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AUTO RAMA ’85 WEDNESDAY, APRIL 24, 1985
How do engines work?
PAGE THREE
When you start the engine, you bring to
life. a machine that harnesses the energy
of burning gasoline and air to drive the
car and operate all the accessories.
The cylinders are where the action is.
A cylinder is a round hole in the cylinder
block.
In most four-cylinder and six-cylinder
engines, the cylinders are set up in a
straight line. In a V-8 engine, they are
arraned in two rows, in “V’’ formation.
Inside each cylinder is a piston.
There’s a very small clearance between
the piston and the cylinder - less than the
thickness of this page.
To keep burning gas from escaping,
piston rings fit into grooves around the
piston and press against the cylinder.
At the top of the cylinder are two
valves, which look and act like the metal
drain plug in a wash basin.
The intake valve opens to let a mixture
of fuel and air into the cylinder, then
closes as the piston moves upward,
squeezing the mixture against the top of
the cylinder.
The spark plug ignites the mixture and
the burning gases expand, driving the
piston downward to provide the power.
Burned gases escape when the exhaust
valve opens as the piston comes up.
The up-and-down motion of the piston
must be converted to rotary motion to
drive the car. When you ride a bicycle,
the up-and-down movement of your leg is
changed to rotary motion by the pedals
and sprocket.
In an engine, the piston works a
connecting rod. The lower end of the
connecting rod fits on the crankshaft,
which has one crank for each cylinder
(one for each two cylinders in a V-8),
lined up from front to rear.
All the power developed by the engine
is transferred through the rotating crank-
shaft.
To prevent parts from wearing them-
selves out by rubbing against each other,
the engine needs a lubrication system.
Oil is stored in an oil pan.
The engine drives an oil pump, which
forces oil through passages to the work-
ing parts. An oil filter screens out dirt
and other foreign matter.
A modern engine is designed to last the
life of your car, and it can, given
reasonable care. The key to long life is
proper “lubrication. Engine oil contains
detergents which pick up particles of soot
and sludge and dirt and hold them in
suspension.
If oil isn’t changed on schedule, it
becomes saturated with these impurities
and theengine accumulates stick sludge
or hard coatings of ‘‘varnish”’. Moving
parts stick together and oil passages
become clogged.
Be sure the oil and oil filter are
changed at the intervals recommended in
your car manual.
Automobile City
Automobile City, a division of Fred
Schuler, Inc., is a Nissan dealer and
provides service on all types of Nissan
automobiles.
With two locations at 1280 Sans Souci
Highway and 206 Carey Ave., Wilkes-
Barre, Automobile City provides both
parts and service. In existence for 34
IS Nissan dealer
years, 16 of them as a Nissan dealer,
Automobile City is a family-owned busi-
ness and owned by the Schuler Family.
Mary Schuler is president of the com-
pany while Frederick Schuler serves as
general manager and Dave Schuler is
sales manager.
at Jack Williams
e All-Terrain Vehicles
® Boat Trailers
e Campers
e Golf Carts
e Fork Lifts
e Snow Plows
e Wheelbarrows
» Campers
or Jack Williams « Phone; 759-0376
Charge Account 3
WILKES-BARRE
Phone:, 829-1991
4)
AES
Crankshaft” Oil Fitter
‘Oil Pan Oil Pump
BUY A PRE-OWNED
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HURRY I"! —FIRST COME—FIRST SOLD
CASH PRICE
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*With Approved Bank Credit, Taxes, Tags Extra, Amount Financed $6300
APR. 15.03%, 60 Months, DPP. $9089. TT— When Compared to 1985 Model.
LOADED WITH EQUIPMENT
© Front Wheel Drive
« AIR CONDITIONING
* Automatic Tronsmission
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Deluxe Interior
*.Tinted Gloss
© All Season Radial Tires
__* Body Side Protective Molding
*" ¢ Full Disc Wheel Covers
* 6 Passenger Seating
e AM/FM Radio (Most Models)
* Balance 2'Yr.-24,000 Mile
Limited Factory Warranty
303 WYOMING AVE.
KINGSTON
287-3125
| HOURS:
MON.-FRI. 8:30 t0 9
SATURDAY 'til 5