Science Guards Baby's Dinner.
$
An bjcct Lesson to Young Mothers Regarding the Proper fc
Care of the Nursing Bottle.
Tlint the ntirnliiff bottle, either di
rectly or Indirectly, Is the cause of the
majority of deaths of Infants Is the
consensu of opinion among the best
medical niithorltles. Much ns hns
been written and prayed and preached
Against It, there are few mothers who
regard the. nursing bottle with the
proper amount of fear which It ln
fiires In the man of science.
"Always remember that there Is a
risk a (treat risk however enrcful
yon are. In bringing "P your baby on
the lwttle." was the advice given a
young mother the other day by Mrs.
M. C. Dunphy, the superintendent of
Randall's iHltmd, New York City.
The you nit mother. Hie wife of a
well-to-do Harlem tradesman, had
pone over to the Island to llnd out how
milk and milk bottles and nursing nip
ples were really sterilized. She had
read In the papers and the magazines
hundreds of directions, and none of
them scei.ied to agree, or else the di
rections were not worded plainly. Her
threc-months'-old baby was not thriv
ing, and she very wisely determined to
have somebody show her exactly how
to sterilize milk and bottle and nurs
ing nipples.
Like hundreds of other would-be
scientific mothers, this one had been
"'sterilizing" milk by simply Immers
ing the bottles In water and allowing
them to remain until the water rem lied
the boiling point, and as a matter of
fact the milk was thereby rendered
?von more dangerous than before It
had boon sterilized.
The mother was then shown I y sim
plified process how she could prepare
her baby's milk at home with the Joy
ful certainty that after sterilizing It
was absolutely pure and germ proof.
At Randall's Island they have the
most complete facilities for the sue-
I 1 oO1 ,V '
cessl'ul rearing of "bottle babies" of
nny place In the world. The first pro
cess consists of straining the milk,
which Is done by a patent separator,
for Ilandall's Island Is raising Just
now 140 babies on the bottle.
The straining of the milk Is a most
Important feature, and can be done
quite as well at homo as at Randall's
Island. Mrs. Dunphy showed the
young mother how. Taking two yards
of cheese cloth which had already been
boiled twenty minutes, she folded this
Into a little bundle about eight Inches
square, laid It In nn earthenware pie
plate and placed the pinto in a hot
-oven, where it remained until the top
fold began to get brown. A coarse
towel was also put In the oven at the
en mo time.
Nine little squares were cut out of
the cheese cloth with bright clear sels
ors. Three of these squares were tied
over a common milk strainer, the milk
was poured through Into another simi
lar strainer, similarly fixed with steril
ised cheese cloth, und still through an
other strainer.
It Is appalling how much dirt and
dust there is even in the cleanest milk.
A correct
Ml"
tlfm
PtmiNQ THE JJOmjisJ INTO THE BOILER.
milk was then put into a largo
;ht bottle, and the bottle set luto
i got very cold, but not to freeze.
J sufficiently cold It was poured
in eight ounce nursing bottle not
one of the old-fashioned death-dealing
horror with n long ruhlier tube, but
with Just n single rubber nipple.
Mrs. Dunphy tilled ten bottles, the
requisite number for one baby. The
bottles were Inserted In cylinders,
bound together for convenience by a
tin band. These cylinders can be
made b nny tinsmith for twenty-flve
or thirty cents per set of ten. The
bottles, corked up tightly, the cylin
ders were set in n pnri-clnln kettle full
of lukewarm water. Just large enough
to hold them without allowing them
THE COOL1NU
to wabble.. The kettle was placed on
n cook stove and the water allowed to
bubble and boll around the bottles for
not less than twenty minutes. Then
It was pronounced sterilized.
Lifting the cylinders out of the ket
tle, they were set In n sink nnd the
cold Witter faucet turned on. It is
very Important that the milk should
be thus cooled nnd In running wnter
before being put li the Icebox; If put
In the Icebox immediately after taking
from the boiling water the milk gets
cold too quickly, and all the beneficial
results of the sterilizing are neutral
ized. The milk must then bo kept on Ice
until time for feeding the baby, when
the bottle Is ngiiin immersed In hot
water until the milk Is heated to 08
degrees, or the warmth of mother's
milk.
After feeding, just ns quickly ns pos
sible, the bottle nnd nipple must be
rinsed in cold water, then put In a ket
tle with a piece of horns and allowed
to boll for twenty minutes.
While the bottles wero boiling Miss
Margaret McCarthy, the assistant su
pervising nurse, allowed the young
mother how to sterilize the bottles nnd
nipples after they came out of the
water,
. "Never lay a bottle on Its side, but
turn It up," said Miss McCarthy,
"Many mothers Imagine If they have
boiled nipples and laid them on the
window sill to dry In the sun that nil
tho germs are destroyed. That Is all
wrong. The warm sunshine only
warms the little stray germs Into life."
Two folds of the sterilized choeso
cloth wero then laid on a piece of
clean, unpaintcd board a kneading
bonrd Is a good thing and the bottles,
necks downward, wero dropped Into
tho Interstices of a wire rack and al
lowed to drain on to the cheesecloth.
The nipples were dried with a piece of
tho same sterilized material and -then
wrapped In cheesecloth. The remain
der of the cheesecloth was folded up
In the sterilized towel and put away
until time to go through the same pro
cess lu the evening.
The milk should be prepared twice a
day mornings and evenings; that is,
enough should be prepared at one time
In the morning to last nil day, and in
the evening to last until next morn
ing. More than that should never be
sterilized, because, while the milk may
keep sweet a much longer time it loses
much of its nutritive power if allowed
to grow the lease bit stale.
If baby appears to be not thriving,
and the mother can determine this by
weighing it carefully every other day,
then Its milk Is not agreeing with it,
and A physician should be consulted
Immediately. The healthy baby will
Increase In weight between certain
ages, while at others It will remain al
most uniform, but it will never lose
weight. The falling off In weight of
even nn ounce or two means some
thing, and what this something Is nono
but the physician should determine.
In Just what proportions to dilute
the milk after it has neen sterilized
nnd bottles and nipples made germ
proof, Is a question often asked by
mothers through the columns of news-
riiOOESH.
papers. No general rule can be formu
lated to answer this question. That Is
something which the physician alone
can det?rmlne. The formula that will
agree perfectly with one baby often
proves the death of another. Each
baby requires individual attention,
and the wise mother will avoid any
thing except professional advice re
garding the preparation of her baby's
milk.
If the mother nt homo will guard tho
nursing bottle for one mite of a baby
with ns much rigor ns Mrs. Dunphy
and her assistants look to tho bottles
for their 142 babies, tho death rate
among city children might be reduced
DRAINING THIS BOTTLES OH STERILIZED
CHEE8B CLOTH.
to a minimum within tho next two
years.
The Randall's Island babies, poor
little waifs picked up In doorways,
railway stations, deserted warehouses
and occasionally fished out of damp,
leaky old scows or garbage cans, wax
strong and flourish on a bottle diet,
while the child of well-to-do parents,
living in a comfortable home, often
dies of neglect that is, neglect of the
milk bottle.
The Randall's Island babies are In-
vnr'ably more dead than nllve when
they reach tho hospital. Every so of
ten when tLe shabby little bundle Is
unrolled on arrival It Is discovered
that the little feet are stiff and cold,
and many a feeble life ebbs out ere
the boat that carries tho frail burden
Is moored to the landing.
And still a larger percentage of these
babies live and grow Into strong.
hearty children than any other class
of bottle-fed Infants, not because they
are pampered HUd cared for like hot
house flowers, for where there are 142
babies there Is no time for pampering,
but because the milk bottle is feared,
as It must be by all conscientious
mothers. New York Herald. ,
A Little MUtake in Medali.
The chief ofllcer of a Yorkshire yeo
manry regiment, while congratulat
ing one of the troops on its appear
nnce, made a stirring allusion to tho
medals worn by some army veterans
In the ranks. One of the men, a na
tive of Wharf dale, afterward went
home In n very thoughtful frame of
uilnd, and ucxt morning he came on
parade with several medals on bis
breast. Suld the ofllcer,"I didn't know
you had been In the regulars." "No,
I ain't," said the man. "Well, how
about the medals, then, my good fel
low? They can't be yours." The man
promptly answered: "Cuu't theyl Aye,
but they be. My old coo won 'em all
lit Otley Show." Upper Whnrfdnle.
Fos-Huutlus rarmoi,
There are still In Eiigluud two rep
resentatives of the old-time fox-bunt-tug
parson. These are the Iter E.
lug parson. These are the Rer. E.
uolds, who are respectively masters
of the Cattistock and Conlston pucka.
mm
17'. I
A UNIFORM FOR WOODMEN.
Dm For Cold Wmthrt Adopted hy
Montana Foreter,
The forest superintendents nnd
woodsmen In Montana have recently
adopted a uniform, ns shown In the ac
companying photograph, which Will
be worn by them whllo ranging In tho
public forest reservations In that State
during the winter. These uniforms
have been submitted to the Secretary
of tho Interior nnd tho Commissioner
of the General Land Office, nnd efforts
A MONTANA WOODMAN.
may he made to have all Government
forest employes furnished with similar
clothing. These men are exposed to
much bad weather. A suitable uni
form Is certainly essential to their per
forming their duties satisfactorily.
Now that the forest reservations
have become a source of revenue to
the Government, tho duties of the for
esters are more Important, nnd their
Instructions are more rigid. In 1S!)8
there was cut and sold about $300,000
worth of timber from Western forest
reserves. With proper care of the for
ests and an efficient corps of men to
guard against forest fires, It is ex
pected that this revenue will steadily
Increase.
Timber Is in every country nn Im
portant natural product, nnd In this
country it hns been especially plenti
ful, but up to within four or five years
the American forests were nllowed to
run down nnd left in n bad condition.
Since Commissioner Ringer Ilermnn
became the official head controlling
the forests many schemrs have been
instituted to repair the damaged for
ests, nnd their present Improved con
dition Is largely due to his strenuous
efforts. One of his most recent
schemes Is tho telephono system,
which was established In California
last spring. This system was only an
experiment, but In nil probability it
will eventually be extended to nil for
est reserves In the United States
New York Tribune.
RUBBER BISCUITS.
The Shape In Which the l'ara Frodnct
U Khliietl,
To form tho biscuits, the natives
take long stakes of wood, sometimes
pointed at the end, and quite frequent
ly shaped like a paddle, dip them luto
the sap buckets or basins, holding
thcra In the smoke after each dipping
until the successive films of rubber
solidify nrouud them. A biscuit of
Tarn rubber, therefore, represents the
slow and laborious accumulation of
hundreds of dippings, so that qulto a
stretch of tho imagination would be
necessary to nrrlvo nt the number of
dippings required to form the huge
Tara biscuit Illustrated herewith,
which weighs 1120 pounds, and mens.
ures four feet five Inches In height.
ri'BUEU BISCCIT.
three feet five Inches in diameter and
nluo feet four inches in circumference,
Such Immense masses of crude rubber
are said to ucttially represent a loss to
the grower, beljg used principally by
importers for exhibition purposes.
Sometimes tho natives use a stoue as
a nucleus, and, to prevent this method
of securing an Illegitimate profit, thtf
biscuits are split In halves before ship
ment so as to reveal the-stake bolo
running through the middle.
Silent llallroad Signal.
Railway whistles inflict tortures on
so mauy people that Austria has Intro
duced a system of slleut signaling.
Belgium Is trying compressed' air whis
tles Instead of steam, aud Germany
experiment with- Uwrus,
THE REALM
New York City. - No mntter how
many jackets and coats a woman may
possess her wnrdrolK! Is incomplete
without a capo that can be utilized
TUCKED CAFE.
for theatre wear nnd all those occa
sions which mean removing the out
side wrap. The smnrt May Mnnton
model Illustrated includes all the
latest features and Is comfortable nt
the samo time thnt It Is easily made.
As shown, the material Is doe colored
satin-faced cloth, with yoke of darker
velvet and trimming of embroidered
nppllque, while the cape Is lined with
fancy taffeta In light shades, but cloth
of any color, drnp d'ete, Henrietta or
penu de sole can be substituted, with
nny trimming nnd lining preferred.
The pointed yoke nnd high, flaring
collar are cut together, but In sections,
which allow of a perfect fit. The
cloth thnt makes tho cape proper Is
laid alt around In backward turning
pleats, forming nn inverted plent at
the centre back. Each pleat is stitched
Its entire length one-half Inch from
tho edge to form tho narrow tucks.
The pleats are then laid narrower at
tho top nnd widening tow; rd the bot
tom and are pressed and tacked on the
underfold to position. Tho cape por
tion Is attached to A shallow yoke of
lining, over which tho yoke collar Is
laid. The stitching not alone Is ornn-
DOUBLE BI1EA.6TED ETON.
mental, It holds the pleats In a way to
avoid all clumsiness, yet allows them
to flare sufficiently for grace, but It
may be omitted and tho edges left
plain.
To mnko this cape for a womnn of
medium size six yards of material
twenty-one Inches wide, three nnd a
quarter yards forty-four Inches wldo
or three and a quarter yards fifty
inches wide, with ono nnd an eighth
yards of velvet for collar, will be re
quired. Double-Breaated Eton Jacket.
Every possible variation of tho Etou
Jacket Is shown among the Imported
gowns. Tho stylish May Mnnton mod
el shown In the large engraving Is ad
mirable for both separate Jackets nnd
suits. For tho latter use cloth of all
sorts Is appropriate, os is velvet, which
Is much worn for occasions of formal
dress. For general wear heavier cloth'
nnd heavy cheviot have the preference,
although black velvet Is to have nn
extended vogue for visiting and church
wear. As shown, the Jacket is de
signed for a costume of soft tan col
ored broadcloth, with bauds of white,
edged with tiny silk ball button trim
ming that matches tho cloth. With
the skirt is worn a deep draped bodice
belt of soft silk, which la shown nt
the back, where tho Jacket slopes up
to produco the fashionable short
walsted effect, " "' .
Tho back Is seamless and fits with
perfect smoothness; the fronts are
lifted by menus of single darts nnd lap
one over the other in double-breasted
stylo. At tho tipper edge of tho right
front nre three ornamental buttons
that, with the buttonholes, keep tho
jacket closed. At tho neck Is a stand
ing collar, with double flaring portion
that rest against the hair. The sleeves
nre two-seamed nud llaro over the
hands.
To make this jacket for a woman of
medium size three and three-quarter
yard of material twenty-one inches
wide,, two yards forty-four Inches
wldo, or one aud a half yards fifty
Inches wide,- will be required.
The Bayadere KHeel,
Wide pieces vt lace Insertion are
applied in dlugoual lines across the
klit ot a taffeitf. silk gown, thus glv-
m.
OF FASHION.
3:
Ing It a modified Hayadere aspect.
This effect should not be attempted
by n very short womnn, as the ar
rangement of lines tends to make the
figure look abbreviated. With such!
a gown tho same Idea should be car
rled out on the -bodice. The waist
should bo cut double-breasted across
the chest nnd fasten on the left side.
This Is the best model for displaying
diagonal Hues of Insertion on m
bodice.
Mndliih Fens. '
The smnll fans which will be ear
rled with handsome gowns show the
cut-out effect of so ninny other things.
There nre white Inee flowers on black
net, the net showing only on closest
examination and the flowers standing
oft by themselves, conventionalized tu
lips perhaps, or beautiful flour de lis
with a few silver spangles to brighten
them, set In black handles. Or the
black lnce fans will have spangles of
gold nnd handles of gold and black.
White for fcf filter VeaS
Ttire white toilets are to be as popu
lar during the winter season ns they
have been during the summer, and are
being prepared In rlotli ns often ns In
lighter mnterlnls for house and even
ing wear. The white cloth gown and
white felt bnt. In combination with
heavy furs, will be n favorite fnd ot
the woman to whom expense and dur
nblllty nre of no concern. J
Ren nulla nn Mnfl.
Sen gulls nre used for the body of
till (Ton muffs and fancy smnll cape
collars to match; one gull on either
shoulder, the heads pointing down on
the bust. Two birds nre also used for
the muff with chiffon frills nt either
end.
Illark nnd (told.
Black velvet embroidered with gold
Is used for decoration on the new
rough materials. Zybellnc Is especially
pretty ornamented In this way.
ladlea' Morning Jacket.
A simple breakfast jacket mnkes an
essential part of every wardrobe.
There arc days and hours when even
a shirt waist Is Irksome, nnd nothing
takes the pluce of a Jacket that Is per
fectly comfortnhlo nnd easy, yet does
not degenerate Into the negligee that
can bo worn lu bed or dressiug room
only. The tasteful May Manton mod
el sliown Is suited to flannel of various
weights aud qualities, from the fine
French to the simple outing, and nil
wnshuhle stuffs. As Illustrated, It Is
made of the Scotch sort that contains
just enough cotton to nllow of wash
ing without harm. In cream white,
with stripes of blue, nnd Is trimmed
with fancy blue braid about tho scal
lops. Tho jacket Is fitted loosely nt the
front, but Is snug enough for neatness
nnd style. The backs are cut In
French stylo with a curved seam at
the centre nnd nre joined to tho fronts
by broad under. arm gores that nro
pimped to give a graceful outline to
tho figure. At tho'neck Is n deep turn
over collar thnt can be worn with a
simple ribbon tie. The sleeves are
two-seamed, snug without lining tight,
and flare becomingly over the hands.
To make this jacket for a woman of
IJORWNQ JACKET.
medium size three aud five-eights
yards twenty-seven inches wide, or
two and three-quarter yards thirty
two Inches wide,, will be required.
mm