EARLIER HATCHED
~~ CHICKS FAVORED
Cow Must Have It to Aid ir
. Digesting Food for Milk.
(By G. A. Williams, Purdue University)
; The importance of a liberal supply
of pure fresh water for the dairy herd
during the. winter season should be
given careful consideration on every
4 farm. Many herds are undersupplied
at this time,
There are more than eight gallons
of water in each 100 pounds of milk.
The cow must have water to assist in
igesting the food which makes the
‘milk. Then the body gives off mois-
ture in addition to the other needs. It
requires nearly seven pounds of water
for each quart of milk which a cow
~ produces. ries
This must come from the feed or
the water trough. During the winter
‘season a large part of the ration con-
sumed is dry roughage. This necessi- |
: tates the drinking of larger amounts
of water than if pasture were a part
of the daily feed. When the water con-
sumed is insufficient the effect is not
long in reaching the milk pail.
Watering the milking herd once
daily is not often enough. Such a
practice forces the cow to consume
five, eight or perhaps ten gallons at
one time. Although the stomach of the
cow is larger than that of any other
~ of our farm animals, taking this large
quantity of liquid into the stomach at
one time tends to interfere with the
~ digestion of the feed. This is espe-
cially true if the temperature of the
water is near the freezing point. :
Water at a low temperature must be
: raised to approximately body tempera-
ture before it can be assimilated by
the issues. Heat must be absorbed
from the body to accomplish this. In-
asmuch as part of the feed which an
animal eats goes for the production of
‘heat and energy, ‘the consumption of
‘large amounts of cold water tends to
increase the food supply used for this
purpose. ¢
Dairy cattle in milk should be sup-
plied with water not colder than 50
degrees Falrenheit. Even in winter
water pumped from the well will not
"be colder, but as it stands in the trough
on a cold day the temperature ap-
‘proaches the freezing point. Many
dairymen are finding the tank heater a
Ve rofitable investment for the
erd where a svater system is
led spefche bayn.
= yense for. fuel ‘required to
pi the water consumed by the ghock
yalmost: negligible. Some ‘dairymen:
“e corncobs for the purpose. It is
oor policy to use a well balanced ra-
tion to increase the milk flow when
the herd is not receiving enough wa-
ter, The water supply! is an important
item on the dairy farm in winter.
~ Buckwheat Has Feeding
Value for Dairy Cows
Buckwheat hus a fair feeding value
for cattle. The woody hulls of the
buckwheat kernels have little feeding
value themselves, but may be used to
add bulk to a ration of other grains.
Buckwheat middlings, which are sepa-
rated from the hull in milling, contain
28 per cent crude protein #nd a fair
amount of fat. Buckwheat bran is,
of course, less valuable than buck-
wheat middlings, and when the bran
does not contain more than half hulls
it is regarded as about four-fifths as
valuable as wheat bran. Such bran
Las about 16 per cent protein and 24
per cent fiber. Buckwheat products
telp te produce a large flow of milk
when fed intelligently to dairy cows.
1f buckwheat is not given in excessive
‘amounts it is not injurious to the
quality of the butter produced by a
herd.
ran
s »,
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* Dairy Fact s
». rar
RORIOR IKI IKK XK)
| It costs money te grow feeds for
COWS.
* * Xx
For washing and rinsing utensils, a
clean, safe water supply is absolutely
necessary.
®* x 0%
The dishcloth may be justly charged
swith being responsible for a lot of the,
unclean utensils now being used to
handle milk and cream.
2% * x x
Good Business to Have Good
Laying Flock in Summer.
By hatching a part of the poultry
flock between January 15 and Febru-
cary 15, so that the birds will mature
in July, the poultryman takes a big
step toward maintaining his late sum-
mer and early fall production, advises
R. R. Hannas, poultry research spe-
cialist, in the New Jersey Agricul
ture.
Mr. Hannas points out that the price
of eggs begins to e¢limb as the sum-
mer wanes and that it is good busi-
ness to have a flock of layers at this
time. Ordinarily a decline in produc- |
tion takes place with the old fowls
about July. If one-quarter to one-
third of the flock is hatched between
the middle of January and the middle
_of February the poultry keeper can
offset this decrease.
The article goes on to say that
brooding of chicks early in the season
has been carried on successfully for
a number of years. Chicks thus pro-
duced will reach a good growth and
development before hot weather
comes on, thereby giving them an ad-
vantage over later hatched stock.
One precaution, to prevent leg
weakness, is advised. Because bad
weather is likely to make it unsafe to
let the chicks out on the ground and
there is a lack of green food at this
time, cod liver oil and sprouted oats
should be supplied. The oil is given
at the rate of 2 per cent either of the
amount of grain or of the amount of
mash fed. Experience has shown that
it is easier to mix it into the grain,
and that however used, it is highly ef-
fective in preventing leg weakness.
The writer concludes with the sug-
gestion ‘that the earlier hatching en-
ables the general farmer to get this
phase of his work out of the way be-
fore the heavy rush of spring drrives.
Crowded Conditions in
~ Many Poultry Houses
A recent survey of a number of
farms shows crowded conditions in the
poultry houses. Many of these houses
are almost wholly lacking in ventila-
tion.
At night when one of these buildings
is crowded with chickens the air is not
fit to breathe. A human being will not
remain long in such a place. If he did
remain throughout the night, he would
be “all in” by morning. And this is
just the trouble with a lot of ‘chickens
now, i
The chickens are /fadly crowded
‘at night in a poorly-ventilated house.
They are forced £6 breathe bad air.
They become top warm. They are
“all in” Mm the-morning, and emerging
into the cool outside air is a sudden |
change that many of them cannot |
withstand.
These crowded conditions at night |
and sudden changes from warm to cool {
air are responsible for many of our
poultry ills. Giving the chickens medi-
cine will not do any permanent good
so long as the cause of the trouble re-
mains unchanged. Either additional
room should be provided or the size of
the flock reduced.
Crooked Breast Bones
Found in Chickens
Crooked breast bones may be caused
by inbreeding and general debility, or
may come from improper food and
feeding, or poor management of some
kind, writes Michael K. Boyer in the
Farm and Ranch. There is no ques-
tion about heredity being the fault, at
least to a certain extent. That being
the fact, it should be bred out, which
might be done by the selection of only
straight breast-bone fowls for the
breeding pen.
Lack of bone-making material in the
feed of growing stock, which is the
prime cause of leg weakness, has also
the effect of producing crooked breast
bones in young chickens.
There used to be a theory, which by
many still is believed, that very early
roosting of growing birds causes the
soft breast bones to bend. This might
be so in some instances, but does not
hold good with the general run of
stock.
Buying Pullets
Buying pullets by weight may be
more satisfactory than buying entirely
by age. April hatched pullets on in-
The main essentials in housing dairy
cows in winter are to keep them dry,
out of the wind and drafts and to pro-
vide plenty of fresh air and sunlight.
: 2 ® *
With good breeding to produce cows
of high production, never hesitate to
give an individual all the feed she can
efficiently c¢onve.f into milk and but-
terfat.
: %* * *
Milk that has curdled will separate
with difficulty. Previous to separat-
ing, such milk should be thoroughly
mixed by pouring from one can to
_ another, breaking up the curd as finely
ag possible, so as not to clog the ma-
chine.
* % 0% 2
Do not neglect cooling your milk and
cream even though the weather is cold.
Since cold water will cool your milk
or cream 21 times as fast as air, it is.
|important to always set. your milk
in cold water regardless of the tem-
iperature of the air,
sufficient rations may be of less value
than May hatched pullets which have
been properly fed and brooded. A May
1 pullet is much better than a May 30
pullet if the conditions have been
equal. The later hatched chick has
missed four fine weeks for the de-
velopment of poultry meat, but the
name of the month is not fully de-
‘| seriptive of quality.
Culling Farm Flock
There are two essentials in culling
farm poultry. First, to get rid of
hens that are not laying, and second,
to distinguish between the hens that
have been good producers and those
that have not laid enough to pay for
their feed. Culling should start In
late. May or June and continue
throughout the year at regular inter-
vals. Eliminating the hens as they
become unprofitable saves feed and
labor and improves the conditions for
those that are laying.
antee
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SHAVERTOWN, PA.
Sweet Valley
20 ram 0mm ome
Leonard, son of Mr. and Mrs. Wil-
liam Karn, is seriously ill.
* * ok
Charles Quoos, son of Mr. and Mrs.
Frank Quoos is ill at the home of his
parents.
kk *
Dr. and Mrs. Lee Rummage visited
his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas
Rummage on Sunday.
ECE
The condition of Mrs. Mitchell who
is a patient in Nanticoke Hospital is
about the same.
® Ew
Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Hock and
family, of Nanticoke, called on local
relatives on Sunday.
* * *
Mr. and Mrs. William Trumbower
and daughter, Mary of Muhlenburg,
were Sweet Valley callers on Sun-
day.
* % 0%
Mr. and Mrs. Emory Lutes called
on Mrs. Lute’s parents, Mr. and, Mrs.
Charles Allen on Sunday.
*» * *
Mrs. F. M. Hazlett and Harold
Freeman called on Mr. and Mrs. D.
E. Davenport on Sunday afternoon.
* * *
A business meeting of the Chris-
tian Endeavor Society of the ‘Church
of Christ was held at the home of
Mr. and Mrs. LeRoy Callender last
evening.
RR HL
This evening a Christian Endeavor
birthday party will be held in Chris-
tian Church. A large cake bearing
forty-eight candles will be served to
the guests. Other interesting fea-
tures will be introduced. . ‘An invi-
tation is extended to all to attend.
* * *
Last evening W. N. Multer, of
Knigston, delivered an address in ac-
cord with Christian Endeavor week.
* * kK
The Christian Endeavor Society of
the Christian Church met in the
church hall on Thursday evening when
officers received their charges and
pledge cards were signed and receiv-
ed.
X xx
Freak Haddock
Those who argue that nature works
on an intelligent plan are called upon
to explain the appearance of a three
030) 0m qm (0 am— 5; .
eyed haddock found among a catch of ||
fish brought to Boston. The extra eye |
NOTICE!
Notice to Taxpayers of
Dallas Township. All
taxes remaining unpaid
February 1st, 1929 become
delinquent after that date.
I will be obliged to collect
according to law. Kindly
take care of this and avoid
additional cost.
‘JOHN A ANDERSON,
Tax Collector,
Dallas Township.
244 S. Main St., Wilkes-Barre
M. J. JUDGE & COMPANY
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was on the left side of the head.
Ham
FOR SALE
In Kingston
A lot on Rutter Avenue, near Pierce, with four-
car garage.
Suitable for single or duplex.
OR
Will build and finance a small four-family, ond
guarantee annual income of $2,650.00.
Ground and building cost you less than $20,000.
loyd A. McHenry
Real Estate =x Fire Insurance
—PHONES—
Dallas 174-R-7
Kingston 8944-R
—ADDRESS—
Center Hill Rd., Dallas
206 Pierce St., Kingston
—