DALLAS POST, DALLAS, PA.,SATURDAY, JANUARY 12,
Fa
1929
LOW MU CH C Oo Al WILL Y ou THR OW ; Carverton I a Fo idl and Phil- are ill with = i :
AW AY THIS WINTER? EXPERTS ASK, | i ) Mr. So Pry pu ibe Shel a Covert is recovering
1 | don and Mary, called at the home o oa
THEN TELL HOW TO REDUCE WASTE
OW many B. T. U's will your
heating plant waste this win-
’ ter?
That, according to the Holland In-
stitute of Thermology, of Holland,
Mich., is the key-question every home-
owner should study in trying to re-
duce his fuel bills.
'B. T. U. means British Thermal
Unit. It is the scientist's yardstick for
measuring heat. One B. T. U. is the
amount of heat required to raise one
pound of water one degree in temper-
ature or, as applied to warm air heat-
ing plants, the amount that will raise
the temperature of 55 cubic feet of
air one degree. So the heating engi-
neer figures the value of fuel, the
heat losses prevented by insulation
and the efficiency of a heating plant
in B. T.-U.’s.
In seeking an efficient and econom-
and deliver them upstairs. In power
plants operated by experts, it some-
times is possible to utilize as much as
70 or 80 per cent of the heat-value of
the fuel. At the other extreme are
countless home-heating plants which
utilize only 25 or 30 per cent.
50-75 Per Cent Efficiency Possible.
While it is true that a portion of
the heat-loss is unavoidable, it should
be the aim of every householder to
reduce the loss to a minimum. This
is possible with several modern heat-
ers, of which the vapor-air or the
super-circulating types of warm air
circulating systems may be consid-
ered as examples.
such a plant should increase the per-
centage of heat-value utilized to 50
or even 75 per cent, if the home-own-
er will study the technique of firing
and caring for his heating plant.
Proper firing of
.
upstairs may radiate a wasteful
amount of heat. This can be detect-
ed fairly easily and corrected by in-
sulating the pipes properly. The same
thing is more likely to be the case
with the smoke-pipe connecting the
heating plant with the chimney. Then
there are the losses that occur from
excessive radiation by the heater it-
self. Most often these are'due to a
poor installation, and the only way to
avoid them is to select a heating plant
produced by a reliable concern and to
have it installed according to an ap-
proved engineering code.
Heat losses up the chimney are by
far the greatest factors in fuel waste.
From 10 to 20 pounds of air are nec-
essary to burn one pound of coal.
This air must be supplied by a draft,
and the draft is regulated by the
chimney and the dampers in the heat-
ical way to keep your home comfort- In the ordinary house-heater there | er. If the chimney does not supply
able through the winter, there are | are three big sources of heat-loss: | enough air, the fire burns poorly, com-
sefull plied V ;
Vsefally applied heat Usefully applied heat
: SOs 7570
Chimney loss 50,
fi (6ases30%, Soot 10%) Chimpe losses 20%
(Gases 15%) (Soot 5%)
W727 ;
= sas CCL 77
M1 Er p en
fl mM i s 3
Radiation toss
Rad Sr 2 Radiation loss
2h Pb
®
: i IR bi 24% 1
|
.
|
HOLLAND
INSTITUTE OF,
THERMOLOGY
x
The Ordinary Home-Heating Plant Efficiency, 50 The Well-Operated Heating Plant Efficiency, 75 |
Per Cent.
40 per cent of the heat in the fuel you burn is lost up the the chimney,
the basement and 5 per cent by coal dropping into the ashpit.
heating engineers, you can cut these losses so that 75 per cent of the B. T. U.s in the
three things to consider. First, there
is the amount of heat contained in
Se Tucl. One pound of Illinois soft
coal contains about 11,300 B. T.. Us;
of Indiana goft coal, 11,500; of Ken-
tucky, 11,800; of Pocahontas, about
14,000; and of anthracite coals, 13,000
BT, Us,
Buy B. T. Us, Not Black Rock.
Industrial companies that consume
great quantities of coal buy it on this
pasis. This is not entirely practical
for the average home-owneér, but you
can reduce your total fuel bills consid:
erably by studying fuels and femem-
bering that you pay your money, not
for a certain weight of black lumps,
put for a number of heat units.
How many of these B. T. U.s your
heating plant extracts from the fuel
and transmits to the rooms that need
warmth is the second vital question
affecting heating economy. The third
one is. What becomes of the heat
after the heating plant delivers it to
the upstairs rooms? Heat is contin-
ually “leaking” through apparently
solid -walls. Great qudntities of it
are lost through cracks around win-
dows and doors. Insulation retards
the loss of heat through walls and
roofs. These aspects of the home-
heating problem come under the head
of construction; but the Holland In-
stitute of Thermology is. more con-
cerned with the heating plant itself.
No heater of any kind or class will
from
fuel
all
extract the: B. TT. U.’s
In going into the annual campaign
against winter blizzards and ‘cold
snaps,” choose as to whether you will
follow an economy strategy or an easy
strategy, the Holland Institute of
Thermology of Holland, Mich, advises
the home-owner.
Firing the central heating ‘plant on
an avergge of twice daily in severe
weather is much more economical than
putting in smaller charges of coal at
shorter intervals.
With a modern warm-air circulating
heating plant, it is possible to ke
fairly thick firebed in the heater.
firepot in this type of home-heuater is
deep enough to carry a big volume of
slow burning fuel. This prevents
dropping of coal into the ashpit and
keeps the fire in the best condition to
transmit beat into the air that car-
ries it up to the rooms that need
warmth
It is sound economy to allow some
ashes to accumulate in the lower part
of the fuel bed during mild weather.
Poking and stirring the fire from
above tends to produce clinkers and
ep a
The
to cause greater heat losses both up |
the chimney and into the ashpit.
A final rule for economical firing: of
a modern warm-air circulating heat-
ing plant—or any other, for that mat-
tér—is to keep ashes away from un-
der the grate. Heaps of ashes in the
inflow of
ashpit may prevent the
enough air to sustain combustion, or
may deflect the air ‘through part of
the firebed only, or may in
burnt-out grates.
| escaping,
the ashpit, radiation of heat into the
basement, and the chimney.
As much as 10 per cent of the total
B. T. U's in a ton of coal may be
lost by allowing unburned or partial-
ly burned bits of coal to drop through
the grate into the ashpit. This is
most likély to happen when coal of
too small size is used, when the grate
is shaken too often’ and not carefully
enough, and 'when the fire is poked
and prodded more: than necessary. It
care is exercised in selecting coal and
firing the heater, the heat-loss at this
point can be kept down to 5 per cent
or even less, so that sifting the ashes
will be unnccessary.
Avoiding a possible loss of 5 per
cent or more of the total value of the
fuel at this point is a reason why the
home-owner should study grates. A
center-pivoted grate’ of the cone-
shaped type is an efficient preventa-
tive cf excessive losses here.
Too much radiation from the cen-
tral heating plant into the firing-room
is another fuel waste. The basement
must, of course, be warm; when it is,
it helps keep the first-story floors
comfortable. But, whereas inefficient
central heating plants lose as much as
20 or 30 per cent of the B. T. U.S
in fuel from this source, it should be
possible to keep the figure down to
10 per cent, or even less with mod-
ern warm & a equipment.
The piping artries the warn
air, water, or from the heater
steam
which every
Danger’ from coal gas,
winter takes its toll of lives in Amnier-
ican homes; can be eliminated entire-
ly by following a few simple rules,
according to the heating experts of
the Holland Institute of Thermology
of Holland, Mich.
“All coal generates deadly carbon
monoxide gas when heated,” the in-
stitute states. “The problem is to get
the gas up the chimney, rather than
to have it percolating through the
house.
“Many persons imagine they can de-
tect the odor of ‘coal gas, and take
no precautions until they begin to
smell it. But carbon monoxide gas is
entirely odorl and is therefore all
the more deadly. The only safe way
to deal with it is to prevent it from
except through the ehimney.
to. ac-
| The following rules will help
compligh this:
«1__When adding fuel to the fire,
make sure there is a good draft by
opening the draft and smoke pipe
dampers -and closing the checkdraft
on the smoke pipe.
«o__RBefore putting in coal, close the
ashpit door and its draft shutter. This |
| throws the main draft to the fuel feed |
door above, where it can
! across the top of the fire and quickly |
consume all the fuel gases.
| «3__Distribute the coal
the fire.
evenly on
|
| «4 After it is distributed, close the |
feed door, open the lower draft, and
let the heating plant stand thus for
sweep |
|
|
|
|
|
“téntion to regulation of ash-door and
Per Cent.
If your home-heater is operated a little better than ths average found in the great majority of American homes, |
5 per cent through excessive radiation into
If you follow the methods of firing recommended by |
fuel will be usefully appiied.
bustion is not complete and some of |
the heat-containing combustible mate- |
rial goes up) the flue in the form. of
soot and dense smoke,
Less Frequent Firing Is Cheapest.
On the other hand, if the chimney
is high enough and big enough in area
to supply wore draft, and if the damp-
ers are opened too much, the heat
from combustion may be carried up
the flue before it has had a chance to
warm the heating surfaces inside the
plant. Less frequent firing of the
better grades of coal, firing before the
ive! becomes too low, and proper at-
five-door “dampers will help to keep
down losses due to improper air
supply.
So by selecting the right kind ‘and
size of coal, by choosing an efficient
and modern heating plant and having
it installed according to an approved
engineering code, the average house-
holder can reduce by a big percentage
the number of B. T. U.'s wasted by
the consumption of fuel in his heat-
ing plant.
The Holland Institute of Thermol-
ogy points out that this means a di-
rect saving. If the net efficiency of
the heating plant ean be increased
from 40 per cent to 60 per cent—
which is not beyond the bounds of
practical possibility under the condi
tions that have been described—the
home-owner will have to buy only two |
tons of coal where he now buys three. |
15 or 20 minutes while the gases are |
being ‘cooked’ out and burned off tI
fresh coal and the fumes are
carried away. Then make the
regulations to control the fire.”
Coal gas poisoning occurs most fre
quently, according to the Holland In-
stitute’s engineers, where large quan-
tities of coal are added to the fire and
the heater is “ciosed up for the night.” |
This is why it is so nece y for
the householder te undet nd the
technical details his central heat-
ing plant. The furnace—or heart of
the heating system—of standard make
consists of only seven solid iron ¢
ings. All of these are fitted together
with double cup joints sealed with as- |
hestos cement. In this construction
danger of deadly
into the air chamber and being
lated through the home is redu
1
}
l ng
usual |
of
+1 aaepa RIFeringe
tne gases iHtering
circu-
ced to
absolute minimum. Whether or not
this is the case with other heating
equipment which he is cons
lacing in his home is a question
which demands the investigation of
every householder:
H Comfort 17 Per Cent
As an example of the economy of
humidity, the Holland Instit of
Thermology cites the fact that, to |
heat a houge to 75 degrees instead of |
70 degrees, with an average outside
temperature of 40 degrees, means a
17 per cent increase in fuel censump-
tion during the heating season. Phy-
sicians and engineers agree that if the,
air is properly humidified, as can be
done with a modern vapor-air circu-
lating system, a temperature of 70 de-
grees will be comfortable for any
healthys person.
Miss Edna and Mary Hefft have Mr, and Mrs. George Schooley re-
returned to New Jersey after spend-| cently. :
ing their vacation with their father kk
and relatives. Born, to Mr. and Mrs. Berton
BE Kintz, a son. Mrs. Kintz was Miss
Mrs. Wayne Conklin, who has been marriage.
Alice Gay before her
having the flu, while visiting her son, ER
Bruce at Philadelphia, is improved.
* * sk
| Miss Madge Anderson has been
spending her vacation with her par-
Miss Mary, Edna and Genevieve | ents.
Hefft, Mr. John ana and Mr. Leigh
Hefft, motored to New Jersey recent-
* sk *
Miss Margaret, Etta and Charles
ly. Knorr visited their grandmother, Mrs.
% wl | Mary Knorr on Sunday.
Miss Iva Conklin is spending some | Hm %
time at her brother’s, Mr. Bruce| Sunday School will be at 1:30 fol-|
Conklin, of Philadelphia. | lowed by church at 2:30.
* 0 ok % | He
The following students have return-| The Ladies’ Aid will hold a bazaar
ed to their studies after spending | and dinner on Wednesday, January
their vacation with their parents: 9 at the home of Mrs. George Brown.
Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Coursen vis-
ited the latter’s mother, Mrs. Rozelle
on Sunday.
# * *
Miss Sarah Knorr is ill.
Mrs. Charles Parrish is ill.
100
Property Transfers
igi)
Lewis J. Spencer of Kingston Town-
ship to George W. Cook, of Larks-
ville, property in Kingston Township
for $1.00.
Lewis J. Spencer, of Kingston
Township to Katherine Keller, of
Larksville, property in Kingston
Township for $228.
H. A. Brown, of Lehman Township,
to Paul J. Kolesnikoff of same place,
Misses Marian Young, Rachel Cour-| Bi EE property in Lehman Township for
sen, Mildred Jones, ‘Alice’ Sword,| Mrs. John Coon and son, Bertram, | $1.00.
: =
| Men With Money!
| TO BUY FIRST MORTGAGES ON IMPROVED REAL
| ESTATE YOU RECEIVE - - -
| 6% guaranteed interest. \
A bond for double the value of the mortgage.
I A title search by your own attorney, free.
| A fire insurance policy covering the total
amount of our loan.
An investment which you can watch and
control.
BANKS AND TRUST COMPANIES BUY FIRST MORT-
GAGES. MOST BOND ISSUES ARE SECURED BY
REAL ESTATE FIRST MORTGAGES
We can place one each for $4,000; $5,000; $20,000;
three for $3,500.
a / \ ®
— PHONES —
Dallas 174-R-7
Kingston 8944-R
A. [I
Real Estate --- Fire Insurance
— ADDRESS —
Center Hill Road, Dallas
206 Pierce Street, Kingston
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