We OFFICERS AND SPEECH yVlA
1
COL. W. A. HARRIS ON SHORT
HORNS.
Col. Harris, ot Kansas, who Is one
of the best Informed men about Short
burn cattle. In a recent address, re
ferring to the Scotch and other types
of this brood said:
."The page of Slttyton, was an un
knowu young breeder away off In Scot
land. (There was a great war going
. on between the Booths and the Bates,
so thatVhe only thing left for him to
"Mo was to breed a class of bulls for
the famvra. He did this. He wanted
the farners to feel that they could
not affoit to do without the bulls
that he produced, and he did not care
for finish s much as he did for con
stitution. "This Is practical day. We have
to know tht cattle we produce will
.be a ' source'bf profit, or some other
breed will bechosen. We must build
up the cattleiand I do not think we
have a right to say the Shorthorn
bulls are all oa kind that will be of
profit to use. ve must concentrate
our efforts In V)S direction.
"The Angus, e Devons, the Short
horns are each Vuna n their partic
ular Bhlre of Enand, but there Is a
peculiar adaptable m the Shorthorn
breed. They Beta to adapt them
selves to almost y locality. They,
seem to grow to flithe surroundings.
The Shorthorns ai now spread all
over England. Tha WOuld seem to
thrive everywhere; g wonderful.
From Argentine to Gotland, every
where, they Beem to Lpl themselves
to the conditions wy.n they find.
And yet there are niflCatlons. It
seems to me that tile are differ
ences. There is no stie type that
will fit every conditlonlnd we must
allow for the different 0f climate
and surroundings.
"We must pay greateilttentton to
the milking qualities. Evclhlng must
be turned to proflt. WtVust have
an animal in which the sV total of
qualities yield a profit. Afceat deal
has been said and written iegard to
type. There are some merV-ho run
things at our ngrlculturalVollegeB
who are very good, while ors are
long In theory and short In eiiliience.
They say absolutely that twold two
equal four. Things won't alwiil work
out that way. There are many Icrets
of gestation and reproduction hlch
we can never know. They InsisVpon
atype which they call the dairjV-pe,
and say that nothing can be a t eat
producer of milk except that tyr
HINTS ON BREEDING SHEEr
As the result of several yearslof
experience, the Wisconsin station lis
published the following conclusion!:
from the breedlne records of 1
ewes at thi3 station we conclude thai
for such animals and conditions a
ours, the normal nerlod of (Testation
ranges from 144 to 150 days after
the date of service, and that more
ewes will lamb 146 days after servica
than at any other time.
"There Is no appreciable difference
In the period of gestation for male and
female offspring in sheep.
"There is an apparent relation be
tween the duration of the period of
gestation and the period required for
maturity. Quick-appear maturing)
breeds to carry their young for short
r . er periods than those breeds requlr-
ing more time to mature.
"Large lambs are on the average
carried in utero for an appreciably
longer period than small or medium
lambs.
"Lambs dropped before the one
hundred and forty-fourth day and af
ter the one hundred and forty-ninth
day of pregnancy are lacking strength
and vitality at birth.
"Shropshire ewes were more prolific
than any of the other breeds and
crosses, except the fourth cross ot
Shropshire rams on a Merino ewe
foundation.
"One-year-old rams are not go pro
lific as those of two-year-old. Ewes
average larger percentage of In
crease in lambs after they reach full
maturity, at three years of age, until
after they are six years old, when the
rate of Increase diminishes.
"The amount of service required of
the ram in breeding has an influence
on the. percentage of increase In off
spring of the ewes that produce
lambs. , Ewes bred early In the sea
son of mating to a single ram dropped
a larger percentage of lambs than
those near the latter end of the sea
son." t '
MATCH UP THE HORSES.
This does not imply that those of
the same markings or same color are
to be worked together. Matching farm
teams is more difficult than matching
driving teams. A slow walking horse
should never be pal with a fast walk
ing one, for you will have- to constant
ly urged the slow one, ana this soon
Irritates the other one.- Match gaits:
match temperaments, and match horse
power. These a,re the essentials to
keep In mind when matching up the
team for heavy work. Never put a
young horse to very heavy, steady
work, such as plowing, alongside an
old staid horse. The youngster is apt
to do more than his share, In spite of
all you can do to equalize the work.
When breaking a colt I have always
found It best to put It alongside a
steady even-tempered horse that it
not easily "rattled." Such a mato
will Boon give .confidence to the colt,
and he readily falls into work without
much trouble A correspondent says,
give the colt some light farm work
at first, such as plowing or harrowing.
That la risky. We would never hitch
a colt to a harrow. One never knows
what they are going to do, and a har
row Is a mean thing to get a horse
mixed up In. Would rather give the
colts the light driving, and as they
become seasoned give them some
heavier work. Match up the colts as
soon as possible, and when the teams
are matched up, don't change them
around unless for good reason. Horses
have to learn how to pull and work
together. Indiana Farmer.
' PRUNING FRUIT TREES.
Past experience has caused me to
be confident that we should prune our
bearing trees annually and properly,
cutting out all dead limbs and about
one-fousth to one-half of all fruit spurs
and keeping all straggling ends of
long branches cut back. Also keep
the top open so that It may have the
benefit of the air and light. Allow
none of these trimmings or fallen
fruit to rot lu the orchard. Burn the
brush and let the pigs and sheep eat
the fallen fruit. If every one would
practice this, there would be more
and better fruit. When I have gath
ered my fruit crop I turn the' cows
Into the orchard, for they are fond
of the fruit.
I believe the greatest loss to the
fruit grower is caused by the neglect
of proper pruning of trees and vines;
and especially is this true of the
peach. Proper pruning will prevent
the forming of too many fruit buds,
and the dropping ot Immature fruit
will save thinning In some seasons,
which is a big help to the busy farm
er. Personally, I value prunniirg and
early cultivation of trees and vines
more than any other operation In
fruit culture. L. R. Durkee, Hamp
den Co., Mass.
ONE WAY TO MAKE HEN'S LAY.
The question Is often asked, how
can I make my hens lay? The fol
lowing, from the Poultry Yard, tells
how It may be done:
When hens, especially old ones have
been on full feed for months, the egg
production often drops to a very low
point, and may remain there Indefi
nitely even on a good laying ration.
In such cases the best plan is to re
duce the feed Bharply or even to
starve the hens It on range' for ten
days or two weeks, and then resume
heavy feeding. . In most cases they
will soon be making a satisfactory
record.
A well-known poultry editor used to
get a great deal of credit by his abil
ity to tell folks why their hens didn't
lay. His Invariable answer to the
question was, "Hens too fat. Starve
them." The merit of this answer was
that It didn't In the least matter what
the condition of the hens might be, a
short period on scant rations, followed
well on poor hens, generally as on fat
ones, unless the poor hens had been
by full feeding, was almost certain to
start them laying. It worked Just m
starved already.
A hearty appetite, first-class diges
tion and not too much fat, will gen
erally bring the desired "shower ot
eggs."
CARE OF STOCK.
No animal can remain at a stand
still without loss to Its owner. It the
animal Is not gaining, then the labor
and food are wasted. If the animal
loses only a pound In weight, then
the farmer Buffers loss of that which
he once had, and he must Incur addi
tional expense to recover that addi
tional pound, but the time lost can
not be recovered. These facts show
the importance of keeping the stock In
good condition and having an animal
make an Increase dally. When there
Is a falling oft in the weight, or the
yield of milk Is reduced, 'the cause
should be sought, and If an error has
occurred, or there Is fault In the man
agement, a - change for the better
should be made without delay.
THE PEACH TREE BORER.
The peach borer Is a wasp-like In
sect, with transparent wings and a
richly-ornamented body, banded and
striped with gold, and deposits its
eggs about the base of the trunk ot
the tree. The eggs hatch out, the
larvae bore Into the sap-wood, and
cause an exudation of gummy matter,
which appears in masses about the
base of the tree. The larvae seem
partly to live in this gummy substance
and partly In the sap-wood of the
tree. Sometimes three or four are
found on the same tree, occasionally
girdling and destroying It, but always
Inducing more or lass of a diseased
condition and impairing its vigor. . Al
together It is a very objectionable
and destructive insect.
Though bitten twice by a monkey
and warned that a iird bite would
be fatal, Mrs. Powell, of Bath, Eng
land, refused to part vlth the animal.
She was bitten again, lAood polsonlag
Set in and death fromheart failure
followed.
There Is talk in Englknd of cele
brating the bicentenary it thn Mrth
of Charles Wesley, whlcU occurred
ueceuiDcr is, 17UT.
cTHen who were Prominent in the Italian Celebrai
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JUDGE JOHN W. REED, J DR' FEDERIC
OrBrookvllle,Pa. , ' J
MARIANO CANCELLIERE, . J
Ot Plttsburfj.Pa. I
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. GIUSEPPE SCKILLACE, CARMINE MARINARO, LEONARDO DARU-5
Of Rejcoldtville, 1'a. Of RejnoldfvilleA
RAFFAELE GRIECO, ' w'J ' "l
Of Reynoldsvllle. -m 4 . L
GIOVANNI MEYO, , FRANK SORBELLO,
Of Reynoldsvllle. Of WIshaw, P. , '"'S
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L.-J! ..'i.-..J Joseph C. Canceluek, DR. jr. C. KING,
1 1 " Of Pittsburg, Pa. Of Reynoldsvllle, Pa. It
. Pietko M. Cancellieke, L. L. B., ' . v ' ' KEy
Of Plttabui j, Pa. ' i
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at Keynoldsville May 2, 1907.
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