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j__ = *
An English judge, in charging a jury
on a ca3e where an unhitched and un
attended horse was frightened by an
automobile, said that the onus was on
the owner of the equine who had frac
tured the law by neglecting to provide
for the public safety by securely tying
tho animal.
The American continent expects to
have a canal very soon that will be
worthy of close telescopic study by
the civil enginers on Mars.
It is a somewhat astonishing fact to
learn that nearly one-third of the al
most quarter of a billion dollars col
lected by the Government under the
war revenue act has been obtained
from tlip use of documentary stamps.
It is said that the morphine habit
Is spreading alarmingly among ihe
women of all classes in France. Med
ical men whose patients are women of
fashion, as well us doctors who work
among the large army of milliners,
dressmakers, blancliisseuses and shop
girls of the French capital, equally
aver that they find the use of morphine
becoming more general, aud this opin
ion is confirmed by chemists.
The greatest of American railroads
are tearing down many of their metal
bridges and buiiding iii place of fhem
stone arches which will not rust,
which will have uo need of change
or repair or strengthening for many
generations, and will defy tho teeth
of the ages. That is a notable going
back to the best work of ancient
days. The Roman arch in its noblest
form, with its sound, strong lines,
with the imperishable rock from foun
dation to keystone, was a model for
all time. In dignity, In steadfastness,
In calm, serene disregard of the transi
tory, the fleeting and the unstable,
tbe Roman arch lias known no super
ior.
Few men deliberately shoulder the
business burdens which break them
down. Their responsibilities are slow
ly acquired, each success bringiug its
results in the way of more work. When
n man finds that the load has become
too heavy the condition of his affuirs
Is apt to be such to require his con
stant attention. His iiabit of over
work has taken the shape of a neces
sity. The men who have by their
own efforts acquired enormous for
tunes have fewer pleasures aside from
their employment of work tliau their
employes may have. They are chained
to tho desk. It is impossible for most
of them to dismiss their business af
fairs from mind eveu when they take
the air or when they lie down to sleep.
Yet they are envied by the great ma
jority of men.
Filled tlio Dead Man.
The following story of a former
county Tiagistrate was told at Tow
son:
Tho body of a man who had been
dead for some hours was found by
the police, and the magistrate, acting
as coroner, was notified. He made uu
investigation, aud after finding a re
volver uud $5.30 in the clothes of the
dead man, decided it was a case for a
magistrate and not for a coroner, aud
ordered that the body he brought be
fore him at tho station house. Hcie
the magistrate charged the dead man
with carrying a concealed weapon anil
fined him just $5.30, the amount of
money found In his pocket. The re
volver was taken for other expenses
of the trial, and tho body was turned
over to tho county authorities to he
buried at the expeuse of the couuty.
—Baltimore Sun.
The Industrial Discoverer.
It is uot the hoy who is surrounded
by the best implements and tools that
Ingenuity can manufacture, but an Ell
Whitney making a cotton gin In a cel
lar In the South with the simplest
tools, or a Cunurd whittling the model
of a ship with a jnekknife, that makes
•treat Industrial discoveries.—Success.
f"aunt "chilly. I
1
Et E. 0. S. MABSII.
E ->TT> -SVSVBS- **. •
My first remembrance of our okl
Aunt Chilly was when, as housekeeper
at my grandmother's, she sailed about
through the hall and library in a
bright dress and snowy apron, with an
energetic fling to her brilliant turban,
arranging flowers and dusting china;
or when she stood in the great kitchen
with one hand raised to her cheek
and "bossed de niggahs." We children
bad such wholesome awe of her that if
we were planning mischief the cry,
Aunt Chilly's coming," was a signal
for rapid rout.
Tlio' I feared her twitching mouth
and scornful eyes about as much a3 1
feared sin and Satan, still there was a
strange fascination about her, and I
would often stand in the kitchen door
way for an hour at a time to see her
scold brown Tilly, and cuff black Ran
dolph, and occasional mutter strange
things about my grandmother which it
was hard to understand. Sometimes it
was: "Mrs. Gray got no business to
ruin dem debiiish chillen wid cakes,"
or "Pity 'bout Mrs. Gray. She had bet
ter mind how she asks folks to break
fas' 'dout teilin' me."
Only at meal time did she throw off
her habitual grimnoss. Then, seated
at the head of a long table surrounded
by wooly heaus, some turbaned and
some bristling with pig-tails, she would
brandish a chicken-bone and tell of
her adventures in the great world—
what she had seen in New York —when
visiting my mother, how she had trav
eled in elevated cars, and had been to
the hippodrome, and seen a lion and
tiger and cooked in a basement
kitchen, and ridden in an elevator.
Her motions were so dramatic and her
language so vivid that 1 wondered why
1 had not heard before what a realm
of wonders 1 had lived in, and how
superior we were to the other grand
children who hau not ridden in ele
vated cars and dm not have basement
kitchens. Sometimes a loud "Haw,
haw,' 'would ring around the table,
and rows of white teeth glisten, and
sometimes strange queries came from
the listeners. "Aunt Chilly," said
small Margaret ..nn, iter eyes glisten
ing with eagerness, "is it nicer out der
den what it is in yere?" Aunt Chilly
eyed the questioner contemptuously,
and, not wishing to commit herself, bit
a corn muffin in silence. Then the con
versation changed to ' Punch and
Judy," and still she took the lead.
With her head cocked on one side she
squeaked "Judy's" song tnl the laugh
ter woke the echoes.
When sue had her fill of applause,
nnd the chicken bones wero picked, she
would commence again to sail about,
and frown and mutter and whack.
On Sunday afternoons, when we chil
dren and Aunt cnilly were locked up
in the nursery to be kept quiet, she
would conaescend to tell us tales of
former glory, of our uncles and father e
"reed bird suppers." "Marse George
was so fussy, wouldn't hab ncbodv
cook his supper but me."
"Do you remember Colonel Rombey,
who died in the war?" I once asked.
"I 'member Colonel Rombey," said
Aunt Chilly wrathfully. "Reckon I
knows de las' time he was to our
house. Had muffins and terrapin for
tea- Said I cooked 'em better'n Del
montco. Mrs. Cornelius Lockton, she
said nobody nebbah cooked canvas
ducks liko me, and she's been to 80--
ton." Then followed a long string of
compliments which she had treasured,
and which were familiar to us all.
Sometimes we begged her to
" 'spound de scriptures," and she would
talk about "bein' clothed wid de sun,
and do moon under der feet," and t :!1
how "Satan coquetted wid Job." But
her religious moods did not last long
and were generally followed by u
gloomy silence, more ominous than
threats.
Once and only once did 1 try to con
quer Aunt Chilly 1 wished a certain
receipt, and though I had heard my
grandmother say that it would be
easier to wriggle a secret from Talley
rand than a direct answer from Chilly,
in my boundless conceit I determined
to wring It from her. Accordingly 1
went boidly into the kitchen, pen and
ink in band. As I sat breezily down I
told Aunt Chilly how delicious Mrs.
Jones thought her cold-slaw dressing,
and how she had hegged me for the
receipt. Aunt Chilly sniffed danger
from afar. She gave me one wither
ing glance, and stirred more violently
the batter she wa3 mixing.
"Now, Aunt Chilly," I said, as i
wrote "Cold Slaw Dressing" at the top
of the page. "What do you make it
of?"
"Miss Betty," said Aunt Chilly sol
emnly, "I don't know nufiin' 'bout it."
This being a usual form of response.
I answereti quite cheerfully, "Oh, yes,
Aunt Cbiily, wo had It yesterday, you
know. There is vinegar in it, isn't
there?"
"I reckon so." was the sullen answer.
"Come, Aunt Chilly," I Eaid, getting
a little excited, "I saw you mixing it
on the stove. Y'ou must know what
was in it."
Aunt Chilly stlrreu in gloomy silence
"Vinegar?' I persisted sweetly, as I
wrote down the "V."
"Nebah heard of cold slaw dressln'
widout winegah," was the answer given
with a contemptuous sniff.
I finished the word triumphantly,
and then in the most insinuating ton's
inquired l:ow much.
" 'Cordin' as how much you's
makln'." Aunt Chilly dropped the
batter complacently.
"How much did you put in yester
day?" I asked sternly.
"I dlsremembah," was the calm
reply.
Tactics had to be changed. "Isn't It
about half a cupful?" I suggested in
nocently. Aunt Chilly looked up in
scorn.
"Laws a massy! Miss Betty; you'?
not a makin' sauer kraut!"
"What do you measure it in?"
" 'Cordin' to what you has by you."
with a toss of the head.
"How many teaspoonfuls would you
take?"
"La, child! Ain't you seed me meas
ure it wid a tablespoon?" She turned
her back.
"Two tablespoonfuls?"
"If it ain't too sour."
Tremblingly I wrote down "two
tablespoonfuls" opposite "Vinegar."
"Now, Aunt Chilly, tell me the other
things. There is salt and pepper and
mustard and sugar."
"Mustard in cold slaw dressln'! My
glory! Who'd eat it." Aunt Chilly
seldom laughed.
"How' much sugar did you say, Aunt
Chilly?"
"I didn't say."
"Come, Aunt Chilly," I cried, getting
wrathy; "I have no time to Vaste this
morning. How much sugar do you
generally put in?"
"Miss Betty, you jest bother me to
deaf." she cried half whimperingly. "I
don't know nutlin' 'bout it. It's 'cord
ing as how much eggs and butter I
puts in."
"Eggs and butter," I said, aghast.
"Why didn't you tell me before? Do
you beat the eggs?"
"Sometimes I does, and sometimes 1
doesn't," with a self-complacent smile,
"The whites and yolks separately?"
"My goody, Miss Betty! You's not
makin' cake."
"How many eggs do you use, three""
"You'd ruin it wid three eggs,' said
Chilly, rolling ginger dough in grim
satisfaction.
"Two eggs, then?"
"Ef it ain't too much."
"One egg?"
"One egg ain't always enough."
"Good gracious, Aunt Chilly!" I
cried in despair; "is it one egg and a
half?"
"Nebah heerd tell of half an egg"
Aunt Chilly looked out the window.
I wrote down "One large egg or two
small ones."
"Now for the butter. How much
butter do you use?"
"Miss Betty, don't ax me nuffin' 'bout
do buttah. I nebah take no count how
much buttah I uses."
"Well, it is not as much as a cup
ful?"'! suggested, coaxingly.
"I reckon not."
"About a teaspoonful?"
"Nebah heerd ef measurin' buttah
by de teaspoonful."
"About the size of a walnut?"
"P'raps so. 'Cordin' as how it looks
when it's melted."
"Do you melt the butter?" I asked in
surprise.
"How could you make de dressin'
widout meltin' de buttah?" She waved
her bony finger.
"You know, of course," I answered
meekly; "but do you melt the butter,
before you mix the eggs and viaegai: '
"Ef you wants to." She was rolling
dough again.
"How long do you cook it, Aunt
Chilly?"
"Tell It gets done." Carefully Bho
cut the finished roll.
"And how soon may that be?"
" 'Cordin' as how hot de fire is."
"Aunt Chilly!" I said, as I tore up
the paper, "I don't believe we shall
try this receipt."
Chilly did not raise her eyes, bur
when I reached the door sue said com
posedly, "Bettah come back In half an
hour, Miss Betty; de ginger cakes will
be done."
This was our first and last tussle.
Never since then, though she had con
fided many things to me, have I at
tempted to sound her through direct
questions.
Sometimes she will talk of her child
hood, her far-away childhood, so d'.m
and unreal to me, each year more vivid
and real to her. As she sits in my
room, after I have gone to bed, and
gazes into the fire, I often suggest that
she is thinking how she loves me. A
faint smile brightens her face, and she
shakes her head.
No, I was studyin' 'bout de times
I had when I was little." Then she
talks of the funny, dreamy slave days
—pathetic in their happiness—and the
wrinkles smooth away and she look-!
young again.
Then, when she sits in the window,
and the setting sun flares on her ban
danna turban, and I wonder what she
is up to, the answer always comes,
"atudyin'."—New York Independent.
High I.lclvn.
Among the drawbacks of civilization
are the people who think they know
us so much better than we know them.
A philosopher is a man who believes
that he receives more spiritual intima
tions than he needs for his own use.
Even the woman who boasts that
she earns her own bread and butter
likes to have a man treat her to ice
cream.
What seems to be the absence of a
Eense of humor is often merely the
presence of a sense of propriety.
Nature has her jesting moods; there
are rich, red roses which have no
odor.
Pessimists are permitted to keep op
timists from becoming pessimists.
Life is often too much like a long
procession with only one Hand of
music—always playing in the distance.
—Chicago Hecord-Herald.
Hl Mirew<lna.
"Yes, I call him a sound preacher."
"I never thought he was so very im
pressive."
"He isn't impressive, but my! how
he can make the rafters ring."—Chi
[ cago Reccrd-HerakL
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.
One of the richest sulphur deposits
in the world has lately been discovered
in Transcaspia, Russia. The geologi
cal formation is very similar to that
in which the Sicilian deposits occur.
It is only in recent years that sulphur
has been found in Russia.
The crow and the blackbird fly much
alike, but there is a certain air of la
bor In the flight of the crow that dis
tinguishes it trora the faster and easie:
winging of the blackbird. The swallow
does not fly. He sweeps through the
air in erratic circular flights, catch
ing bugs and flies on the wing, and
even nipping twigs from the trees as
he passes with which to build his
nests. He is never still.
The development of the automobile
as an engine of war is at present occu
pying much attention among military
authorities in Europe. The English,
the French, the Italians, the Germans
and the Russians are all at work upon
the problem. Several types of military
automobiles are being experimented
with. In Italy a special form of ar
mored machine has been devised for
the purpose of protecting railways in
time of war. Some of the German ma
chines are intended for scouting, and
are furnished with drawing tables
and maps. Others carry Maxim guns
and can do a little fighting.
Very encouraging reports have been
received from Prof. C. C. Georgeson,
in charge of the agricul
tural experiment stations in
Alaska. On a trip into the interior
and down the Yukon early in August
he found new potatoes, cabbages, cauli
flowers and other vegetables ready for
the table, and gardens blooming with
a variety of annual flowers. At Ram
part rye and barley were ripened this
year, and there was a fair prospect for
oats and wheat On the lower Yukon
extensive tracts were found covered
with luxuriant grasses, often six feet
in height and apparently well suited
to agricultural purposes.
Much has been learned within a few
years past of what goes on and exists
in the air, up to a height of three miles,
by means of kites carrying meteoro
logical and other scientific instruments.
Now Mr. A. Lawrence Rotch of the
Blue Hill observatory proposes to ex
tend the field of scientific kite flying
over tue ocean. Experiment with a
towboat in Massachusetts bay last
summer showed that a kite can easily
be flown from a moving vessel at times
when it could not be caused to rise
from the land. Mr. Rotch Intends to
pursue his experiments from Atlantic
whose speed renders it po3-
ible to fly kites even in calm weather.
He points out our comparative ig
norance of the conditions of the upper
air over Die oceans, and the impor
tance of acquiring knowledge in that
direction. He wishes particularly to
explore the atmosphere over the equa
torial reqions of the globe.
All readers of the Odyssey, at least,
must take a lively interest in the the
ory advocated by Dr. Th. Zell that the
one-eyed giant whom Ulysses blinded
in his cave on the slopes of Mt. Etna
was, in reality, a gorilla, and that the
original of Homer's story was a rem
iniscence of an actual encounter be
tween early civilized men and one of
their monstrous prehuman ancestors.
This is in opposition to the theory of
Grimm that the story of Polyphemus
is a mythic, account of the strife of
the elements. The fact that gorillas do
not now live near lue Mediterranean
is not in conflict with Doctor Zell's
argument, because it Is well know that
in prehistoric times Europe contained
many animals that at present are pe
culiar to Africa and other distant
lands.
To Tool the Atmonphore.
It is proposed to try an experiment
in the way 01 cooling the air at tne St.
Louis Fair Grounds, the proposition
being to reduce the high temperature
during the summer months by drawing
down cool currents from an altitude
of 800 or 1000 feet above the ground
and flooding the grounds with air from
10 to 15 degrees cooler than the sur
face temperature. The plan compre
hends the construction of an aerial
tower or staudpipe of the aforesaid
height, with its lower termination
about 50 feet above the ground, where
large fans or blowers are attacned that
will draw a current downward at the
rate of 20 or 30 miles an hour, equiva
lent to a pumping capacity of 50U,000
cubic feet of air per minute. This
volume of air will cover an acre ton
feet deep—in an hour 60 acres, and in
six hours, 3GO acres. It is expected
that calefactton through the action of
the sun's rays will be counterbalanced
and neutralized by the constancy of the
current during the daytime. After
sundown the temperature, it is claimed,
can be held below 80 degrees Fahren
heit. i.ue fans are to be started at
4 o'clock a. m., when the air is coolest.
By 10 o'clock the buildings and
grounds would be filled with fresh air,
nnd so maintained during the day.
A tiIOOO l'lionaaiit.
One of New York's veteran sports
men has in his office a stuffed Mon
golian pheasant
"That pheasant," ho said to a caller,
"cost me over SIOOO. I imported SIOOO
worth of the birds and turned them
loose on my land. They strayed, and
evenybody shot them except me. One
day a farmer came in and said the
birds were In his corr. and ho didn't
like to kill them, but be wished I'd
make them get out. I took my gun and
went shooting In his corn field. I got
that bird, and it is the only one out
of the whole lot I did get. So that
pheasant cost me just a little over
$1000." "
Why Some Hokh Are Lust.
Hog cholera is said to be at fault
when large numbers of hogs die, but
the use of filthy slop instead of pure
water, and the feeding of refuse from
hotels, much of which is soapy water,
causes some of the losses ascribed to
cholera.
Loss from Inferior Cows.
But for the manure on some farms
the cows would give no profit, as many
farmers bestow no attention to breeds
or the characteristics of individuals.
When It Is considered that no two
cows are alike, and that one may be
capable of giving twice as much profit
as another, the farmer who keeps in
ferior cows Imposes upon himself a
severe tax for Incompetency. The best
of care and attention will not enable
an Inferior cow to give a profit com
pared with those that yield large quan
tities of milk and butter.
The Hcneflt of Subnllinar>
Several years ago I intended to sub
soil my bottom land but was stopped
by wet weather before finishing. The
field was plantod in corn, and I
watched the results of the subsoiled
and unsubsoiled ground. I gave both
pieces of land the same treatment and
cultivation, and soon found that the
land which had been subsoiled with
stood the dry weather much the bet
ter. At gathering time it made 50
bushels to the aero while the unsub
soiled land made 40 bushels, so I
gained ten bushels per acre by sub
soiling, which I think paid me hand
somely, as I was only one day sub
soiling an acre. —W. C. Crook, in the
Epitomist.
Why Hon. Illil Not I.ny.
The writer recently stopped a day
with a farmer who prided himself on
his fine stock and the complete ac
commodations for their comfort. In
fact, there was no denying that every
thing was in perfect order, and we
were not surprised that the stock
looked sleek and fat. During the day
his wifo spoke of the contrariness, as
she termed it, of the hens, saying that
they had laid from 40 to 50 dozen
eggs a week all summer, and now that
the price waa high they scarcely laid
an egg.
After lunch we asked to soe the
hens and were shown a really hand
some flock of mixed breeds, but never
theless all showing traces of thorough
bred ancestors. We asked what they
were fed and the lady seemed sur
prised at such a question. Of course
they ate with hogs and cows and had
access to the corn crib if they chose
to go there.
"But where do they roost?" I sug
gested.
"Oh, in the trees," she said. "They
are healthier where they get plenty
of fresh air." And so they were,
but they did not lay any eggs. Would
It not have been economy to have built
a good, warm bouse and have had
those hens laying during the fall as
well as during the summer. —Home
and Farm.
Co9t of IlnUliij; Steer*.
The Utah experiment station has
made some experiments with a view to
ascertaining the cost of raising steers
from birth. They were conducted
with four grade Jerseys. At first they
were given only whole milk alone, but
later skim milk and grain. During the
summer the calves were pastured,
while In the winter alfalfa, corn sto
ver, grain and roots composed their
ration. At the beginning of the test
calves Nos. 1 and 2 each weighed 58
pounds, gaining 1.35 and 1.12 pounds
per day, respectively. Calf No. 3
weighed 94 pounds at the beginning
of the tost, and gained an average of
1.39 pounds per day, while 76 pounds
was the weight of No. 4 at birth,
which gained 1.15 pounds on an aver
age per day. Calf No. 1 gave a profit
of $12.78; No. 2, $8.59; No. 3, $9.38,
and No. 4, $6.82. The total cost of
raising the calves was $65.32.
These Bteers, it will be remembered,
ware grade Jerseys, thus accounting
for their light weights. Grades of any
good beef breed would no doubt have
given much better returns, but this
experiment was intended to show what
may be done with grade Jersey steers
by those who seek to improve their
dairy herds by the use of a Jersey
bull. The quality of the meat was ex
cellent, tho very best sold at the lo
cal market during the year.—Tennes
see Farmer.
Wintering l!e* In the Cellar.
After getting all colonies in good
shape, the last thing to do just as
steady winter begins is to take them
to the cellar. Select a day suitable
for the purpose, if possible not too
cold, and, of course, It must not oe
warm enough for the bees to fly. Per
haps late in the evening is best, espe
cially if the day is not very cold. A
complete arrangement of everything
must be previously made, so that thero
may be no hitch in the proceedings.
Remember that ordinary cellars or
cellars as they are ordinarily kept,
will not answer for keeping bees in.
Bees must not be mixed up with other
matter usualy kept in cellars. A cel
lar for bees proper should be used ex
clusively for them, but if the room
may be spared in a good, dry cellar,
it may be set oft for the bees with a
good, tight partition. It takes but
small space to accommodate quite a
number of colonies of bees, in the
manner in which they are placed.
In the first place fix the foundation
for the hives to sit on. This shpuld
be of two by four scanUing, fastened
about eight inches apart in the shape
of a frame, and placed on a level and
solid foundation, using brick or stone.
Have the room enclosed so that shut
ting the door will close out all light.
Three feet wide, ten feet long, and
seven feet high will accommodate 20
or 25 colonies. Set a row of hives on
the foundation without the bottoms
of hives, eight inches apart. Set the
next row over these and directly over
the eight inch space, and so on until
the ceiling is reached. Leave the lids
on all the hives, but remove the bot
toms. When placed in this manner
you will see that all the dead bees and
dirt will drop down and entirely out
of the nive, and on the lid 01 the hive
below, thus keeping tbem clear of ac
cumulating filth. Put them in quiet
ly, and arouse them as little as possi
ble. The temperature should be about
45, and should not vary more than 40
to 50. Cellar wintering looks easy,
but it takes the expert to make it a
success every time.—A. H. Duff, in V
Farm, Field and Fireside.
Start In(r Orchard.
Few things are ever done to less V
profit on the farm than buying apple
trees, spending time and labor to set
them out, and then simply leaving
them to take care of themselves.
Trees that are expected to make a
healthy growth, and at the proper age
produce an ample output of fruit,
should have as much care and atten
tion given them during their growth
as is bestowed upon ony other crop
on the farm. Neglect to do this is the
prime cause of the failure to grow
fruit. Notwithstanding it is the excep
tion rather than theruie,therearecases
where fruit growing is more profitable,
on land too rough, broken or stony to
cultivate advantageously for anything
else. If possible, it is advisable to
cultivate, however, until the trees
come at least into bearing, which is
usually four or five years.
Trees newly set out do not require
as rich a soil as when they come Into
bearing, and with care during that
period, and by keeping the orchard
in cultivation, the fertility can be built T
up. Corn or potatoes are either of
them preferable to small grains to
raise in a growing orchard, though
some authorities persist in advocating
the latter, and, as far as the condi
tion of the ground will admit, it is best
to plant corn so that cultivation can
be given both ways. Added to tills,
be the crop sown what it may, in mark
ing out, the rows should be sufficiently
far from the trees so that there will
be no danger of injuring them in culti
ing. All things considered, both the
trees and crop should have thorough
cultivation during the forepart of the
season, leaving the soil in a good, fine
tilth, and the surface reasonably level
when the crop is laid by. If it can be
done, the trees should also be care
fully mulched in June. Why? Because
this will help materially to retain the
soil during the rest of the summer,
which, in turn, will enable the trees to
maintain an evenly vigorous, thrifty
growth. Provided the trees, in con
sequence, should continue to grow un
til fall, the mulch can be removed in r*
time for them to mature their new
growth of wood; then, the ground hav
ing frozen, it can be put back again as
a protection during the winter. In
deed, the best lime is in winter to
draw and apply the manure.
It is a good plan to mulch the trees
at least two years after setting out,
for thus they will have an excellent
opportunity to get well established;
and even then thorough cultivation
and careful mulching will help great
ly in promoting a vigorous, thrifty
growth. When the trees have come
into bearing, the orchard should be
seeded down to clover. Mammoth
clover is the best crop to grow in an
orchard after it begins to bear, and
it will benefit the orchard if it is al
lowed to fall down and mulch the
ground, for after that it can be pas
tured closely with hogs through the
growing season. —F. O. S.. in Agricul
tural Epitomist. ,
1
Firm and CSnrdon Note*. "
The calf for a beef animal, keep fat.
The one for a milker, keep thrifty.
Movable pens are a good investment
on any farm where hogs are raised.
Do not expose selected seed corn to
severe cold, and keep it in a dry place.
Packing winter apples in dry Band
is recommended by those who have
tried it.
The warm side of a haystaca is not
a sufficiently warm place for a dairy
cow in the winter time.
Experimentalists say that sheep
manure is worth $3.30 a ton, as
against $2 for horse manure.
One of the handiest things about
the stock barn is a box stall. For a
sick animal it is a great convenience
ofttimee.
Get all the eggs you can out of a
hen during her first two winters. Af- 1
ter that she is generally too old to A
amount to much as an egg-layer.
All farmers do not agree in the opin
ion that manure should be hauled out
to the fields in winter as made. Yet it
is the practice of many good farmers.
As things look now, the man with a
fine orchard of bearing trees is the
man who will make some money for
the next few years. But an orchard
needs care from early spring until the
fruit is gathered.
A recommended colic remedy for
horses is one ounce each of sweet
spirits of nitre, sulphuric e-uer
and extract of Jamaica ginger, to be
given In a pint of cold water, and re
peated hourly until relieved.
It is a good idea to have a well in
your barn basement. Every well or
dered stock barn has a basement. By
this means water of a moderate cool
ness in winter can always be secured
for cattle and sheep. Stock are com
pelled to drink too much ice W
cold water in winter. It pays to have ,
It of the proper temperature.