i sk 3 i EsTAsLIsHED 1889 ~The Dallas Post TELEPHONE DALLAS 300 ~ A LIBERAL, INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY MORNING ; AT THE DALLAS POST PLANT = LEHMAN AVENUE, DALLAS, PA. HOWARD RISLEY . "HOWELL REES . TRUMAN STEWART Valley Chamber of Commerce. $e0cccacssss0eses serena se ns BY THE DALLAS POST, INC. Sr Hele tralia wee alee ae General Manager Managing Editor + teesesssssssssss. Mechanical Superintendent 3 The Dallas Post is on sale at the local news stands. Subscription price ~ by mail $2.00 payable in advance. Single copies five cents each. Entered as second-class matter at the Dallas Post Office. ~~ Members American Press Association; Pennsylvania Newspaper Pub- lishers’ Association; Circulation Audit Bureau; Wilkes-Barre-Wyoming UEY. Pp. LONG, United States sen- ‘ator and political dictator of Lou- isiana, is dead, the victim of an as- 3 assin’s bullet. As he passed through a corridor of the state-house in Baton Rouge, where the leg- islature was passing more laws to solidify his control over the state, he was shot once through the bedy by Dr. Carl A. Weiss, Jr.,, of Baton Rouge, one of the ing- fish’s” political oppo- nents. The assassin | Huey P. Long w.s immediately shot to death by the senator’s ever present bodyguards. 3 The surgeons and physicians worked unceasingly to save Long, but his strength steadily waned and shortly ter 4 o'clock Tuesday morning, about | tiry hours after the shooting, he 1 ‘passed away. f Long’s body lay in state in the ro- tunda of the Capitol building while any thousands passed by the bier. The impressive. funeral services were ~ senator was. interred in a sunken gar- den of the Capitol grounds. Rev. Ger- ald L. K. Smith, the young minister Ww o deserted a rich parish in Shreve- ort to follow Long, was the only speaker at the funeral. The only mu- ‘was the song, “Every Man a King,” Pp yed jn minor key and dirge time y the State University band. ‘Though the man who killed Long the real story of the assassination was shrouded in uncertainty. Rarl Chris- tenberry, secretary of the late senator, declared that Long was murdered as result of a conspiracy; that a num- ber ‘of his enemies formed a “jury of y death,” and that Doctor Weiss was selected by lot to fire the fatal bullet. To those who are familiar with the conditions in Louisiana this story does not sound especially fantastic. | What will become of Long’s “empire” 1s a question that agitates all his fol- lowers, and all the people of the state as well. For the present, it seemed likely, the members of the Long ma- chine will sink their personal ambi- tions and try to hold the organization intact. It will be difficult for them to decide on a successor to the “Kingfish” as their leader. Gov. O. K. Allen is considered too mild and ' peace-loving. Ok ‘Seymour Weiss—no relative of the as- . passin—treasurer of the Long organ- ization, is the strongest man in the lot, ut he always has drawn back from holding a public position. Allen A. Ellender, speaker of the house, may by the man finally selected. USSOLINI tacitly consented to L the appointment of a committee of five nations by the League of Na- * tions council to handle the Italo-Ethi- ~ opian embroglio, and after protest agreed that Great Britain and France should be among the members of thot body. The other members are Spain, Turkey and Poland. Senor Salvador de Madariaga of Spain is the chairman, and he and his associates at once began the task assigned them. Each country is represented Salvador de Madariaga by its chief delegate, being besides Madariaga, Eden of England, Laval © of France, RustuArras of Turkey and Josef Beck of Poland. league opened its session, Sir Samuel Hoare, British foreign secretary, elec- {rified the gathering by an outspoken warning to Italy and France. He de- clared Great Britain recognized Italy's " need for expansion and raw materials ‘but would not ‘admit these could not be obtained peaceably. Pounding the tribune, he said: | “Britain stands for steady collective . Pesistance to all acts of unprovoked aggression.” He paused, struck the ‘tribune again, and repeated quietly: 3 i “Steady collective resistance to all acts of unprovoked aggression.” | Sir Samuel more than intimated that Great Britain was prepared to take ‘sanctions against Italy in case of ag- ‘gression provided all the other mem- bers of the league shared the risk; ‘and if not, then England was prepared to isolate herself from the continent. [This seemed to put it up to Premier - |Taval of France, to choose between ‘the friendship of Britain and that of Italy. Laval, meanwhile, was trying ito persuade Mussolini to accept anoth- held on the front terrace and the dead | was known as one of his political foes,’ | Soon after the assembly of the- Britain Ready to Take Sanctions Against le : Ickes Yesus Hopkins. By EDWARD W. PICKARD © Western Newspaper Uszion, er plan be had devised and postponed his speech to the assembly. Representatives of the Netherlands and Sweden were the first to support Hoare’s position, announcing their countries would fulfill all obligations, including collective penalties, if any member became a victim of aggres- sion. _ In two speeches In Rome Mussolini gave indication that he would not be diverted from his purpose to conquer Ethiopia. Though in one he said “the Italian people want peace provided it is accompanied by justice,” in the oth- er he declared “we shall march straight on.” The Ethiopian govern- ment announced that “telegrams from the northern frontier show that the Italians are making important troop movements on the Ethiopian and Eritrean frontier, indicating an early offensive against Ethiopia.” Accepting the advice of his “brain trust,” which includes Everett A. Col- son of the United States, Emperor Haile Selassie instructed his repre- séntatives in Geneva to reject all solu- tions thus far offered by the powers for settling the quarrel with Italy. UBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATOR ICKES and Work Progress Adminis- trator Hopkins got into such a quar- rel over the spending of the $4,000,000, 000 fund that the President had to call them to Hyde Park, together with the third and neutral member of the works relief triumvirate— Frank &. Walker, the director of the na- tional emergency coun- cil and administrator of applications. Others called to the important works re- lief parley included Daniel Bell, direc- tor of the budget; Charles West, un- der-secretary of interior; Corrington Gill, assistant of Hopkins; Fred Iron- sides, administrative assistant of Walker, and Col. Horatio Hackett, chief of housing in the PWA. Mr. Roosevelt was determined to have peace, and told those present that the prime necessity at this time is to make jobs quickly, always keeping in mind the idea of turning workers back to private industry as business war- rants. This looked like a victory for Hopkins, who favors quick jobs, over Ickes, champion of permanent public works. The President has declared that he hopes 3,500,000 persons can be removed from the relief rolls and put to work by the first of November. Harry Hopking EGAL attack on the Guffey soft coal act has been opened by 16 coal cempanies operating in Harlan county, Kentucky, in Federal court at Louisville. They brought suit for in- junction against its enforcement, charg- ing that it violates the federal Consti- tution in these ways: 1. It violated the fifth amendment, which forbids taking property without due process of law. 2. It violated the tenth amendment, which reserves to the states, or to the people, all rights not granted the fed- eral government or forbidden the states. 3. It attempts to delegate legislative power. 4, The section levying a 15 per cent tax on all coal production, with a 90 per cent refund to producers submit- ting to the code provided by the act, is “an unconstitutional attempt on the part of cengress, under the guise of taxation, to punish those producers of bituminecus coal who are unwill- ing to surrender their constitutional rights.” 5. Congress has no jurisdiction over and no power to legislate upon certain matters covered by the act or the code. The companies declared they would refuse te submit to the act and the code it authorizes. {JNiveRsITY of Michigan is rejoic- ing over a gift of $5,000,000 for enlargement of its graduate school. The money is donated by the Horace H. and Mary A. Rackham fund, based on the bulk of the estate of the late Horace H. Rackham, Detroit phi- lanthropist. % One million dollars will be spent to purchase a square block of land ad- joining the present campus and for a new building. The remainder will be exrployed as an endowment. The in- come will be used to promote research. By the terms of the agreement the school will be known as the Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies. ‘for that wheat by the miller. Chir ER RS around th NATIONAL CAPITAL By Carter Field FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT Washington.—Black rust in the Northwest, particularly in the Dakotas and Minnesota, and to a lesser extent —due to less rain—in Montana, is go- ing to upset a lot of AAA calculations on wheat this year. For example, all government figures so far are very mis- leading, in that they estimate bushels of wheat, but take no account of the fact that due to the peculiar type of ravaging black rust effects, the same number of bushels of wheat will pro- duce less flour. Conservative estimates in Minneapo- lis and St. Paul, for example, are that from 40 to 50 per cent of the wheat crop expected in the whole Northwest will be unmillable, That is, it would not, in the normal course of events, be ground inte flour. This is complicated further by the processing taxes. The processing tax is based on the bushel of wheat that goes into the flour mill. Now a bushel of wheat which has been affected by black rust will produce only a fraction of the flour that a normal bushel of wheat fwould. In ordinary times, this would be ‘carefully calculated, and would be reflected in a much lower price paid But the fact that the processing tax is based ‘on the bushel of wheat, not on the barrel of flour, upsets normal calcula- tiens. Black rust strikes the whent on one side—always the southern side. If the weather is dry, it does not spread around the kernel. If the weather is damp, it does. It makes a ring all around, and as most of the nourish- ment comes up near the circumference of the kernel, instead of through the center, the food of the kernel is choked off. This means that in a bushel of rust-infected wheat, there is an un- usually large percentage of bran, and an unusually small percentage which can be ground into white flour. Canada Also Hit The duty on wheat from Canada is 42 cents a bushel. Canada also suf- fered from black rust this year, but Canada has a tremendous carry-ocver— considerably more than 100,000,000 bushels, which is not affected by black rust. Moreover, the government of Canada has decided to liquidate this wheat, which it has been holding in much the same way that the United States government held cotton, and as the Brazilian government held coffee. This hold-ever Canadian wheat, ex-' perts say, can easily pay the 42 cents duty, and the processing tax, and still be a bargain for Minneapolis millers in contrast with about one half of the northwestern wheat, This is due to the complication of the processing tax, plus the fact that half or more of the northwestern wheat assays such a small proportion of flour. Predictions by experts are that at least 50,000,000 bushels of this hold- over Canadian wheat will be bought by United States millers, and probably nearer 100,000,000 bushels. The rust-infected wheat thus driven out will have to be scld as cattle feed. But there enters another complication. There is already in the Northwest a great plenty of cattle feed. All forage crops were good this year, due to the very moisture which hurt the wheat. Forage crops, due to their bulk as com- pared with their value, cannot be hauled economically for long distances. Which means that if they are to be consumed at all, they must be con- sumed in the northwestern states. From all of which experts predict that there will be tremendous buying of young pigs for fattening, and young cattle, in the Dakotas, Minnesota, and Montana, this year, and that while the production of beef may not affect prices before 1937, the price of pork will be forced down by next summer, no mat- ter what the AAA may do. Atlantic-Gulf Canal Aside entirely from the questien of whether the construction of the At- lantic-Gulf canal aeross northern Flor- ida will ruin the fresh water supply of that portion of the state south of the proposed ditch down te Lake Oke- chobee, the proposition is really on all fours with the much talked about Passamoquaddy, It has been considered for many years. Always it has been rejected, after study by engineers. Always the reason has been the same. It is en- tirely practical as an engineering project—indeed it presents few real difficulties from that angle, if this con- tamination of Florida's fresh water supply is waved to one side. But is it economically sound? The answer has always been “No.” Careful study, even this time, pro- duced a report to President Roosevelt that if the total velume of business which might be expected should ma- terialize, still the proposition would not pay interest on .its cost and eperating expenses. There is no hair line about this. The experts had no doubt about it whatever, But there is an even gloomier angle. Three-fourths of the present tonnage moving from Gulf ports to North At- lantic American ports, and across the Affantic (tonnage for South Atlantic ports of course would not use it) con- sists at present of oil. No cne is in a positien to state how long this ton- nage will continue so to move. Oil fields now shipping by way of the Gulf may continue shipping for many years, Eh : IB ne e i On the other hand, their production may slump any time. Also it is always possible that pipe lines may be found more economical for moving the prod- uct. So that no one knews at what mo- ment three-fourths of the existing ton- nage that this canal might expect may be cut off. Can’t Foretell Tonnage Against this the contention is made in defense that no one can foretell what business may arise to provide plenty of tonnage for the canal. It is quite possible. Many railroads doing a large business today, and serving very real needs, were constructed to accommodate traffic which has long since disappeared—would never have been built if their builders, and the in- vestors who provided the construction costs, had suspected that the traffic they were built to handle might evap- orate. The Immediate pressure for the canal, of course, is to provide some use- ful work for idle men—semething that will not be mere boondoggling. On the theory that this work may be useful— may even prove profitable for reasons not now realized—the work is justified by its defenders. And it is a real job. The canal will be 195 miles long. It invelves moving almost twice as much dirt as was involved in digging the Panama canal—slides and all. Though on account of the difference in terrain, climate, etc., the expense will not be anything like as great. Incidentally, traffic on the Panama canal is far greater than anyone at the time conceived it could be. So that there has been strong pressure eco- nomically, as well as for the mere ob- vious reason of national defense, for a Nicaraguan canal. Engineers, leaving out of consideration the question of keeping a canal open despite air raids and sabotage in war, would like to double the number of locks at Panama, thus doubling the amount of tonnage which could move through it. About Politics It is an old saying in politics that the man “out in front” in the race for the Presidential nomination of a big party—six months before the cenven- tion—is bound to be killed off. The theory is that all the other candidates are shooting at him. Also that the public is highly changeable, and for- ets easily. There are exceptions to all rules, as evidenced in this case by the present incumbent of the White House, Frank- lin D. Roosevelt, was well out in front for the Democratic nomination for 18 months prior to the 1932 Democratic convention. He sprang into the lead when he was re-elected governor of New York, by a tremendous majority, in November, 1930. His boom defied all traditions by staying there, despite all sorts of ups and downs, right through the whole peried. To use a racing term, his boom was never head- ed. There was never a day from No- vember, 1930, until his nomination in June, 1932, when fair betting odds would not have favored him against any other candidate. Or for that mat- ter, against any two other candidates. Politicians of both parties are won- dering if an exception will come this time in the Republican party. At pres- ent the two leaders, so far out in front that it seems hardly worth while to figure who is third and who is fourth, are Senator William E. Borah and Col, Frank Knox, publisher of the Chicage Daily News. Almost any politician, familiar with national politics, will tell his friends confidentially that if either of the two is nominated, it will be Knox. This theory is also based on old fixations, which may easily be preved. wrong. Stripped down to its essentials, the theory on which these politicians elimi- nate Borah is two-fold. First, that he is too old. Second, that the “regulars” have never wanted Borah, and hence would not want him now. As to Borah That is ene of the reasons the recent poll of Republican local leaders by Rob- ert H. Lucas was so interesting. Ap parently these local leaders thought Borah would make a very strong candi- date in their communities, whether they personally would prefer another type or net. As to his age, Borah is in marvelous condition considering his 70 years. Friends are fond of saying he has all the Mormon virtues. By which they mean he uses no tea, coffee, tobacco or alechol. He is a sparing “eater, and has kept up his horseback riding even in Washington. He insists on his beauty sleep every night, cares nothing about society, never subjects himself to any undue strains. For example, even when he was tremendously inter- ested in filibusters, he never made the long, grueling, time-killing speeches for which some other senators are famous. All his life he has been a lone welf in politics. In the senate he has never been a cog in the machine. He would never be “regular. The strength of Colonel Knox, as shown in various polls, is simply revo- lutionary from a political standpoint. Ogne has to go back to Horace Greely for a precedent, and even that is not a good one. Copyright.—~WNU Service. ~ The Ananda, a Temple of Pagan. Prepared by the National Geographic Society. Washington, D. C.—WNU Service. AGAN, Burma's Sacred City, is Poni and mystery; about it is enchantment. Here, 90 miles southwest of Mandalay, the trav- eler finds himself in the midst of a veritable forest of temples and pago- das, large and small, nearly perfect or almost unrecognizable because of de- cay. Before their vast bulks the trav- eler becomes painfully conscious of his littleness and insignificance. His mere presence seems an impertinence. The crumbling walls, the fallen pinnacles and the desolation are eloquent of the vanity of fame, the hollowness of glory, and the futility of human effort. Of the 5,000 or more temples that are still to be seen, the Amanda, the Thatbyinnyu, and Gawdawpalin, stand- ing all three within a circle of a quar- ter of a mile radius, are surpassingly beautiful and majestic. The Ananda rises like a structure of foam. On its summit, like the flame upon some altar, a slender, golden spire gathers the radiance of the sun and flings it forth again to every quarter. It is the first of /all the tem- ples to command the traveler's atten- tion; it is the last upon which he [ gazes as the swift steamer bears him away. The Thatbyinnyu has suffered more from time and neglect than has the Ananda. Its walls are blackened and much of the detail of its ornamenta- tion has fallen away. It is hardly beautiful; it is majestic. The third temple has neither the ex- quisite beauty of the Ananda nor the sublimity of the Thatbyinnyu; yet in the perfect harmony of its proportions, the refinment of every detail, it has a charm of its own. It contributes with the others to the spell which Pagan casts over even the most careless visitor. Lovely View From Circuit House. Past the Gawdawpalin the path leads on to the circuit house. At every step is revealed some new grouping of effects, some new harmonies of pro- portion or felicities of detail, and from the spacious veranda of the resthouse the view is one never to be forgotten. Westward the river and the hills, sil- ver and gold and blue in the sunset; near at hand the Gawdawpalin, with orange light and soft purple shadows mingling and shifting over its huge battlements; farther away the Ananda and the Thatbyinnyu, now indistinct in the twilight; and all around, the half-seen outlines of pagodas. Heroic achievements, the basest vil- lainy, successful subtlety—all these are mingled in the history of this ruined city. The greatness of Pagan, and with it reliable Burmese history, dates from the accession of Anawrata, about A. D. 1017. This truly remarkable mon- arch won by the sword a splendid em- ‘pire. and established a dynasty that continued in power for more than 200 years. At the beginning of his reign he devoted himself to the moral and religious uplift of his people. A cor- rupt and degrading “Naga-worship,” or obedience to devils, in the form of serpents, had come through Assam from northern India. Anawrata’s Great Reform. Soon after Anawrata ascended the throne Buddhist missionaries arrived at Pagan from the country of the Talaings, a people dwelling to the south and, as a result of the frequent and easy communication with India by sea, highly civilized. These Talaing missionaries found the king a zealous convert. He expelled the priests of the abominable cult that for so many years had debauched his people, striet- ly proscribed the Naga worship, and did everything in his power to further the efforts of the preachers. His fervor had, however, one lament- able result. Hearing that there were in Thaton, the Talaing capital, copies of the Buddhist Sacred Books and sev- eral precious relics, he sent a noble envoy to beg for such portions as might be spared. His reasonable re- quest was refused in a singularly inso- lent and shortsighted manner. With characteristic energy Anwrata assembled an army and a fleet and moved against Thaton. He was com- pletely successful, and a$ the spoils of victory he carried back to Pagan not only the books and the priceless relics but the king and queen -of the fallen city, together with principal nobles, rich treasure, 32 white elephants; and a host of 30,000 artificers and scholars. This signal success only fanned the flame of Anawrata’s zeal. A fresh field for enterprise was found in Cey- lon. There was in that island a most sacred relic, nothing less than a tooth ef Gautama. Such a trophy was be- yond price and its possession by Pagan would sanctify and enoble the king’s name. Accordingly, with four trusty captains, mounted on matchless steeds, Anawrdta hastened to the seashore self satisfied. N and embarked for Ceylon at nightfall. But unseen hands were fighting om the side of the sovereign of Ceylon and sacred tooth. The ship sped swiftly on through the night. Yet when the travelers awoke it was to find themselves anchored a little be- low Pagan! Baffled but not defeated, Anawrata sent an envoy to Sangabodhi, the king, an envoy who bore many costly presents and who was instructed to demand the tooth of Guatama in re- turn. Gautama Supplied Teeth. Sangabodhi, unwilling to surrender his most precious possession, yet fear- ful of arousing the ire of so dreadful a monarch as the king of Pagan, was in sore straits. In his distress he ex- pressed the wish that he might have two such teeth. No sooner had he given utterance to this desire than the tooth produced a fellow exactly re- sembling itself! In fact, the two were indistinguishable until the original declared itself by rising into the air and performing miracles. The duplicate was placed in a casket of gold and delivered to the envoy, who carried it back with great pomp to Pagan. To solve the difficulty of choosing a site for the enshrinement of the prize, the casket was placed on the back of a white elephant, and it was announced that wherever the animal halted there should be the resting place of the tooth. Much to the disappointment of all, the elephant bearing his precious bur- den crossed the river and knelt dowm near the Tangyi hills. This was very far from the palace, and the king ex- pressed his regret that he also had not two sacred teeth. Here again the wish was father to the miracle. Tmmedigtely there were twe teeth instead of onef The duplicate was placed on the ele- phant’s back and the beast was biddem to move on. Five times the elephant halted be- fore reaching the neighborhood of the palace, and at each place the tooth was miraculously multiplied, until at last the site of the Lokananda was reached and the king professed him- At each stop a shrine was built, and at the last was reared the pile which stiil remains as one of the monuments to Anawrata’s great- ness. Anawrata’s end was tragic. One day, as he was riding through the forest om an elephant, he struck his head against the branch of a tree in which dweit: two nats—Teinbin and his wife, Lein- bin. In a fit of rage the monarch dragged Leinbin down from the tree and beat her mercilessly. Teinbin, in his turn, enraged at the king's cruelty, lay in wait for Anaw- rata in the depths of the jungle. Tak- ing the form of a huge white buffalo, he furiously charged the unhappy mon- arch and succeeded in impaling hime upon one of his horns. The body was: never found. Conquered by the Chinese. For more than two centuries the successors of Anawrata more or less worthily maintained the dignity and prestige of Pagan. But in the north was developing a power that was soom to engulf not Pagan only, but almost the entire continent of Asia. Kublai Khan in 1254 conquered what is now Yunnan, and the Chinese were thus brought into contact with Burma. To the resulting conflict there could be but one issue. In 1286 Pagan fell be- fore invaders from the north, never again to attain historical significance. Of the great battle between the two armies on the plain of Vociam, Marco Polo gives a graphic and spirited ac- count. Though, under the circumstances, the fali of Pagan was inevitable, the last king of that unfortunate capital stands in pitiful contrast to the great Anawrata. Known to history as Tayokpyemin, the King Who Ran Away From the Chinese, he was utter- ly unworthy of his noble office. In the Mingalazedi is an inscription which commemorates his achievements at the table. Here it is recorded that he never dined off fewer than three hun- dred dishes! While the Chinese host was yet a long way from the city, the cowardly king fled down the river to Bassein. When the cooks whom he had taken with him were able to produce only 150 dishes, the full horror of his posi- tion dawned upon the unhappy mon- arch. He burst into childish tears and exclaimed, “Now I am poor indeed!” When the invaders had taken their toll of Pagan and retired, he thought of returning. At Prome, however, he was met by one of his sons, who of- fered him poisoned food. For a time the weakling hesitated. At last, con- vinced that it was better to die so than by the sword, he yielded and met a fate that, as few writers have avoided the temptation to remark, was singu- larly appropriate to his character. of : | {