$ Aerial TTfmirwi.fi
V on Zsppelin's Ship Flies. $
&7
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W.t..VV.V..V.V..U.U.Yv.U.
The second trlnl of Count Zcppo
lln'a colossal nirnlilp In described In
prow reports from Frlodrlohshnfon ns
being a notnlilo success. After rlnins
to ft height of about two thousand foot,
the vessel remained poised nt thnt
level for three-quarters of nn hour. It
tlipnmnle ft series of tacks, mid went
through eertnin turning maneuvers,
flfttyVard traveling with the wind In
Whirl I described as "a generally cir
cular direction" for nlonl fix miles,
the velocity of the vlnd nt this tlino
being about eight niils nn hour. It Is
nld thnt Inter. In a freshening breeze,
the nlr ship turned nnd "ninilu hend
way" against tho wind. Eventually
the vessel descended with "grout onse
nnd steadiness to the hike," nnd wns
towed to Its shelter. The stnblllty nnd
uteoring powers of the nlrshlp are de
scribed ns being excellent.
If the above reports nre eorreet, we
still know ns little nboiit the nctunl
practical vnltio of Count Zeppelin's
machines ns wo did before. It lins
been proved merely Hint nn airship
of this kind cnu nscend. mnlntnln Its
equilibrium, nnd be navigated In nuy
desired direction, provided the wind
does not much exceed the strength of
a gentle breeze. It hns yet to be
idiown thnt In stronger winds, sny i.'
from twenty to llfty miles nn hour,
this nlrshlp enn perforin the siiino ovo-lut-'ons.
If it should show thnt It Is
COt'NT VOM ZF.rrP.LIN.
able to mnlntnln a speed of, sny, only
twenty miles nn hour against a strong
wind, ncrlul nnvlgntlon by the bnllooti
typo of airship will hnvo nn enormous
Stride In these closing dayf of the cen
tury. Enough hns been accomplished
to render the further trials of Count
Zeppelin's costly nnd cnrcfully thought
"out design a matter of world-wide In
terest. The Idea upon which Count Von Zep
pelin's success, so fnr nttnlned, ap
pears to be based. Is that the envelope
or outer portion of the balloon should
be of such mnterlnl ns to hold tho con
tained gas for ns long a period as pos
sible. The ulftleulty lias not been the
milking of gns In grcnt qunntltles nor
the buoyant power of lurgo volumes
suitably contained, but Its retention in
the envelope or receiver. Acting upon
this idea, tho Count hns produced a
material which would hold the hydro
gen, the buoyant element being the
lightest substenco known, for five
weeks without nppreclnb'e loss.
The cignr-shaped envelope hns a ca
pacity of.ll.OUO cubic metres of this
gas (one metro equal to 3D.37 Inches).
The exterior of the balloon is covered
with a protective surface of pegamoid
nnd silk. Tho total weight of the ship
nnd crew is estimated not to exceed
20,000 pounds. Tho ship when com
pleted resembles a huge cigar, innde
chiefly of aluminium. It Is 415 feet
long, nnd the cylinder proper is forty
foot In dlnmcter. The totnl depth,
Including the gondolas In which the
pnssengers sit, is about eighty feet.
Tho framework of this huge cylin
der consists of alumlulum bands,
twenty-four in number. The interior
of the clgur Is divided by sixteen ver
tical ribs into seven'teen compart
ments, each of which contains an in
dependent balloon, made of a mnterlnl
which the manufacturer calls "ballon
In." The first ascent was to have
THE AIRHIUP
October, 1800, but the
,)llcd did uot till the re
nd the first ascent did
'utU Jul 2, 1U0Q, when
V ,
mi Port $
It wns seen thnt It wns more thnn like
ly to be a success.
Tho motive power of tho big nlrshlp
Is furnished by four screws or pro
pellers nttnehed to the sides of the
elgnr, actuated by two ralmler mo
tors of fifteen horse power ench, nnd
cnpnble of turning nt the rnte of 1200
revolutions per minute. These pro
pellers nre mnde with blades of alum
inium. The action of such propellers
on air not being sufllelently well
known to the Inventor nnd his friends,
various experiments hnd to be carried
out with them. One of these wns to
attach them to a boat resting on the
wnter of Lake Constance nnd set them
DESIGN OF ZErrELIN'S AlltSIItr.
A A Alnmlnlum points; length, from A
to A, 415 tent.
MBA ring with spokos similar to those
of a bicycle whaol.
0 O Compartments or balloons.
1) 1 rontons o( the outer covering.
In motion ngnlnst the nlr In order to
see whether they would drive the boat
forwards and backwards In spite of
the extra resistance of the wnter. This
experiment wns eminently successful,
the bout being driven In cither direc
tion nt the rnte of nearly ten miles an
hour.
The cost of tho device to Count Zep
pelin before the first flight was some
thing like $100,000. Even one charge
of hydrogen gns for the bnlloon costs
In the neighborhood of $2300. Tho
Count Is now n innn of seventy, nnd
lives nt tho cnstle of Ebersberg, near
Constance, on tho Gorman side.
Ho served In tho Germnu nriny dur
ing tho French war and It Is snld thnt
no small part of his inspiration In bal
looning was derived from his experi
ence ns a scout on a dangerous trip
during that war, nnd by the desire to
see better methods of obtaining Infor
mation. It is believed that a balloon
which enn bo directed nt will enn
mnlntnln its equilibrium and descent
together without danger to the life of
occupants or to the structure hns
been last attained.
Count von Zeppelin Is satisfied with
the performance of his nlrshlp.
In a conversation with a Now York
Herald corespondent he said it hnd
boon proved thnt It wns absolutely
under tho control of tho steering ap
paratus. This apparatus, by the way, was not
TIIE AIRSHIP BEGINNING ITS FLIGHT.
In most perfect order ou tho first as
cent. Ono of tho two rudders below the
machine, at tho stern, would not work
freely. Thus, Instead of moving par
allel with each other, the rudders fre
quently formed nn nngle.
Tills defect hampered Count von
Zeppeliii very much Indeed.
It is to this fault thut he attributes
the general movement noticed in the
trial toward tho left, for at no time
did the machine make a decided flight
to the right.
The Count nlsc remarked that his de
AT FULL 8PEED.
cent liappe led earlier than be lntuud
ed.
"My aim," be said, "was to return
to th floating pontoon whence we
ftMf
"ill ili.fil'e- j''"r"U'h"7rV""V'l li' "
stnrted. 1 hnd steered the nlrshlp
around nnd was heading directly for
this pontoon, when, in coming down
somewhat from the elevation we hnd
been floating nt, the gns began to cs
cape from one of the bnlloons.
"This threw tho point of the nlrshlp
much lower than I was prepared for,
nnd our descent looanio too rapid.
"I 4hrew out somo ballast and
worked the rudder that changes the
nlr ship's piano nnd direction, but It
wns of no n?o. The mnchlne hnd too
grent an Impetus, nnd the descent wns
unavoidable."
Opinion In general is somewhat un
settled. Of course, the decisive trial hns not
yet boon, made, for the machine Is still
In the experimental stngo, though nn
undoubted step toward the achieve
ment of nerinl flight hns been mndo.
How chnrneterlstlc of this fighting
nge It Is thnt tho moment it seems
lllcely thnt the upper nlr hns been
made accessible to mankind the first
questions nsked nre: How enn we get
E E Propnllors.
F V Foremost rudders, turning on nxle
GO.
II Gondolas of nlumlnlura plates, rig
id I v nttnvhsil to the cigar.
J J Motors.
up there and fight? Shall we be able to
drop dynamite nnd lyddite from tho
skies upon the ships nnd cities of our
enemies?
Zeppelin hns without doubt filled
France with now hopes nnd England
with new fenrs. An Invasion of ltrltnln
by airships appears as a distinct pos
sibility. The battle of Dorking may bo
fought in the clouds, and "perfidious
Albion" may cease to "rule the waves"
by reason of her failure to rule tho
atmosphere. On the other hand, a sec
ond successful siege of Paris mny be
made Impossible by the airship's aid
in bringing new supplies of food to
its defenders.
Til Mortnrn Scientist.
In the olden times, snld rrofessor
Uliys In n recent address before the
Itritlsh Association, a scientist, after
once printing his views on n given
subject, stuck to them through thick
and thin, or, nt most, limited himself
to changing the place of n comma or
replnclng nn occnslonnl and by n but.
"In this way not a few groat questions
nffootlng no Inconsiderable portions of
the universe hnd been forever Bet nt
rest." and n Inrge portion of the re-
mnlnder of the scientist's life wns fre
quently devoted to defending his theo
ries. "All thnt has been changed and
what now happens Is somewhat as fol
lows: A U makes nn experiment or
propounds what ho cnlls n working
hypothesis; but no rooncr hns A It
done so thnt C P, who is engaged in
the snme sort of resonrch, proceeds to
Improve on A R. Tills, Instend of im
pelling A It to rush after C D with all
kinds of epithets nnd Insinuations thnt
his character Is deficient in all the
ordinary virtues of man, only mnkes
him go to work ngnln and sec whether
he cannot Improve on C D'a results.
nnd most likely he succeeds, for ono
discovery lends to another. It Is a
severe discipline, In which all display
of feeling is considered bnd form. Of
course every now nnd then a spirit ot
tho ruder kind discards the rules of
tho game ant attracts attention by
having tits of Vnd temper. But gen
erally speaking, tho rivalry goes on
quietly enough to tho verge of mon
otony, with tho net result that the
stock of knowledge Is increased."
Kite and llitlloon.
A feature of tho recent German man
euvers wns the use of the signal bal
loon for the transmission of orders.
SIGN All BALLOON USED AT THE BBGENZ
GERMAN MANEUVERS.
The device Is shown herewith. It hat
the feature of the bnlloon and the kite,
and. It Is said, can be sent up or
brought in for the changing of the
slguuls in quick order.
Heroes eud UloRraphera. i
She "Tell you the truth, Alfred, I
do uot believe In heroes."
He "That's funny. If you bad said
you didn't believe the people who write
their biographies, I should have
thought nothing of it." Boston Trau
scrlpt. Trying to Foal the Bachelors.
When there Is a party all of the
murrled men get together so they can
fool the old bachelors and pretend bow
Jolly they are. New York Press.
The roung woman who proposes
marriage Is only trying to wake
awe tor herself.
BALLOON AASv
Jtiarcm y
A POWERFUL ICE BREAKER.
A Hew-Nona Has ltften Int on tha (7nlqn
Knaslan Craft.
The Ice-breaker Ermack, which wns
built Inst year by Messrs. Armstrong,
Whltworth & Co., from the designs of
Admiral MakarofT, for the Russian
navy, was recently returned to New
castle, In order that tho bull might
bo lengthened, nnd the form of, her
TnK HOWLERS ICE BltEAKKR.
bow niTored. The vessel has, therefore,
boon cut In two, ns much of the bow
being removed ns possible without
placing the bont In dry dock. The sec
ond stngo In the operations hns Just
been reached, and the launching of tho
now bow successfully carried out. Tho
now bow Is of such . shape thnt, un-
LAUNCHING THK NEW BOW FOB THE
ERMACK.
aided, the structure would hnve boon
unable to maintain nn upright posi
tion, and therefore a large steel pon
toon was. built, and securely riveted to
the sides of tho bow. Itallnst was
carefully placed, to prevent any ten
dency of the bow to tip luring the
THE NEW BOW OP THE EltMACK IN THH
WATER.
launching, nnd special precautions In
tho wny of shoring nnd timbering
were carried out. Th" curious-looking
structure went Into the wnter without
tho slightest dllllculty, and floated
within an Inch of the calculated
draught. The length of tho new bow
is seventy-five foot, and the launching
weight wns nonrly fiOO tons.
' AN HONORED SCOTSMAN.
Donald Gordon, the Utieen'a New High
land Attendant.
The London Graphic says; Consta
bio Donald Gordon, of Motherwell, has
Just been appointed to tho post of
Highland Attendant to tho Queen.
Gordon was summoned before Her
Majesty, at Balmoral, on Thursday
last, and receiving the appointment left
Motherwell to take up his duties. He Is
twenty-eight years of age, and has boon
connected with tho Lanarkshire Con
stabulary In Motherwell for the past
four yenrs. It mny be mentioned thnt
DONALD GORDON.
Gordon hns previously been In th(
service of the Queen, having been for
a cotiBlderahio time mounted messen
ger to Her Majesty, His father bus
also been for a long period In the
Queen's private service. Gordon's fel
low constables presented him before
leaving with a dressing case and othei
urtlclet as a token of their esteem.
Kew Implement l'or Soldiers.
An Implement to be added to the
soldier's kit, which cnu be used as a
spade, pick-axe or saw ami also a a
shield for protection from bullets, hni
been luveuied by the Ir.nrl of Wemyss
It 1 said that the contrivance is U
be adopted by tbe British army.
H 3
New York City. The comfort nnd
tonvenlonce of the basque that can be
fvorn with or without; an additional
fcrnp requires no urging. Th ndmlrn-
TIGHT PITT1NO BASQUE.
ble May Manton model hero Illustrated
Includes all the latest features, and Is
well adapted to all the season's cloths,
cheviots nnd the like; but as shown Is
of earners hair clbcllnc In a deep warm
tnn.
The fronts are curved to give n
graceful rounded figure and nre fitted
with" single darts. The backs Include
side-backs and under-arm gores, and
can be trusted to give the desired
riUNCESS GOWN.
tapering effect to tho figure. The neck
Is finished with a regulation turn-over
collar that forms notches with tho
fronts, which roll back to form lapels
In coat style. Tho sleeves aro two
seamed, finished only with stitching nt
cuff depth, Tho basque Is closed at the
front with small tailor buttous and
buttonholes.
To cut this basque for a womnn of
medium size four nnd one-eighth yards
of material twenty-one Inches wide,
two ynrds forty-four Inches wide, or
ono nnd five-eighth ynrds fifty inches
wide, will be required.
Ladles1 I'rlneivi Gown.
No other gowu takes the place of the
well fitted princess tlutt becomes sim
ple or elaborate as the 'material Is sim
ple or costly. The admirable Mny
Manton model illustrated in the large
engraving Is of cashmere In tho new
rich red known ns dahlia, with trim
ming of blnck applique and small but
tous, but Henrietta in any color,
French flannel, challlo and a host of
other materials cau be substituted.
The fronts nre fitted with slnglo
darts, bidden beneath tho trimming,
but curve to give a graceful outline.
The back Includes both slde-bncks and
under-arm gores that fit to n nicety
without being over-tight, llelow the
waist line la nn Inverted pleat that
allows of additional fulness In the
skirt and adds greatly to the stylish
effect The sleeves are two-seamed in
correct stylo, the lower edges being
lengthened, faced nnd turned back to
form slightly flurlug cuffs. At the
neck Is a high collar with turn-over
portlous attached.
To cut this gown for a woman ot
medium size nine and a half yards of
material, twouty-ono inches wide, six
nnd a half yards twenty-seven inches
wide, or four nnd three-quarter yards
forty-four Inches wide, will bo re
quired. For tllrl of Twelve.
A school girl wears a frock of Scotch
tartau In dark green and deep blue and
black. It Is made up on the straight,
uot on the hem, where a scanty flounce
la aet on like a "cut skirt." A baud
of black velvet covers the Join. The
bodice buttous up tbe back. In front
U La Moused considerably. About tbe
shoulders It Is cut out to show a deep
yoke nnd collnr of taffeta silk, light
blue In color. This Is bordered with
blnck velvet, and It continues down to
the bolt. Tho sleeve, terminates In a
cuff, with two bauds of black velvet
on It.
Whnt Little Olrls Wear.
Little girls wenr a great deal of sorgo
when they discard wash frocks ns the
season advances. There Is little change
In tho style of making up such a gown.
The old-time snllor collnr blouse with
Its shield divides custom with the
sorgo suit which hns plain Jackets and
skirt This last requires a shirt wnlst.
These nre the usual models for school
suits.
Flounced White I'eltlconts.
Frupch women hnve nl ways been very
partial to white petticoats, trimmed
with much flouncing nnd many ynvds
of Uce, nnd once more they nre becom
ing fashionable, and nre ousting the
silk ones from the popularity they
have so long enjoyed.
A Fuvorlto Fur.
rtlnck fox showing a few white bnlts
is reported as one of tho favorite furs
for boas.
Child's Apron.
The apron that Is attractive at the
same time thnt It protects tho gown it
a necessity to every well dressed little
girl. The pretty May Manton model
hero shown Is essentially useful at
the same time that It Is dainty and
smart, and Includes the bolero sugges
tion thnt is a feature of the seiann. and
so becoming to childish llgin.. A
shown, tho mnterlnl Is nainsook, with
trimming of bending, through which
ribbon Is run, tho nrm's-eyes being fin
ished with sleeve frills of needlework,
but dimity, lawn nud all tho range of
famllinr warh atuJs aro equally ap
propriate. Tho apron Is shaped with front and
back portions and is Utted by means of
shoulder nnd under arm seams. At
tho upper edge aro laid tiny tucks,
which glvo tho bolero effect nud below
which tho fulness falls In soft folds to
the hem of the skirt. Tho trimming
is nppllcd over tho upper edgo and the
base of the tucks. Tin aprou Is closed
at the buck with buttons nnd button
holes. At the lower edgo is a deep
hem thnt enn bu hemstitched or sim
ply trimmed, ns preferred. At tho
nrm's-eyes, forming an cptiulette-llke
finish, nre graduated frills that nre
wider at tho shoulder nud uarow be
neath the arms.
To cut this apron for a girl of six
vonrn nf aire two and a nunrter yards
of material thirty-six Inches wldo will
bo required, with two ynrds or ueau-
child's Ariiox.
lug, one and five-eight yard ot uccdlo
work four Inches wide, nut) three nud
a bait yards of velvet ribbon to trim
as Illustrated.
f
M
A