(UWfc EN. GEORGE WASHING-
TON died December 14,
(1 o 1799, at his seat, "Mount
Vernon." His body wns
TOW placed in tlio old family
vault on the estate three
Hays subsequently. For muny years
there weft memorial services in
churches on the anniversary of his
death, but it passes now unnoticed
the happier anniversary his natal day
being nlono remembered. Recently
I was one of a party chatting at a gen
tleman's house, In which there were
three notod physicians and surgeons
Of the city. The conversation drifted
to the subject of Washington's death
and its causes, ultimate and immediate,
the sum total of which was interesting,
but rather sensational as shaped by
WASHINGTON DELIVERING HIS
. OLD CITY HALL, NE
the views of the gentlemen learned In
medical practice, for the keynote wns
"Washington's death was n plain case
Of homicide."
"Yes. I cannot view It otherwise.
Washington's death was nothing less
than homicide, and were I to treat a
patient as Washington was treated, I
would not be surprised to be brought
before a Coroner's Jury or even a
Grand Jury and have a true bill of
criminal malpractice made out against
me. The only mitigating circum
stances in my favor in the case would
be unintentional wrong-doing and ig
norance of my profession. I can easily
Imagine District Attorney Graham,
with his great chest tones, outlining
the case to a jury on my trial: 'Here
was a man of remarkably sturdy, ro
bust build, of massive frame, in height
mmmmm
THE BED IN WHICH
six feet three and one-half inches,
weighing over 200 pounds, only sixty
eight years old, without an hereditary
disease, coming of a long-lived family
of farmers; In every way large, pow
erful and healthy ' "
"No, not perfectly healthy," Interrnnt
ed some one. "He lost his teeth eai;
bad a troublesome abscess in his jaw
bone and was subject to lumbago and
rheumatism."
"Well, generally in perfect henlth;
who caught a cold by being out in a
eleetstorm in which no alarming
symptoms were developed, and only
evinced itself by hoarseness and diffi
culty of breathing through his nostrils.
Tou all know what kind of a 'cold'
I have in mind. The deceased's pri
vate secretary, who will give you a
clear understanding of what happened'
In his knowledge and presence, win"
state that Washington on retiring to
bed appeared to be in perfect health,
excepting the cold and hoarseness,
which he, the deceased, considered
trifling, and which he made light of,
as he would never take anything to
' carry off a cold, always observing, 'Let
It go as it came.' In the morning be
was no better, being 'stopped up' and
bis throat sore. His family was sur
prised and worried, and here Is where
the doctor began bis nefarious mal
practice, as I will show by intelligent
taacbrs of the practice of medicine.
0r
bnvsl yTWL hits' Mi n,ur
i'-m Iff .Jf
Lot us follow his procedure and praC'
tlce:
"1. A mixture of molasses, vinegar
and butter was given him to gargle.
"2. The artery in his forearm wns
opened, and' the patient bled and a
half pint of blood taken.
"3 Throat bathed externally with a
liniment.
"4. His feet soaked in hot water.
"5. A blister of cantharldls put on
his throat.
"0. More blood taken from him and
a blister administered.
"7. Inhaled hot vinegar vapor.
"8. Gargle of sago tea and vinegar
given.
"9. More blood taken; 1 1 o'clock a. m.
"10. More blood taken; 3 o'clock p.
m. Ran slowly and very thick.
am
1 7WIf
.From a wooil cut of 1X41.
INAUGURAL ADDRESS FROM THE
W YORK, APRIL, 178!).
"11. Calomel and tartar emetic
given; 4 p. in.
'Patient at 4.30 was so weak he
asked for his two wills. Destroyed one
and said: 'I find I am going.'
"At 5.I50 p. m. the patient said to the
doctor, 'I feel myself going. Y'ou had
better not take any more trouble about
me, but let me go off quietly. I cannot
last long.' The great, strong man was
exhausted by the frequent draughts of
bis blood, and felt 'blue.'
"12. Blisters applied to his legs, 8
p. m.
"From this time he appeared to
breathe will less difficulty than he had
done, as bis secretary will state; but
nothing was done to counteract the
effects of tlie loss of so much blood,
and at 10 p. m. he said: "I am going.
Have rae decently buried, and do not
WASHINGTON DIED.
let ray body be put into the vault in
less than two days after I am dead.
Do you understand me? he asked the
secretary, who replied he did, and the
great ninn uttered his last words:
' 'Tis well, and died a few minutes af
terwards. "About ten minutes before lie ex
pired his breathing became much eas
ier, but he was exhausted, his vitality,
his life's blood gone, and he was a vic
tim of phlebotomy. He bled to death:
and then the District Attorney would
expatiate on the horrors of the case
and ask for a verdict in accord with
the evidence he would produce, and so
forth, until I seem to be now awaken
ing from a horrid nightmare while I
think of it. How a man in the vigor of
his manhood, with every possibility of
his living a score of years more at
end dying a violent death by the
criminal Ignorance of his physicians
least, had been hurried to his untimely
after a single day's illness."
The doctor ceased speaking, but no
one dissented from his opinion, and
shortly we separated. Whether the
others ever again thought of the Im
aginary homicide case the "doctor had
drawn, it made quite an impression on
me, and "Washington was bled to
death," "Washington died a victim of
malpractice," rung in my head yet
General Washington's private secre
tary, Tobias Lear, made notes of the
ni?s- r jsiiii rm
occurrences of the last illness of his
chief, writing them on the Sunday fol
lowing his death, .which occurred Sat
urday night, December 14, between the
hours of 10 and 11. He states that the
General on Thursday, 12th, rode out
to his farms about 10 o'clock and did
not return home till past 3 o'clock.
Soon after he went out the weather
became very bad, rain and hail and
snow falling alternately, with a cold
wind. When he came in his neck ap
peared to be wet and snow was hang
ing on his hair. Ho went to dinner
without changing his clothes. In the
evening he appeared as well as usual.
On Friday, tho 13th, a heavy fall of
snow took place, which prevented the
General from riding out. Anyway, he
caught a slight cold and buried him
self in his study, when he wrote his
last letter.
His principal physician In attendance
was Dr. Crulk, an old friend and ex
army surgeon. He was assisted In bis
heroic treatment of the patient by Dr.
Gustavus R. Brown, of Port Tobacco,
Md., and Dr. Dick; so there were plen
ty of medical talent present in tha
sick room. On the last day the General
made a brave struggle with death, for
at 8 o'clock In the morning he got up
and was dressed nnd sat by the lire
for two hours, and at 5 o'clock In the
afternoon he sat by the Are for an
hour, but was too weak to talk, so what
he himself thought of bis treatment
has not come down to us.
On Sunday, December 15, the coffin
was ordered from Alexandria, tho
measurement of the body sent being:
In length, six feet three and one-half
inches exact.
Across tho shoulders, one foot nine
inches exact.
Across tho elbows, two feet one inch
exact.
Mr. Lear says he pnld Dr. Dick and
Dr. Brown $40 each for their services,
"which sum Dr. Crulk ndvlsed as very
proper."
About 12 o'clock Saturday night the
body was taken down stairs nnd laid
out in the large room, nnd on Tuesday
was placed in the coffin a mahogany
one, lined with lead and on Wednes
day, 18th, nt 3 p. m., the Interment took
place, with modest military and Ma
sonic ceremonies. On Monday "meas
ures wore taken to make provision for
the refreshment of a large number of
people," and after depositing the body
in the vnnlt,""all then returned to the
house and partook of some refresh
ment, the remains of tho provision
were distributed among the blacks."
Washington was not buried with the
military honors due his rank, nor was
the funeral attended by any represen
tative of the Government. Seven
colonels acted as pall bearers, and "tho
friends of the family" were its neigh
bors. The Rev. Mr. nnd Mrs. Davis
read tho Episcopal burial service, and
the Masons performed their ceremon
ies, so, aside from the slight display of
the Alexandria niilltln, the funeral was
that of -an unostentatious person.
Wnhliif-tnn' Man; Pew.
It is hardly conceivable that George
Washington could have remained the
richest man in America had ho paid
rent for nil the church pews accred
ited to him. Scarcely a tillage that
had a church In his day but points
with pride now to the Washington fam
ily pew. It is true, however, that ho
had much need of the Invocation of
spiritual grace, for when he lost con
trol of a temper, never very mild, as
he did at Trenton and other places, he
was quite capable of swearing a vol
ley of good, round oaths, says a Pitts
burg paper.
By the way, Is a man morally re
sponsible for profanity, say, occasioned
under stress of great excitement, such
as may occur while commanding troops
in battle? One of the purest and most
devout men we ever knew was n Bap
tist deacon, who was a lieutenant-colonel
in the Civil War, who always went
into battle praying, and who prayed,
fervently when the battle was over,
but who lost his religion absolutely
whl,e the battle was on, and would
swear as loud ami as fiercely as nny
trooper in Flanders. Tho man's sin
cerity could not be questioned, for most
men prated when he stopped praying
and Uopped praying when be started.
h
K.' IT 4
yy V'
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! I''' ? lJ ' '
. . v . ' V f ' )-?
IT X
WHERE FORTUNE TURNED
Sons of the Revolution Meet on Ground
Sacred to Patriots.
On tho slope of Taylorsvllle, from
which Washington made the night dash
across the Delaware to victory at Tren
ton, tho Pennsylvania Society of the
Sons of the Revolution celebrated the
anniversary of two historic events the
adoption of the national flag by Con
gress and the British evacuation of
Philadelphia.' These incidents of pa
triotic interest occurred on June 14,
1777 and 1778, the Stars and Stripes
having been the national emblem a
year when the King's troops marched
away from this city.
Surroundings rich in association with
Revolutionary history added to the lra
pressivencss of the simple services by
which patriotic achievements were
commemorated. The society was wel-
'4
&i"' WASHINGTON .'A
CKOISCD THI eELAWAKC.
IT CHRISTMAS NtfiHT 77
the Eve of me battle or twmton
IHl-it vf C mat ft
THE TABLET AT WASHINGTON'S
CROSSING, TAYLORS VILLE, PA.
coined on the historic ground by a com
mittee of the Bucks County Historical
Society, consisting of General W. W.
II. Davis, Judge Yerkes, Thomas C.
Knowles, Captain William Wynkoop,
Richard R. Parry and John S. Will
lams. Headed by a band playing pa
triotic airs, the members inarched
across the old bridge from the Jersey
binding place to n position on the Penn
sylvania decline near the monument
marking the spot from which the pa-
Ll i 'vu Tab, M VBVfVltn RvTUt ROCICTV Cm In
m ,n -- IK
THtCIHOMNATI INTMt STATE W niw JIR5ST
TO CDrtltrtORATL TMl CRSSIM6 OF THS l;
DlWSlWVt OrOrMtHAlWASMIHaTOH ,
LfcAHD TWI COMTIHINTAI. AKfTT UH j
CSEVtHTItN HUNDRIO AMBSIVtMTY SB 1 1
TABLET ON NEW JERSEY SIDE.
triot general directed the crossing of
the troops. Flags and banners, fac
similes of the various Revolutionary
standards, made a brilliant splotch of
color on the green where the society
halted to listen to an address byt Gen
eral Davis.
- General Davis, by relating incidents
that came to him In his boyhood days
direct. from participants in Revolution
ary strife, added a touch of realism
to his story. The point at which Wash
ington crossed the Dclcware, be de
clared, was a central spot from which
many of the most important battle
grounds of the Revolution might al
most be seen. The historic ground, he
argued, wns worthy of being set apart
as a national park from the importance
that centred in the Continental opera
tlons at this point.
"Here," he said, "Washington met
the crisis of the struggle and the blows
given the enemy at Trenton and
Princeton dispelled the gloom and gave
hope to the cause. These victories
gained the sympathy of the civilised
world, nnd It was no longer a serious
question how the war would terminate.
The day star of liberty was, plainly
seen. Tho cainpnlgn nt Vorklown was
the Inevitable result of Trenton and
Princeton, the first blows delivered af
ter Washington abandoned his Fabian
policy."
V f ,
,- .'1U;U.I1' " "" "'
Don't Waste
By Beatrice Fairfax.
HE playtime of tho
time for doing good
JF I Make up your minds that during the coming winter you
I f will do something to Improve yourselves, mentally, physlcal-
I I ly, or both.
I It is easier to work in the cool weather, one feels like
achieving great things.
Brains and muscles are eager for exerclse.
See If you can't rind something in which to interest
yourself during the winter, so that by spring you will, be conscious that you
have decidedly "grown" In some direction or other.
If you suffer tho drawbacks of a limited education, pick out soma line of
study and work at it with'all your heart and energy.
If you can afford it, Join some social or athletic club and reap the benefits
of mingling with your fellow beings or developing yourself physically.
Or get together a few of you and form clubs of your own.
A walking club or young men and women to meet once a week, will afford
Its members a great deal of pleasure.
Or, you might start a reading club and take turns reading aloud one or
two evenings each week. Spend one-half the evening reading some good his
tory and the other half over an Interesting novel.
Then you could have coffee and cake.
You could take turns meeting at each other's homes.
Make up your mind to succeed in your work as you never have before.
Put your very beet efforts into it.
Say to yourself, "I am going to improve myself this winter, and at the end
of it I Intend to be more of a woman than I ever have been before."
Don't waste a minute. Time Is more precious than diamonds and rubles.
All your endeavor won't bring back one lost moment; never forget that.
I would advise every girl to try and do a llttlo bit of good reading during
tho long winter evenings.
The public libraries are open to all, and interesting books can be picked
up at tho second-hand book shops for almost nothing.
If you do not care for reading, find some other diversion that will keep
your mind and interest stimulated.
Get a hobby of some kind. There Is nothing like a hobby to keep one In
terested. Don't let the winter pass without getting some good out of it.
Take "Self Improvement" for your motto, and keep the woRds bright and
shining before you all -winter.
In the spring you will be a happy girl if you feel you have lived up to your
motto. New York Journal.
Cheer Up
HEER up! The world Is taking your photograph. Look
pleasant. Of course you have your troubles troubles you
cannot tell the policeman. A whole lot of things bother
yon, of course. Business worries, or domestic sorrows, it
may bo, or what nut. You find life a rugged road, whose
stones hurt your feet. Nevertheless, cheer up!
It may be your disease is selfishness Ingrown selfish
ness. Your life is too Bclf-centered. You Imagine your trlb-
. illations are worse than others bear. You feel sorry for
ywuiscii the meanest sort of pity. It
that, and cheer up! '
What right have you to carry a picture of your woebegone face and fun
eral ways about among your fellows, who have troubles of their own? If you
must whine, or sulk, or scowl, take n car, and go to the woods, or to the unfre
quented lanes.
Cheer up! Your ills are largely Imaginary, if you were really on the
brink of bankruptcy, or if there were no thoroughfare through your sorrows,
you would clear your brows, set your teeth, and make the best of it.
Cheer up! You are making a hypothetical case out of your troubles, and
suffering from a self-inflicted verdict. You are borrowing trouble, and paying
a high rate of interest.
Cheer up! Why, man alive, in a ten-minute walk you may see a score of
people worse off than you. And here you are digging your own grave, and
playing pallbearer into the bargain. Man alive, you must do your work!
Smile, even though it bo through your tears, which speedily dry. And cheer
up! Young Folks.
Forgotten in
gressive Bays
By Jacob
T Is surprising to an
the present generation seems to have forgotten.
' Hero are some Instances.
1. To tell the points of the compass by a watch. Point
tho hour hand nt the sun. Then south is halfway between
the hour hand and the figure twelve of the dial.
2. To measure an angle by a watch. Lay two straight
edged pieces of paper on tho angle, crossing at the apex.
Holding them by whore they overlap, lay them on tho face of
the watch with the apex at the centre. Read the angle by the minutes of the
dial, each minute being six degrees of arc. It Is easy to measure within two or
three degrees in this way.
3. To start a tight screw. Press the screwdriver firmly In place with one
hand, but do not turn it. Then take hold of it sideways with Hat-jawed pliers
as olose to the head of the screw as possible, and turn it with them. A hand
vise is better than pliers. Leave. Just enough of the tip of the screwdriver out
side the vise to fill the slot of the screw, but no more. This reduces the dan
ger of breaking or bending a badly-tempered screwdriver to a minimum.
4. To put a pin through starched linen, rub the pin with parafflne. To
push a collar button through a startched buttonhole, rub parafflne on the back
of the buttonhole. Scientific American.
A Tribute
7 By E. H. Lacon Watson.
HERE are, of course, burglars and burglars. You may urge
a lack of chivalry, a greed of gain, a base provision for per
sonal safety, a hesitation to attack houses that contain men
or small dogs or babies, or even night-lights, in some of
IhpsR eentrv.
T
V But no doubt it was much the same with the highway-
men of old. Not all of them graced their manly calling as
'I we could have wished; not all were models of politeness and
affability, taking a kiss as sufficient payment from .the fair
damsel, walking a minuet at the crossroads with the high-born lady of fash
ion, Invariably respectful of age and sex. Was it not my Lord Bathurst who
had boasted that he would never stand and deliver to a single gentleman of
the road, and did he not find himself once confronted with the customary
horse-pistol at his carriage window? .
' "It seems that one highwayman is sufficient after all," said his assailant,
contemptuously handling the peer's gold watch.
"Ruffian!" replied the intrepid Bathurst, "you know well enough I would
never hand these over were it not for your friend Just behind your shoulder."
The fellow turned his bead to look for his imaginary colleague and was I
promptly shot dead br the Ingenious nobleman.
Your Time
i
year Is ever, girls, and' now comes the
work nnd showing what you are made of.
By
The Optimist.
is a pathetic illusion. Rid yourself of
These Pro
Bromfield.
oldish man how many things of daily use
to Burglars
UP TO DATE RECRUITING.
Phonograph and - Stereoptlcon Used
to Gt Labor for Queensland
Plantations.
Thousands of natives of Polynesia
are needed to work on the sugar
and other plantations of Queensland.
These plantations are in the low coast
regions; and as the climate is tropical
white labor is not successful.
For many years sailing vessels have
been visiting the islands to recruit
Kanakas for the Queensland planta
tions. The trade gave rise to abuses
which have been suppressed by law,
but the natives are not so eager t
emigrate ns formerly and it is hard
work to fill tho vessels.
A sea captain in the Kanaka trade
has introduced a new method of mak
ing emigration attractive. Before he
sailed from Queensland a year ago
he visited a number of the plantar
tlons where South Sea Islanders are
employed. '
He had a camera and a phonograph.
Going from one plantation to another
he photographer groups of natives and
also took Individual pictures of well
known fellows from the New Hebri
des, Solomon and other groups.
Then ho brought the phonograph
into service. Tho best known natives
who had a large acquaintance In the
islands wero Induced to talk into the
instrument and tell their friends tho
kind of life they led in Australia and
how they were -getting along on the
plantations.
These phonographed letters were
obtained from Kannkas who formerly
lived in about a dozen of tho islands
which tho recruiting vessels are in
the habit of visiting. Then the ingen
ious shipmaster had his photographs
turned Into lantern slides and off he
sailed for tho Islands well equipped
to astonish the natives.
According to a Queensland news
paper the scheme has been a great
success. The captain had an ample
supply of lantern slides showing emi
grants from each of the Islands he
visited.
Everybody was on hand to see the
show nnd the natives, were beside
themselves with delight -when they
saw the well-known visages 'of their
frientbi and acquaintances thrown
upon the screen. But the greatest
wonder was when each picture actu
ally talked to the crowd In the very
tones and accents which many of the
auditors connected with the man
upon whose face they were gazing.
The man sent them greetings from
Iris plantation homo 1,000 miles away.
He told them he was doing well, that
he liked the life" and that Queensland
was a good place to coine to. He
talked about the country, the money
he earned and the good treatment he
received.
Tictures were shown of the huts
occupied by the emigrants, the fields
they worked in and groups of labor
ers whoso sleek appearance and
smiling faces seemed to show that
they were enjoying life.
The result is that the stereoptlcon
and phonograph hnve proved to be
valuable recruiting agents. Even the
natives who have had the worst mis
givings about emigration become en
thusiastic converts to the Idea when
they see their friends actually before
them and hear their well-known
voices.
The captain had no difficulty in
making up a load and other captains
engaged in the Kanaka trade say they
are going to employ the same expedi
ent. Pelican Island.
In that long, narrow lagoon on the
east coast of Florida known as Indian
River, there is a muddy islet three or
four acres in extent. Originally it
doubtless did not differ from hundreds
of similar neighboring islets; but, for
some reason past finding out, this is
let, nnd this alone, forms the nesting
resort, the home, of all the pelicans
of the Indian River, if not. Indeed, of
the east coast of Florida. The brown
pelican, unlike its white cousin, nests
normally in low trees and bushes; and
there is evidence that when the orig
inal pelican colonists landed on the
Islet which now bears ..ifXr name, it
was weir grown with black and red
mangroves in which the birds placed
their scaffolding of sticks. Excep
tionally low temperature and high wa
ter perhaps also excessive use by the
birds, which sometimes build as many
as seven nests in a single mangrove
have killed tree after tree, until at
present only three serviceable trees
remain. Still the birds come back, the
impelling motive which prompts them
to return to this particular spot being
evidently stronger than that which in
duced them to nest in trees. Century.
Ate the Heart of Louia XIV.
There is no need to be skeptical
regarding Mr. Labouchere's story
that . the late Dean Buc-kland swal
lowed the mummified remains of the
heart of Louis XIV, and that it now
rests in the dean's body In Islip
churchyard, when one recalls thi
many weird dishes that the famou
divine consumed in his. life time. A
his dinner parties, which were at
tended by leaders of science and lit
erature, the menus were often of a
most eccentric character. On one oc
casion pickled horse tongue was great
ly relished by tho guests until they
were tol'! what they had eaten. Alli
gator was served up as a rare deli
cacy, and puppies occasionally, and
mice frequently. At other times
hedgehogs, tortoises, potted ostrich
and sometimes rats, frogs and snails
were prepared for the delectation of
favored guests. What more likely
than that the dean should have a
fancy for a royal heart? London
Chronicle.