FREE LAND TRIBUNE. PUBLISHED EVERY MONDAY AND THURSDAY. ' rilOS. A. BUCKLEY, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE: MAIN STREET ABOVE CENTRE. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. One Year $1 50 Six Months 75 Four Months 50 Two Months 25 Subscribers are requested to observe the date following the narao on the labels of their papers. By referring to this they can tell at a glance how they stand on the books in this office. For instance: Grover Cleveland 28JuneK> means that Grover is paid up to June 38,1805. Keep the figures in advance of the present date. He port promptly to this office when your paper *9 not received. All arreurngee must ixi paid when paper is discontinued, or collection will tie made in the manner provided by law. Tlie countries or tue world where women already have some suffrage have an area of over 18,000,000 square miles, and their population is over 350,000,000. As the result of statistics showing a large increase in the number of youth ful criminals, the German Ministry oT the Interior is discussing a reorgani zation of the system of compulsory education. The New Zealand farmers are the most prosperous in the world. Within the past ten years the agricultural re sources have been developed until the dairy and frozen-meat industries have attained enormous proportions. Australia has not yet recovered from her financial troubles. Rigid economy has been practiced in all de partments of the various Governments for months past, and there has been entrenchment all around, but yet the revenue returns are not satisfactory. In the Colony of Victoria the expendi tures of the Government during the quarter just ended exceeded the rev enue by something liko $2,000,000. The interest on deposits in the State savings banks has been reduced from 3$ to three per cent. The strong facial resemblance which married couples often acquire after living together a long period of years, harmonious in thought and feeling, and subject to the same conditions iu life, lias ofteu been commented upon. The Photographic Society, of Geneva, recently took the pictures of seventy eight couple for an investigation of this subject. The result was that iu twenty-four cases the resemblance iu the personal appearance of the hus band and wife was greater thau that of brother and sister ; in thirty cases it was equally great and iu only twenty-four was there a total absence of resemblance. The Atlanta Constitution is con vinced that no money-making scheme is too rascally for some men, as wit ness the gang lately arrested in New York, which for years has been plun dering insurance companies and cruelly killing horses in order to secure in surance money. They rented a stable, filled it with fine horses, good har nesses and carriages, getting as large insurance upou the contents as was possible. Then a lot of worthless horses, worn-out wagons, etc., were substituted and the stable set ou fire. The gang is known to have destroyed more thau a dozen stables, involving tho death of 100 or more horses. The law having got these rascals in it clutches, it is to be hoped a dose will be given them that will servo as a warning to others. A writer in tho Lady's Journal, in commenting on the story of tho doc tor's page introducing a patient as "Jones" instead of "Mr. Jones," upon the ground that he did not know ho was married, contends that tho boy was not to blame so much as our own lingual deficiency in tho matter. Men ought to have a pre fix, she says, which should indicate at once whetlior they are married or single. It would bo more convenient, doubtless, for tho feminine world; but somo married men, writes James Payn, would not liko this plan at nil. Th J only chance they have of being received with civ ility by tho other sex is this doubt of their eligibility for matrimony. More over, though it bo true the ladies have their "Mrs." and "Miss" to denote their connubial or celibate condition, there is nothing to indicate it iu their epistolory communications; they per sist in withholding this information from their correspondents, who conse quently nover know how to address them. Editors, of course, are con stantly placed in this embarrassing position. It is safer to write ".Mrs. '; most women, unless they arc advo cates of female rights, prefer it to ba supposed that some male has fallen ; victim to their bow and spear. DUKE OJF WELLINGTON CAREER OF ENGLAND'S GREAT EST GENERAL. The Victories Won by Illm Conferred n Crown ot Calory t'pon Ills Country—Hon ors Without MeitHure Woro Showered Upoa Him. Nufioleon'n Conqueror. The time may perhaps come when, war being a thing of the distant past, the successful general, through whose efforts a country is victorious over Its enemies, will not receive thcapplause and praise of men. At present, how ever, we are far from this state, and no man now receives greater honor than he who has led a winning tight. Of in n who in modern times have been thus distinguished one of the greatest was Arthur Welleslcy, Duke of Wellington. Certainly he was the greatest soldier England lias ever pro duced and one of her linest men. Arthur Wellesley was horn May 1, 1709, in Ireland. From early life he was destined for the career of a sol dier and was given a military educa tion in France at the College of An gers. In 1787 he entered the English army and, a few years later, Ilrst saw actual service In the Duke of York's army in Holland. In 1790 he went to India with a company of soldiers under his command, where his broth er, the Marquis Welleslcy, arrived shortly after as Governor General. The First Victory. It, was here that the young soldier won his llrst victory. It was during the Maharatta war, and with only a handful of men he came across a large force of the enemy. lie com pletely overcame them, thus securing the brilliant victory of'Assago. The victory of A rgaum followed and the fort of Gawulghur, supposed to be al mi st impregnable, also capitulated to Welleslcy. For this he received honors at home, was made Knight Commander of the Bath and Chiel Secretary of Ireland, lie also won a seat in the House of Commons and was publicly thanked by that body for his services. The next scene of (his great sol dier's triumphs was Spain and Por tugal, whither he went to assist in the expulsion of the French. The battlesof Yiinlera and Talaverafreed Portugal from the French dominion and Welleslcy now turned his atten tion to Spain. During this campaign lie won ttio battle of Salamanca over Soult, one of his most brilliant vic tories. and finally pursued the French army into France. He received sev eral titles from the English govern ment for these victories, the last be ing Duke of Wellington, and large grants of money were made him. Again he was formally thanked by Parliament and it may be hero noted that twelve times during bis THE DUKE OF WEUUINOTON. career was this special honor paid him. As a crowning glory after his Spanish campaign Wellington was made Held marshal of England. The Field of Waterloo. In July, 1814, Wellington was ap pointed ambassador to France, and in that capacity went to the Congress of Vienna. While this body was sit ting Napoleon escaped from Elba, arid the sessions were broken up. It seemed probable that Napoleon would go to Belgium, and to this country's defense proceeded an army under Wellington and one from Prussia un der Blucher. The battles of Ligny and Quatre Bras were succeeded, June 18, 1815, by tile great engage ment of Waterloo. It was undoubt edly the greatest battle in modern times. The invincible Frenchman and the undaunted Englishmen met to try ("inclusions, and on the issue of that contest, it is not too much to say, hung the fate of the world. To recapitulate the events of that mem orable day, to show how the French forces wore gradually forced to yield until victory was no longer possible, would take too long in this place. There was no question that the vic tory was in tlie hands of the Englisti and Prussians, arid that the French were no longer to lie considered the conquerors of the world. Afler the battle Wellington marchc l on Paris and I here, at the re iiiest of the allied sovereigns, re mained for throe years in command of llie army of occupation. Honors without measure were showered on Wellington by llie English Govern ment; large grants of money, an es tate, and various high offices wore presented to him, while the allied forces gave liira medals, decorations and orders. Wellington'. Political Life. In 1827 Wellington's political life in England began, and early in the following year George IV. called on him to form a ministry. Though a member of the Tory party, It was to Wellington's credit that ho was the llrst English premier to yield any thing to the Liberal side. The test and corporation acts, which bore hardly against non-members of the Established Church, were repealed and the removal of Catholic disabili ties. another outrageous measure, was suggested. Wellington, for all his liberalism, would not privc his consent to reform Parliament, and this caused a strong feeling against him and he was forced to resign. In 1834 he was again offered the prem iership, but declined, though he ac cepted the foreign portfolio under Sir Robert Tecl. He resigned this office in a few months and hencefor ward took no prominent part in the civil government of the country. The rest of Wellington's life was passed less before the eyes of the people. Ho held rnuny distinguished posts to be sure and his advocacy of the bill repealing the corn laws in 1845 did much to pass the measure, but still he sought privacy even more and more. September 14, 185*2, he was sciz'd by an apoplectic fit, very suddenly, and in a few hours he was dead. All England sought to honor him in his funeral, which was a most Iph* WAr.Mcn casti.sv ]A country linuso of the liuUo of Welling ton, whoro his (loath occurred. | imposing pageant. His body was carried through llie London streets to .St. Paul's Cathedral and It was In terred by the side of Lord Nelson, England's great admiral. A picture of the field of Waterloo in its present stale is given in this page. It lias several monuments up on it, commemorative of the great battle. In the center is the Belgium Lion, 200 feet high, erected on the spot where the Prince of Orange was wounded during the tight. It is made of metal from captured French can non. The obelisk is erected to Han overian officers of the German legion and opposite to it stands a pillar in memory of Gen. Gordon, who was among the English in the battle. These latter monuments stand on the original level of the ground which has been considerably lowered that the mound of the lion may bo built up. JOHN BULL'S LATEST GRAB L'ganilit a I. iri;r> ami Fertile Country Inliali- Ited I>3* IndiiHtrlotu People. The resolution of the Government of Great Britain to declare Uganda a British protectorate adds another considerable slice of valuable terri tory to the imperlol dominions. It is ninety years since England first, laid hands on Africa, and in the in terim she has acquired an area of considerably over 1,000,000 square miles. The kingdom of Uganda is perhaps the most advanced of all the native African States. The country is very fertile and lies to the west and north of Lake Victoria Nyanza. The pop tlllh r< v > MWANOA. KINO OF BOASDA. illation Is estimated at nearly 5,000,- 000. As gunsmiths, carpenters, boat builders and blacksmiths the peo ple—the Wa-Ganda—excel, and they have a passionate desire for all use ful knowledge. They have quick, sharp minds, delight in argument, are easily excited and are very brave. Their king is Mwanga, who succeed ed McTesa, whom Stanley visited during his African explorations. RAZOR-STROPPING DEVICE. Tho Blarin Is Alwaytt in the Bight l*oal tlon. A cutler has recently brought out a razor-stropping device to be used in connection with safety razors, as hero shown. It consists of a nickled frame, with a round wooden part fastened rigidly to the center of two side arms pivoted at the top. These move back and forth, reversing the blade every time the direction of the machine Is changed. At the end of the arms is a spring metal receiver for the blade of a safety ' razor. A Blight pressure on the strop when the CANNOT CUT Tllti STROP. machine is in motion causes the blade to turn always in an opposite direction to which the apparatus is going, making it impossible to cut the strop and at the same time re quiring no skill to sharpen the razor. ■Sonm NO WlFE —Three years ago you swore, eternal love, and Brutal husband—How long do you expect eternal love to Just, anvwavr —Hullo. 1 PLANT BEETS AS COW FEED. Sugar beets are worth more to feed to cows for mill: and butter than the prices which the sugar-beet factories oiler for them for making sugar. So j it is not necessary that a farmer j should be located near a beet-root j sugar factory in order to make beet growing pay. If ho has the right kind of cows he can make more money feeding beets to them than he can sell them for in any other way. The same is true of most of the grain products of the farm.—Boston Cultivator. THE PELLICLE OP THE PUTTEE GLOBULE. The claim made in a communication ; from Dr. Hopkins, of Vermont, that he was opposed to the alleged existence of any pellicle <>n the butter globules as long ago as 1830, is cheerfully recognized. This opposition has long been common among physicians and physiologists, who know of milk as a simple emulsion, while those who have favored it have been persons who based belief on :i very commou mis take made In inexperienced micro scopic. who ignored the clients of the retraction of b.ght from glistening ob jects, thus viewed, and in this way imagined the supposed pellicle. l)r. Husking chums that when ho made the discovery there was no such thing in 1830, when he published the fact. Hut harcl work has been done siuee then to j change the prevalent popular belief to the contrary.—New York Times. FATTENING Pl';-; ON WHEAT. W here maize can be grown to per- • faction it will probably continue to be j one of the chief food materials for I fattening swine, but in colder climates j other foods must be grown for this | purpose. H. T. French, of the Ore- j goii Station, lias continued the experi- ' ments of feeding wheat to pigs, and I the results arc especially interesting to farmers, who iiud the market price of wheat about the same as that of corn. In the rate of grain produced, t lie results compare favorably with those obtained from iced iug corn. Chopped wheat proved to be better than chopped oats, and there was lot pounds of gam for each bushel of wheat consumed. The quality of the meat was all that could be desired in fat pork. There was a good thickness of fat, and, at the same time, a good distribution of lean meat. The pigs I were eleven months old when slaugh tered. The pigs were not in pasture at any time, but were in pons connect ed with small yards. They were fed twice each day, at eight iu the morn ing, and at live in the evening. Each ration was weighed out, and allowed to soak until the time for the next | feed. A handful of salt was added to j each feeding, and charcoal was given to theiu twice a week. The breed was a cross of the Poland-China and Berk- [ shire, with tlie Berkshire points pro- , dominating.—American Agriculturist, j SEED GRAIN. Seed grain, whether barley, oats, j wheat or flax, should be selected with •en nt care. The Idaho Station advo- j eates testing the grain before sowing. | This can be done by the farmer, it says, and requires but a few days. The seed may be sown in a box of soil and the box kept in a warm exposure. The soil must be kept moist. Another and easier way is to float a j piece of thick sheet cotton on water. The grain to be tested i- placed on the cotton anl is covered with a similar shoot. On removing the cover the grain is exposed to view, and the sprouted grain can be quickly counted. A good germinate or seed tester ! can be made out of a coal-oil can, u ! block of wood and two pieces of cloth, j Cut one of the sides out of the can. j Place the block of wood within the ' can, allowing it to rest cm the bottom. ! The block should be two inches thick, about as wido as the can and three fourths as long. Pour one to one and one-half inches of water in the can. Stretch one of the ends of the cloth to dip in tue water. The oilier piece of cloth is used for a cover and is put on iu the same way. The seeds to be j tested are put between tho folds of j cloth. Capillary attraction keeps the cloth damp. Keep clean and fresh water in tho gerxuinator and set in a j warm place. To prevent smut use one pound of "blue-stone" to four gallons of water. 1 Allow the grain to remain in contact ! with the liquid for live minutes. Never sow seed that is foul with seed of weeds and other grains. The wild oats must be goi out of the way. A great help iu this direction is to de stroy as much of the wild out seed as possible. Every seed sown brings forth nearly a hundred more. —New York World. IMPROVED FEACU ORCHARDS. Every spring a large number of peach orchards arc planted 111 differ ent parts of the country, and nearly all are arranged in the old way of set ting them in squares or in rows both ways for horse culture, and training them up to a head live feet high on a bare stem at that bight. As many farmers and orchardists are now car rying out their plans for spring plant ing, a few practical suggestions may be of use. Tho tendency of all poach treo growth is in running up and out hori zontally into bare poles and arms, which gradually reduce the value of the trees and lessen the excellence of llio fruit. The duration of the trees is lessened, and they perish much sooner than under a better treatment. | First of all, the superiority of* broad- I east cultivation should be appreciated, ! as compared with only narrow strips or circles of cultivated ground. The roots of both young and old peach trees extend from the foot of the trees to a distance of at least equal to the height of the trees. This we have proved by experiments, showing that the trees, ten and twelve fret high, send out roots thirteen feet in length and arc increased in growth by manure I placed nt that distance. It is there fore of little comparative importance whether the narrow spot at the base of the tree receives manure or not. There could be, therefore, but little objection to the side branches extend ing nearly to the ground. There are several reasons for such low headed trees. The annual prun ing or cutting buck is more easily per formed, much of it being done while the operator stands on the ground. The thinning, which all heavy-bearing trees should receive, is more easily done. The fruit may be more easily gathered. There will be but little ground that may not be subjected to horse cultivation, for the shade of the foliage above will prevent much growth of weeds closely around the bteni and a light and broad harrow will stir nearly all the soil by passing I under. Planters who wish to adopt the low nended, compact training, should not purchase trees more than a year old, or which have heads already formed several feet high; but procure one year trees from tho bud, or else those which have already been trained with in a few inches of the ground.—Coun try Gentleman. A MODEL FARM. Elmdalo farm, owned by George W. Swett & Son, is ono of the best farms in Hampden Corner, Me. Iu tho large cow barn they have a silo (built on a level with tho floor), Bxlß feet base measure and seventeen feet high, filled to about two-thirds its capacity with fine cut corn fodder, which they have been successfully feeding this winter. The corn was cut, then carried by power and dropped into the silo, where it was levelled and trodden like hay in a mow. No weights were used. It is now carried in baskets to the cribs and the grain rations are scattered over it. * Two quarts of grain fed in that way are as good as three fed alone. It is j needless to say that Mr. Swett intends j to till his silo another season. A tank is placed on the upper floor of tho stable, so that water may be j carried to tho barns. The water is supplied by a windmill. There are two of these on the farm, one near tho buildings and one in tho pasture. In front of tho cuttle, running tho whole length of the crib, is a covered trough, six inches each way, and lined with ziiiz. A little hot water pat into the tank tempers tho drink for the animals. It is carried by pipes to the trough. The stable, also, is very con venient and fitted for four horses. The farm workshop is well stocked with wood-working tools, and has an anvil and forge. Cold and rainy days are spent hero pleasantly and prolit ably. Mr. Swett sets tho tires as well as rims the wheels, and has invented a simple but effective devico for that work. Other inventions of his aro a drill, a punch and a machine to cut iron pipe. Commencing in the milk business twenty-six years ago, Mr. Swott drove the cart himself for seven years, miss ing only tlireo trips during that time. Twenty-four years ago he bought this I farm of 100 acres, pleasantly situated at Hampuen Corner, six miles from Iking or. Tho largo convenient build ings are kept in thorough repair.— j New England Farmer. FARM AND GARDEN NOTES. Patience is needed in teaching tho calf to drink. A good blooded colfc may be made no better than a scrub by being half starved. After the growth is mado tho meat hog or tho lard hog is a matter of , feeding. It is calculated that with every j 1200-pound steer there are Oil) pounds [ of waste. In raising strawberries keep the ground moist and mellow by frequent cultivation. Tho food of pigs must, to produce I good results, be largely nitrogenous or muscle forming. Give tho chickens plenty of mother, that is,do not give the cure of too many chickens to one hen. Every farmer should remember that pigs cannot digest properly sour milk or sour feed of any kind. Excitable horses can generally be (piieted by smoothing the head and rubbing down over the eyes. I Much of the distemper which pre vails iu spring months might be pre i vented by a little judicious care. I Usually tho hog with coarse, straight hair will not fatten near so rapidly as tho one with line, soft hair. The early habits of Tilio eol|| will cling to it through life, hence the im portance of teaching it from the be ginning to travel at a brisk walk. 01)!) FREAKS OF THE SEA. jOLIE STR (IN 3E SIG-KT3 AND QUEER EXPERIENCES. Effects of Gigantic Waves—Sub-Mn rine Eruptions ami Storms—Show ers of Fish Cones. SAILORS hftvo more than their fill of stfange sights ami strange experionces. Big waves range among these strange experiences. We do not refer to thoso waves which are the imme diate consequences of high winds and atmospherical disturbances, but to those singlo waves of immense height which shew themselves suddenly in the midst oi' a sea comparatively smooth. A vessel may be sailing along, in fine weather and with no swell on worth mentioning, when, without the least warning, comes sweeping along a wave that towers like a mountain, falls on the deck, and carries away everything movable, members of the crew among the rest. The steamer San Francisco was once struck bv a tidal wave of this sort in the Gulf Stream, and 179 persons swept into the sea and drowned. In March last all the crew save one of the bark Johann Wilheliu were washed over board by a single wave. In June last year the ship Holyrood encountered another such sea which is said to have risen up "suddenly like a wall" aud to have flooded lior decks fore and aft. ThoCunardors, Ecmria and Umbrift, have both encountered the phenom enon, and the former had one man killed and several others injured. The case of the Pomeranian will be fresh in the minds of all. Sometimes these waves are the result of submarine eruptions and land earthquakes occur ring in close proximity to the sea. An English bark crossing the North Pacific met with one of these big waves and immediately afterward the ocean seemed to be boiling, aud tin sulphur fumes that emerged from the water were so powerful as to drive the crew into the rigging. Clearly there was an eruption here as the ship sailed over, and the wonder is that the great wave did not do more injury. Again, the American schooner Dora .T. Ward, while on a voyage to Bea I tie, Wash., from Cooper Island, was sail ing quietly aloug, when su hlouly she was lifted as if a whale had struck her bottom, and then experienced a suc cession of shocks which cast every thing loose about their feet. Tiier