WHERE CRUSOE LIVED.
The Rook-Bound, Sea-Girt Isle oi
Juan Fernandez.
The Lonely Spot on Which That Hardy
Scotch Buccaneer, Alexander Sel
kirk. Made file Home for Four I
l ong. Lonely Years.
Upon Juan Fernandez, or Mas-a- |
tierra, a rock-bound, sea-girt Islet in
the Pacific ocean, may the name of
Robinson Crusoe's island be fairly be
stowed. For here, Bays London Black
and White, did that hardy buccaneer,
Alexander Selkirk, of Largo, in Scot
land, spend more than four dreary and
lonely years, thereby suggesting to
Defoe his immortal narrative. It must
be remembered, however, that other
spots upon the earth's surface lay claim
to Robinson Crusoe, too. Thus Tobago,
in the West Indies, is held to bo tho
true Crusoe's isle, and during the last
Colonial and Indian exhibition held in
London there was sent as an exhibit
from little Tobago a skull actually
purporting" to ho that of Robinson
Crusoe's historic goat! But the Scotch
pirate certainly suggested his romance
to Defoe, wherever that author may
have chosen to lay his plot, and for
this reason Juan Fernondez must be
interesting to English readers, from
the crowns of its volcanic peaks to the
silver surf which breaks eternally upon
its shores. Amidst the island's forests
of tree-ferns did Selkirk live, build
him a habitation, and cultivate the soil;
from its mountain caps must his weary
eyes have sought a sail through the
long years of lonely waiting. Our
illustration, while showing a point of
Juan Fernandez especially associated ;
with Selkirk, affords at the same time i
at characteristic aspect of the island j
itself. "Selkerk's Lookout" is a ragged j
mountain draped in foliage, thinning
towards the last rounded peak; and,
in 1808 a tablet was placed in position
SELKIRK'S CAVE, JUAN FERNANDEZ.
upon the mountain's side at a point
Judged to be sacred to many a weary 1
month of the forlorn exile's solitude.
Scratched and cut about it are to bo
read tho names of innumerable nonen
tities who have since visited the spot.
Nothing is sanctified, no tract of
ground too celebrated or too sacred for
Smith, Jones and Robinson. Given a
stump of lead pencil and they would
gleefully Inscribe their historical
names in the Holy of Holies, together
with the date, and their addresses in
Peclcham Rye, Brixton, or elsewhere.
But while denying Buch as these the
satisfaction of their names in print, we
may copy the actual memorial. Thus
it runs:
In memory of
Alexander Selkirk.
Mariner.
A native of Largo, In the county of Flfo, Scot
land, who lived on this Island In complete
solitude for four years.and four months,
lie was landed from the Cinque Ports galley,
IXI tons, 16guns, A. D., 1704,
And was taken off In the "Duke," prlvatoer,
February 12, 1700.
He died lieutenant of E M. S. "Weymouth,"
A. D. 172a
Aged 47 years.
' This tablet Is erooted
Near Selkirk's Lookout by
Commodore Powell,
And-the officers of 1L M. S. "Topaze," A. D., IMB.
Selkirk's cave is also a point of inter- '
est, though it may be doubted whether
there is much more than an imaginary
connection between this cavern and
the solitary sailor. Tho history of
Juan Fernandez presents no feature of
particular interest. Tho island was
discovered in 1508 by the Spaniard
whose name it bears, and between that
date, until its occupation by Spain in
1750, appears to have been little more
than a sort of headquarters for tho
bold buccaneers who roamed all the
Pacific over. Juan Fernandez passed
to Chili when Spain lost her South
American possessions, and from 1819
until 1835 her new owner used the islet
as a penal settlement. To-day Chilian
sportsmen —amateur and professional
—wander upon Juan Fernandez seek
ing and slaying seal or sea-lion when
opportunity offers; but efforts in more
civilized directions have also to bo re
corded, for in 1877, the Chilian govern
ment leased the land to a Swiss, who
established a considerable colony upon
its fertile shores. The result of the
experiment, with a full description of
It, was published about five years ago
in an interesting article in Chamber's
Journal. But to Englishmen the name
of Alexander Selkirk will ever be
coppled with Juan Fernandez; and
from Selkirk it is but a step to Defoe
and Robinson Crusoe. The island, there
fore, mav reasonably claim the title
wo havo bestowed upon it. It is inter- j
esting to note in passing how many a j
lonely sea-bound rock has been from
time to time utilized by man as con
venient for purposes of imprisonment
or exile for his fellow-man. St. Helena
instantly occurs to the raind in this
connection; and the Bass Rock still
can show ruins of mouldering prison
walls. The latter, indeed, will com
mand a fresh interest, at any rate for
literary minds, by reason of the graph
ic scenes described as happening there
on in Mr. R. L. Stevenson's last ro
mance.
' Alexander Hamilton's Watch.
A watch that was worn by Alexan
der Hamilton when the declaration of
Independence was signed and also dur
ing the duel with Aaron Burr is in tho
possession of Louis M. Uabbins, of j
Madieou, Win,
LIVING LANTERNS.
Queer Fishes That Carry Bright and
Striking Sea Torches.
Away down in the dark depths of
the ocean thero are living lanterns
that are borne about to light up the
darkness. A queer fish called tho
"Midshipmite" carries the brightest
and most striking of all these sea
torches.
Along its back, under it and at tho
base of its fins there are small disks
that glow with a clear phosphorescent
light like rows of shining buttons on
the young middy's uniform—in this
way it gets its name "midshipmrte,"
TITE " MIDSHIPMITE."
by which young sailors in the navy arc
often called.
These disks aro exactly like small
bull's-eye lanterns with regular lenses
and reflectors.
The lenses, says the Boston Herald,
gather the rays and the reflectors
throw them out again. There is a lay
er of phosphorescent cells between the
two, and the entire effect is as perfect
as if made by some skillful optician.
Many other fish have "reflectors,"
I many have "lenses," but the "mid
shipmite" is the only kind that has '
such splendid specimens of both.
The fish is so constructed that when
it is frightened by some devouring sea
monster it can close its lenses and hide
itself In the darkness. It can turn its
lantern off and on at will, and then it
is always "filled" and ready when
wanted.
Another marine animal has a lumin
ous bulb that hangs from its chin, and
thus throws tho light before it to warn
It of the approach of enemies. Still
another upholds a big light from the
extremity of the dorsal fin. Others
again have constant supplies of lumin
ous oil that runs down their sides from
the fins, making a bright and constant
light all around it.
Most of the jelly fish are phosphores
cent. These live far down, on the very
floor of the ocean, where it is always
dark and gloomy. The dwellers In
[ these watery depths are provided with
lights of their own shining bodies and
fins, which illumine their home with a
strange, though no doubt cheerful,
glare.
SIR EVELYN WOOD.
Th© New Quartermaster General of th©
British Army.
Sir Ilenry Evelyn Wood, who has
just received the appointment of quar
termaster general in tho English army,
has been in turn a sailor, a dragoon, a
leader of irregular cavalry, an infantry
leader, a diplomate and an adminis
trator. lie has fought in the Crimea,
the mutiny, Ashantee, South Africa I
and Egypt, and as a result of those
hcrolo enterprises he wears a dazzling
display of decorations, the Victoria
cross among them. He is in addition a
barrister, learned in the law, and a
brilliant and facile writer. It wassaid of
SLIT HENRY EVELYN WOOD.
another most distinguished officer that
when he was made a general the world
♦lost the finest possible special corre
spondent. And of Sir Evelyn Wood it
may be said with pride by newspaper
men that ho would have been bound to
; tako the very foremost place in their
! ranks had ho devoted himself to the
pursuit of the "gray goose quill," and
he clearly recognizes the utility of a
profession, conducted in good faith,
which nature almost seems to have in
tended him to adorn. He was born in*
1838, tho same year that gave Archibald
Forbes to tho world.
Endurance of the Camel.
A camel has twioo tho carrying
power of an ox. With an ordinary
load of 400 pounds ho can travel twelve
or fourteen daj-s without water, going
tojrty miles a day. They are fit to work
at 5 years old, but their strength begins
to decline at 25, although they usually
live to 40. The Tartars have herds of
these animals, often 1,000 belong
ing to one family. They were numer-
DUS In antiquity, for the patriarch Job
had 8,000. The Timbuctoo or Moharri
breed is remarkablo for speed and used
only for couriers, going 800 miles In
eight days, with a meal of dates or
grain at nightfall.
Same Old 'Coon.
A 'coon with a leather strap around
its neck, which was lost by a young
woman at Chester, W. Va., about fif
teen years ago, was found the other
day by a hunter in the woods near
Chester. The animal still had the
leather collar around its neck.
]n Hard Luck.
When an Armenian maiden attains
her seventeenth year and is not en
gaged to bo married she must undergo
1 a strange punishment. She is forced
j to fast three days; then for twenty-
I four hours her food is salt flsh and she
is not permitted to queueb ber thirst.
HAMILTON IN BRONZE.
Tho Statue Recently Unveiled ID
Brooklyn, N. Y.
On© of th© Rest Works of William Ord
way Partridge, th© Sculptor—ln
scriptions That Have Been
Placed on the Pedestal.
The bronze statue of Alexander
Hamilton, the work of William Ordway
Partridge, was unveiled with public
ceremonies in front of the Hamilton
clubhouse at Clinton and llcmsen
streets, Brooklyn, October 4. George
M. Olcott, ex-president of the club,
made the speech of presentation, and
the statue was received by President
James McKeen. Johua M. Van Cott
made an address oh Hamilton as a
statesman, and Gen. Stewart L. Wood
ford spoke of Hamilton as a soldier.
The statue stands in front of the
clubhouse in Remsen street, halfway
between tho entrance and the street
corner, just within the iron railing
surrounding the club property. A
solid foundation has been laid to sup
port the pedestal of marble, eight feet
in height, on which the statue, ten
feet in height, stands. The following
inscriptions have been placed upon tho
pedestal:
"There Is not In the constitution of the United
States an element of ordor, of force or of du
ration which he has not powerfully contrib
uted to introduoe and caused to predominate."
—GuizoL
"He smote the rock of the national resources
and abundant streams of revenue gushed
forth."—Webs ter.
"The model of eloquenco and the most fasci
nating of orators."—Story.
"His rare powers entitled him to the fame of
being the first intellectual product of America."
—Stovons.
"The name of Hamilton would have honored
Greece in the ago of Aristidos."—Ames.
Mr. Partridge, the sculptor, began
thinking of a statuo of Hamilton, at
the suggestion of Dr. Arthur Matthew
son, ten years ago, and has endeavored
to set forth in the figure the genius of
the man of whom Talleyrand said:
"He divined America." It represents
Hamilton ID colonial costume, with a
roll of manuscript in his left hand, in
I the attidude of an orator, earnestly
setting forth great truths. The pose
of the figure is firm and oxpressivo of
STATUE A HAMILTON.
resolution and earnestness, and the de
meanor is dignified'and impressive.
The statue may be regarded as rep
resentative of the colonial time and
spirit. The pedestal is designed to
harmonize with the figure, the lonic
columns of the front recalling the
period when classic architecture had
full sway in this country. Mr. Part
ridge is the sculptor of the Shakespeare
in Chicago, and he is at work on the
equestrian statuo of Gen. Grant to be
placed in front of the Brooklyn Union
League clubhouse.
The suggestion that the Hamilton
club erect the statuo was made by the
late Edward A. Secomb, and he ar
ranged the preliminary stops in the
matter. Since his death the matter
has been taken charge of by Willis L.
Ogden. The funds to pay for the work
have been subscribed by the members
of the club.
The statue is a great addition to the
few to bo found in public places in
Brooklyn. The Lincoln at the park
entrance, the Beecher in front of the
city hall, soon to be removed to Ins
pect park, and the Stranahan in that
pleasure ground are the only ones to
be found, save a few busts in the park
and in Greenwood cemetery.
ITuntlngton'a Economy.
It is told of C. P. Huntington, the
railroad magnate, that recently upon
his receiving a small package a rela
tive discarded tho paper and twine,
throwing them into the waste paper
basket. Mr. Huntington arose and,
continuing his talk with some gentle
men present, apparently unconsciously
took the paper out of the basket, neat
i ly folded it, and taking care of tho
string, placed them both in a drawer
for further uso. One of the party re
marking that that was close economy,
Mr. Huntington remarked that between
that and extravagance there was a
wide gap. But Mr. Huntington in '4O
ran a hardware store In.California and
paper and twine were not readily ob
tained, and he probably acquired the
habit of closely saving those two arti
cles.
A Lasso of Human Hair.
The most grew some relic in tho
United States, if not in the whole wide
world, is in the possession of "Old Lo
Pier," a Spanish Indian living on the
Wenachee river at the point of its
junction with the Upper Columbia.
Old Le Pier's odd souvenir is nothing
more or less than a lasso, or lariat,
! composed wholly of human hair. It is
over fifty feet in length and as vario
gated in color as was tho coat of
"Joseph of old." The priests (none
but the mission clergy aro ever al
lowed to oven get sight of it) say that
not less than fifty women and girls
must havo been scalped to furnish ma
terial for this horrid rope, tho black,
brown, yellow, red and gray hair being
curiously and intricately woven into a
rope that is strong enough to hold an
ox, horse pr buffalo-
OPTICAL PHENOMENON.
Bulnbotre and Photographs Produced la
a Fog Bank.
A correspondent of Nature, at Chris
tiana, gives an account of a very cu
rious phenomenon witnessed from the
toj> of Gausta mountain (height 6,000
Norwegian feet) in Telemarken, south
of Norway. We were a party, he Bays,
of two ladies and three gentlemen on
the summit of this mountain on Au
gust 4. On the morning of that day
the sky was passibly clear; at noon
there was a thick fog. Between six and
seven o'clock inthe afternoon (the wind
being south to southwest) the fog
suddenly cleared in places so that we
could see the surrounding country in
WE ALL APPEARED IN SILHOUETTE
sunshine through the rifts. We
mounted to the flagstaff in order to ob
tain a better view of the scenery, and
there we at once observed in the fog,
in an easterly direction, a double rain
bow forming a complete circle, and
seeming to bo twenty to thirty feet
distant from us. In the middle of this
we all appeared as black, erect and
nearly life-size silhouettes. The out
lines of the silhouettes were so sharp
that wo could easily recognize the fig
ures of each other, and every move
ment was reproduced. The head of
each individual appeared to occupy
the center of the circle, and each of us
seemed to be standing on the inner
periphery of tho rainbow. Wo esti
mated the inner radius of the circle to
bo six feet. This phenomenon lasted
several minutes, disappearing with the
fog-bank, to bo reproduced in new fog
three or four times, but each time
more indistinctly. The sunshine dur
ing the phenomenon seemed to us to
be unusually bright. Mr. Kielland-
Torkildsen, president of the Tele
marken Tourist club, writes to me
that the builder of the hut on the top
of Gausta has twice seen spectacles of
this kind, but in each case it was only
tho outline of tho mountain that was
reflected on the fog. He had never
seen his own imago, and he does not
mention circular or other rainbows.
HOW MICE MAKE WAR.
They Face Each Other, Standing on Their
Hind Lege.
Before we had much observed mice,
the use of their long tails was a ques
tion that had puzzled us. We do not
know of what service they are to the
females, but to the bucks they are, we
see, of use in their combats, for, when
they fight, they very often face one an
other standing on their hind legs, the
tails then making, as with kangaroos,
the third feature of a tripod.
! Their appearance, when they thus
; stand facing one another with their
heads thrown back and their paws in
1 front of their faces, is, on account per
haps of the resemblanco it bears to the
posture of prize-fighters, extremely
comic, says a writer in the Northwest.
Small mice, also, when attacked by
their bigger congeners, raise their
MICE PREPARING TO FIGHT,
paws before their faces, the attitude
in that case strangely suggesting one
of deprecation.
What occurs when belligerent bucks
actually engage only instantaneous
photography could record, so rapid are
their movements. Presumably, they
try to bite, but must consider defense
the better part of valor, for they never
appear to get hurt much, and between
the rounds will nibble away at tho
crust which brought them Into the
vicinage, only showing their excite
ment by rattling their tails against the
ground. * Occasionally a tail seized by
tho teeth leads to one mouse having to
drag his enemy over the floor till the
latter lets go.
The Cause of Biliousness.
The cause of biliousness is a dilated
stomach. Food decomposes in the
stomach, and that gives rise to the con
dition known as biliousness. It is a
state of poisoning in the stomach, pro
duced by the action of germs upon the
food remaining there. When those
germs grow up through the cesophagus
they produce the bad coating on the
tongue. Biliousness always means bad
diet. If a man is bilious he ought to
be ashamed of himself, for it means
that ho has abused his stomach. A
dilated stomach is very common among
chronic dyspeptics. It is a stretching
of the stomach in consequence of over
loading it; it is sometimes duo to a
breaking down of the stomach.
Sutclflen In European Armies.
In view of the epidemic of suicides
which seems to have set in of late it Is
interesting to see how different coun
tries stand in this respect. The follow
ing figures give in the number of sui
cides in tho various armies of Europe
per 100,000 men: Austria, 481; Ger
many, 07; Italy, 40; France, 29; Bel
gium, 24; England, 28; Russia. 20, and
Spain, u.
UGLY BEDFELLOWS.
Leaves from the Note Book of an
Old Traveler.
The Habits of Centipedes. Scorpions and
Tarautulas Twenty-Four Babies
and a Mother Scorpion
* in a ShawL
During my life in tropical countries,
writes Eugene Murray Aaron in the
St. Louis Republic, I found that there
were three sorts of occasional bedfel
lows that one could never be too care
ful to see were not between the sheets
or otherwise hidden in bed or hammock
before retiring.
These dangerous bedfellows were cen
tipedes, scorpions and tarantulas, or
trap-door spiders. Of the three I al
ways had the greatest dread of the
scorpions, partly, perhaps, on account
of their greater bulk, but more, I
think, because of their villainous
temper.
So far as I have observed, the taran
tula will only visit a house or even a
camp in search of flies or other food,
and he will usually quickly retreat if
his W&y is clear.
So, too, the centipedes as a rule pre
fer to hide under washboards or in
damp cellars and decaying timbers,
only coming out after food., such as
roaches and croton bugs.
"It is always the unexpected that is
happening," sure enough, with scor
pions. Ilowever carefully alert one
may be thej' are sure to turn up at the
most unlooked-for times—to be found
in a coat-tail pocket, on the inside of a
horse's collar just as it is about to be
put on the unsuspecting beast, or in
the bathtub, which only a few mo
ments before was carefully inspected.
Looking over a pile of letters on my
study table in Jamaica one afternoon,
a pile which I had carefiUly sorted out
just before lunch, I heard a scratching
in one of the larger envelopes, and be
i. SCORPION, 2. TARANTULA. 8. CENTIPEDE.
fore I had time to drop it I received a
painful wound from the fang of a largo
scorpion.
Another time, desiring to take an
afternoon siesta in my hammock, I
shook out the shawl spread over it, and
from the folds fell a good sized female
scorpion. Having respread my shawl
I turned over the pillow to beat it up,
when from under it there dropped over
24 baby scorpions. The j'oung scor
pions usually travel from point to
point on the mother's back, but while
she is foraging around for food they
are generally to be found in hiding
near by, as was this little colony. Over
70 young ones have been found with
one female.
The poison from these creatures is
applied in three different ways, though
the poison itself is much the same and
similar in action.
The fang of the scorpion is at the
very tip of its long, flexible tail, as the
abdomen appears to be, and with it the
creature can deal itself quite as deadly
a blow as it can to any enemy. This it
will do, just as described in one of By
ron'B poems, if it be surrounded with a
circle of fire and assured of its inability
to escape. This I have tested quite a
score of times, thus disproving claims
of certain naturalists, who probably
never saw a live scorpion, that Byron
Invented the story to suit his rhyme.
The amount of-poison in the scorpion
will not, in my opinion, kill a healthy
adult, although it will cause an amount
of pain for some hours that is most
diflicult to bear with fortitude, as I
can testify from personal experience.
But a large female scorpion certainly
'an cause death to a half-grown child
or to a timid woman, or a man whose
blood is in a bad or impure condition.
The tarantula carries its poison at
the base of the most savage-looking
fangs, that hang down from the lower
side of its head. Owing to their po
sition, the term "bite" may be more
correctly applied to the tarantula than
to either of the others; it is, neverthe
less, not a bite, but a sudden down
ward stroke of the fangs into the ob
ject attacked.
I have never found anyone who knew
of a case where a centipede wounded a
man without first having been stepped
on, rolled on or in some like manner
hurt. Its poison is a much more di
lute fluid than that of the others and
is exuded from the hollow feet.
A centipede that I rolled on with my
naked back In my sleep on the little
steamer that plies on the San Juan
river in Nicaragua loft a thick red
ridge as wide as my thumb quito
across my back, hut there wero no
holes in my skin that a friend with a
pocket lens could discover. Its poison
1b much less serious in effect than that
of the other, not much worse than a
row of hornet stings would be; but, al
though the least painful of these throe
sometime bedfellows, It is quite bad
wwinghi
and
we have an enormous stock and
our prices are far more reason-
Blam-lcets, Comforta'bles, Gloves, HSToticxis,
we have a tremendous assortment at LOWEST PRICES.
At Jos. Neuburger's' Bargain Emporium,
FREELAND, PA.
IS AS SAFE AND HARMLESS AS
A Flax Seed Poultice.
It is applied right to the parts. It cures all diseases of women. Any
lady can use it herself. Sold by ALL DRUGGISTS. Mailed to any
address on reoeipt of sl.
Dr. J. A. MeGill & 00., 3 and 4 Panorama Place, Ohicago, lIL
Sold, "by jA.mand-us Oswald, Preeland.
KELLMER
PBOTOeBAFBIB
Tlie Finest Specialties in the Photographic Art.
For Finish
We Can't
Be Beat.
WITT rTT AT? A XTTPF IIKTTEK WORK THAN CAN BE HAD
T V ILL uU ARAI> ILL ANVWHEKEKL.SE IN THE;REGION.
13 West Broad Street. Hazleton.
Latest Fall Styles
-IN—
Ladies', Misses' and Children's
COATS, - mil - ID - JACKETS
AT LOW PRICES.
JOHN SMITH, - BIRKBEGK BRICK.
GEO. CHESTNUT,
LEADER OF GREAT BARGAINS,
has a lino lino of
Boots and Shoes.
Every Variety.
Best Material.
Good. Workmanship.
Reasonable Prices.
NOVELTIES. TOYS. Etc.,
OP EVERY KIND.
Sec our handsome* stock of footwear—the
largest and best in town. Custom-made work
a specialty and repairing done on the premises.
93 Centre street, Freeland.
CITIZENS' BANK
OF FREELAND.
CAPITAL, - $50,000.
OFFICERS.
Jiwepli Blrkbeek, President.
H. C. Koons, Vice President.
11. R. Davis, Cashier.
John Smith, Secretary.
DIRECTORS.—Joseph Blrkbeek, Thos.Blrk
lieok, John Waimer, A. Kwlew ck, H. C. Koona,
Chas. Dusheck, John Smith, John M. Powell, Sd.
John Burton.
|3T" Threo per cent, interest paid on saving
d *Spendaily from9a.m.to4p.m. Wednesday
evenings from 6 to 8. >
Is the place to pay a visit
to see handsome things in the
line of horse goods and equip
ments.
We can supply you with
■ everything from harness to a
I whip, and will guarantee you
fairer prices and better goods
tlian yon can get anywhere else
in the region.
Our harness is the neatest
and is manufactured with par
ticular regard to d urability.
Geo. Wise,
Freeland and Jeddo, Pa.
Advertise in
the Tribune.