The Miners of
By 6. J.
O'Connell and 1 were mates
off nnd on for years. Thus It wns
thnt we were gold-nilnrrn together at
Itondlgo, tried silver mining nt Broke n
I lilt, ami at a later (Into worked side
,f aide l the tin mine at Mount
Zcclmn. In Tasmania, besides conduct
lng several prospecting nips on our.
own account.
O'Connell wns a man for whom I had
wholesome respect. Ho wan a quiet,
reserved, good-natured follow, who
never drank too much, and who hated
nctlilng In thU won- more than a row.
l!e wan a man of Immense physical
ttrength, an expert boxer, and a mng-iilflc-ent
swimmer. Ills plaelet demean
or hid an Indomitable spirit, and I
would as to in have fought a steam
roller as Jim O'Coiinell; the one. would
have hern as uncompromising as the
cither.
It was rn one of our prospecting
trips that Jim told me the particulars
of his Strang experience on Copper
inland, n brief hint of which I hnd al
ready ohtnlned from a pollen rourt par
agraph some time before In tho Diis
lune Conner.
It seems that Jim wns in Sydney,
out of work, when he saw one day an
mivertisemciit in the Sydney Morning
He i aid asking for a hnlf-dozen miners
to proceed to Copper Island an un
inhabited island lying between Prls
I hii n and Thursday Island and thero
prospect Tor copper. O'Conncll imme
diately made application to tho adver
tiser, one Captain I) , a mining ex
pert D iiad control of the busi
ness on behalf of a well-known Sydney
firm of shipowners, who held a con
cession lor mining on the lslnnd.
O'Connell being a practical miner of
wide experience, was mnde tho "boss"
of the gang, and Ave olher men having
been engaged and contracts signed for
six montliB, the little phrty were ta
ken by Captain D to tho scene of
their operations in a schooner char
tered for the purpose.
Having duly landed tho men on the
iflnnd, whose sole Inhabitants they
were to be. 1) left them, promising
to return nt tho beginning of each
month with rations, etc. For a timo
ali went well. The men were amply
provisioned, und, besides, there was
some feathered game to be shot, fish
ta be caught, jml a fair supply of eggs
of vurlous kinds. The men soon settled
tlcwn to work In earnest, meeting with
considerable success in their search lor
copper. Hut the month expired, und,
contrary to their expectations, Captain
D 'a schooner came not. There was
(till plenty of food on the Island, how
ever, and the men kept at their work
end were not at first uneasy. But when
a second month elapsed and etlll there
was no sign of the schooner they lie'
gun to pe; seriously alarmed.
The stoves became exhausted, and
scon al't"r n far greater evil befell.
Hitherto a plentiful supply of water
had been obtainable, at a tpot where
the Islanders fondly imagined a spring
olfited, br.t. no tain hail fallen since
their lunding, and the lms in hecomliiii
' empty, it. was seen that mere had been
merely a rnrface supply, and now not
a single .hop was to be found on the
whole Island!
In this awkward difficulty O'Cim
I'.ell's rcsniircefuliios-s toon showed It
self. Everybody naturally looked to
him; even had he not been their "boss"
it would have been Just the same.
Digging for water pioved barren of re
sult, and, as there was evidently no
water on tho Island, O'Connell deter
mined to look elsewhere lor it. About
mile to the westward lay another
small island, and thither O'Connell de
termined to make his way. He sug
gested that one of his mates should ac
company him, and that they should
take an empty, cask in tow and bring
back a cupply of water if any were
found. Four of the men acknowledged
themselves to be swimmers, but not
one volunteered for the mile swim
through the shark-infested sea.
As it was more than one man'a work,
however, to tow a laden cask, in the
event of success, lots were ultimately
cast, and a man called Gange set forth
with O'Connell. The two reached the
island without any misadventure, were
fortunate to find an ample supply of
water, and brought back their wellfliled
cask in safety. They had but one cask,
ar.u, as it held only a scanty supply for
, one, week. It became necessary to make
periodical visits to tho other Island.
It was, of course, Impossible for them,
to take up their residence there. Not
enly was cue of their number a non
swimmer, but tney had no means of
transferrins their firearms and ammu
nition upon which they now largely
depended for subsistence their tent,
rooking' utensils, tools, etc. Every
Falurday, therefore, a visit was paid to
"Water Island," as it came to be
lenown, and each time the voyage was
made lota were cast for who uhould
accompany 0 Cornell for the brave
"boss" always Insisted upon personally
conducting the expedition. There are
piobably as many sharks In these wa
ters as anywhere on the face of the
globe, and the first few trips were
made In fear and trembling. But
time went on and no mischance oc
curred the men gained confidence, al
though the sight of the triangular fin
occasionally set their hearts beating
uneasily. It Is probable that the pres
cence or the casn. disconcerted tho
harks, but certain It is that they did
not venture to molest the swimmers.
Tne miners soon settled down to a
dull routine of starvation rations, the
monotony of tbeir life only broken by
the woekiy trip to Water island. Would
tbo schooner never comer A flagpole
iwu rigged up la tbe hope of communl
Copper Island.
REA.
eating with some pnnslng ship, but,
although a sail was sometimes seen
on the horizon no vessel ever came
near enough to see their signals. In
the meantime, a little work, was done
more with a view to passing the time
than out of regard for the Interest! of
thr employers who had apparently so
cruelly abandoned them on thla unin
habited and seldom visited Isle,
Four months thus dragged wearily
away, i.ie men maintaining themselves
as best they could by shooting birds
nnd collecting eggs and shell-fish.
One Saturday evening O'Connell ami
a man named Peters, having been "fos
sicking" about the shores of "Water
Island" In quest of shell-flsh. delayed
their departure for the larger Island till
a much later hour than usual. When
about half-way between the two Islands
tl.ey encountered the full force of tho
outgoing tide, nnd found their progress
witn the lull water-cask, to which they
were harnessed by ropes, rendered ex
tremely difficult. After half nn hour's
struggle, iiurlng which very little way
was gained, Peters announced his In-
tintlou ot cutting himself adrift
O'Connell besought his mate to hold
on until the tide turned! but rotors,
drawing Ms knife, severed the rope
which at 'ached him to the cask. Short
ly nlterwnids he disappeared in the
direction of Copper Inland.
O'Connell, left to himself, struggled
wildly for n time to hold his own, but
the buoyant cask was towing him out
to sea at an cvcT-lncrealng into of
speed, and at last he was reluctantly
obliged to release himself. Ily this
time, however, he was an alarming
dlstnnce from the shore, nnd he saw
that hlH nily chance was In remain
ing atloat until tho tide turned, when
be might hope, by Its aid, to reach the
1m ml. Tbo night was clear and a bril
liant moon was shining. Suddenly, to
bis horror, an ominous triangular fin
bieke tho surface of tbo water not
ti:teo fathoms' length from where he
swain. Another and yet another np-
pejred, nnd tho unhappy man pres-
M'.tiy discovered that he wns In th-i
midst of a school of sharks! Utterly
exhausted as be was, his position wns
a terrible one. In (lescrlmng his feel
ings to me, he said that ho should hot
have believed It posslblo thut any
combination of circumstances could
luive reduced him to such a state of ab
ject fenr as thnt on which he now
found himself. Already ho seemed to
feel the cruel teeth rendering bis lin
ked flesh, and ho snuddercd with utter
t nor. '"he scene was as light as day,
and the Hhnrks were plainly visible as
they circled round him. He saw one
monster suddenly change his direction
and make straight for him. Hut O'Con
ncll wns like a fiesh In tho water, and
drawing the shentho knlfo from tho
belt round his naked walht he ..irew
hit arms r.liove his head aii'Jsnnk like
a stone. As be rose again tome sec
ond:! Inter he found himself dlrettiv
If iicuth ,'ic shark, and thrust his Unite
tin to the hilt in the monster's stomach.
The wounded shark ut once mode olY.
end fonie ether prey possibly present
ing Itself, tiie otlicii lol lowed Its ex
ample, to O'Conncll s greut relief.
lty tlii-, time the tide was on tho
tt'.tn, and fitter a long and exhausting
. wlm O'Conncll, thaiieu and weary,
landed on Copper island shortly after
daylight, having been eight hours In
the water. His companions had, of
course, given aim up for lost, as ac
cording to the account of Peters, who
hud gained tho shore In safety, ho was,
when Inst seen, drifting rapidly out
ti sea. O'Conuell proceeded to the ten:
and pulling aside the flap, looked in
at tho steeping men. Peters was Blum-
luring as eweefly as though he had not
a few hours before abandoned his mate.
O'Connell picked up a piece of turf and
threw It lightly on tho sleeper's fnce.
Peters sat up, and seeing the "boss"
standing' there, dripping wet, thought
he looked upon n ghost, and with a cry
of terror fell back In a dead faint, hl.i
previous night's adventure having left
him in a weak state.
The littlj colony was now In a very
bad way, Lc-lng without water save for
a little which had been reserved In
a kerosene tin. ThlB lasted till tho
evening .-jf the next day, and then,
when O'Connell was seriously contem
plating a return to "Water island"
with the kerosene tin, rain happily fell,
and fcll hands were at once engaged
In the important wcrk of collecting It.
The tent was pulled down and con
verted Into a canvas cistern, and ev
ery available vessel was filled.
Two days later great excitement wad
occasioned In the little community, art
strangely marooned on this inhospita
ble Islet, by the appearance of a sa.i
to the southward, evidently bearing
In the direction of the Island. The
anxious miners gathered upon 'tho
beach and breathlessly watched the
rearing errft. They soon discovered
that it was none othor tuau D 'a ov-
eiduc schooner. Presently a boat was
li.wered, bnd I) himself, with a
crew of three men, was Been approach
ing the Island. Tho miners met him
with a storm ot inquiries as to the de
lay, but D apparently had no ex
planation to make at any' rate, he of
fered none.
He llstoned to the story of their pri
vations nnd the dangers they had
passed through with tho moBt Insulting
Indifference. "You look all right, any
how," was all the comment he offered,
and immediately went on to make In
quiries as to the success of their min
ing operations. The boat was laden
with provisions, and presently he gave
orders to have these landed.
"Stop a minute," cald O'Connell, who
bad hitherto spoken, "Do you think
for a moment that after the way w
have been treated wo are going to re
main here at yentr mercy again?"
"You will stay here," was the brutal
reply, "until your contract has ex-
trod."
"That I cerlnlnly' shall not," said
O'Connell, and, going back to tho
camp, he brought his "swag." "I am
going ba it to Sydney,: or at any rate
to Brisbane, In that schooner," said he;
"the other men can do as they like."
I'pon thW 11 , who nnd evidently
been drinking, called a huge negro,
who was one of the boat's crew, and
oidered .iltn to prevent O'Connell from
entering her. The black sprang ashore,
and, as O'Connell threw his bundle on
board, laid hold of him. Tint the blood
of the mining "boss" wns now fairly
up, and big as the negro was he never
bad a look In during the scrimmage
which ensued. O'Connell gave him the
worst Ave minutes he had ever had In
his lire, and ultimately left him lying
unconscious In the sand. Then the vic
torious O'Connell rushed for the boat,
to which I) had already returned.
The latter, drawing a revolver, fired
point-blank at O'Connell's face. Hut
Ills hand shook with rage nnd excite
ment, unci the bullet fortunately
passed through the flap of tho miner's
slouch hnt. llefore ho could Are ngnln
O'Connell grasped him by the throat
nnd batt"red IiIb head ngnlnst the nfter
thwart. while the boat's crew vainly
endeavored to drng hi in off.
When I) recovered coneclousnefss
he wai snirly. but sulHlued. Finding
that O'Connell was absolutely deter
r. lined to board the schooner, he sulki
ly gave wny, but he talked the other
men Into remaining on the inland.
I'pon the nrrlvnl of the schooner at
Brisbane, O'Connell was given Into
custody oil a charge of assaulting Cap
tain I) and threatening to tnke bin
lite. I.n'ml proceedings for breac h ot
contract was nliio mentioned, but tbo
rnidiicticin of the bullet-perforated hnt
and the evidence of a .friendly witness
who bad been one of the boat's crew
put a very different complexion on th
matter, xiv O'Conneu was discharged.
He got no further satisfaction.
It transpired, however, that I '
long continued absence from the Is
land of which his employers were em
tlrely ignornnt, and which eamo so
very nenr having disastrous results
was due to his detention In the reeelv
Ing'lioiiKo of a lunatic asylum during
the continuance of a prolonged attack
ol dclliium tremens! The Wide World
Magnr.luc.
CUAINT AND CURIOUS.
If nil the land planted in corn In the
T'nltcd States this yenr were massed,
tbo area would exceed tho Ilritlsli
Isles, Holland and llelglum combin
ed, or four-fifths of the area ot
France or Germany.
Tho remarkable Jiehra hybrid Trom
South Africa, lately acquired by tho
Prltish Zoological Society, is a pony
bred from a crews between a zebra
and a pony. It resembles a small
pony. Its body Is brown, nnd tbo
striping is peculiar, tho marks on tho
body being nearly vertical, wbUo
those on I lie IIiiiIki are horizontal to
the h(,ck.s, below which the color la
black.
Every head of clover consists of
about tin flower tubes, each of
which contains nn Infinltctdniul quan
tity of sugar, llees will often visit
a hundred different hcnils of clover
before retiring to the hive, and In
order to obtain tho sugar necessary
for a load must therefore thrust their
tongues Into about tiont) different flow,
ers in tho course of a single day'
work.
Careful tending and nurturing on
the pait of the beekeeper has re
sulted in Increasing tho bee's tonguo
one-hundred of an Inch. Tho natur
al length Is about one-t went let h of
an Inch, but clever keepers, by hnv
lug only bees with unusually long
tongues, have produced a variety with
the added length, swhleh enables
them to extract more honey from thn
flowers In a given time than their
short-tongued relatives.
What is described as an "ancient
draught hoard" has been discovered
In Crete. It must by all accounts ba
a fine piece of work, since It Ib com
posed of natural crystal. Ivory, gold
and silver, but it la by no means uni
que. Chess, draughts, or the gam is
from which both are derived, was
known to nearly all tho ancient clr
ili7atioii8, and Greek and Egyptian
boards are by no means uncommesa.
Our correspondent at Muang 1-u-.ecram.
Buys, the Siam Observtit,
writes that he had been to one of He
eastern Lao provinces, and there ha
was astonished by seeing a curlo.
plant, which is called by the native
ton kradoto din ("the treo that jitm;,tt
from the ground"). The plant, ha
soya, is not very tell. It hears few
leaves, but plenty of fruit. When
the fruit drops from the stem the tree
tumps up from the Into the air about
three soks high (say about four feet)
The fruit is about the size ot a cherry.
Since the opening of the shooting
season the rabbits In tho environs ot
Parla have developed a wonderful in'
telligence. Sportsmen shooting on
tbe outskirts of the city have been
nonplussed at the scarcity of tho bun'
nleB, as a short time ago they prom'
tsed to be very plentiful. It haa
been brought, to light, according to
the New York Herald, that the Cem
etery of Saint Ouenon the northwest
tide ot Paris, swarms with rabbits,
which are devouring every blade of
trass and shrubs. The grave dig
gers are likely to enjoy cheap meals
tor a long time to come.
lDRENjCOU
llnlll.
O dollle, dollle, we esn't go
Out door In this Imrcl wind and snow,
Hut In tho liouss munt plnyi
how I k tminhftr will Hike pnrt, ,
And ymi us sccholsr tmint tie smart.
And good your lesson tsy.
No, no, I cannot hsvft yon cry,
I'll put you in this chnlr so liluh
Whuro dngitln cn not rBchi
Now yon mum nsy your A. ft, C,
And not look hlnnkly so at ni,
Or else 1 cannot twacb.
Whut, you hnvn fallen down, O myl
And put thn pencil In your eye,
O dear, whnt nhnll I do?
No mora school I toclny.
For how ii yon with one play,
And that ous swollen, to.
Now to the doctor's tou must go
Although thn ground I wbitv with snow,
And Iit nn ttya put Ini
Bo enrnlftct twin ot you to full,
And brlnit grrnt troubln to us all,
U naughty you barn been.
brook lyn Engl.
y.nln imlU,
The Hide Zulu girl has plenty of
lelsine. She has nn clothes to put on,
no beds to innke, nn floors to sleep, and
very few dishes to wnh.
She iloci not attend school and,
therefore, has no lessons to learn.
Sometimes she Is sent to drive the
monkeys nway from the garden paten
where they have come to steal the
pumpkins, or she brings water from
the spring or digs sweet potatoes for
dinner.
These email duties, however, do not
occupy much of her time. And how
do you think she spends the bright
days In her pleasant summer land?
Let me tell yon. She plnys with dolls
Just as you do not waxen ones, with
real curls nnd eyes that open and close.
but clay and cob dolls, which she
makes with her own little black fin
K rs. She mixes tho day and moulds
It Into snip II figures, baking them In
the sun. Then she takes a cob, nnd
i mis a stick through the upper part
for arms. She thus finds herself
the owner of two styles of dolls. It
is not the fnshion for either tho llttlo
mother or her dolls to be dressed, ow
ing to the great heat. So there are no
clothes to be spoiled by wading in the
biook or rolling In the sand.
Ilr l.nvn for Cm,
Denver has a eat hospital
It developed from the lovo of
o llttlo school girl for cats and
the enre which sbo gave to
sick and Injured members of the cat
family. She took them In, and learned
by practice nnd study how to henl their
wounds. She bandaged broken legs,
and dressed tern plnces with antiseptic
washes. She dosed poisoned ents with
laid and fed sick eats with the spoon.
After a while It got noised about
among tho Denver cats generally, and
fiibsequently when any old fighter hail
b. en making a night of It. on the alley
fence and turned up In the morning
worse for wear, or when some helpless
kitten had been tossed out of a third
r.tory window to fee l: ln.id on Its feet,
over many times, th'.v would make
hlmliiit for this girl's front door and
wait, on thi stoop till she came to take
them in.
Finally the girl's rnthrr t-ntd If the
house was going t;i be turned Into a
permanent, cut hospital he might as
veil build an aunt x. So he built a
littlo hospital out In the back yard,
and there tbo girl, now a young wom
an of 20, tnKes temperatures and counts
pulses, applies llnilment and bandages
wounds. New York Trlhtmo,
I.nvv Among Hie Itoneii.
Eelow Ib a new way eif playing an
eid gnmo. Furnish to each player pa
per and a pencil. Dictate the flower
romance, calling "blank" wiiunover
you come to the words here enclosed In
ptrerrthefaL-. Each guest writes the
Olctation and signs It. Then allow
a reasonable time say 10 minutes to
All In the blank spaces with the name
of a flower.
A general exchange of papers Is
nade, and the hostess calls for tho
retdlng of the papers. Each paper
is numbered In the order it is read.
The players nolo the relative excel
lence, and vote by numbers for tho one
considered best. The number receiv
ing tho most votes wins, and tho name
of the writer is then announced.
The Romance.
At tho waning of the moon In May
Bridal Roie was married to Sweet Wil
liKtn. The courtship had been a long
cne, und, like the course of many a
true love, haj not run smooth, for
Willie had plenty of rivals. When the
war come ho resolved to enlkit. Bridal
Rose was at tae station to see the com
pany off, and as she said good-bye she
whlspereJ with a tear in her eye (Forget-me-not).
This gavo him courage
to hope, and he was a brave soldier.
Ho was hit but once all through tho
war, and that was by a (Snowball).
During a walk one afternoon soon af
ter Willie returned from tho war he
and Bridal Rose chanced to find a pret
ty vino-covered bower, with (Mnlden
huir) ferns growing all about. It was
a romantic spot, and he (Aster). Sho
named the day. When the engagement
was announced there were not a few
(Bleeding hearts) among Willie's rl
valB. As the sun rose on the wedding day,
he hone In all his (Morning Glory).'
The bridesmaid was (Lily of the Val
ley), and (Mandrake) was tho best
man. Uttlo (Black-eyed Susan) was
the flower i,irl. The bride wore a gown
r.f delicate (Pink). Precisely at (Four
c'Clock) the bridal procession started
for the altar. (Phlox) of friends wore
present. The (Hare bells) chimed out
:he wedding march, hor (Poppy) gave
the bride away. (Jack-in-th-Pulplt)
Sold the v.xrds. and then Wllllo kissed
the bride in her (Twollps). As the
party left tho churih rice and (Lady
slippers) were thrown after the couple.
The wedding luncheon was a slmpin
aflalr, tho coffee being appropriately
tipped out ot dainty (fluttcri'tips). The
bride snld she was bnppy, though she
did not (Marigold), nnd added that she
was willing to bo ruled by love, but not
bv a (Ocilcletiind). Af the dnnee which
followed the most distinguished guest
was (Marcschal Mel), wearing (l.ark
rptirs). The (Johnny Jumpers! danced
uproaroiisiy and quite shocked several
(Olibfashtimeil Roses) wbo sat In rows
along tho wall. The papers next day
raid thn bride was nn I American Ileau
t). and declared that Sweet William
was a (Daisy). Now York Mall and
I '.x lit ess.
Two nt, l oiim I tiHilron.
She had taken her' llttlo girl out to
a Irlend's to tea. letter tho hostess
gave thn child a pnper bag, with the
following explanation:
"Thnt is a bag of cukes that I made
especially tor yon; but you must not
look until you "t nm."
nnbln to resist tbe temptation, the
child took a siy ........ . .,: ,aw a.i
opportunity of fining without being
'elected. When she wns rendy to go
home she boldly opened the bng, and
fixing iier iioste'ss with her eyes, ex
liuimed ns siie drew fortn a cake and
threw It on the floor:
"I hnto sponge cake."
Her mother was nonplussed for n
Moment "iid attempted to pniuoth mat
ters.
"The child In tired and Irritable,"
Cue suid.
"No. I'm not," replied the tot
stamping with hi r foot, nnd throwinc
another cake nway. "1 Just bate
sponge cake."
There Is a boy up town. 10 or 11
yiars old, who Is extravagantly fond
ol his pet eat. The nnltmtl llv?s In the
basement, pnd tbe boy makes dnlly vis.
Its thero unless semie accident pre.
vents him from doing so. Recently he
underwent an operation for the relief
ot enlarged tonsils, and as a result
he was compelled to remain In bed fot
several days. On the second day ol
his confinement to Ills room othet
members of the family caught
glimpse eif the eat making her way ur
stairs with something in her mouth
r'hc made her way fo her master'f
room, and .lumping upon the be 1. gent
ly Ini. I a tiny kitten belile the pll
low. Aft'v noting the- nstonlphment
with wh;:-'i the boy regard id the ad
vent of tl'to unexpected visitor, thf
motjer cat. made her way to the base,
me-nt again nnd re turned with n sec.
mid kitten. This was nil he family
pussy ha 1 nnd nhe purred with satis.
fhctlon nt. the delighted expression ol
the sick toy.
The boy, who was bo fond of bis cat
was also passionately attached to th'
lulild who had taken care of him r.l
through his earlier year?. lie fre
qtsently vowed t.iat he would ninrry het
v he;i he grew up, und besought her tc
viilt for Mm. One clny he was pud
('. nly tnk"n with the toothac he, and a
visit to the dentist become necessary.
It was decided to extract the tooth
Flirt laughing gas wai administered.
"Mamma," stammered the hoy thic k,
ly ns he was lapsing Into unconscious,
iiess. "wiu you do me a favor?"
' Yes. itnythlng you want." replied
the Indulgent moilier.
"Then rr.ise Annie's (salary $3
month."
After the tooth had been tnUen out
tbo boy could reirember einly one thins
thut had btppeneu, and that wns that
mamma had promised to raise Annle'f
pay. As the mother had always
wrought up her children In Die way ol
truth she was obliged to accede to the
request, end Annie was made that
jucii richer. St. Louis Star,
t'AliritltlieU TliftrinnmMer
Sir Samuel Wilks, writing to Knowl
edge, gives tho history of the origin ol
Fahrenheit's thermometer, which is
generally used In this country. It was
really Invented by Sir Isaac Newton,
and tiie starting point of bis scale was
the heat of the human body. Newton'i
paper is to bo found In the "Philoso
phical Transactions" for the year 1701.
Ho describes liio Instrument ns a glass
tt'be, filled with linseed oil, and to it
hi., attached a scale to measure the de
gree of heat of the liquid into which
he plung ;d it. His lowest point was
that of freezing, as hU highest point
was that of boiling water. He chose
for the starling point on his scale the
heat of the human body, and this he
culled by the round number 12, the
duodecimal system being then in use
that is, he divided the spuce be
tveon the freezing point and the tem
perature of the body Into 12 pnrta. Ho
further stated that the boiling point
vouid bo obemt 30, as it was nearly
three times that of the humon body.
A few years afterward when Fahren
heit was wording at the subject ot
brat, he look Newton's instrument
for his experiments, but, finding the
ecalo not minute enough, and so mnde
It 21 degrees instead of 12. He also
did more, lor, finding he coiid obtain
lower temperatures than freezing, and
notably that of ice and Bait mixed to
fetlher, he took this for hlu starting
point. It was from this point he began
to count 21 degrees up to body heat,
This made, by his measurements, eight
the freezing point. Boiling point he
mude 63. It then became zero; freez
ing eight; body heat 24, ana boiling
w liter 63. This was really the same as
Newton's, only the icalo started low
er and the numbers were doubled. La
ter on, finding that he could measure
increments of . heat more minutely,
Fahrenheit divided each degree iuto
four purU. It will now be seen that
if the numbers Just mentioned are Mul
tiplied by tour we have tbe thermom
eter which Is now In use. New Orle
ans Times-Democrat
I HE PERNICIOUS CARP.
Thm Itiinnrtucl l'lh Is lining an Untold
Amount r :wll.
The Herman carp, against which the
hand of every fisherman Is raised be-
caiun of his displacing better fish. Is
accused of erne more and still worse
crime by Alderman O. B. Sheppard,
dominion Inspector of fifcherlen for On
tario, to wit.: that of driving out our
best water fowl by eating their food.
Mr. Sheppard, upon his return from
nn Inspection trip, stated that the
problem of getting rid eif or kwplng
tinder the carp Is now facing the fish
ery authorities on both sides of the
linn. From oil he could learn the eirp
wan In Oermany a fine-grained, and
delicate fish, but It transplanting to
America, with Ita new variety of food,
had caused It to slide down the scale
until It Is abeuit the least desirable of
our food fishes. Ita chief fault In its
driving away other fish and gradual
ly exterminating them by eating their
eggs.
latterly, however. It had been no
ticed that the carp were destroying
tbo beds of wild rice, which forms the
chief food of wild ducks, geese and
other aquatic birds.
lTpen the trip from which he wa
Just reitirnlng Alderman Sheppard, bad
noticed (bat In Cook's hay. Lake Sim
cue, where there were formerly hun
dreds of acres of wild rice, there was
not to be seen a spear of that plant
teiday. The same was true of the
Hollnnd river, whore there were at
one time 1500 acre eif rice, now the
carp have eaten It literally root,
branch and seed. These place were
eince the very best duck grounds In
the province, and now the ducks avoid
them.
The carp were not Introduced orig
inally Into take Simeoe, but were con
fined In the mill dam at Newmarket.
The dam broke and the carp got Into
Lakn Slmcoe through the Holland riv
er. How to get tiiem out or destroy
them passed any man's knowledge, as
they were the most tenacious of life
tinder hard conditions, and defied the
best laid traps. So far as he knew
there was no carp in any of the Musk
oka lakes.
As to the chances for black bass In
the lakes where e-arp abound, he
theiught they were better than those of
any other fish. The carp was not a
fish eater like the pike, his mouth not
being so placed that he could enjoy
this diversion. He was of tbe sucker
variety and destroyed other fish
tribes by eating their eggs. The black
bass was well armed to fight the carp.
Only eight (lays eiapsed between the
laying eif bass eggs and the hatching
out eif the young fry. and during this
critical period an.l while the fry were
teio email to get out of the way of the
carp the parent bass remained on
guard and rushed bull-like at every
thing that threatened their progeny.
The bass. Mr. Sheppard said, was
the eu.ly fish which protected Its young
in this way, and it was this pugnacity
which made them such an easy prey
to tho angler during the spawning sea
son. At everything that leioked tin
usutil or dangerous the bass rushed
pell mell, and eonsequently was im
paled on the first hook which came
within reach. On this account tne
bass were particularly portected by
close season during the spawning sea
son.
The carp needed no protection, Jocu
larly remarked Mr. Sheppard. It had
got Into International waicrs and be
come nn International question fer
fl'.hesry experts, and lucky would be
them who could device Home means of
getting rid of the carp family without
destroying the other varieties. Tor
onto Mall and Empire.
An F.HItor In llllflrnllU-.
All pressmen are acquainted with the
difficulties of newspaper production,
but -the "Mafeklng Mall appe ars to have
had an exceptionally bad time. It
apologizes for the paucity of news on
account of the general breakdown of
its itaff. "We are sorry," it says, but
we could not help it. One of the staff
had rheumatics and partial paralysis
of tho shoulder, another has had a
few days' colic, and yet another could
not come to work because bis child
was dangerously ill. One left with
out notice and paid 2 for an inter
view with the resident magistrate in
consequence, and another seized the
opportunity to break into teetoatllsm.
while more terrible still, one of our
best went and got married." Such
a chapter of accidents could hardly
have been surpassed during the siege
London Chronicle.
Tim Tnnrrn of Ratnor,
The tongue ot rumor la like a sharp
Instrument in the hand of tho stealthy
asrassln. It inflicts a wound against
which the victim has no defense, for
it is aimed by a band concealed. Many
Innocent ones have suffered, peaceful
homes have been rent asunder, count
less hearts broKen and friendships de
stroyed by It. Shakespeare likens the
author ot the rumor to a thief, and this
is not bo strong a delineation ot such
a character. "He who steals my purse
steals trash, but he who robs me of
my good name takes that which ne'er
enriches him, but leaves ma poor In
deed." Too liiiptnoa.
Teas Why do you dislike him so?
Jess Oh. be says such hateful
things. He told me last evening that
beauty was only skin deep, and
Teas And you immediately proceed
ed to show him how thin-skinned you
were. Philadelphia Press.
nil Art.
"Oh, Mr. Growelle," gushed Miss
NupBon, "how did you ever learn to
paint such beautiful pictures?"
" lusked a man once," replied the ar
tist, "and he told me how." Indian
apolis News.
W
Villi.
thm llrlp Herit,
A ftlntfi elrln linnrit Is much ftlnrA
sightly and more easily kept clean
than a wooden one, yet Is much more
apt to nick th.e dlshen. A piece of cor
rugated rubber, such as is used for
rirwirft. m ft V l,n lifincrhf tnf trltlln
sum and will obviate thin difficulty.
('leaning SpongM,
Sponges will not bear boiling, and
this fact has prejudiced many care
ful peoplo against their use. They
may, however, be mndo almost antl-
septlcally clean by being placed !n
boiling wait r to which has been a.fded
a little strong ammonia. Cover the
vess l and set aside for 15 or 20 min
utes. Squeeze the sponge vigorously,
and rinse In 'old water.
In striking contrast to tho stiff, Inar
tistic pnrltr eif otlier days, whe ro ov
trythlng which win choicest was re
served for "company," Is the little re
ception room of today. Dainty and
t harming it Is, to be sure, but, never
theless, It Is a place chosen for the
guest, because It is the corner least
necessary to the family use. In the
new homes, a space 12 feet by 12
feet nt the le.ft of the staircase in us
ually set apnrt for the cellar and fitted
with conventional furnishings and dec
orations. In the living room, the Individuality
of th? family Is apparent, and It is
there tiint every ono loves to stay. In
It are gathered piano, books, pictures
and hempehold treasures. More space
If being given to this room tlien ever
in new and remodelled houses, where
It is being made as large as possible.
There is a growing tendency to lose
sight of the term "parlor." and to use
Interchangeably the terms "drawing
roeim" and "living room." New York
Sun.
A tw Marketing Rules.
There tre a few rules to remember
in buying beef, mutton or poultry
which the Inexperienced housekeeper
does well to bear In mind. To test
beef, pr3s it down with tbe thumb.
If It rises quickly the meat is good.
Beef should be fine grained, of a
br,gL red color, with streaks of clean,
riilte looking fat. The meat wiil be
tough unless there Is plenty of fat.
Mutton should be dark colored, with
the fat a ciear white.
Veal should be fat.
Soup meat should have as little fat
ns possible, and come from tbe rounu;
and also meat Intended for beef tea.
In buying fish, tbe gills should h
jeci.
Poultry ihould have smooth legs and
fhort spurs-, with the feet bending easi
ly nnd the eyes brleht. If the fowl
has begun to t'.!rn civ.? It Is not good.
Orouse and quail heith have wiite
fesh: tne pinnated grouse, however,
bus dark flesh. Uirds with white neat
lake about 10 minutes longer to cook
thtn those with dark meat.
ftSCPS
Ttmiato Chutney Staid, peel and
cut fine one dozen large ripe tomatoes,
aid to tiiem six white onions cut fine,
one cupful of vlnesar. one cupful of
Ettgar, on cupful tf raisins dopped
and seeded, salted to taste; add half a
teaspoon of white pepper, a little cay
ei.ne; boil slowly one and one-half
hours, and bottle.
Green Pepper Salad Cover the green
peppers wlta boiilng water and let
stand until you can rub off the skin3
the same as with tomatoes. Then re
move the stem end and take out the
seeds and coarse veins. Cut into thin
strips and mix with a small quantity
of fried bacon minced fine, and dress
with a sharp French dressing flavored,
with a tew drops of onion Juice.
Indian Meal Pudding Scald half a
cupful of Indian meal with two cup
fills of boiling milk; put in a double
boiler; add two more cups of milk and
cool one hour; then add two table
spoonfuls of finely shredded suet or
one tablespoonful of butter, half a cup
of molasses, half a teaspoon of cin
namon, one-quarter teaspoon of ginger,
one teaspoon of salt and one quart of
cold milk: turn Into a deep, well
greased pudding dish and bake one
hour and a bulf In a moderate oven.
Crabapple Marmalado Wash tbe ap
ples well, cut out blossom end and re
move stems and all defective parts.
Put the fruit in a preserving kettli
allowing three quarts of water to eightT
quarts of fruit. Cook slowly until soft
enough to mash to a pulp. Pryfs
through a sieve to remove core, seeds
and skins. Return to kettle and allow
a pint of granulated sugar to a pint
of the pulp. Cook until it will Just
Bpread. when a teaspoonful is placed on
a saucer.
Peach Mold Soak a level tablespoon
ful ot gelatine In a little cold water
and when soft dissolve It over hot wa
ter, add the Juice of half a lemon and
stir It Into tbe pulp and Juice of a doz
en fine, ripe peaches. Turn into a ba
sin and set in ice water to cool. As It
begins to stiffen add a pint of whipped
cream, folding it in carefully so as to
keep the mixture as light and frothy
as possible. Pour into a pialn mol(1'
ccver closely, binding the overlapping
seam with a piece of buttered muslin
and pack In Ice and salt.
!
A
L.