r."
v
F
SOUDAN INVASIONS,
BltlTHtl COXKfilCTS WITH THE
M AUDI'S FOLLOWERS.
Thfi Present Expedition Against the
Dervishes How They Were
Trapped In 1N8N Kate of
lllcks and Uordon.
PRIME MINISTER SALISBURY
perhaps denim to conquer
tbe whole of the Soudan and
(, Rive England a new lease on
Egyptian affairs, asserts the Washing
ton Pathfinder. He received notice
from Italy that tho dervishes were
likely to attack Kassala, a point Italy
has now decided to abandon, and if
that point in taken it will be a great
menace to Egypt.
The natives of the npper Nile region
are laying aside their own internal
quarrels to combine against Egypt and
prophesied by Mohammed, was to ap
pear on the earth about this time to
exterminate all unbelievers and turn
the world over to Islam. lie and his
enthusiastic disciples grew obstreper
ous and in August, 1881, England, by
reason of her sponsorship of Egyptian
nlTairs, was forced to send an expedi
tion against them. Hicks Pasha's
army, the first sent, was massacred,
and England decided to withdraw.
Hut meantime the Mahdists surren
dered at Suakim on the lied Kea,
Kassala, Berber, Khartum and else
where, and it was then decided to send
Qeneral "Chinese" Gordon to the
relief of tho expedition, the route
being across the desert from Suakira.
Gordon retched Khartum in the spring
of 1884 and there, without reintorce
nients, he and his brave troops were
butchered by the Mahdists. Thus
ended the fatal Soudan campaign, and
the people of England have never
forgiven the Government for thus
leaving the intrepid Gordon and his
7
09MAN D1QXA, TIIB DEUVISH LEADER.
the outside world. The dervishos
have for years been making disastrous
raids on the peaceable Nile farmers.
"The situation is more than sufficient,
say the Salisbury Government, to
justify this timely expedition to re
press them.
Dongola, on the Nile, between the
third and fourth cataracts, will prob
ably be the base of operations, whenoe
the expedition is called the Dongola
expedition. But it will be months be
fore the military forces can be concen
trated at this point. Geographies and
atlasos so commonly panned slighting
ly over this region that we are prone
to forget how great the distance are
In the Nile country. Assouan (Ass-su-
'wan, with accent on last syllable) is
the limit of the Egyption civil author
ity on the Nile and as far as the most
enthusiastic Nile tourist ever gees. It
is over 600 miles from Cairo. But
Dongola is nearly 500 mites farther,
and Khartum, the old capital and
stronghold of the Mahdist hosts, is
till 500 miloa beyond by the windings
of tbe river.
Above Assonan is a military distriot
under control of the sirdar or commander-in-chief
of the Egyptian army.
This occupied district, which is gar
risoned by about 6000 men of tbe English-Egyptian
army, extends to the
neighborhood of ' the third cataraot,
where the Mahdists have their north
ernmost outposts. Although since
1890 no hostile shots have been ex
changed between the Egyptian army
men to their awful fate. The battle
was left drawn, the Mahdists retiring
into the Soudan, and the remnant of
English troops beiug withdrawn.
Thus England has an old score to settle.
The most autbentio reports testify
that the military power of the Mah
dists has greatly declined under the
Khalifa, the successor to tho origiual
Mahdi. Slatin Pasha places a very
low estimate on their army, and it is
probable they cannot bold out long
against machine guns and other
modern methods of warfare.
General Kitobcner, who is in com
mand of the Anglo-Egyptian expedi
tion, is an able soldier oud well fitted to
be head of the enterprise by which it is
hoped to reconquer East Soudau. He
is the sirdar of the Egyptian army,
and the expedition consists chielly of
Egyptian troops The native forces
have been strengthened by 1200 Brit
ish troops, under the command
of General Henderson, staff major of
the army of occupation. Tbe native
army is commanded almost exclusively
by British officer. The force will
march up the Nile, passing through
the two Dongolas (old and new) on
their way to Berber, and there will be
fighting unquestionably at Dongola,
where tbe Mahdi has been collecting
strong force, to which be will add in
anticipation of the approaching
trouble. After Dougola is captured
it will be nade the base of opera
tions against Berber.
Tbe dervishes are reckless fighters
The Khalifa Abdullah, the Soudan
ese potentate against whom ttie
Egyptian army is marching, is the
successor of the Mahdi, whose name
was upon everybody's lips a few years
ago. That the sway which the groat
religious soldier held at his death has
gradually shrunk under the rule of
the present Khalifa there is no doubt.
The present ruler assumed all the
power and authority attaching to the
position of his rtrodecossor, nut ne
never proclaimed himself Mahdi or
prophet. The fanaticism which
blinded the Soudanese to the decep
tion practiced upon them has lost
much of its inlluence. Abdullah's
rule has been as tyrannical and rapa
cious as that of the Mahdi, but the
Soudanese have been by no means as
patient with him as they were with
his predecessor. Slatin Pasha says that
the extent or the territory now gov
erned by Abdullah is little altered in
extent from what it was under
Egyptian rule, but the condition of
the country is very different. Prosper
ous districts teeming with population
-l . r I
nave neen reuucea to Darren, naieiui
deserts, and the fertile plains over
which the Western Arabs roamed are
now occupied by wild animals. Home
steads of the Nilo dwellers are now
tenanted by nomad tribes, who have
enslaved the rightful owners to till
the soil for the new masters. Many
of the tribes, weary of Abdullah's
cruel rule, have revolted and become
independent, but the Khalifa has
sufficient friends left to make him a
powerful enemy and to give the in
vading expedition all it can do to re
conquer the territory in question.
Slatin Pasha, who accompanies tbe
British expedition, has been eloveu
years a prisoner of the Khalifa, the
successor of the Mahdi, in his capital
in the East Soudau. Slatin s career is
one that is as full of color as that of
any traveler in Europe, with the ex
ception, perhaps, or Jieury Dl. Stan
ley. In 1870, at tbe age of twenty,
Rudolph Slatin, born and educated in
Vicnun, tired with a desiie to travel,
and wishing to take part in the ex
ploration of Africa, first went to the
Soudan, After a short stay he returned
to complete his military service, and
it was not until three years later that
be returned to Egypt, where he was
appointed to a high post nndor Gen
eral Gordon. He conducted a success
ful campaign against a pretender to
the Darfur throne,and was made Governor-General
of the province by tt e
Khodive. Then tho wave of Mahdism
swept the whole of the Soudan, Gor
don was murdered, and tho British
expedition was oompelled to retreat.
SLATTM PASHA.
(Formerly Governor of Dafur, and
guide to the British expedition.)
Slatin was captured and plaoed in
seolusion by the Mahdi. When the
Mahdi died Slatin was released by his
suooessor, the Khalifa, but was kept
underdose surveillance. After much
weary watohingbe finally managed to
eccapo, ard returned to Europe last
year. Since his return to civilization
he has resided in London and has writ
ten a book on tbe Soudan question.
While Governor of the Darfnr pro
vince Slatin fought numerous battles
against great odds. He has much pri
vate and valuable information con
cerning affairs of the Soudan and will
be an immense acquisition to the expedition.
HISTORIC 1I01ME.
Building Where "Yankee Doodle'
Was Written Still Stands.
On the eastern bank of the Hudson
River, directly opposite the site of
Fort Orange (the first trading post es
tablished by the Dutch East India
Company in this country for the pur
pose of dealing with the Indians),
stands a building which was erected to
serve the double purpose of fort and
dwelling. It was named after an an
cient estate in Holland, Fort Cralo,
and is now known as the "Old Mansion."
.Mips
WHERE "TANKEE DOODLE" WAS WnmH
This house was one of the first built
In the country, and it certainly was
occupied longer than any other build
ing in the State of New York. It was
erected in the vear 1042.
In 1750 the "Old Mansion" was sp.
tected for the headquarters of Major
General Abercrombic, Commander-in-Chief
bis Britannic Majesty's forces in
norm America, llie troops were en
oamped on the gronuds to the south
of the house and directly on the banks
of the Hudson River. At that time
there was plenty of space there to ac
commodate a very large body of men.
Since then the river has encroached on
the banks bit by bit, nntil it has eaten
its way nearly to tbe doors of the
Old Mansion."
Under orders from the English Gov
ernment, Governor Hardy, of New
lorn, caned upon tbe Massachusetts,
Rhode Island and Connecticut colo
nies to aid in repelling tbe attacks o!
the French and Indians on' the North
ern borders, and demanded that each
settlement should send its quota o
men that should report for servioe at
Albany, N. Y.
The only American-born Governor
of the day was Thomas Fitch, Govern
or of Connecticut, who resided at
Norwalk. He and hia councilors
raised a regiment, of which the eldest
son of the Governor, Thomas Fitch,
was elected Colonel.
The women of the colony had con
tributed their share towaid the equip
ment of the regiment by weaviug and
making the coats of their warriors and
coloring them with home-made dyes.
This homely uniform was completed
by the sisters and sweethearts of the
men, who stuck turkey-tail feathers
in their hats by way of distinction or
mayhap ornament. This same simple
feather has beoome immortalized and
will forever be notable in tbe annals
of this country. For when the regi
ment, headed by young Fitoh, rode
up the main road beside the river to
report to the Commander-in-Chief at
his headquarters in the "Old Mausion,"
tbe riduoulous appearance presented
by the raw troops, who were mounted
on sorry-looking nags (the best their
farms afforded), prompted the English
surgeon, KichardSobuokbury byname,
who was seated beside the well at tbe
baok of the "Old Mansion," to write
tho squib:
"Yankee Dooills came to town
Hiding on a pony,
Stuck a leutlixr iu uls hat
And called it 'macaroni.' '
The last word was synonymous with
our word "dude" and was used at the
time to express contempt. The words
fitted to the well-known air of "Lucy
Locket Lost Her Pocket," and the
jingle and air caught the fancy of the
troops. Thus tbe jibe, instead of
provoking the Yankee regiment, was
most cleverly turned by them into a
compliment to their unique appear
anoe, and the English officers soon
found that they bad no braver men
under their command than the Con
necticut regiment, with Thomas Fitob,
tbe original "Yankee Doodle," at their
head.
Chinese Labor,
There are large districts in China
where labor is so cheap that it can
hardly be reckoned on a money stand
ard. Thousands of Chinese laborers
live on a little more than a handful of
rice or so a day, and yet even then
there are thousands of unemployed
practically starving.
DAINTY DEVICES.
SOMK OF THE NKWKST DKS1UN3
IN A 111 UK.
A HUUAX STAIRCASE, EACH STEP OF WHICH IS WORTH 950,000.
THE HOUSE or THE UUDIB OF DONOOLA, ON THE NILE.
and the Mandiata, England has always
, considered the Mahdists as an enemy.
Iu 1888 tbe dervishes at Taaki made
n attempt to push into Lower Egypt,
bnt they were snppressed the next
jr, the campaign ending In a moat
fearful slaughter of tbe dervishes.
Oreufell, the English commander of
'the EirvDtian forsua. feiirnad retreat :
the dervishes fell into tbe trap and
. they were sacrificed almost to a man.
Xjong after the issue of battle was de
cided the fanatical natives eontinned
. to haul themselves into the breach,
only to meet a certain death, refusing
all quarter and giving none. They
fought as only men osn that ore im
tBd with the highest sense of the Jus-
. Ther are brave to
r indifferent to
' v,ore very nara
'wishes
1 of
V
and scorn danger, believing, as they
do, that it they die fighting they will
be at onoe translated to the paradise
of the Koran. It is said that the pur
pose of the expedition is to assist Italy
by this diversion near Abyssinia, bat
this is not believed. On the contrary,
there can be no doubt that tbe sole
purpose of this great undertaking is
to re-establish British snpremaoy in
the domain of the fanatical suooessor
of the late prophet. The territory
sought to be reclaimed for Egypt
oomprises Darfur, Kordofan, Senaar,
Take, the Equatorial province and
Bahr-el-Ghazel. It was, nntil 1882,
nnder Egyptian rale. In that year
the revolt of tbe Mahdi made it free.
After the Mahdi'i death one of his
lieutenants succeeded, and, with
Omdurman as his capital, has sinoe
raled over most of the territory. The
Khalifa still holds several of the
prisoners taken at Khartum. Lost
year France was said to have sent an
expedition to the Soudan, bat nothing
has been beard of it.
Here's a human stairoase. The fine lads who make it are the sons of the
Hon. Herman-Hodge of England, member of Parliament, and famous as a
speaker. It means something to these little obaps just to be boys, and this is
why ; One day their grandfather, who is one of tbe richest merchants in all
England, said to Mr. Herman-Hodges : "Every time a son is born to you I
will give tbe newoomer ten thousand pounds (850,000), and np to date the
old gentleman has kept bis word. One after another seven sous have oome in
to tho Hodges family, and at the birth of eaoh boy 850,000 was pat in the
Bank of England to bis eredit This money will draw interest nntil eaoh boy
reaches bis 21st birthday, when be may draw oat the original amount and all
other money that bas been added to it, The father of these English juniors
is a peat horseman, and the eldest boy ja the group is elrsadj a famous ridsr
obii aviiiiex. .
Ladles' Wrapper With Wattean IMnlt
Tucked Yoke Wnlst of Mueu
llatlste-Olrdlcs for All
Sorts of Uowns,
IN the two-column illustration blue
cashmere is daintily trimmed with
lace insertion and edging to
match. The stylish adjustment
is made over fitted lining fronts, of
basque depth, that close in centre, the
upper portions of which are faced to
form a double pointed yoke. Tbe full
fronts are gathered at the top and ar
ranged on the lining, under lower edge
of yoke. Undet-srm gores give a
smooth effect over the hips, the back
being fitted with curved side tra cen
tre back seams. The stylish "Wat
tenu" is laid in a box-plait at the neck
and falls in graceful fullness to the
lower edge of skirt, all seams being
sprung below tbe waist to give the
fashionable ripple effect. Pointed belt
sections are insertel at the underarm
earns, holding in the front fullness at
the waist line, A Byron oollar finishes
the neck. Full gigot sleevesare shaped
with single seams, tbe wrists being
completed with single bands of inser
tion. Gathered bretelles edged with
lace and insertion, stand out over the
tops or sleeves, headed by insertion
whioh outlines the lower edge of yoke
iu front and simulates a yoke iu baok.
Pretty and nseful gowns by the mode
can be made from any soft woolen ma
terial, combinations being effected by
making the collar, bretelles and belt
or yoke, sleeves and belt of silk, velvet
the "chlconss" of a gown is dependent
upon the band which enoiroles the
waist.
Jeweled bands met with large half
Hew FANCIES W BELTS.
pendant buckles are richly studded
with colored stones, deeply sunk into '
flexible bands of gilt or silver, or in
round, square or oblong pieces held
together by links. While these are by
far the handsomest of imitation belts
thny are the most expensive, costing
810, 812 or 815. Gilt or silver bands
are sold as low as ninety-five cents.
Spangled elastic bands and enam
elled belts afe also among the newer
styles, which promise to be muoh
BLUE CASHMERE WItArPER WITH WATTEATJ TLAIT.
or other contrasting fabric Lawn,
percale, gingham, batiste, dimity or
other ootton wash fabrics will develop
handsomely in this style, with decora
tion of lace or embroidery.
The quantity of material H inohes
wide required to make this wrapper
for a lady having a 30-inch bust meas
ure is 6 yards. Design and bints are
by May Manton.
TUCKED YOKE WAIST OF LINEM BATISTE.
Sheer linen batiste, writes May Man
ton, is here shown plainly but styl
ishly arranged over apple green tadeta
lining, tho collar, belt and round
cuffs being of green satin. A glove
fitting waist lining of taffeta that
-r
TUCKED TOK WAIST.
oloses in centre front forms the foun
dation for the full front and book that
is gathered and joined to the square,
tuoked, yoke portions, dosing at the
left shoulder. The full sleeves are
shaped in three seotions and arranged
over two-seamed linings in tuoks or
plaits that turn backward and forward
from the box plait at the shoulder and
bock of arm to tbe wrist. Round, flar
ing cuffs of satin complete the sleeves,
the standing collar and belt being of
tbe same material. This stylish waist
is adapted to silk or ootton fabrios,
affording ample opportnniiy for dis
playing handsome decorations of
Dresden, Persian or plain satin rib
bon, now so fasnionable. It oan also
be developed in olotb or other woolens,
made ell of one material and finished
with machine stitching in all the se
verity of the tailor modes.
The quantity of material 30 inohes
wide required to make ibis waist for a
lady having 36-inch bust measare is
4 yards.
aiBDLXJ ron aixi soars of downs.
Fanoy belts have beoome as muohf
a neceawty to a handsome oostum as
the material itself, nnd in but 4U
worn this season. Leather belts are
most useful and can be had for 81.
The belt baa undergone agreatohange
of fashion sinoe last season, particular-
ly in width. All belts are now narrow,
exoept the broad elastic bands whioh
are used when "in the' field or on tbe
road." New York Herald.
TBE KEWE8C IK MILLINER?.
The display of millinery, ssys the
New York Sun, gives tbe impression
of extreme exaggeration in sizes, con
trasts of oolor, and height which comes
from feathers, aigrettes, and dowers
wired to stand np in tbe most unnat
ural manner. But the hats ore not
all cart wheels in size and flower
gardens in deooration, and by close
inspection some moderation can be
found in the .pretty toques, bonnets
and medium shapes, so over-sbadowed
by tbe fantastio models rarely in de
mand nntil later in tbe season. Violet
green and petunia seem to be favorite
colors, and masses of crimped silk
muslin and tulle in blaok, white or
colors, the distinguishing feature of
the new bats ; this gives a soft effect
which is very becoming to most faoes. ,
A new rose oolor is to be very popular
this season, and it is seen in straw as
well as the trimmings. One bonnet
of birds' nest straw in this oolor has a
trimming of blaok and gray ribbon
and pink roses and green leaves. t.
Width still characterizes all hats,
whioh must be worn well over the eye
if yoa would be in the latest fashions
It is impossible to give any definite
idea of the shapes, for there are hardly
two alike, exoept in the sailor hats.
They are made to suit the wearer, and
not pressed into form, eaoh one like
the other, and the suooessfal milliner
is tbe one who is equal to the variety
demauded of her. . Blaok tulle is used
for widespresding bows, kept in shape
by three rows of narrow yellow straw
braid sewed on either side, and a
novelty in hat trimming is an inser
tion of fine blaok horsehair embel
lished with applique desigus of oreatn
oolored lao, and tine rhine stones, or
jet; one very stunning nat of rash-
green swaw is trimmed with green
roses Md petunia tulle.
' ' MEW SHAPES IK BATS.
There are three new shapes whioh
balleuge popular favor. These ore a
big, broad-brimmed shape called the
"Bonlevudienne," a dashing walking
bat designed by Virol, and a little
three-oornered toqae, that is especi
ally btcoming to round, fresh faoee.
1 -