BY THE SEA.
BT BALLY BRUCS KINSOLTIKO.
When to the restless sea mine eyes I turn
My spirit sigheth oft (or mountain rills,
Tall pine that sentinel, deep delta of fern,
And peaceful sunsets over quiet bills.
Amid untrammeled days of listening youth
The ocean's vast unceasing turbulence
The pulses stirred, and of Clod's might and truth
Awakened in the soul a deeper sense.
But in the tide and current of the world,
Amid its cares, its fears, its restlessness.
The lash or moan of wnves forever whirled
Yields but an echo of life's painful stress.
No longer need I witness of God's might
In nature's power nor in her length of lease,
But from the crest of some far lonely height
I fain would seek the whisper of Ilia peace.
From the American Magazine.
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'. "Three cheers!" cried Kitty Gray,
rushing Into the morning room, wav
ing a letter excitedly In the air.
"Three cheers! They're coming! "
To her surprise three gloomy coun
tenances greeted her advent.
"Coming!" echoed Eunice, the eld
est of the family. "It's Just our luck."
Mary and Isabel nodded their heads
In sad acquiescense.
"What on earth is the matter?" ex
claimed Kitty. "I go out immediately
after breakfast and leave you all In
the best of spirits. I come home at
12 o'clock and you all look as though
the world had come to an end."
"Cook's mother Is 111," Eunice said
In mournful tones, "and she has. gone
oft at an hour's notice. On the top
of that"
"Good gracious! Is It possible for
still another catastrophe to have
taken place in three short hours?"
"It Is." Ennice's tones became
sepulchral. "The doctor came to
see Sarah and said she was beginning
with ulceration ordered her away at
once; Mary took her to her own peo
ple straight away."
"What a fiasco!" exclaimed Kitty,
with a low whistle.
Eunice, as a rule, always reproved
her sister for this unladylike accom
plishment, but in the family crisis
the let It pass.
I 'And now you come In with the
proverbial last straw," said Isabel.
"You say they're coming."
Kitty rested her chin on her hands
and gazed into space.
"There must be some way out of
the difficulty," she said.
The others shook their heads
doubtfully.
-vvnat aDout Mrs. SKue?" suggest
ed Kitty.
"Her legs are bad and she can't
walk."
"Bother! Then there Is Eliza Ann
Browning."
"Eliza Ann has gone to work at
Dr. Watson's for a fortnight. It's no
use, Kitty; we've gone over the whole
village, and there Isn't a soul who
can come to our relief."
"Oh, why are they coming?"
moaned Isabel. "It only they had
refused. Are they all coming?"
"All of thom," Kitty assured her,
remorselessly. "Colonel Gerard, Mrs.
Gerard, Miss Gerard, Miss Emily Ger
ard and Mr. Edward Gerard."
The girls looked at each other In
dismay. Five people to dinner the
next evening, and both their maids
snatched away from them at the last
moment.
"Listen to me," said Kitty, after a
few Minutes' silence. "There's one
way, and only one. We must do all
Ihe cooking ourselves In the morning,
have things that simply need warm
ing up at the last moment, pigeon
pies, and that kind of thing. And I
will answer the door and wait at
table."
"You?" They gazed at her In as
tonishment. "Even so. In the first place the
Gerards scarcely know me. Don't
you remember when we first got to
know them In the hotel at Brussels
I was a martyr to toothache? For
three days I was Invisible, and then
t only appeared with a swollen face
and a shawl carefully arranged over
It. In the second place I traveled
home with Aunt Jane by a different
route, so that when you met the
Gerards for the second time at Roch
fort, I wasn't with you at all. In the
third place, I am exactly Sarah's
height and can wear her black dreBs
easily. She won't send for her things
for a few days at all events."
The three girls looked at her
breathlessly.
"Kitty," said Isabel at last, "you're
a brick. I believe we- shall manage
splendidly after all."
Eunice looked doubtful, but finally
gave in. She had a shrewd suspicion
that young Gerard was in love with
her, and was anxious for the evening
to pass off well.
"Let's go and see mother," cried
Kitty. "I know she'll consent."
Mrs. Gray had been as great a tom
boy as her youngest daughter In her
day, and after resisting the Idea for
form's sake, she finally gave in, and
entered into the scheme with a good
deal of sest. '
"There's one blessing," Kitty said
to Mary, when they were in their bed
room that night, "Mr. Nelson, that
friend of Mr. Edgar Gerard's, isn't
staying with them, evidently. He
told me, when Aunt Jane and I came
5i:ro8s him in Brussels, after you left,
tat he was coming over to England
hon the Gerards did. He would
iv known me again at once."
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"You saw a good deal of him?"
"H'm a fair amount."
Kitty let her hair down, and pro
ceeded to brush it vigorously.
"Why, you're blushing!" exclaimed
Mary.
"Stuff!" retorted Kitty.
The next morning the girls turned
to with a will. The odor of savory
cooking smote the nostrils of every
passer-by. Isabel, who was artistic,
undertook the decoration of the table,
and succeeded admirably. The girls
flew about everywhere, laughing and
joking. Mr. Gray withdrew Into his
study in high disgust. v
"I should have them put off," he
remarked to his wife over lunch.
"Oh, nonsense,"she retorted, glanc
ing at Eunice. Mrs. Gray remem
bered the days of her own youth.
Kitty rehearsed her duties till she
PAPER-ITS PRESENT AND
LL the wisdom of the pn.t,
generations of men through
But to what agency do we
estate trom being scattered to the tour winds oi neavenr . . . ine peoples oi me earcn were increas
ing rapidly; they were advanced in the arts and sciences and in the experiences that inspire thought, poetry, and
philosophy; they had a heritage of knowledge to which they were constantly adding, while business transactions,
together with other deeds woithy of record, had greatly multiplied. . . . The sands in the hour-glass were be
ginning to run golden; time was taken on a value unknown before. A deed of land written in clay and put away
to bake might answer the purpose when real-estate transfers were infrequent and attended with much ceremony.
. . . What was to take the place of the old and cumbersome materials? Even at a very early date men were
asking this question, and it was the good fortune of Egypt to be able to give answer. Along the marshy banks of
the Nile grew a graceful water-plant, now almost extinct, which was peculiarly fitted to meet the new demands.
The discovery of its value led to an extensive industry, through which the land of the Pharaohs was enabled to take
high rank in' letters and learning, and to maintain a position of wealth, dignity, power and influence that other
wise would have been impossible, even in thoseremote days when printing was still many centuries beyond the
thoughts or dreams of men. From "The Story of Taper-Making," by courteay of J. W. Butler Paper Co., Chicago.
felt fairly certain she should escape
detection. She even imitated the ab
sent Sarah's voice to the best ot her
ability.
"You'll think I'm Sarah herself,"
she told hr sisters when they went
upstairs to dress.
"You don't look like her," retorted
Mary.
In truth, Kitty made a far more at
tractive housemaid than Sarah. All
the Gray girls were pretty, but Kitty
was by far the prettiest.
"Never mind my looks," retorted
Kitty. "I mean to do my work well,
at all events."
The family assembled in the draw
ing room at five minutes to 7, and
awaited their guests with considera
ble nervousness. Mrs. Gray had a
firm conviction that the pastry would
be tough and the soup too salt.
The trout door bell rang and Kitty
started to her feet.
"Now for it," she said, and ran
out of the room.
She opened the front door with a
flourish.
. Mrs. Gerard and the two Miss Ger
ards swept past her. Then came Col
onel Gerard, then Mr. Edgar Gerard,
and then Kitty's heart nearly
stopped beating Harry Nelson.
For one awful moment Kitty stood
as though she had been turned- to
stone. Then she thought of her fam
ily waiting in the drawing room, and
counting on her loyalty. She closed
the front door firmly and helped the
ladies off with their cloaks. Her
knees trembled under her, and she
kept her face turned away from
Harry Nelson as much as possible.
"This way, mum," she said, In
Sarah's strident tones, and led the
way to the drawing room. She heard
a gasp behind her, but she went firm
ly on and threw open the door.
"Colonel and Mrs. Gerard, the
Misses Gerard "
"Miss Kitty," said a voice in her
ear. Nelson had paused for a mo
ment as the others liied In.
"Not a word," she almost hissed
at him. "I'll explain after."
Harry Nelson walked Into- the room
with a dazed expression on his coun
tenance. '.
' ' Kitty nearly closed the door after
him but not- quite. Then she
listened with all her might at the
chink.
"We've taken the liberty ot bring
ing an unexpected guest," Mrs. Ger
ard said. ,"Mr. Nelson arrived from
London two days before we expected
him, so we brought him' here, and
felt sure you would forgive us "
"Delighted," declared Mrs. Gray.
Nelson bowed with an air of ner
vousness which hardly did him credit
His usual self-possession had left him
for the time being.
"Is this your first visit to Emslin,
Mr. Nelson?" asked Mary, after he
had trodden on her dress and rtpol
oglzed Incoherently.
"Eh yes I believe so. I'm not
quite sure."
"The man Is mentally afflicted,
Mary declared to herself. Then the
reason dawned on her and she went
hot all over. He muBt have recog
nized Kitty! She glanced at Isabel
and Eunice; they were quite calm
and collected. She, Mary, was Kitty's
particular confidante. Fortunately
the others had never heard her talk
about that meeting with Mr. Nelson
in Brussels and his kindness to them.
Kitty meantime sped away to the
kitchen to dish up the soup. Five
minutes later she threw open the
drawing room door.
"Dinner is served," she announced
in Sarah's voice.
Nelson got into the dining room In
some manner, how, he never knew,
and watched the housemaid whip the
cover dexterously off the soup tureen
with a look of blank amazement.
Edgar Gerard looked at him and
smiled to himself.
"Nelson Is smitten with the pretty
housemaid," he whispered to his sis
ter, who waa on his left.
Miss Gerard laughed and gazed at
Kitty through her eyeglasses. Edgar
looked at Eunice and thought her
the most charming girl he had ever
met.
The dinner passed oft successfully.
Kitty waited well, though there was
a tremor in her voice when she said
to Nelson:
"Cold pudding or hot, sir?"
Nelson in the hurry of the moment
answered, "Both."
When Bhe had put the desert on
the table, Kitty drew a breath of re
lief and rushed oft to the kitchen to
sit down and recover herself. She
wondered how on earth she had man
aged as well as she had with Nelson's
eyes on her all the time. She had
promised to explain it all to him, but
that could be left to the future. The
great thing was to keep him .quiet
for the reBt of the evening She
tore a strip of paper from a house-
ITS
garnered by patient toil and effort, all the
alternating defeat and triumph, belongs to us by right ot inheritance. . . .
owe the preservation of our inheritance? What conservator has kept our rich
hold diary hanging on the wall and
scrawled a few words:
"Please don't look so astonished,
the Gerards will notice it. Don't be
tray me whatever you do."
She foldeH It up into a small com
pass, and then proceeded to make the
coffee. Coffee making was not one ot
her strong points; the result was a
very weak and insipid fluid of a .pale
fawn color. Nevertheless she bore It
off in triumph to the drawing room
and handed it round with perfect
self-possession. Into Nelson's saucer
as she handed him his coffee she
slipped the twisted piece of paper.
As she went out of the room she en
countered Isabel's eyes. She had
taken one sip of the coffee, and was
evidently struggling with suppressed
laughter. The ludicrous side of the
whole situation suddenly overcame
Kitty and she had barely time to close
the drawing room door before she be
gan to laugh. Safely back In the
kitchen she sat down on a chair and
laughed till the .ears ran down her
cheeks.
"It's a lovely Joke," she gasped.
"Isabel's face was a study."
There was a knock at the kitchen
door. Kitty wiped her eyes and called,
"Come in."
"May I?" The door opened and
Nelson walked in.
Kitty started to her feet and
flushed crimson.
"How how dare you?" she cried.
"And what will the others think?"
"Nothing at all. The men are out
in the garden admiring the flowers.
I gave them the slip and came to you.
I was always fond of pretty house
maids." She twisted the corner of her apron
and looked down In mock humility.
He took a step forward. "You are
adorable," he cried.
"No, no," she said. "You mustn't,"
"Mustn't I? Well, explain this mys
tery to me. Miss Kitty."
She told him the whole story, and
Nelson laughed heartily.
"Oh, hush!" she cried, holding up
her finger. "They'll hear you In the
drawing room."
"Never mind if they do."
"But I do mind. I'm the house
maid for the rest ot the evening, and
you mustn't give me away."
"Very well. I'll be m good as
gold. I suppose you haven't thought
yet of the answer to the question I
asked you in Brussels?"
Kitty began to twist the corner of
her apron again. .
"I'll tell you some other time," she
said under her breath.
"No, no, tell me now. I've waited
patiently tor three months, haven't
I?"
The drawing room bell rang vio
lently. "That means they are rtady far dm
to light the lamps," cried Kitty, glad
ot the diversion.
Nelson came near to her and took
hold ot her hands. "You have time
to say 'Yes' or 'No' before you light
the lamps," he said, gravely.
The blood flamed into her cheeks.
Then her irrepressible spirits came to
her rescue. She dropped a curtesy,
"Yes, sir. Thank ye kindly, sir."
"Darling!" Nelson seized her In
his arms.
The drawing room bell rang again.
"They think I didn't hear the last
ring," murmured Kitty. "I must see
to the lamps and you positively must
Join the others."
When it was all over and the girls
were going up to bed, Eunice laughed
and said: "Our funny dinner party
has passed off capitally. And I have
some news for you."
"We can guess," cried Mary. "Ed
gar Gerard said, 'Will you?' In the
conservatory this evening, and you
said, 'Yes, thank you.' "
Eunice blushed and nodded her
head.
"You see," said Mary, when Bhe
and Kitty were In their own room,
"our dinner party has resulted in an
engagement In spite of the servant
difficulty."
When Bhe was in bed Kitty mur
mured to her pillow: "Our funny
dinner party has passed oft success
fully. And it has resulted in two en
gagements!" London Sunday-School
Times. -
A French Journal announces the
discovery of a new method of pre
serving eggs. It consists in covering
them (not too thickly) with lard.
This stops up the pores, prevents
evaporation and keeps out the air.
Experiments have recently been
made with an inflammable paste on
FUTURE.
5 5E5aSE5aE525H5E5EH25?Sara?n
wealth of experience gained by
From the Printing Art Sample Book.
bullets. ' When the bullet leaves the
muzzle the paste Ignites, leaving a
stream of smoke behind it, and enabl
ing the marksman to watch its course
and, if necessary, correct his aim for
the next shot.
Glass is made irridescent by being
exposed, in a red hot condition, to the
fumes of salts of tin, barium and
strontium. Red le produced by the
strontla, blue by the baryta and blu
ish white by the tin. In ancient glass,
which is more opaque, irridesdence
was due to partial decay.
The skin of the men and women ot
some nations is much thicker than
that of others, particularly in hot
countries. The Central African negro
has a skin about half as thick again
as that of a European. That of a
negro is thickest over the head and
back, evidently to form a protection
from the sun.
Recently M. J. Thovert reported to
the French Academy ot Sciences the
results of experiments made to de
termine the possibility of reducing
the heat evolved by nltro-exploslves
to such a degree as to prevent the
combustion of the carbon monoxide
abounding in the air of many mines.
It was found that the addition of al
kaline salts had this most desirable
effect. The detonation of the explo
sives thus treated was not accompa
nied by inflammation of the sur
rounding atmospheric gases.
It has often been suggested that
the brilliance of the sun's disk is due
to incandescent particles of carbon,
and within a few years past the pres
ence of carbon in the sun has been
demonstrated by the spectroscope.
Lately Professor Morton, attached
to the Naval Observatory at Washing
ton, has shown that there is a thin
layer ot carbon in the lower part of
the sun's atmosphere. It surrounds
the solar globe like a luminous shell,
and, under normal conditions, is prob
ably not more than 600 miles above
the sun's surface. But when an
eruption takes place from beneath
the carbon layer, like all the other
constituents of the solar atmosphere,
is broken up and locally dlspened by
the tremendous agitation.
Diamonds.
Why are diamonds expensive, be
ing merely dust and ashes? Because
women love them. And why do wo
men love them? Because they are
expensive and useless. London
Chronicle.
Josh Wise Philosophise.
"A gal don't generally think a man
Is In love with her unless he threat
ens t' commit suicide U she refuses
him."
AN EVENTFUL CRUISE.
Captain John Willard Russell,
mariner, of Bristol, Rhode Island,
achieved no great distinction in the
annals of his time, but he was one
of a great company of undaunted
Americans who braved such perils as
have long since vanished from the
seas to play a part in building a
mighty commerce for a young na
tion. In editing Captain Russell's
letters, under the title "The Romance
of an Old Shipmaster," Mr. Ralph
D. Paine says that as a youth, in
1796, John Russell undertook a
Western Journey(jand Joined the pio
neers who were pushing on Into the
wilderness of Western New York and
Michigan. But he had not the bent
for land, and two years later he is
in Virginia, and embarking upon his
first voyage.
What were the risks our sailors
and merchants faced In the years
when the; French, In our unofficial
war with the "Terrible Republic,"
were cruelly harassing our feeble
marine, are pictured in the following
letters from John Russell to his fath
er: "Charleston, S. C.
"Dear and Respected Sir I think
It uncertain whether you have heard
anything from in since I left Vir
ginia in the month of August. I
then Informed you of the particulars
of my Southern Journey, and how, to
secure my own Debt, I was Induced
to take a share In a Brig and Cargo
bound to the West Indies. I sailed
soon after from the river Potomac,
bound to Cape Nicholas Mole the
Brig and Cargo worth eleven thou
sand dollars one-halt of which was
my own, and the remainder con
signed to me as super-cargo. After
being out fourteen days we were
taken by a French privateer myself
and a boy were put on board the pri
vateer without being allowed to take
any clothes with me.
"After being ten days on the Pri
vateer shelhavlng weakened herself
by manning prizes and having only
ten men on board I, with two other
prisoners and two boys, concerted a
plan to take possession of the priva
teer, in which we happily succeeded
and stood for Jamaica. But twelve
hours after we unfortunately fell In
with another French Privateer, of
large force, who, on sending their
boat on board, discovered our situa
tion, and soon turned the tables up
on us. I will not attempt to detail
the long series of cruel treatment
which succeeded.
"In three days I was landed and
closely confined at Petit Ance. When
I was liberated I had no clothes and
not a shilling.
"I took passage In a sloop hound
to Norfolk in Virginia, and came In
a packet to this-place. I have an of
fer to go to St.- Thomas, and expect
to sail to-day. You may rest as
sured, my Dear Father, that poor and
unfortunate as I am, your son has not
disgraced himself. No though en
tirely a Btranger here, I have re
ceived the countenance and friend
ship of some of the best men In the
place."
DOGS TRY TO EAT MAN.
Battling for forty hours against a
pack of hunger-maddened dogs on an
Ice pack oft the coast ot Labrador,
with the temperature ten degrees be
low zero and only a knife to defend
himself from being torn to pieces by
the brutes, is the thrilling experience
that Dr. Wilfred Grenfell, the cele
brated missionary-physician, recently
passed through. The story ot Dr.
Grenfell's escape from death Is told
by Captain W. Bartlett, ot the steam
er Strathcona, which has just arrived
at St. John's, N. F., from the north.
Captain Bartlett was with Commander
Peary on several of his expeditions
to the Arctic.
Dr. Grenfell had left Battle Har
bor, Labrador, to attend several pa
tients at another settlement, ten miles
distant, and was traveling over the
ice with a pack of dogs, when he
found himself driven off the coast by
a moving ice field. Before he realized
It he was in an area covered with
broken drift lea, and before he could
stop the dogs the animals had carried
him Into the water. The dogs at
tempted to climb oa Dr. Grenfell's
back, and he was obliged to fight the
before he was able to climb on to a
solid piece of drift ice. The dogs
also succeeded In saving themselves.
The wind was blowing a gale from
the northwest,, the temperature was
ten below zero, and night was at
hand. Taking oSt hi skin boots, Dr.
Grenfell cut thm In halves and
placed the pieces over his back and
chest to shield those parts of his
body from the blast. As the wind
and cold increased, when night came
on, he .jtermlned to kill three ot the
dogs to afford him more warmth and
to supply the other beasts with food,
fearing that, becoming hungry, they
would tear blm to pieces.
As It was, they attacked him sav
agely, and he was bitten terribly
about the hands and legs. The doctor
SBnt a trying night. He wrapped
himself up In the skins of the dead
dogs, but still found it so cold that he
repeatedly had to run about the Ice
to keep up the circulation. Hoping
that next day he would be in sight ot
land, though the ice was fast receding
from the shore, the doctor took the
legs of the dead dogs and, binding
them together, made a pole, to the top
ot which he attached a part of his
shirt to serve as a signal. This even
tually proved to .be his salvation, ai
the flag was seen by George Retd
and others of Locke's Cove, Mare Bay,
and they effected a rescue.
COYOTE HUNTING.
The wily coyote abounds In South
ern California, and, It not courage
pus, is always troublesome. At night
he leaves the foothills and sallies
forth to visit neighboring towns,
pass through the outskirts, and lurk
ing around back dooryards a veri
table scavenger. When alarmed, he
is alert, and easily outdistances the
fleetest common dog.
Occasionally he Is seen by the light
of the moon dashing away, with a
yelping laugh or cry, followed by a
halt score of dogs; and It Is said that
the coyote will at times allure the
dogs on until one is In the fore, then
turn and lead the victim to an am
bush, where several coyotes are lying
In wait. Seemingly at a signal they
will pitch upon him and send him
home, torn and bleeding, it not seri
ously Injured.
Almost every canyon In the range
Is the vantage ground of one or more
coyotes. As the sun rises they leave
the plains and make their ways to
the hills, where they sleep on the
soft grass, or lie on the ledges of rock
that overlook the ravines.
The coyote Is about the size ot a
setter dog, often smaller, with a
bushy, wolf-like tail, big, prominent
ears and an exceedingly odd expres
sion. A glance at the animal would
not convince one that it was adapted
by nature to remarkable bursts of
speed, yet such is one of the attri
butes of this singular creature.
The swiftest ot California dogs are
required to capture it, and then Mas
ter Coyote succumbs only after a
one or two mile run at race horse
speed not the run of a fox before
the hounds, but a chase where the
game is ever in sight, and the horses
are put to the utmost speed, as upon
the track. , No wonder, then, that the
coyote has attracted the attenlon of
the cross country rider, and is con
sidered game well worthy the best
mettle of horse and rider. Good
Literature.
PAIN CAUSED BY IMAGINATION.
A German surgeon in the Franco
Prussian War had occasion to lance
an abscess for a poor fellow, and, as
the sore was obstinate, it became nec
essary to use the knife twice. The
operation was not a very painful one,
but the patient declared that It had
nearly killed him, and when a third
resort to the lancet was proposed he
ptotested that he could never go
through the operation alive.
The surgeon promised to make It
easy for him, and, calling up a few
of the loungers, ordered one of them
to hold his hands close over the pa
tient's eyes and two others to grasp
his hands firmly.
"This arrangement," explained the
doctor, "is said to prevent pain In
such an. operation. Now lie perfectly
quiet, and when I say 'Now!' prepare
yourself."
The Burgeon at once began quietly
with his work, and In a short time
had completed the operation without
the least trouble, the patient lying
as though in sleep.
When all was done the surgeon laid
aside the knife and said, "Now!"
Such a roar came from the Hps of the
sick man as seldom is heard from any
human being. He struggled to free
himself, yelling, "Oh, doctor, you're
killing me!"
Shouts of laughtersoon drowned his
cries and he was told that the opera
tion had been all over before the slg- .
nal was given. It was a good joke,
but it is doubtful if the poor fellow
could ever be made to believe that he
did not feel actual pain immediately
after that fatal "Now! " Tit-Bits.
RUN OVER BY EXPRESS.
Nine coaches of an express train on
the Chicago and Northwestern Rail
road, running at forty miles an hour,
passed over Julia Welgle, two years
old, at Mayfalr, III., without harming
a hair of the baby's head. She tell
under the train in an effort to rescue
her Teddy bear.
The little girl toddled across the
tracks while playing near her home.
Between the rails she dropped her
Teddy bear. She allowed It to lie
where it had fallen, while she sat
down along the Embankment to gath
er dandelions. Suddenly she beard '
the Omaha express thundering to
ward her down the track. She
scrambled to her feet and started to
ward the track to rescue her play
thing. As she was within a foot of
the rail the train whizzed toward her.
The suction of the flying cars drew;
the child under the train. James
Lewis, the engine driver, leaning
from his locomotive cab, saw the
baby jerked under. He stopped bis
engine four blocks further on, leaped
to the ground and ran back. At the
spot where he expected to find the
body he saw the little one sitting in a
depression between the ties, the Ted
dy bear hugged tightly to her breast,
New York Telegram.
Ptolemaic Astronomy.
According to the Ptolemaic the
ory, the earth was the centre of the
universe, and was motionless. The
surrounding etheral region was com
posed ot eleven skies, or flraments,
wbleh revolved around the earth as a
common centre. , All the celestial
bodies moved around the earth. This
system lasted for more than eleven
hundred years, from about ZQO B. C.
to the time ot Copernicus. . ,