WHERE SOLDIERS FELL
THE GOVERNMENT'S THREE CREAT
MILITARY PARKS.
Dow the flnlllrflpliU or f hlrksmaitn,
Orttyslinrg unit Slillnli Will Look lo
the Coming lcniriitlon-Momp of the
Ctmrnrtrrlstlri Moniiiiirnts Krt-itrd.
The Government has created three
elaborate National military pinks on
the three grentest battlefields of the
Civil Win Chickamnuga, Gcttvslmrg
nnd H.hiloh. It is intended tlint they
shall servp ns permanent object lesson
of American courage and vnlor, mitt
each of them w ill lip constructed on n
scale of magnificence not to lie sppn
elsewhere in the whole world.
None of these pnrks will lie merely
ornamental plensure ground. The
Jirime idea is to restore those historic
fields to substantially the condition
they were in nt the titties of tlip 1 nt t !,
ml, in harmony with tlint idea, tlip
pnrks to lie pi-piitpil on their sites will
lip devoted strictly to tlip illustration
of the supreme struggles which ren
dered thi'in fatuous for (lie lipnptlt of
fntnrp generations rnther than of sur
viving participants. In these parks
every incident of the buttle will be
treated from the impartial standpoint
of history, without sectional animosity
or him, mul in nil the marking and
monument rigid justice w ill lie shown
nlike to the vanquished nnd victors.
Chickiimaugii nnd Hhiloh were the most
mptnornlile contests of the wnr in the
West, and Gettysburg wn the most
momentous conflict in the Enst, nnd in
nil three the most distinguished Gen
eral. I'nion nnd Confedcritte, pom
innnded, nnd troops from tvpicnl sec
tions fought, so tlint by securing nnd
prpsprvuig those field intnet n retire
scntnfive example of the greatest
Jintttes of the Civil Wnr the Govern -iiipnt
w ill lie nhle to perpetuate their
history in n concrete physicnl firm for
nil time to come.
Kncli of those thrpp linttlps, however,
wn in n mensiire representntive of the
whole country. Twenty-nine of the
thirty-three Htntcs enst of thp llocky
Mountains, which comprispil the
Union nt the ontlireiik of thp wnr, lind
troops in tlip C hit-kiimnuga nml Clint
0E.NEH.Vti VIV.W OP THK f!F.TTYHIlflt(t llATTt F. ril'.l.D lltOM Kl'M.MIT Ol
I ITTI.E lUUNll TUP. HEM IN All V lillXiE IN Till: DISTANCE.
tnnoogn enmpnigus, nnd five of those
Htntes Kentucky, Tennessee, MiH
Houri, West Virginia nnd Maryland
lind troops on both sides. Nearly every
Northern Stnte, nnd likewise nenrly
every Soutliern.wns engaged nt Gettys
burg, nnd nt Hhiloh were troops from
twenty ditVeient Stntes, North nnd
South. The Battle of Chicknmniign
(September lit nnd 20, lHliH). is re
garded by militnry experts ns the best
demonstration of the pluck, endurance,
prowess nml strntegy of the American
soldier ever given. Measured by per
centages of losses and the duration of
the fighting, it was the deadliest battle
of modern times. Its sequel nnd com
panion piece, Chattanooga (November
2 4 mid 25, 18)13), is considered the grand
est spectncnlnr engagement. Ho Gettys
burg (July 1, 2 mul 3, lHCD), eorre
npouding with Chicknmauga for East
ern operations, ami surpassing it iu
vorld-wide renown, registered the
bighwater mark of American courage
. - nml achievements iu arms, anil stands
to-day as the pre-eminent battlefield of
the Western Continent. An to Hhiloh,
it furnished an admirable examplv of the
peculiar characteristics of the Ameri
can soldier nml his adaptability in
sudden anil unexpected emergencies,
rxciHEX cxiox MoxtmnxT, oettysbubo
BATTLEF1KI.D.
anil constitutes n fittiug third in the
trio of our greatest battlefields.
Wbeu completed the park will be the
most comprehensive and extended
military object lesson in the world. It
contains 7000 acres, and the central
driveway, passing through and over
looking all the heavy fighting ground,
is twenty miles long. The old roads
of the battles have been reopened and
new roads closed. Over forty miles of
the main roads of the field have been
rebuilt in substantial manner. The
details of the six battles Chicks
mauga, Missionary Ridge, Lookout
Mountain, Orchard Knob, Wnuhntchle
ninl Brown's Fprry are net forth upon
historical tablet within the pnrk.
These tnlilets, numbering nlMint 2011(1
In nil, nre enst iron plates, four feet liy
three feet, with embossed letters.
osk or Tiir runiT xiiF.i t. mumcmfsts musk
ixu srors win nit iihiuaiif. i kmmashkiis wkiik
KII.I.KH, I'llll KMt:il.
Affpr casting, thp pliitcs wprp glazed
Mnck nml the eniliosspil letters
whitened, making the inscriptions dis
tinct nt a distance, Ench plnte eon
tnins from 'Jllll to till! words of his
toricnl text, nnd is fastened to nn iron
post, set in concrete. They mnrk the
positions of nrmy hpndipmrters, corps,
divisions nnd brigades, lioth Union
nnd Confederate, mul the pnrts taken
liy ench organization ure concisely
stilted.
It is left to the States having troops
in the linttles to erect monuments to
regiment nml Imtteries, mul to the
militnry societies mul the larger or-
gniiizntinnn, such ns corps, divisions
mul brigndes, to erect their own mon
uments. Nine hnndsoine granite mon
nmpiits, nit different, to the United
States regulars, have lippn set up liy
the (luvernmeiit, nt n eost of $lfiiM)
ench. F.ltrtit tivrnniidal iiioiiiimeuts.
ench ten feet high, constrncteil of
eight-inch shells, have lieen elected to
murk the spots where brigade pom
innndprs on ench side were killed.
Ench luittery pngnged is to lie mnrked
in its most important fighting position
by Runs mul carriages of the patterns
used in the Imttle. There nre thirtv-
five of these positions for ench nrinv
on the Chickamnugn Meld alone. Five
observation towers of iron nnd steel.
seventy feet high, have been built, two
on Missionary ltiilgo nml three on
Chickniiinuga Held, from which the
whole landscape below appears clear
ami recognizable with its markings.
All designs nml inscriptions for mon
uments nml tablets have to be submit
ted first to the Chickamnuga National
Fark Commission and receive npiirov
nl by the Secretary of War iu order to
insure reasonable uniformity .nnd liar
ninny, as well as artistic propriety ami
historical accuracy. All monuments
must be either of durable stone or
bronze, nml all inscriptions must con
form to the official reports ami be pure
ly historical.
Under the law establishing n Na
tional park at Gettysburg, introduced
by General Daniel E. Sickles, the
Government at once proceeded to ac
ipiire the 800 acres and rights of way
over avenues owned by the Gettysburg
Battle Field Memorial Association, anil
also to acquire other lands on the bat
tie field bv ntirchnse or pomloniiintiiiti
Additional roads will be opened ami
tablets will be set up definitely mark
ing the lines of the troops on both
sides. The rights, however, of States
and military organizations to plats of
ground on wuieh nmrkors ami monu
ments have already been placed, will in
uowise lie prejudiced. The Gettys
burg National Park Commission, like
that of the Chickmnauga Fark, will co
operate with State commissions in fix
iug positions that are not yet detenu
iued.
A Rpecinl and noteworthy feature of
the Gettysburg Park, authorized iu the
Sicklos law, is a huge bronze tablet on
a pedestal bearing a medallion likeness
of President Lincoln and the whole of
his immortal address on the occasiou of
the National Cemetery dedication at
uettysnurg on November IS), 18(i3.
There are now nearly 82,000,000
worth of monuments on the Gettysburg
neld erected by states aud regimental
organizations and military societies.
But until a few years ago there were no
lines of battle marked, aud a visitor to
the field, noticing the absence of
monuments on the Confederate Bide,
would be prompted to ask: "Against
whom were the Union troops fighting?1
This lack has been supplied, and the
lines of fall troops carefully indicated
by tablets, as at Chickamnuga, without
eeusure and without praise, and, above
all, with historical accuracy.
The Bhiloh Military Park' for which
Congress passed an authorizing act un
der the lead of Representative David
B. Henderson, of Iowa, comprises
about 8000 acres, woods and farming
lands. Over 4000 Confederates lie
buried on that bard-fought field (April
0 and 7, lHfi2), and in the Nntionnl
cemetery nre JHMIO Union ilenil. A
pomtnission like those of ChlekniimiiR
nml (IcttyslmrK linn located the Imttla
lines nml sites for tnlilets nnd monu
ments for the 25R organizations en
gaed in the tinttle. The nrrmiKPinetit
f ronds nnd nriunile soetions hns been
ilnceil under the supervision of the
est lmulscnpe nrclutects procnrnliln
liy the Wnr Department. The regula
tions rs to tnlilets nml monuments will
lie uniform for nil three pnrks Chicka-
liinngn, (lettyslitliR nnd Shiloli.
A PNEUMATIC BOAT.'
t'onslrnrtrtl nf llnlilirr unit Inllntril liy
siiitnn of Air Tulips
Ilonts nml pneumntin tires nre now
mnnufnctnreil on the snme principle.
Die Infest crnft of this sort construct'
ed can lie ilellated nml packed In one
oriier of n trunk, together with the
ninteil oars used to propel it. It is
npnlile of carrying pomfortnlilr from
three to six persons. It is durable mid
absolutely safe, being non capsizable.
If tilled with water it would still II oat
several hundred pounds.
Uipsp rubber lionts nre totally un
like anything ever before ponstrnetpd,
except tlint rubber hns in the past been
useil for pontoons. There nre two
kinds. One is of rubber cloth, with
TflR PMRI'MATIO IIOAT
continuous nir chamber around the
top, which is made in two separate
compartments. On ench side the oar
locks nre buckled. the onrs slip in
nml out of these little rowlocks, but
nre not fastened by thole pins. There
is nlso nil nir tube running lengthwise
under the centre of the bont. This
serves ns n keel nnd nlso ns a bumper.
Ihe other style is, perhaps, the most
notable. It is given full form ami
rigidity iu inflated tubes running
lengthw ise. The oarlocks are buckled
in to the sides of the top roll. When
being transported these boats are
placed in a small case, something like
n vnlise, nml enn be either enrried iu
tlint form, or, ns stated, iu a trunk.
Both bunts nre made iu four separate.
compartments, and nre fitted with
either pneumatic seats or sents of
plunk, ns mny be desired.
It is not only in culm wnters that
the bout has been tested, but it has
been given an ample trial in New York
harbor, well down toward Handy Hook,
on several occasions when a rather
heavy sea wns running. The result
has been to show that the craft pos
sesses any amount of buoyancy, and
mips either n heavy swell or a consul
ernble sea and ships very little water,
One boat of this description, with six
persons aboard, mnde the journey to
l'ei til Aiiiboy on a day when It was nl
most hazardous for small sailboats in
the open without meeting disaster of
any sort nml hardly wetting the clothes
of its passengers.
The method of inflating or deflating
the craft differs with the size. The
arrangement for holding the nir is such
that it is hard to conceive nn accident
that would disable it so that the air
would eseaiie. While it is not an un
common matter for the tire of a bicycle
to be punctured, the material of the
rubber boat is so much heavier aud so
carefully prepared to resist the imiiact
of even a sharp pointed instrument
that the danger of a puncture is hardly
among , the possibilities. In any
event, it would withstand a much
heavier shock than the ordiunry bont.
nml for tlint reason alone promises to
be of value. New lork Herald,
A 'lm-k lnrlen.
A clock garden, whose flowers will
tell the time of dny, is being planned
by Instructor H. A. Ouisterhout ol
the Botanical Division of the Uuiver
sity nt Berkeley, Cal. He proposes to
cultivate such a garden on the Uui
versify grounds, arranging the plants
iu dial form. The hours anil half
hours are to be indicated by the sue
cessive opening and closing of buds.
."The flowers will be arranged like
a clock, said Mr. Ouisterhout, "and iu
the early morning they would begin to
bloom the dillurent varieties at tlif
ferent periods, according to the light
aud heat. Gradually tho opening ol
flowers would extend around the cir.
cle, uutil at night the circle would be
all iu bloom. The first gurdeu of the
kind was at Upsala, Sweden, by the
Botanist Linneas. There is also one
iu Paris, and etf'orts have been made
to cultivate them in the Eastern States,
but, owing to the elements, they have
not been very successful. I think the
California climate is suitable for such
an experiment." New York Commer
cial Advertiser.
Kalled lha Hike Thief.
We note the pretty story of the biter
bit which comes from Pasis: A few
days ago a bicycle was stolen from the
front of a cafe on the boulevards.
Prompted by a happy inspiration, the
owner put an advertisement in the
Ganlois, stating that he desired to
purchase a machine, and describing
pretty accurately the one he had just
lost. The plan was perfectly success
ful, for next day the thief appeared
wanting to sell the advertiser's bicycle,
aud was promptly handed over to the
police, London Globe.
There are thirty-seven newspapers
and periodicals published in Guate
mala, aeoording to a recent consular
report. Of this number seven are
dailies, fourteen weeklies and twelve
are issued onoe a month.
A NOVELTY IN SEASON.
LATEST INNOVATION IN THE REALM
OF FEMININE FASHIONS.
It Consists nf an Enqntalt Costume nf
Mnn Color Cropp-ite Clilnp, anil Is
Aitnptril In Light SinniiiiT Pnhrlrn
A Wotst Whlrh tllvps a Voiillifal Look.
A youthful appearance Is given to
this charming waist by the slight blouse
effect that droops gracefully over the
depp satin girdle. The stylish combina
tion consists of Uoyal-blite canvas with
lambs' pakct waist.
a woven figure iti silk, plain blue can
vas and narrow black satin ribbon.
Although somewhat elaborate in de
sign, the construction is extremely
simple and very effective in black and
white or o.her combinations. Glove
fitted linings close iu centre-front and
support the full fronts and back, the
pretty pointed revers extending to
form epaulettes over the sleeve puffs.
The pointed yoke in bark ami front ih
of plain blue cntivns and closes wits
COSTUME OF MAUVE
the standing collar at the left shoulder.
A puff of mousselino stands out over
the collar and the full fronts are simi
larly disposed at the shoulders. The
two-Beamed sleeves are fitted closely
to the arm with a slight puff above,
The wrists have triple rows of satin
ribbon and are finished with frills of
lace. The mode will develop prettily
in grenadine, barege, inousseline, silk,
etamiue, nun's veiling, challies, etc.,
and can be decorated with either rib
bon, lace or pnssenieuterio.
To make this waist for a lady in the
medium size will require five and one
half yards of tweuty-two-inuh ma
terial. Lateat Innovation In Costumes.
The exquisite costume depicted in
the large illustration is composed
of mauve color crepe-de-Chine ovor
violet taffeta silk. May Monton Bays
it portrays the latest innovation in the
realm of fashion, as the entire garment
is arranged in sun-plaits. The design
is particularly adapted to sheer aud
light summer fabrics, such as barege,
organdy, crepe-de-Chine, Swiss, gauze,
grenadine, mousseline, China, India
and glace silks, and is invariably made
over colored linings, that may be
either of sill', percaline, muslin or
lawn, A black organdy sun-plaited
costume is frequently worn over a lin
ing of white organdy.
The advantage of this costume is that
once the sun-plaiting is made the gar
ment is in reality completed as the fin
ishing requires but little time and
skill, and the expense of plaiting is far
less than the work of a competent
dresssmaker or seamstress.
To make this waist for a lady in the
medium size will require six yards of
twenty-two-inoh material, (or a skirt
sixteen yard of the same width goods,
and six nnd three-fourths yards for the
foundation skirt.
flraM t.nwn,
Ornsa lawn seems to have Inken a
new lease of life and bids fair to be
come a greater favorite even than it
proved last summer. It appears in so
ninny beautiful effects that it is cer
tainly hnrd to pass by in making a
selection of summer textiles. Fino
shepr grnss Inwn is to be worn tiypr
daintily color eil glnce silks, many of
which are first accordion-pleated.
at,vtUti Cllrln' Costntne.
Figured batistn in porn showing
lenf-green nnd violet is here stylishly
united with ecru insertion and taffeta
ribbon. The full waist is arranged
over body linings (lint nre simply fitted
by shoulder nnd under arm senilis; the
shallow round yoke portions being coy
prpil with plain material, nnd the clos
ing is mnde invisibly nt the renter
back, (lathers adjust the fullness nt
upper nnd lower edges of the wnist,
mid the pattern provides for n high or
low neck. The pretty liprthn collar in
outlined with insertion nnd n full quill
ing of ribbon, double square tabs full
ing deeply over ench shoulder with
pointed outline on front nnd bnck.
Short puffs are arranged over close
fitting sleeves, the choice of which is
also given to long or short sleeves,
perforating lines outlining the depth
of short sleeves, or the tight-fitting
sleeves mny be discarded entirely ami
only the puffs used, in which case the
fullness nt the lower edge can be con
fined by n narrow bniid of insertion.
The neck finishes with n band of in
sertion. Hibbon in a pretty shade of
violet is deftly arranged in chic bows
at shoulder and at front of waist,
finishing on the left side with long
ends.
The full round skirt is gathered at
the top and joined to the lower edge nf
the body lining, and is trimmed with
a single row of insertion. Cotton
wash fabrics will make up stylishly by
this pattern in batiste, dimity, percale,
COLOB CBEPE-DE-CHINE.
etc., with embroidery employed as de
coration. For best wear, silk in glace.
India, taffeta or peau-de-soie, with
lace, ribbon, or plaited mousseline
outlining the bertha would be exceed
ingly dressy.
lo make this dress for a child of
OOWTf OV FIGURED BATIST1 R? ICBC.
eight years will require three and one
half yards of forty-four-inoh wide material.
THE M00ERNSTABLE.
stretnit Simplicity shottM Mark This AU
tnrhittent to a l onntry Roslrtenre.
The great vogno of the bicycle, the
extension of trolley railroads, and tlm
introductions of the Auto Mobile cabs;
have called out many dismal predic
tions. The public has been told times
i-te'shscsrBuiLoi
AKnt7KT3iy.
without number tlint the reign of the
horse is forever over. In illustration
nf this statement the nnprecedetitedly
low prices at which horses have lately
been sold are quoted, and there pome
grpwsomo storips from tho West of the
shooting of entire herds of horses on
tho rnngps, in order to snve the pns
ture for the moro valuable beef crea
tures. As n supplement to these tales,
it is even said that canning lactones
have Iippii estnhlished whpre horse
flesh is put up in potted form for onr
nso or tiiisusppcting forpigners. The
pnrngrnphers nnd cnrtoonistH hnve had
their fling nt the subject, nnd if one
should take the signs of tho times.
everything would seem to point to the
viriuni extinction oi mo pipiuin rpi-i-ii-n
ill the not remote future. But those
who love man's best friend and servant
among the dumb beasts, and who do
not care to surrender him for studs of
steel or naphtha fed cabs, need not be.
nndnly alarmed. In fact, horseflesh
would seem to bo an excellent invest
mpnt at this vpry moment. With the
fall in prices, tlint was duo to a variety
of reasons, horse-breeding has been
giving ndeqnnte returns for the pnst
few years, and more brood mares have
poiiih upon themnrket thnn ever before
in nn pqunl spnee of time, (compara
tively few foals have been born, and
prices are bound to rise before long.
Aside from nil nnestions or value.
few people who live in suburban places
care to bo without horses, and the
question of housing them suitably has
to be met by a Inrge proportion or
builders.
The carriage house nnd stable mnst
be influenced more or less by the na
ture of the grounds and the relntivo
position of the house to which it be
longs. The general rule, of course, in
that it must be inconspicuous, or if it
is where it must be seen, it should not
Hiifl'er in comparison with the finished
villa. At the same time its subordin
ate chnrneter mnst be borno iu tiiind,
so tlint it mny not detrnct from tho
dignity of tho dwelling. Even if the
general style of tho house is followed
in the mntter of architecture, the orna
mentation must be far less profuse anil
ornnte. Extreme simplicity, coin-
L. ' H ."UX I
PI; -f-vA- " '....h'
fit
T
m
bined with strong and artistic lines,
alwnys gives the best results.
The accoinpnnying plan shows s
stable that would grace any suburban
place, and yet it is not very expensive
or pretentious. The general plan is
capable of many modifications. As
originally drawn, it provides for all of
the newest improvements, single and
box stalls, carriage room, washing
stand and harness room, all on the first
floor; on the second floor provision i
made for the hay loft and the quartern
for the coachman. The foundation is
of stone, the exterior rough clapboards
and shingles, upon which if we use
red and green stain the effect is ad
mirable. Copyright, 1897.
Decorating a Rall llpail.
Artistic Wife (to bald husband)
"Let me paint a spider on your head,
darling, so that the flies won't come to
trouble yon while you are having your
little nap." Tit-Bits.
now to ft Served Quickly anil Well.
Diplomatic) Stranger "Teii me,
miss, is there anything else worth
seeing in this town beside your pretty
self?" Fliegende Blaetter.
A forty-pound turkey was served at
u AUentown (Peon.) feast.
mm i