Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, October 24, 1889, Image 3

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    CUSTER'S LAST FIGHT.
AN INDIAN S< OUT'S STORY OF THE
UOKHIIILE MASSACRE.
How tlio Oitllant Cavalry Leader Wan Led
Into the Death Trap by the Wily Sitting;
Hull ami Ills Lleuteuunts---New Light
CJpoa an Old Subject.
v HE tragic death
—.* of the gallant
L'~ ' General George
~ A. Custer, with
fiujl five companies of
(fit I Ti\r the Seventh Uni
t Statos Caval
—ry, it) the Valley
- the kittle
Horn River, in
Montana, is of
too recent occur
rence not to be
familiar to every reader; and, while tho
details of the great disaster, tho horrors
of which shocked the civilized world,
have long since become a part of history,
few are familiar with tho causes which
resulted so fatally to tho * long-haired
soldier," his gallant officers, and men.
The writer, from a long association
with the Sioux, as hunter, scout, trader,
and Deputy United States Marshal, thor
oughly acquiring the Sioux language and
a knowledge of their habits, has been
able to gather data inaccessible to tho
transient or casual observer.
The name and fame of Gen. Custer
had spiend among the Sioux iu the early
seventies, and the writer can atford no
better illustration of the respect in which
his powers ns a successful Indian fighter
were held by the savages than tho fact
that he was ablo to cross the then almost
unknown country from Fort A. Lincoln
to the Black Hills, through the very
heart of their country, with a part of his
regiment, without firing a shot.
The result of this expedition was the
finding of gold in paying quantities in
the Black Hills, and from that time dates
a hatred by the Sioux that only ended
with his death.
The Sioux then foresaw that, in a short
time, they would lose their choicest hunt
ing-grounds, an event which, when con
summated, they traced directly to Gen
Custer.
Exaggerated reports from tho camp
followers of Custer's army soon had the
etl'ect to stir uu the minds of the adven
CUSTER'S LAST CHARGE.
tnrers trora me btaies, me naray miners
from Colorado and California, and tho
hunters, trappers, and frontiersmen of
Wyoming and Montana, which resulted
in a desire to visit the new Eldorado.
Parties were formed by stealth, and led
by the most daring spirits, and in spite
of the fact that the Sioux, who were cow
sustained by tho military, were noting
every move, several succeeded in gaining
the * goal and a realization of their
dreams.
The Government now decided upon a
change of tactics. A treaty was made for
the cession of the Black Hills, a treaty
that was never ratified by the leading
chiefs, and very indifferently kept by the
whites.
Late in the fall of 1875 tho agents at
the different agencies were instructed to
call in all of the Indians then away hunt
ing uiul to inform them that their right to
liuut in Wyoming and Montana had ex
pired. The Sioux failed to comply with
these orders, and in March, 1876, Gen
George Crook took the field against them
SCOUT BARTLETT.
with twelve companies of cavalry and
obout forty scouts (of whom tho writei
was one), mostly frontiersmen and half
breeds.
The General succeeded in meeting and
completely destroying a Sioux village on
Powder River, Wyoming. This had the
effect to turn the more timorous Indians
toward tho ogencies.and the most warlike,
under the leadership of Sitting Bull,
Gaul, Kain-in-the-Face, Crazy Horse,
nnil other sub-chiefs, toward the north.
Until this time tho Indians had been
living in a semi-state of war and peace,
but now the lines were drawn, the gaunt
let accepted, the war pipe was sent to tho
various camps, and as early as May, 1870,
a village of nearly 7,000 Sioux, Chey
enues, and renegades from other neigh*
boring tribes had assembled on the
Yellowstone River.
All was life and gayety. The Indians
felt safo in tho security which their num
bers afforded. Game was very plentiful,
•Their horses were iu prime condition foi
the chase or for war. Games of chance
ind athletics were freely indulged in.
Ruciug. training, and friendly contests
with rifle nd bow and arrows were of
daily occurrence. The children of nature
were enjoying only such sports as nature
had taught them.
The runners were now returning from
the Canadian Northwest, bringing arms,
ammunition, and recruits to their cause,
Everything promised security from want,
hunger, or Invasion by the pale-faces.
The medicine pien meantime were not
idle. Stories of tho bravery of fathers
were rehearsed to sons. They were ex
horted to bo as brave and strong of heart,
and the land they now occupied would
he secured to them for a great many
years. The gods had been invoked; the
medicine was good. They said that un
less they called down tbp wrath of the
evil spirit by acts of cowardice no enemy
could withstand them, that the Great
Spirit was watching over nis reel cnudren
with pity, and that now he had placed it
in their power not only to avenge
their ovii wrongs but those of
their fathers. The many wrongs the
white man had doue them were
detailed by the old witches and time
tellers of the tribe, and when it is con
sidered that this was the brave#*, and most
warlike of the Sioux nation, the result of
the engagement with Custer, their most
bated foe, is no longer a subject of won
dor.
About tUo first of June, 1876, the spiei
who had beeu sent out to watch th
movements of the enemy returned witl
the news that Gen. Crook, with a largt
command and an ally of Crow and Snaki
Indians, had appeared on the Tongm
River. As soon as this was learned i!
was resolve ft to semi out a party to make
a sortie, to discover their strength end
engage them if practicable. This wat
continued from day to day, in the hop
of drawing the enemy into somo ground
iwbere an ambush could be laid. Thii
Ithev came near nccomnlishino on th* 11th
ana ir tnoy naa been decoyea into tn
canyon of the Rosebud the fate that
awaited Custer would have fallen ou
Crook.
After this unsuccessful move it was de
cided to go closer to the mountains, tc
the end that the wounded could receive
better care and have cold water to bathe
iu, etc., and also that their religious rites
' ' SPOnm TAIL.
and annual sun-dance could bo per
formed, and here we tiud them camped
uear the mouth of the Little Big Horn
River, where the ill-fated Custer over
took them. The chiefs and head war
riors were now in daily council and con
sultation, the wily Sitting Bull aud hia
able assistant, Rain-in-the-Face, coun
seling prudence and strategy, the impotu
ous Crazy Horse (the Custer of the Sioux!
advising a charge and a riding down of
the enemy by sheer force of numbers, a
p:irt which he fulfilled to the letter later on.
The column under Gen. Alfred Terry
was advancing steadily alongtho Yellow
stone River, The Sioux were kept in
formed of his movements by suies and
couriers, ana nis presence gave no un
easiness. They were accustomed to the
white man's mode of warfare, and little
thought that Long Hair (the Sioux name
for Custer) would leave tbe infautry tc
toil on as they might, while ho with hia
eavalry and a few Indian allies, moving
by forced and heavy marches, would meet
and dare them on ground of their own
choosing.
The spot selected by tho Sioux fortheii
camp was well calculated for defense.
Flanked'.by deep ravines, and deep and
almost impenetrable underbrush in the
roar, it was a wild pluoe in nature chosen
by the Indians for thoir preservation.
The first notioe of tho near approaoh ol
troops was given by a few squaws who
have b6en out somo distance from camp,
BITTING BULL.
for the purpose of gathering wild turnips
(a favorite food with these people). They
reported that they had seen a henvy cloud
of dust moving toward them, and paral
lel with the river, and as buffalo always
travel nt right angles in valleys, so as to
cross tho streams square, they argued
that it must be horsemen. This news
was scoffed at by the Ogallalas. It could
not be that any 100 would be rash onou'-jb
to move on them in their stronghold; bo
sides, no one but squaws had seen any
thing to cause alarm, aud so thoy gave
tho story no crodeneo. However, Chief
Gaul, always suspicious, determined to
send out a few scouts to make an investi
gation. Theso returned before midnight
with a confirmation of the roport that
soldiers were coming, gave a good esti
mate of their numbers, and also reported
that they were under the leadership of
Long Hair (Custor).
All was now oxcitemeut and turmoil in
tho Indian camp. Ordors wore issued by
Sitting Bull that no lodges wero to bo
struck, but that iho squaws should take
the old, tbe crippled and wounded, to
gether with their children, and retreat in
to tLe high hills with the stook at first
sign of bre iking day. It was decided to
make no demonstration until the soldiers
should attack the camp.
The command on the right was given
to Rain-in-the-Face.
Meantime tho portion of the Indians
known as tbe Ogallala Bioux slept quietly
on. Nor is this to be wondered at, when
wo know that tho camp was upwards of
three miles in length, and perhaps
this was well for tho Indians, for had
tho Ogallala ohief, Crazy Horse, been
present at the council when the final dis
position was made, Custer might hevo
been met on the open plain, where, in
conjunction with Reno, the result would
probably have been very disastrous to
the Indians; but it seems, as the Indians
had said, "their medicine was good," for
all worked to their weal.
At la6t morning broke—aglorious morn
indeed. Not tho slightest breeze caused
a riffle in tbe leaves of the giant cotton
woods that lined tho camp in the rear.
Spies were now sent out to watch and re
port the advance of the soldiers, runners
were sent to warn the Ogallalas, and all
was put in readiness to await tho onßet.
In a short time tho spies came dashing
into camp with the news of the near ap
proaoh pf thp troops, who soon ap
peared on the riyer bottom, in full
view. Here the troops made a short
halt, and, forming company front, boldly
advanced, guidons and colors flying
with the motion of their noble steeds, nt a
full charge—Custer's last, but a noble
pne— on. ou they camp. certaiD doom only
awaiting every soul, toward tne point oeat
prepared to meet them, past n part of the
now deserted lodges, until the line be
came necessarily broken to avoid the
tepees. Here a portion of their horses
became unmanageable ot the sight of half
dried ment and untanned skins that every
where strewed the ground.
In the midst of all this confusion the
blood-curdling war-cry of the Sioux
sounded ou their oars, aud hundreds of
painted savages, heretofore hidden by
the underbrush, sprang up aud delivered
tlieir galling fire in the front, while Rain
in-the-face, from his position with his
braves, delivered a raking, murderous
fire on their tlank.
Custer now probably saw his mistake
too late; but the splendid courage that
always marked the man did not desert
him. Both himself and men fought like
demons.
"Halt! Dismount!" rang out in sten
torian tones, and these were the last or
ders the gallant Custer ever gave that
wero obeyed by his men. Tho firing now
became general. Tho horses, unloosed
and maddened by thirst, dashed into
tho stream, where they were easily
caught by tho Indians. Groups aud
squads of dead soldiers here and there
marked the spot where some brave cap
tain or lieutenant fell while stimulating
his men by word or deed (and men with
empty cartridge shells between their legs, ,
sitting where they fell, with gun lying
close by, went to show how dearly they
had sold thoir lives), for in this awful mo
ment probably no one of Custer's men
dreamed of victory.
At this critical juncture the Ogallala
chief. Crazy Ilorse, appeared ou the left.
GENERAL COSTER,
and, taking 111 the situation at a glance,
ordered his legion to charge.
Let us now close our eyes as the horri
ble work of butchery goes on. Unaccus
tomed to such warfare, and overcomo by
vastly superior numbers, before the sun
had fairly reached the meridian the last
of Custer's bold riders had succumbed to
the inevitable.
Not much remains to be told. Tho
soldiers were hurriedly stripped of thoir
arms and accoutermeuts. The Indian al
lies, fifteen in number, were scalped, and I
the field was left to the squaws, who
went the rounds with stone war-clubs
and tomahawks, brained the soldiers
who were not quite dead, stripped
them of watches, jewelry, eto., and hor
ribly mutilated their bodies. For some
reason, not one white man was scalped.
A thousand warriors had perhaps
boasted that the long yellow hair of Gen.
Custer should that day dangle at his belt,
but owing to the fact that he started on
this expedition with his hair cut short he
was not recognized by the Indians.
The casualties of the Indians were com
paratively small—thirty-six on the field
dead. The number dying of wounds will
probably never bo accurately known, as
the village was shortlv afterward broken
np. Probably seventy would be a fair es
timate.
Why Major Reno did not support his
Colonel in the charge or rescue him in
retrout, Indian logic cau find no answer.
Geo. E. Baiitlett,
CornlleHl rmrosnpny.
/rA an ■ up the lad
/rJfpSx (( CjTw 6 !, a mau
V Jfr* " l 0 worse
f. *1 ,//. hurt if he
P falls.
J*T I %/" Great
Si&W oaks from
fttu® "cotiib
f' ow, w u
true . bllt 11
% J won't take a
** re en m * n "
utes to burn
up that
same great
oak.
The man who excuses himsell for
getting on a tear on the Fourth of
July by saying that "it comes but
once a year," will usually find enough
other holidays that come no oftener to
keep him pretty busy sobering up.
A burnt child dreads the fire and he
will be putting in hia spare time try
ing to find some way of playing with it
without being burned.
It is always the best horso that dies.
Pay as you go, and if you can't pay
itay at home.
The school ma'am may not be so
heavy aa tho prize fighter, but ahe is
more valuable to the country at largo.
Some men regard strong drink as
their enemy and they bravely resolve
to die with their face to the foe.
Tho time spent in envying your
neighbor's possessions would, if put in
at work, enable you to make your
neighbor envy you.
It is all well enough to tell the hoys
not to gamble, and to teach them that
it is a baneful habit, but it is foolish to
tell them that all gamblers lose money.
They correctly argue that if one man
loses another must win, and they set
out with the determination to be the
other man.
Pretty Hani on a Poor Sport.
He had just come in from a day's
fishing iu the perch pool, and was in
the act of opening his mouth to tell ot
his exploits, when his wife, closing the
book which she had been reading, said ;
"Oh. it's yon, George, dear. I'm glad
to see you back. It was so dull with
you away that I took up the Bible to
pass the time, aud was reading the
Book of Revelations as you eamo in.
That's a wonderful hook. And, just
think, it says, 'All liars shall have
their part in the lake which burnetii
with fire and brimstone.' Have you
caught anything?"
"No, Mary," he answered; "I didn't
—catch—a thing, but I thought as 1
went out to get fish wo might as well
have ft string, so I called at the fish
store and bought these."
She said she was glad to get the fish
and talked to him with much cheerful
ness; hut he was gloomy and preoccu
pied, and scarcely said a word in reply,
and, in a short time, giving the excuse
that he was tired, went off to bed.
Poor fellow 1
Statesmen in Prospect,
"What a houseful of children you
have, uncle," said a gentleman to an
old negro, whose cabin swarme.d with
children of all ages and sizes.
"Yes, sail, yes, sahl" replied their
father, proudly, "thirteen in all, sah;
en not one too many. Couldn't spar'
one. All boys but two, sah, en chances
fo' de las'one ob 'em to git into Con
gress. Yes, sah! 'Taint many men
has dc chance ob bein' fader to 'lcben
i Cpugiessmpq—np. sah 1"
This is the turning period in the
| life of tho farmer's boy, if there is a
1 grindstone on tfrj place.
TEA MANUFACTURE. '
Various Processes of Preparing Tea 1
for Market.
Each picking <>f ft garden is in India
called a ''break" and in China a "chop."
But an Indian "break" is rarely above a
hundred chests, and is often only twenty,
and it is absolutely even in < uility
throughout, whereas a Chinese "chop ' i
may he run up to several hundred j
chests or half chests, purporting to be
of even quality, but made up of many
pickings from different gardens, pro- j
ducing a mixture which is not uniform,
at the expense of the deterioration of
the better leaves. In India each day's
picking is immediately "withered", ■
and when perfectly and evenly withered
is rolled lightlv by a machine. In ( liina
the withe eu or partially withered
leaves are put into small cotton bags,
loosely tied and placed in open wooden
boxes, the sides of which are pierced
with numerous ho'es. A man then gets
into the box and presses and kneedsthe
bags with his feet, with the object of
both robing the leaves and expressing
the moisture. Next comes "fermenta
tion." In India this is done in the
open air, without any extraneous aid, ;
ami it is part of the skill of the planter |
to know the exact moment when to arrest j
the process, for immediately the proper ;
point is reached the tea must bo "fired." j
In China, after the jumping process ,
above described, the tea is placed in ,
baskets and covered lip with cotton or j
felt mats, so as to retain the heat and '
hasten the fermentation. After it has
stood thus covered up for a certain time
it is taken out and "fired. This firing
is one of the most important of all the J
proc sses, and requires great skill and
care. The Indian planter is most par- ;
ticular to see that only the very best j
hardwood charcoal is used, and that the j
tea '8 so constantly turned over that j
there is 110 chance of any of it getting j
burned. A single basket of burne 1 lew
will spoil a whole "break." 111 China they
often make the tea "smoky" by using
ill made charcoal,and sometimos "ir "
bv firing with soft woods liko fir and
The "tarry" flavor, it is said, will
deve'op until long after the tea lias <. i t
China, and some waters bring it "U!
more disagreeably than others. 1
following is, or should be, the p <<ss
of "firing" by the charcoal system.
After the fire is ready, a tubular basket,
narrow at the middle and wide at both
ends, is pla ed over it, and into this
tube a sieve is dropped, covered with;
tea leaves, shaken 011 it to about as in h j
in thickness. The leaves have io be
carefully watched while the sieve is over j
the fire, and after about five or six
minutes they are removed and rolled.
As the ball's of leaves come out of the
hands of the roller, they arc pa ed in a
heap 011 the floor, and when all have
beeu thus manipulated they are shaken
on to the sieve again and set over the
fire for a few minutes longer. They :
may even sometimes bo rolled and
fired a third time, until the leaves have
as unied the right dark color. When
the whole batch Ims beeu thus treated it
is p'a!*ed thickly in the baskets and
again put over the fire. The attendant
makes a hole with his hand through the
centre of the mass, so as to allow vent
to the heat as well as to any smoke or
vapor from the charcoal, and he then
covers it over with a fiat basket. The
heat of the fire is now reduced, and the
tea is a'lowed to remain over it until
perfect'y dry. It has to 1-e constantly
watched and fro ;uently stirred to insure
e ual heating. \ hen the firing is done
the black color of black tea ehou d be
well esiftblislicd, although it afterward
improves in appearance. The tea is
then winnowed and sifted through vari
ous s eves to divide it into the ditterent
kinds. 111 In Ua, however, another pro
cess for firing tea has V een introduced
of ate years. Ir is oalled a "sirocco," j
and is a machine for supplying hot air, |
which is superseding the charcoal pro- |
cess. It is rapid in its work, and isKtiid i
to be superior in many ways. The leaf
is laid out on wire-gau/.o trays, which
are passed through the hot air machine
at a temperature of 300 degrees, and in
from fifteen to twenty minutes the ea
is thoroughly fired. It is then paced in
the "s'fiers," which are worked by mu
ch nery, with ei.her a lateral or rotary
mo ion, and the different grades are
sifted out, such as dust, broken Tekoe
and Pekoe. The larger and coarser
leaves which do not pass through the
sieves are cut to an even size and
class-ed as Pekoe Souchong.—[Cham
bers' Journal.
How They Found Her Weight.
In a certain Maine town is a very heavy
girl. She is quite sensitive about her
weight and it is not generally known,
but two mischievous young men want
ing to know it, one of them peivuaded
her to stop and sneak with him 011 the
hay sea 08. The owner of the scales
was in the plot and quickly weighed
them. The weight of the man being
subtracted, left the amount of 301 pounds
for the girl.—[Lewiston Journal.
Fuller* Should be Laying.
Young pullets ought all to be laying this
21011 th. Later hutched ones if not luying by
Oecombor, will probably, if left to them
lolves, not lay before spring when eggs are
down to 15 cents per dozen. Therefore get
the pullots to laying early when prices are
highest. Rov. 8. W. Squires, of Franklin,
Mass., says: "Last wintor for twelve hens
1 used four large cans of Sheridan's Con
dition Powder. I believe it is the best pre
partition known to increase egg production,
t saved part of the eggs for hatching after
forcing the hens four months for ull they
wero worth with the Sheridan's Powder, and
1 never had a greater per cent, of fcrtiioeggs
or more vigorous chickens. Ido not believe
I can afford to bo without tho Powder to
givo health and vigor to young hens." Six
cans of Hheridan's Powder will pay a good
dividend in eggs. I. 8. Johnson & Co., 22
Custom House Btrcot, Post on. Mass. (the
only makers of Sheridan's Condition Powder),
will send for 50 cents, two packs of Powder;
for SI.OO five packs- for SI.CO a large 2% can,
postpaid; six cans for $5.00, express prepaid.
A copy of the best Poultry paper for 5 cents.
Bend stamps or cash.
Queen Mauguerite of Italy mukes herself
happy at the piano.
" Consumption Can be Cured,"
Dr. J, S. COMDS, Owensville, Ohio, says: U I
have givon SCOTT'S EMI/LSION of Cod Liver Oil
with Hipopho.sphites to four patients with
better results than seemed possible with any
remedy. All were hereditary case* of Lung
diaca-ao, and advanced to that, s age wh-n
Coughs, pain in the chest, frequent breathing,
frequent pulse, fevor and Emaciation. All
theso oases havo increased in weight from 16
to lbs., and arc not now needing any medi
cine."
Queen Victoria has a beautiful touch on the
piano.
Travelling men smoke "TansiU's Punch."
Teat fibre is coming into considerable use
in the manufacture of brown paper, being
about fifty per cent, cheaper than wood pulp.
There is ncrMnp (unless It bo the 6ewing ma
chine) that ha lightened woman's labor as
niuch a- Dobbin*'* Elec ric Soap, constantly
sold since 1801. All grocors have it. Have you
mode its acqual-.taucc? Try it.
A small picture was lately sold at the
Hotel Drouat, in Paris, for a hundred francs,
which 011 being verified MB his work by M.
Moissonier, was Immediately mold for 18,-
000 franca.
I Don't Wnote Tour Ttmo
And money experimenting with dtmbtfnl
re i.edics, when Dr. Pierce's Goldon Medical
1 Discovery is so positively certain In its cu a
tive action as to warrant Its manufacturers la
supplying it to tho public, as they are doing
through druggists. Under a duly executed cc -
tifir.rvtoof guarantee, ilmt it will accomplish
all it la rvH ommended to do, or money paid for
it will be promptly returned. It cures torpi l
liver, or biliousnoss. indigestion, or dyspepsia,
all humor-, or blood taints rom w. atover
cause arising, akin and scalp diseases, scroful
ous aiTeutlons (not excopting consumpt 011, or
1 lung-scrofula), if taken in time and given a
fair trial.
Thousands of cures follow tho uso of Dr.
Sage's Catarrh Itemed v. 50 cents.
An American system of police alarm boxen
have been put up in London. A munll dis
-1 trict has been served with it us an experiment,
, which, if successful, will probably be repented
all over the greut city.
1 Would You llelleve
The Proprietor of Kemp's, balsam gives Thou
sands of Bottles away yearly? This mode of
advertising would provo ruinous if the i'alsar
was not a perfect cure of Coughs and ail
Throat nnd Lung troubles. You will see Ibe
excellent effect after taking the first dose
Don't hesitate! Procure a bottle to-day to
keep In your home or room for immediate or
future use. 1 rial bottle freo at all druggists
Largo size 50c. and %i. stfwvs.
It IIIIH beeu discovered that one of the most
valuable oils used by the old masters wus
! walnut oil.
, If afflicted with sore eyes use Dr. Inane Tbomp
| ion's Eye Water- Druggists sell 2fto. per bottle
Eighteen tons of steel disappear daily on
, the single system of the London and North
: western Hallway, through wear and rust.
Oxeten. tlic Fnrndlse of Farmers.
Mild, equable climat , certnin and abundant
drops. Best fruit, grain, grass and stock coun*
iry In the world. Full Information free. Ad
reas Oregon Im'igrat'n Board, Portland, Ore.
The pockets of the British infantry coat '
jure to be sewed up till the men are on active
1 duty. U43. 1
Scrofula Humor
"My Utile daughter's ltfo was saved, as we bo
llovu, by Hood's SarßaporiUa. Before alio w OR si*
months old scrofula began to appear and In a short
time sho had 7 running euros. One physician ad- \
\ised the amputation of ono of her fingers, to
which wc refuoM aasout. We began giving her
- nrked Improvement was j
notieed XfUr dw hud tnken only one Mttle. and by
a continued use of It her recovery WOa complete '
And she is :r>w, being Mrwi years old, strong and 1
NiAltby. Tl. „tli r member, of mj family in... 1
been rrroatty benefited by Hood's Sarsapardio."
li. C. J-.xaj, Aino, i ineotnCo., Mo
Hood's oa.sapasMla
Sohl by all druggists. $1; six for $5. Prepuicd
by (11. HOOD A CO., Apothecaries, Low oil, Moss.
100 DOSES ONO DOLLAR
ELY'S CATARRH
Clean, Balm |gg|pj
Clo an os thoia *
Nasai l*ssaK<-B,fcy^^-sCoioQLa"t/\D)(
In' Man, m!" on L 1 ' AY F EVE R
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