sung mvm
Geography Set to Music an Old
Time Teaching Scheme.
A PLAN CF YANKEE ORIGIN.
One of. the Most Popular Aire In the
List Used to Interest the Pupils In
Their Studies Was "Auld Lang
Syne" "Bonny Doon" Also Liked.
Singing geography was a popular
fad lu the educational line In New
lork In oldou days, particularly lu up
state school districts. It was of Yan
kee origin. It was never made part of
the common school system of the state,
but was taught outside the regular
hours. '
A set of wall maps known m Pel
ton's outline maps was used. There
were no names of geographical divi
sions or places on them. The instruc
tor would go over the map on which
the lesson was found, pointing out
With a pointing rod the different coun
tries, cities, rivers, lakes or whatever
might be the subject In hand, and at
the same time the name of each di
vision, place or body of water would
be mentioned in song. The teacher,
usually a man, would lead the class
chorus as he pointed, and if the sub
ject happened to be political divisions
the song would run like this, to the
tune of "Bonny Doon:"
Let North America be first
In our descriptive rhyme rehearsed.
Its northern bound the arctlo waves.
Its east the Atlantlo ocean laves.
The gulf of Mexico we see
Upon its southern boundary.
Its western and southwestern sides
Are washed by the Paciflo tides.
The geographical verses were con
tained in the pupils' text book called
"The Key to Pelton's New and Im
proved Series of Outline Maps."
Among other things the following Is
found in the preface of one of these
old time volumes:
"With respect to the versification, it
Is merelyfcecesssry to say that the de
sign has been to put nil the important
geographical localities on the globe. In
connection with much valuable matter,
In a form which can be most easily
Committed to memory, and It Is confi
dently believed that the exhilarating
effect of harmonious sounds will great
ly facilitate the acquisition of this
knowledge, and care has been taken
that none but popular and approved
airs be inserted in the work."
"Auld Lang Syne" appears to have
been regarded as an especially "pop
ular and approved" air and was often
used. In the very first lesson the pu
pils were taught to describe the earth
by singing the following to this tune:
The earth is a large ball or globe
Whose surface has been found
Three-fourths with ocean waves sub
merged ' And but one-fourth dry ground.
Two hundred millions of square miles
Earth's surface does embrace.
Eight hundred million people here
All find a dwelling place.
Tongue twisting names did not em
barrass the geographical versifier, al
though the enunciation of all the pu
pils probably was not perfect when,
for example, in the lesson on Asia
they sang to the air of "Brace's Ad
dress" such lines as these;
Now In 'modulations sweet
Asia's rivers we repeat.
Obi first In Russia greet,
Irtish river next.
'- Lost In sand behold Helmund,
Then northward seek Tarkund;
Be not turbid Oxus shunned;
81hon river see.
Ural river next In place,
Attruck and Koor river trace;
Klzll Irmak then embrace
In our melody.
There were thirty-one states hi the
Union when singing geography was in
vogue, and the pupils were taught to
bound each of them in verse. Cali
fornia was then the newest state, hav
ing been admitted in 1850; was the last
on the list, and Its boundaries were
thus defined:
On California's northern side vast Oregon
Is placed,
Both Utah and New Mexico upon the east
. are traced,
Cpon Its southern borders next may Mex
ico be found.
And broad Pacific's sparkling waves com
, pose Its western bound.
In thirty-four stanzas set. to the
tone of "Bonny Doon" the geography
class would make a tour of Europe
end glean bits of information about
various -countries' and cities visited.
The tour would utart in this fashion:
Now be our geographic rhymes
Transferred to European climes.
The grand divisions first we teach
With the metropolis of each.
' Norway, a region bleak and cold.
By Chrlstianla Is controlled.
' Sweden, that Charles the hero bred.
Takes Stockholm for Its chief and head.
Russia in proud expansion sits
And to St. Petersburg submits.
Austria, with its imperial crown,
Vienna takes for its chief town.
Turkey, in southern Europe placed,
Is by Constantinople graced.
Greece, once for arts and arms re
nowned. With glorious Athens still is crowned.
Thus the geography pupils sang on
through the list of European nations
and capitals. New York, Sun.
Enlivened the Play.
"Monte Cristo" was playing to a
crowded bouse In a New York theater.
In a box sat a man who had looked on
the wine when it was red. When
Monte mounted the rock in the sea
and exclaimed, 'The world is mine!"
the man in the box shouted, "What'll
jon take for Hoboken?" Brooklyn
Life. . .
Gilence is a figure of speech, unan
swerable, short, , cold, but terribly se
vere. rcrker.
A' CHINESE WEDDING.
At Solemn as a Funeral, With the We
man All Weeping.
A Chinese marriage Is all ceremony i
no talk, no levity and much crying
The solemnity of a funeral prevails.
After the exchange of.pi-esenis the
bride is dressed with much cure in a
red gown, brocade ot silk If she can
get It; her eyelashes are painted a deep
black, and she wears a heavy ri'd veil
attached to a scarlet headdress, front
which imitation pearls are pendent
over the forehead.
A feast is spread upon n table, to
which the blushing bride Is led by five
of ber best female friends. They 'are
seated at the table, but uo one eats.
The utmost silence prevails, when titial
ly the mother lends off In a cry, the
maids follow, and I he bride echoes In
the chorus. Then all the bridesmaids
leave the table, and the disconsolate
mother takes a seat beside the chair
of state where the bride sits.
The bridegroom now enters, with
four of bis best mm. The men pick
up the throne on which the bride sits
and, preceded by the bridegroom, form
In procession and walk around the
room or Into an adjoining parlor, sig
nifying that he is carrying her away
to his own home. The guests then
throw rice at the happy couple, a cus
tom we have borrowed from the heath
en. St James' Gazette.
CHESTJOTES.
Varying 8ounds That May Be Heard
Through the 8tethoscope. .
The doctor bears some curious noises
when be places the stethoscope against
your chest When the lungs are In a
healthy condition the medical gentle
man bears a pleasant, breezy sound,
soft In tone, as you draw In the breath
and expel it Should the instrument
convey to bis ear a gurgling or bub
bling sound be makes a mental note of
the fact that you are in what Is known
as the moist stage of bronchitis, lu
the dry stage of the same complaint
the sound is a whistling, wheezy one.
One of the signs of pneumonia is the
crackling note that comes through the
stethoscope. It Is not unlike the sound
that can be beard when your finger
and thumb have touched a sticky sub
stance and you first place them to
gether and then part them, holding
them close to your ear.
Doctors occasionally hear a dripping
sound, and that indicates that air and
water have got into some part of the
chest where they have no right to be.
Blow across a bottle, and you will pro
duce a sound which is actually to be
heard in your chest It is caused In
the same way that is, by air passing
over a cavity. v
Filipino Buglers.
"Speaking of buglers." says Boat
swain .luraschkn In his article, "Cup-"
tured by Killplnos." lu Wide World
Magazine. "It astonished me to find
that the Insurgents had so. ninny bu
glers and that many of them were of
the best. They knew ull our army
calls, although they did not know their
significance. I was often asked the
meaning of various calls and was care
ful to give them any but the proper
one. One Insurgent colonel asked ine
what call was sounded as the retreat
from the charge. I told biin that we
had no such call, but that fne charge
once sounded. American soldiers and
sailors went through or never came
back. Ho was very much Interested
and with good reasou. as be bad just
escaped from the attack of our men Ht
Iloilo and could well believe it He
said that -charging was unfair that
both sides should simply snipe at each
other."
So He Would.
A little country girl visited city rela
tives who dwelt in a fiat - Her visit
lasted two weeks, and all of the time
they were warning ber not to make so
much noise, not to run across the
street and not to waken the people In
the adjoining flats. In fact, they were
constantly .curtailing .. her freedom.
When she got borne she told ber papa
she never wanted to go to the city
again, and be said:
"Yon must have had a hard time of
It. You do look hollow eyed."
"Well, papa." she said, "if you bad
folks hollerin' at you all the time you'd
look holler eyed too." Pittsburg Dis
patch. ' '
Not Ambiguous at All- .
In one of England's elections a can
didate for parliament the late Lord
Bath, called attention to himself by
means of a donkey, over whose back
two panniers were slung bearing a
ribbon band on which was printed
"Vote For Papa." It must be added,
however, .that in each pannier stood
one of Lord Bath's daughters.
Sightseeing.
On a visit to bis grandmother Harry
examined ber handsome furniture with
Interest and then asked. "Grandma,
where is the miserable table that papa
says you always keep?" Success Mag
azine. An Extremist.
A London bookseller recently re
ceived this order from a customer:
"Please forward me a copy of Tenny
son's poems, fi uot send one bound
in calf, however, because I am a vege
tarian." Good Reason.
"Here's the doctor again, miss. Don't
you think be comes more often than
he needs to?"
"It all depends. He may be very
poor. Marie."- Frou-Frou.
' Thiult not that thy word and thin
lone must be right Sophocles.
THE MIRROR TONIC. "
When a Peek Into a Hand Glass May
.' Help a Patient.
The looking glass, whether a plus or
a minus quantity, plays a more impor
tant purt In the sickroom than most
jiurses und pbyslcluns give It credit
for.
"All things considered. I think It a
good plan -. to give -j sick person a
chance to look ut b'uself occasional
ly," suld a prominent doctor recently
"Of1 course the Indulgence must be
granted with discretion, if a patient
is really looking seedy a turn at Hie
looking glass is equivalent to signing
his death warrant, but if taken at a
time when braced up by some stimu
lant or a nutural ebullition of vital
force a few minutes of communion
with bis own visage beats any tonic
I can prescribe. It thrills the patient
with new hope. It makes him feel
tbat-he isn't quite so far gone as be
has thought and that possibly a fight
for life Is, after all, worth while. Be
ing thus sensitive, a persistent with
holding of a mirror convinces the pa
tient that he must be too horrible for
contemplation, and he promptly de
cides that the best thing for him to
do is to give ujrthe ghost and get out
of the way. 1
'That is one of the mistakes hos
pitals were apt to make up to a few
years ago. When I was a ytung fel
low getting my first practice after
graduation I served on the staff of
several hospitals, and In all, especially
in the free wards, those aids to vanity
were strictly forbidden." Cleveland
Plain Dealer. . .
THE TIPPING HABIT.
It Was Worse In the Eighteenth Cen
tury Than It Is Now,
The tipping bnblt Is bud enough now
adays, but in the eighteenth century it
was a greater evil than it is at the
present time. A writer In the Corn
bill Magazine tells some stories to il
lustrate the old condition of things.
In Edinburgh In 1700 tipping became
such an evil that the Society of Clerks
enacted that all servants should ,be
forblddeu to take tips and members
be forbidden to give them. This ex
ample was followed by other clubs and
societies. Today there Is a rule In
most clubs against feeing the sen-ants.
An eccentric Irish gentleman. Lord
Taaffe, used to attend bis guests to
the door, and if they offered any motl
ey to the servants who were lined up
with the guests' baggage the host
would say, "If you give, give it me.
for it was I that did buy the dinner."
A well known colonel while sitting
at dinner inquired tbte names of the
host's servants. "For," said he, "1
cannot pay them for such a good din
ner, but I should like to remember
them In my will."
Another eccentric gentleman after
patiently redeeming bis hat, 'sword.
cane and cloak to the very, bottom f
his purse turned to the two remain
ing servants who were waiting uline
qulously, each with a glove, and suit!
affubly: "Keep those I will not trou
ble to buy them back. They ure old
and not worth a shilling."
A King's Trick.
King (Jitstavus ill. of Snvdcn hud
been frequently Invited to the Utile
court ot Scliweriu. in 1THI1 he paid a
visit to Germany, and as soon as the
Duchess of Mecklenburg beard of Ins
approach she prepared fetes 111 111
honor. But tiusjavus. who' disdained
the petty courts of the small rulers,
sent two of his attendants a pap'
named I'eyroti and Desvouges. a valet
who had formerly been au actor -to
be entertained by the,, duchess. Tin
two personated the king and his min
ister, Baron Sparre, and sustained Hie
characters throughout. They accept
ed as their due all the homage uiennl
for their master, duueed with l lie
Mecklenburg ladles who were present
ed to them, and i'eyron went so far
as to ask one of the ladles for her por
trait. Meantime Qustavus was enjoy
lng himself elsewhere in secret
Riohmond Castle.
Richmond castle was originally one
of the strongest of Norman keeps. It
was probably founded by Alan Bufus.
one of the sons of the Duke of Brit
tany, who took a prominent part In
the suppression of the Saxons. .At a
later age the castle passed into the
nossession of Edmund Tudor, who
married Margaret Beaufort and be
came the father of Henry VII. Henry
was born Earl of Richmond, and he
bestowed the title upon the magnlil
cent palace which when king of Eng
land be built npon the hanks of the
Thames. Thus the Richmond beloved
of cockneys has a comparatively mod
ern origin. The curfew, by the way
is still rung from the tower of Ilich
mond castle at 6 a. tn. and 8 p. m.. t
custom "that has continued ever since
the time of William the Conquerqr."
London Globe.
Gam In Manchuria.
Tbe long haired tiger Is found
throughout Manchuria wherever then
is billy country, but is never found mi
tbe plains. It is extremely dilli
cult to bag and Is by no men us nu
merous. In addition to tiger the fm
lowing gnme may be found Id Man
churia: Bear (block .and brown), wupi
tl. Sika deer ttwo speclesi, roedeer.
serow, wild pig, leopard and lynx. All.
however, are scarce and bard to bag
with tbe exception of roedeer and pig.
London Field.
v It All Depends.
Teacber-Now. boys, here's a little
example in mental arithmetic. How
old would a person be who was born
In 1875? Inpll Please, teacher, was
it a man or a woman ? Loudon Gen
tlowoman ... ...
Why Hindoos Don't Go Mad.
Why are there so few lunatic asy
lums and so small a proportion of tn- :
sane persons in India? That is a ques
tion which many n traveler has wan- j
4n.llM aarnA Tim I T 1 1 1 itltnQ fl CI 1 1 11 f O
11,.. tlllj 11 .T 1 I. ,1 . 4 111. lAll.vuv.B - V
their lives entirely In accordance with
their religion that is, their working,
eating, sleeping, as well as what we
usually regard as our "life" In tbe re
ligious sense of the Word. Everything
Is arranged for them, and they follow
the rules uow Just ns they did 2,000
years ago. This constant observance
of the same rules for twenty centuries 1
bas molded the brains of the race Into
one shape, as it were, and, although
their rites are queer enough, yet thefe
Is but an occasional example of that
striking doviation rrom tne conning
which Is called insanity In countnfos j
Inhabited by the white race. They(are ,
fatalists too. Will) them It Is la case;
of "whot Is to be will be" carried to
the extreme. This has in time given
them the power to take all things
calmly and so freed them from tbe
anxiety that drives so many white
men into the lunntlc asylums. i
' Thought It Was the Monkey's.
A diamond necklace - was possessed
by Mine. Geoffrey de St Hllare, the
wife of the famous French naturalist
It was one of the chlefest of her "con
tentments," as Hindoo women aptly
term their jewels. One day madame
missed her necklace. There was a ter
rible turmoil in tbe bouse, and all the
servants down to the foolish fat scul
lion were suspected, but in turn proved
their Innocence. At last It was remem
bered that M. de St Hllatre bad a pet
monkey, and on a search being made
In the "glory hole" of tbe quadrumane
the precious bauble was discovered bid
den away with a white satin shoe, sev
eral cigar ends, a pencil case and a de
composed apple. Tbe renowned nat
uralist calmly observed triat be bad
frequently seen tbe monkey playing
with tbe necklace. "Why did you not
take It from him?" Indignantly asked
his spouse. "I thought It belonged to
him," replied M. de St HUalre. He ev
idently thought there was nothing un
natural In an ape possessing a diamond
necklace as his personal property.
The Monasteries of Tibet .
Every Tibetan family is compelled
to devote its firstborn male child to a
monastic life. Soon after his birth
the child is taken to a Buddhist mon
astery to be brought up and trained in
priestly mysteries. At about tbe age
of eight be Joins one of the caravans
which travel to Lassa. There he Is at
tached to one of tbe local monasteries,
where he remains as a novice until he
Is fifteen, learning to read, tbe sacred
books and perform tbe religious rites
of his faith. Tbe firstborn son, being
thus sent into the church, as we
should say in this country, tbe second
becomes the head of the family
and marries. ; Unlike some other seml
clvlllzed races, these young Tibetans
have tbe right of choosing their own
"tvs. Nor csn a Tibetan wtrl be
laarncd off by ner parents witnout uer
own consent The curious custom lu
regard to the eldest sons results of
course. In nearly every Tibetan family
acquiring the odor of sanctity, num
bering a monk among Its members
London Telegraph. x
Slow but Inexorable Justice.
In October, 1900, Pictro Glaconi and
Marie Bonelll were tried at Rome on
a charge of sextuple murder by poi
soning committed thirty-one years be
fore. In England Eugene Aram was
hanged for the murder of Clarke four
teen years after the offense. A man
named Home was executed for tbe
murder of his child in the eighteenth
century no loss than thirty-five years
after tbe offense. There is also the
well known case of Governor Wall,
who was executed in 1802 for a mur
der committed in 1782. Sherward was
hanged at Norwich for tbe murder of
his wife after a lapse of twenty years.
But Sir FItzJames Stephens recalls
what Is the most remarkable case of
all. He prosecuted as counsel for tbe
crown In 18G3 a man who was charged
with stealing a leaf from a parish reg
ister sixty years before that is. in
1803. In this case tbe prisoner was
acquitted. London Standard.
Prohibited Coffee Houses.
So many coffee ' house sprang into
existence in England during the reign
of Charles IL that he, entertaining a
belief that many political intrigues had
their beginning In those places, issued
an edict ordering them to be closed.
In this proclamation the following
words occurred: "The retailing of cof
fee or tea might be an innocent trade,
but it was said to nourish sedition,
spread lies, and scandalize great men.
It might also be a common nuisance."
Conceited.
Phyllis Harry Is the most conceited
man I ever met Maud What makes
you think so? Phyllis Why, he first
asserts that I am the most adorable
woman In the world, the most beauti
ful, Intellectual and In every respect a
paragon, and then he wants roe to
marry blm! '
Life. -
It has been said that life Is made up I
of three things heredity, environment i
and the will. If the heredity and en- !
vlronment of the child are what they !
should be tbe will will choose the right -and
do It
Couldn't Help It. -Mr.
Biggs You must think me a
blamed fool. Mrs. Biggs (kindly) No,
I don't think anybody ever blamed .
you. Boston Transcript
Men of loftier1 mind manifest them,-
selves in ' their equitable dealings, i
small minded men in their going after
gain. Confucius.
CONSIDER THE
DVANTAGES
JUGHES & FLEMING.
PJNERAL DIRECTORS,
MalnS'reet. Reynoldsvllle, Pa
If you have anything to sell, try
our Want Column.
isi rme-BHisiinu. f vjjiT TVBkaT lr a. i !l
Will not melt, rot. tear or corrode. B M V ML MLmJJk
Contains no tar, oil or paper. R'sf Am 1
Outlasts metal and shingles." fl V if IS TllO OHIV M
Pliable-can be easily fitted Into cutters, k I V - . sr t'J
valleys, etc., thereby saving expense V I fl -autl mTil I t
ot tig and copper. V V 1 VW I If 1
Any handy man can apply Ruberold VI JaJsUaVVdr m mmjm J
Lengthens the life of any building-. V jf
Writi far frlctt and tamflii. fllk ftAr 1 W sTT
Woodwork Supply Co. MMaClllnSl
- ;ReynoldsviIIe, Pa. W fc-- vr 1
km 1 Just Thlnh of it? 3
GUARANTEED
ALL WOOL -rV::?;S;Tr
-1 .m 1 v
Bing-Stoke Go.
Reynold
A thin, paie ou. Hign real viscosity no ticuttous ooay.
Retains its lubricating powers at high temperatures. The
best oil for either air or water-cooled cars.
"Perfect Lubrication Without Carbon Deposit"
Jfsk your tUaUr a Mai will convince.
WAVERLY OIL WORKS CO., PITTSBURG. PA.
Indopemdant
What Nature's Herbs is
It if not, romt. pi'l (ihit u have rpad about so much In tbe papers) to
keep a o 'le-iial bod from ki.ooklug you off the earth. There is no external
forco about It, that cm psihlv rt i you any harm; but there is an internal force
that will knock nil tli- ioi-i.u f ya blood, aches and paios ou of your body
and stiffntPh and nirnifn out iA our joints and muscles; v 111 aleo put you in
splendid o:ndivon fn .h.-noming hut weather, through the summer months.
Take a triMiuni'nv now mid 'hnn, and you will feel good all summer. For sale by
t'ie druggls'ta, Reynoldsvllle, A.-Carlson'S store, frescottviile, and JOSEPH
Batkson. li it.hmi'1, Pa.
I m
l
Northampton Hard Vein
' Roofing Slate
A superior product, doe9 not absorb moisture, is unchangeable
in color and does not fade, rust or decompose.
A roof of Hard Vein Slate needs no repair. Sold by
THE WOODWORK SUPPLY COMPANY
REYNOLDS VILLE, PA.
OF c J
Thi fail Sewing Mschlne Is In-,
eured for fire vesrs aninst accident
breakage, wear, fire, tornado, light- y
ning and water. This shows our
faith h
CPFREE
SewlngMachine
ThlnK wtiaj this means 1
II num. Bvml If res smk la wkots aschiM
of .or ut (aitle, atlt, of sttseamtst, sk.)
l!lUkitilts4rM vltbaitcbut.
Unnhaa JO. I? I a miner
Reynoldsvllle, Pa. . H
Don't Wait for Wear
to Decide.
whether your clothes will hold
shape and always look well.
Know now that they
will always keep their
fresh bought smartness
and style.
You c a n w i t h
Clothcraft.
The Clothcraft guar
antee makes you sure
before you wear them
that Clothcraft clotheB
are pure wool arid will
hold shape and sty;le.
to the end.
And these insured
clothes cost you no
more than the take-a-chance
kind $10 to
$25.
Why not be on
the safe side?
sville, Pa.
Oil Retflnara.