:', l 4'Engliind 'l , 4;i the 1 told PliiieUa'..Colerd4,
i. setsieass,euhaequent, to the :4merfean_
. 4y .- 9 1 it ,
": '
flenl. We Oewerilenet--44-the: itiun!...ent
that :hi brought 11 prove ; thaf - , idio hail , will al s o
prove with Nun! .iferco,the snpreltn# 011egieuta
of this republic to:QueenlriCtAiris: ,
That she had no righio!p , jushniietion over
Texas, therefore, at any time subsequent to
th Texan revolution, inollitelligent, honest .
mind can doubt. Every fact goeit:in warrant
and.corroborate Ais conclusion. Here then is
the argumentlsyllogistiesdly . statea: '
First, major, he war was brought about by
the annexation of TeXaS.
Second, minor, Texas was independent of
Mexico, in consequence of which Mexico had
no reasons or right to take offence; and •
111
Thira,-or conclusion ; therefore Mexico be
gun, without provocation, and is „responsible
for, the war.
But we must defer further remarks for the
present.
THE PRESIDENCY.-du another column of
to-day's paper may be found a very , elaborate,
well written, and sensible article frOm the N.
Y. Evening Piist, prepared by 'a 'orrespond:
rentiof.that paper, upon the subjectof the next
Presidency. We intetided to hap; prefaced
it with some remarks of.our own touching the
questions which it treats, and the:moveMents
and apparent prospeCts and with, Pres' idea
• •
tial aspirants of b - uth parties, but find our bm
it4 too much circumscribed this wea% ,
Our Legislature
Assembled at Harrisburg on TuisdaY week,
The Senate eleeteil Mr: WilliarnsOb, of Ches
ter. couniy, Speaker, and the Henan - Wm.i F.
CK ia, of Lyedming;: each by hity. party *a :
jority. Aside fr, m thisl -very liit)e bughiess.
has been done otherwisb than the appolatment
of Committees, &e., preparatory to the work
of the session.
The message of Gov Runk, which will lie
found in our columns to-day, was read to both
House's on Wednesday.. It is a ilocument of
more than ordinaty ability, of .niodnra4 'length,
aid commends itself to the con_ sip typd
sound commends
of men of all partied. Its
exhibit of the fli.ances of our Stitte is truly.
flattering, and its suggestions iM eCartl to a
mode of extinguishing our Statiii debt, must
strike•eYery-one with peculiar fore°, as being
sound and practical. But av it document
that none of our readars will fail tti peruse and
interpret for thetnselyes t , we will not ocetv
py more space in at:alyziag or approbating it
here. i;
Congress Proceedings.
Congress has as yet done but very Rare of
public importance, but is• beginning to get
warmed up for-the wurk, now thatithe holidays
are past. On Monday, January 0, the bill to
provide clothing for the volunteer's; in the. ser
vice of the United Ftates, was passed byv the
Senate. The Ten Regiment Billitas then ta
ken tip, and Mr. Cass addressed the Senate at
length in favor of it.; after, whielOt was post
poned till Wt.d:.esday, and made, the special
I order of the day.
u S - A motion was offered 3)y Mr. Ash.
men i;:strut ting the committee oMthePost-of
fiee to inquire into the' expedieneY of repealing
all laws which make criminal the transportation
o:letters and newspapers by private means. •
A resolution was offered by . lkir Hudson, for
the withdrawal of our troops to the east bank
of the Ilio'G rande, and for other treasonable
purposes, whiA, after some di+ssion, waa
negatived,--ayes, 41 ; nays, 137. •
An amendment to a resolution of thanks to
Gen. Taylor, declaring the 'warTin which he
Lad been engaged " unnecessarily: and •uncon-'1
st:tutienally begfitt by the President of the
United states," was carried by iti.ote of 85 tol
Dem-erats voting against. it tow-man.
[What a paiadcitis thiS ! One s.eat-ago last,
May, that body, composed of neatly one half'
of its . present Members, . declared; the war to
have been. begun "Ly the act of Mexico," by
a vote of 174 to 14. 'But no matter : a day of
fearful retri'outiori to the party that thus has
libelled its country.and governmeat; wall iurel'
come.] ,
'SENATE, Jan. 4th.—Mr. Calhoun consumed
.
the most of this day by a long speech - uosn'his
abstractiphi, in which he 'denouliCed the Ad = r
ministration, and the :policy of coiniuting th e"
war, &e:, in a strain creditable ti} Aniggery,
but not ip a profcssediDemocrat. L
Hoes; —No business of general interest was
transacted. Y -
; - P
__ L
SENA* Jan. .?/1.-11r. Cass' Ten Retiment
Bill waiithe solo subject of disuasibn. An
amendment to the hill, giving theivresidlint dis
cretionary power of calling out thO troops pro
vided for in the bill was offered aridaecepted.
Houses-Theyi only subject oft, debate will
the report of theiPosti-officecoMMittee4n rela
tion toltbe dittniulty:lietween Ithe Virginia
Itailroa Complioy and the Postmaster Gen.
end. -
1- -
SEwL,z, Jariiifilh.---31r. Mas o n stihmitted a
resolutidn to restore the editors oif"tha-*aiii
ington Union to the Priiiheieof thji,SnatefloOr.
Leave We's granted . _ Mr; nerdy to bring in :4
joint resPlutiom providing for-, the payment lif,
the claiMs of 00r citizens - Untieil
'l,ba Mexican
treaty or 1830: Read-twice lindft , eleiiikthe
Ten Regiment -11 ill, viai finethavaitienailail*l
Lttessrs.'l - and gale,' iliai.iiiiii - AO. it: .
110131 4.-Mie t ai, , rOssioiknetl4 l .reakorntien in
relation to the tianaio.r94ii4;oii 11:14-j
day, <;: .. .
Washington &mil ift.ie1iM:0e..0,0,.7140,41.,:t!1ifi
, .. 4,1 ';
JANC , 4aysth.—Seiii,6l,*ini pefsion, •
Hoc s.i.—;The!tntiti4i y . :dsii , •-ir,ii!coWititneit.la'
disCussiilg thg ' winit - Atiwttpor,tatilftP oesti9l l l
lifter whigh tbe l llokis ii!iiourgett i (Air'
,t,W Noll,i
tj
dilY , •1 ci '''• 1" i •''."- _ il . :: l E i` ‘ :
i*.- 1 , . . ' It - ''S
The writher ory ).144 . ay
,anall'weittitejOitti,.
was .xo'plaiyiti' - colti;:jtliitl theiiitgptetti' , ; liewl ,
RbelOir
ti zero 4!1 luied:ay TworiiWg ; ',":l '`• ''l.- -
- i • • • , 4 ' -I''..: '
.1 1 ' - ",ifaiiii:iiiii4i: iio itiaii iiiii:' ' -
*.41014 - tara et-Ne4Terk conveneyl on
Nadi:lr irielt... The - niessage of Gov, Young
. 1 4:n4ather Alit pcirtion ofiit which relates to
ti l ar;ar4t . bas tali - en; , all liartio g i ' by - surprise.
II avows ` liisfileiire for .ileace,lat not for a
withoutlndernhity, Onseiuently he is
p i e
for acquisition ten4tory.l The annexed pa s .
sage is a hard
,hitl.alifr. 101ay, and his• co-ls
-1 borers, or we lire iIO, jndge
, "With-the return of peice will come a sea.
son for calm,deliberation•and searchicg inqui
ry,: The causes, the conduct and results of
the war, may be then properly and usefully in.
v 'stigated. BuCuntil our;; enemy shall , have
ben subdued, discussioeso involving cellisiona
o opinion at home; cannot ft by exciting
i
Oise expectationi. in Mexioo, to ' barrass no
getiatians jot . peace. T: co n dently trust,
therefore, that , such discusilions will not be al
injured to district s your deliberat !mi. So long
as there is an'enctny in tl4 fiel I feel assured
that-we sha ll look only t 4 - the bond. of ou t
!n
. )_,_'
If this is not a distinct alle gati i on thatFede
inilimn is a - idingand conifokting Mexico, as well
. ~
as protracti- 1 .
4 -, course on the
w40,-iihst
i \
(king.
F' Mr. Rec. .roe Senate of
i. to
the Statnif Olin,. Offered jeeently in that body
alpetition . signed l by` 81 • citizens of - Biel...heti
county, in that State,,,ltakiig the General Ai
n._ . .
sembly to invite', Thonia Forma to resigri his '
stmt-.in the Vnited:StatealSetiate, and that he
he, confined ilithe State Penitentiary nntiltle
c ose ofthe e petitioners were corn.
wart.Tit'
,
,„, 0 e(I of citizens belonging to both parties.—.
Some pretty till fißschestwere made , and some
.., I
righteous indignati ponied forth, as the fol
lowing will tell i .
..
t l
Mr. Olds ;, remarked that this petition he
thought should be referred.' R e did not won
der that eitiions of Ohio, irres pective of party, ,
should, in their-honest indignation, knowing
' that the Legislature of. Ode had placed Tom
'Corwin in power, feel that!the s me body should
asli him-to resign a - trnsti,; he, as so signally
failed to execute to the interes of his country,
and to theilsitisfactionlot- constituents.
They knew that , their feelings have been Out
raged, the high positions of t his beloved State
'de ded dndla foid antislanderous libel been
published aiainit their beloved country. They
[ red k said Mr. 0., that one of Ohiels Senators
`ha4erpetrat ell treason, deep, jdark antidotal.-
' tiv , and that tbe..foul stain tan only he wiped
front , her fair escutcheon I , ;by placing the mark
of a traitor upon him. . ; • 1 .
Can they, shall we askil them to forget that '
this iu:stotioos individualibaving less than two
years ago, virted - in.the S4nate of the United
States, " that whereas- war, existed by the acts
of the Republic of.Mexido," -and that the Pn
sident should be autheriied to send fifty thin .
sand of his fellow citizens to -the 'tented field in
Mexico, should in one short year, pronounce the
war "unrighteous and damnable, "—" a Presi
dential .war,"—and pre elaim, from. his high
place iriab4,,Senate .of the United States, to
the Meiiean :soldiers, !".were T in your place, I
would Welcome the An . toiled& soldiers with
bloody hands to hospit able graves." It this
be not affording "aid anil eopifort" te our er.c -
!rules, what waidd. aid mid coi fort them? if
{this be not-treason, said!! Mr. 0., in heaven's
'name, what-is _treason ? ii But listemagain to a
'traitor's language, and then tell me, said 31-,
la, if the feelings of thOse petitiofers do ett
find a.responsein many a noble and patriot:c
'bosom ? . l' i.
After Corwin; by his Vote, pad caused thor
imnds of the patriotic ; mins. of. Ohio to lea , e
;their homes, their firesid4 and their peaceful
iavecations-ii•to' serer
..thd fond connection that
'bound them to fether, m o ther , brother, sister,
land loved ones -to lay aside their implements
lof husbandry and mecha nism—to ,tarn their
iplow-shaies aial prut.i.4g :'rooks into brut'.
swords and bristling bayOneta, and in deferu e
lof their cOuritry and'her ‘ pisulied flag to funk
more than three thousa n d :miles, an d into tl o
enemy's conntry—to endure hardships, toil al A
ipriiatioand then; Whew surrounded by in
lenemy four' times their *miter, forgetful of tle
Ilusages and" tights ..:Of in h 'notable warfarc,
Iproclaini to them , froni - Ithe :ational‘Senal.e
!Chamber-"Thoughye : it)ev i n hungered, I'l
i i
!give youirebread=thotth y ;he athirst I'll
give you no driok-:--thongh ye - be naked,- 11l
clothe' you`not!, "ThOugh., he Mexican lasso
be' aroundryonrneek, a &bps. s tiletto at your
heart, so help.me God 11'117 , 'ire you neither
1 ;1
meriworvionejr.to. en :r-an . -"assist you."—
!' Though every womina and hildir Ohio, rip
en thew banded knees, tihimlA -plead in you'
behalf, lig steel my,heaii-a iiist-their hart
tneies." - i. 'Th.: my heart
1 . -: - :' --:-''
, 1
• ' Mr.- Olds ''tiaid-' be could ' t r uly Sympathize
with those petitionerkit the I. outraged fid
ings and . : honest indignation , at he would nbv
er ennsenti'te-'graot theJtteT clause of their
request:i-.lTh4, althoug h - everyy pulsatieni of
the traitor's : heart was in unison with our eile
nies-thif.-alltliOughi tbia asit and damning
stain of treason. was , upon- hlh, he, Mr, ;0..
would never consent tn- hide Ihim from public
view,:iraAnnietin i s Walls: .-Rootaid M. O.
let not the blaaliall orobliVion diver , the trai
tor, nor hide_hts treasoliutiratlie.rlet him lire
len tb 6l isilutraii anroPiebiof scorn and ha
tred; that " posterity inay r i.'piiirit - -tie him 'and say,
u -There . goec,i}lititrie- . 43t'llittilive, thAt we
may . witness the 3crithitigianttageny of hisita
terk,posterity'riiiiiiikhie*eason:to,bia comOrY
l ihall-be thrown-into_thieteethOf his oblides,
' and" .. :, bii'-ehilditio'ir. children'; 'let • him be like
44 Cain, Unfiliie l i abalberyriant,,lfqfypunishitimt
is reidoi.than' , /caig , boairt,s i •
Thiineitjcinlitie 06 taken en the reap
tion'-ef;thif:iiCiitiakaint itinnt - - recelved-^yeas
1i3,--41i.g.-_ - ;T,T - r .:- f, , 14 ,-- -.:
Th . e.petition w -
as " t h en ~
atter ,
EOM debate,
krefertiiFte..the iTudieisn*.coins m ' V ittee, . - •
'. ':
Thii4citit:that : tit Senate ofOlio, a liege
Purtion-41°41,:*-W l
"!#;liar taken Btre'ng:
e l
kit: miftl i fii i : o l .4 4lii. ii.64 ,- ; I and announce in
hililiiit)4 l :iiii-4:ailiiiideratoeil, 'fief one of
their ;SeimifjTl,llt egil t . 41-li*intikor to biz
country case:;liis eoliducthmebeea such t S
to 01 4 0* tINt t t war . anihencourage the enemy.
111
- i ,_ T , ~,:. - - 2 ,1- :f e n te4he depth 11
s'', 1aN0W:',!A.,,0.--"`rilr i - tine la s'
:. oi-Zinth-tgatf 81 .4rd:14 11 . ea
II- , - , .
, a . , ~- 's- L'.,, --- -1 id this op
* iig t ::' l ) l lf ! 0 , 1,1 0 in ,w37 - - - ,„.• at M i s ses,
, . , 4-..;„6.,, , acceptable
' 1,1 7 , 7=iTe, , e4 ,- t , At, ‘iiitigh444le, (AesT'
' lea sual AL:,_ !-:. ~ • a
1 - - ' '-ns":ilisi SQ l l9=Cilat:o,f 0 41- e° P
,—,