The eost of in ironclad in about
$40l) n ton. This include gnus nud
all equipment.
The Now York World avers lint
within tie modern i-rn the only addi
tion to domeHtionteil animals linvo
been the ennnry nnd the ostrich.
Ity a now route which is proposed
from Knglnnd to Australia, across
Canada, the trip from London to Hyd
ney, it : believed, may bo whortonetl
to twenty-eight day.
New York' display of grapes at tna
World's Fair was naid to excel that of
any other Mate, even including Cali
fornia. Two hundred different kinds
of that fruit wero tantefully shown.
The St. Loui Republic think that
peculiar old South American city.Iqui
que, should certainly be tho Mecca of
Melbourne, and our government rain
maker. N'o man ever saw a rainstorm
at that place.
A capital of $.12,000,000 is invested
in the nursery business in 172,000
acre of lnnd. In all horticultural
pursuits the entire capital i estimated
at over 81,000,000,000 by the census
of tho agricultural department.
Statisticians cliim that tho earth
will not support to exceed 5,994,000,
000 people. Tho present rmpulntion
is estimated at 1,407,000,000, tho in
creaso be.ag eight per cent, each do
cade. At that rate tho utmost limit
will bo reached in tho year 2072.
Ine reeent sever storm wero re
sponsible for at least one good deed
learns tho Chicago Herald. They
washed several pieces of coal out of a
ledgo on tho farm of Charles Brown
of Georgetown, Me., and explorations
havo shown that coal in paying quali
ties abounds on the furro.
In France in recent years, much
attention has been given to school
hygiene. Not ouly is physical uulturo
made compulsory in all public schools,
but the plans of all school building,
both public and private, must bo ap
proved by the proper authorities,
and all schools are subjected to sys
tematic modical inspection.
An English authority, in speaking
of heavy guns, says that tho 110-ton
gun, ldj-inoh bjra, will flro ninety
fivo ordinary rounds, after which tho
gun is unfit for further service. The
C7-ton, 13j-inch boro, will firo 127
rounds, and tho 45-ton gun, 12 inches
loro, will firo 150 rounds before be
coming ushIosb. The cost of tho
British 110-ton gun is $82.500 ; that of
the 07-ton gun is $54,500, and that of
tho 45-ton gun $31,500.
Unless all signs fail tho bicyclo is
destined to play no unimportant part
in tho next great conflicts which will
tako place w hen next tho issue is joined
between civilized nations, remarks tho
Chicago Herald. In tho recent
maneuvers ol tho Herman armies
around Metz the tests mado of the
bicyclo wero so eminontly satihfaetory
that it is i robablo that thoy will bo
formally adopted as an auxiliary to the
regular army, as has already been dono
in other European armies.
British husbands when their diunor
parties turn out failures, are apt to
grumble at their wives for the cook's
misdemeanors, but thoy abstain from
the practical style of rebuking prac
tised by tho oelestials. Keocntly the
Chinese professor at a university gave
a national bauquot to follow profes
sors and was much put out becauso the
cookery was not to his taste. After a
timo ho got up, bowed solemnly, said,
"Go lickee wife," and departed, re
turning preseutly, smiling as blandly
as usual, after having administered
judicious chastisement to his better
half.
There is now a great railway system
in the course of construction which
will girdle tho Holy Laud from one
end to the other. A Freuoh company
has scoured a concession for a line
from Beyrouth to Damascus and has
already commenced work on a narrow
gnage road. An English syndicate is
building a ra.'lway from Hulfa to Dam
ascus which will be about 140 miles
long, starting from Haifa, finding its
way along the northern baso of the
range of Carmul to the plain of Esha
rion, through the valley east of Naza
reth. Leaving Mouut Tabor, it will
cross the Biver Jordan on a trostle
and then to the point known as Muje
meh, where the little Jordan joius the
greater rivers. .At this point the road
will border on the southern shore of Gal
ilee and almost without a curve along
the famous wheat region, biblically
iutovn as the plai ns of Basliaa, thonoe
to the southern gate of Damascus.
THE MESSAGE.
President Cleveland Discusses
Public Affairs.
"TARIFF REFORM" URGED.
Hawaiian Matters Reserved
For a Special Message.
CfclnesrRcgtstrntlon Law-Thel'nlted
State nnd nrer.ll KfTert of the
Silver Purchase Kcpenl Affairs
at llomn nnd Abroad Work of
the Various llureaus Summarized
Public Kronomy Advocated Ad
ministration's Pension Policy.
The President's annual message, which
has been road la both Houses ot Congross,
Is mainly as follows :
To the Congress of tho Tnltel States !
The constitutional duty whinn requires
tho President from time to tlmo to give to
tho Congress Informritlon of the stato of tho
Union, an I rwonmnml to their considera
tion such measures ns he shall judge neces
sary nad expedient, Is fittingly entered upon
by commending to tho Congress a careful
examination ot tho detailed statements and
well-supported recommendations contained
In the reports of tho heads of departments,
who are chlelly charged with the executive
work of tho Government. In an effort to
abridge this communication as much as Is
consistent with Its purpose, I shall supple
ment a brief reference to the contents of
these depnrtmentnl reports by the mention
of such executive business ami Incidents as
a are not embraced therein, and by such
recommendntlons ns appear to beat this
particular time appropriate.
While our foreign relations have not at all
times during the past year been entirely free
from perplexity, no embarrassing situation
remains tint will not yield to the spirit of
fnlrnes nnd love of Justice, which, Joined
with consistent firmness, characterize a truly
American foreign polluy.
BBAZ'.UAX AFFAIRS.
The onthretk of domestic hostilities In the
Republic ot Drnitil found the United Mates
alert to watch the Interests of our oitlaens In
that country, with which we carry on Im
portant commerce. several vessels ot oar
new navy are now, and for some time have
been, stationed at Klo de Janeiro. The strug
gle Del rut hetween tho established Govern
ment, which controls the machinery of ad
ministration, ana witn wmcn we maintain
friendly relations, and certain officers of the
navy employing the vessels of their com
mand in an attack upon the National capital
and chief seaport, and lacking, ns It docs,
the elements of divided administration, I
bava failed to see that the Insurgents can
reasonably claim recognition as belligerents.
Thus far the position of our Government
has been that ot an attentive hut Impartial
observer of the unfortunate conflict. Em
phasizing our fixed policy of Impartial neu
trality in such a condition ol affairs as now
exists, I deemed it necessary to disavow, in
a manner not to be misunderstood, tbs un
authorized notion of our late naval com
mandnr In those waters in saluting the re
volted Brazilian Admiral, being Indisposed to
countenance an ant calculated to give gratui
tous sanction to the looal Insurrection.
CHILIAN CLAIMS COMMISSION.
The convention between our Government
and Chile, having for Its object the settle
ment and adjustment ot the demands of the
two countries against each other, has been
made effective by the organization of the
claims commission provided lor. The two
Governments falling to agree upon the third
member of the Commission, the good offices
of the President ot the Swiss Republic were
Invoked, as provided tn the treaty, and the
selection of the Swiss representative In this
country to complete the organization was
gratifying alike to the United states and
Chile.
THE CHINESE EXCLUSION LAW.
The legislation of last year, known as the
Geary law, requiring the registration ot all
Chinese laborers entitled to residence In the
United States, and the deportation of all Dot
complying with the provisions ot the act
within the time prescribed, met with much
opposition from Chinamen in this country.
Acting upon the advice of eminent counsel
that thejaw was unconstitutional, the great
mass ol Chinese laborers, pending judicial
inquiry as to Its validity, in good faith de
clined to apply (or the certificates required
br Its provisions. A test oass upon proceed
ing Dy nnneas corpus was Drougni netoreme
Supreme Court, and on May 16th, 1893, a de
cision was made by that tribunal sustaining
tne law.
It is believed that under the recent amend
ment of the act extending the time for regis
tration, the Chinese laborers thereto entitled,
Who desire to reside in this country, will now
avail themselves of the renewed prlvllsg
thus afforded of establishing by lawful pro
oedure their right to remain, and that thereby
the necessity of enforced deportation may to
a great degree ne avoided.
SCBBENDBa OF WEEES BSCOOXIZED.
Costa Rica baa lately testified its friend II
asss by surrendering to the United States, in
ths absence ot a convention of extradition,
but upon duly submitted evidences of orlml
nallty. a noted fugitive tro-n justloe. It Is
trusted that the negotiation of a treaty with
that country to meet recurring eases ot this
kind will soon be accomplished. In my
opinion treaties for reciprocal extradition
should be concluded with all these countries
with which the Unitsd Btates has not already
conventional arrangements of that character.
I have deemed It fitting to express to the
Governments of Costa Rloa and Colombia the
kindly desire of the United States to see their
pending boundary dispute finally closed by
arbitration in conformity with the spirit of
the treaty concluded between them some
ears ago.
Our relations with the French Bepubllo
continue to De intimate ana cordial. 1 sin
eerely bope that the extradition treaty with
tost country, as amended oy tne senate, will
soon be operative.
While oooaalonal questions affecting our
naturalised oitlsent returning to the land of
thoir birth have arisen in our intercourse with
Germany, our relations with that country
continue sanstaotory.
The questions affecting our relations with
Great Britain have been treated la a spirit ot
friendliness.
Negotiations are In progress between the
two Governments with a view to such con
current aotlon as will make the award ana
regulations agreed upon by the Bering He
tribunal oi Arnurauoa praotioauy eusotivs
and it is not doubted that Oreat Britain wilt
co-operate freely with this country for the
accomplishment oi that purpose.
The dispute growing out of the discrimi
nating tolls Imposed m the Wei land Canal,
upon cargoes ot oereals bound to and front
tne lake pons ol tne united mates, was ad
justed by ths substitution of a mors equita
ble schedule ol onarges, ana my preaeceesor
thereupon suspended his proclamation im
posing discriminating tolls upon British
transit through our canals.
A request for additions to the list ot extra
ditable offenosa ooversd by the existing
treaty between the two countries is under
ooasldeiatioa.
(U HIOABASOA 0ANAL. '
Nicaragua has recently passed through
two revolutions, the party at first success
ful having In turn been displaced by an
other. Our newly appointed Minister, bj
bis timely good offices, aided in a peaceful
adjustment of the controversy Involved In
the first conflict. The large American In
terests established In that country In con
nection with the Nicaragua Canal were not
molested.
The canal company has, unfortunately, be
come financially seriously embarrassed, but
a generous trentment has been extended to
it by the Government ol Nicaragua. The
United State are especially Interested In ths)
Successful achievement of the vast undertak
ing this company has in charge. That tt
should be accomplished under distinctively
American auspices, and lis enjoyment assured
not only to tho vessels of this country as a
channel of commut Icatloa between our At
lantic and Tactile seaboards, but to the shins
of the world In the Interests ot civilization,
Is a proposition which, In my judgment, does
not admit of question.
Guatemala has also been visited by the po
litical vicissitudes which have afflicted her
t'entral American neighbors i but the disso
lution of its l.eglnlnturn and the proclama
tion of a dictatorship have been unattended
with civil war.
an extradition treaty with Norway has re
cently been exchanged and proclaimed.
Tho extradition treaty with Russia, signed
in March, 1W, and amended and confirmed
by the Senate tn February last, was duly pro
claimed last June.
HAWAIIAN Arriuts.
It Is hnrdly necessary for me to state that
the question arising from our relations
with Hawaii bare caused serious embarrass
ment. Just prior to the installation ot the
present Administration the existing Govern
ment of Hawaii had been suddnnly over
thrown, and a treaty ot annexation had been
negotiated bet ween the Provisional Govern
ment of the Islands and the United States,
and submitted to the Senate for ratifica
tion. This treaty I withdrew for
examination and dispatched Hon.
James H. lllount, of Oeorgla, to Honolulu as
a special commissioner to make an Impartial
Investntlon of tho circumstances attending
the change of Government, ami ofallthecon
ditions bearing upon the subject of a treaty.
After a thorough and exhaustive examination
Mr. Blount submitted tome his report, show
ing beyond all questlonthat the constitution
al Government of Hawaii had been subverted
wit h the activeald of our represent at I ve to that
Government, nnd through the intimidation
caused by the presence of an armed naval
torce of the United States whloh was landed
for that purpose at tho Instance of our Min
ister. I pon the facts developed It seemed to
me the only honorable course for oar Govern
ment to pursue was to undo the wrong that
bad been done by those representing us and
to restore as far as practicable the status ex
isting at the time of our forcible Intervention.
With a view of accomplishing this result
within the Constitutional limits of Kxecntlve
power, and recognizing all our obligations
nnd responsibilities growing out of any
changed conditions brought about by ourun
justillahle interference, our present Minister
nt Honolulu has received appropriate in
strait Ions to that end. Thus far no Informa
tion of the accomplishment ot any definite
results has been received from him.
Additional advices are soon expected.
When received they will be nromntlv sent to
the Congress, together with all other Infor
mation at hand, accompanied by a special
Executive message fully detailing all the
facts necessary to a complete understand
ing of the case, and presenting a history ot
all the material events loading up to the
present situation.
INTERNATIONAL ABRITBATION.
Tty a concurrent resolution, passed by the
Senate February 14, 190, and by the House
or Representatives on the 3d ot April follow
ing, the President was requested "lo invite,
from time to time, as fit occasions may
arise, negotiations with any Government
witn wnicn tne united mntoa nas
or may have diplomatic. relations,
to the end that any differences
or dispute nrising between the two Govern
ments wnicn cannot ne ndjnsted by diplo
matic agency may be referred to arbitration
and be peaceably adjusted by such means."
April IS, 1890, the International American
Conference of Washington by resolution ex
pressed the wish that all controversies be
tween the lb'publics of America and the Na
tions of Europe might be settle.! by arbitra
tion, and recommended that the Govern
ment of each nation represented
In that conference should communicate tills
wish to all friendly powers. A favorable re
sponse has been received from Oreat Britain
in the shape of a resolution adopted by Par
liament rfuiy in last, coruiniiy syropatuizing
11 n the purpose in view, and expressing the
bope that her Majesty's Government will lend
ready co-operation to the Government of the
United States upon the basis ot the concur
rentresolution above quoted.
It affords me signal pleasure to lay this
parliamentary resolution before the Congress
and to express my sincere grattnoatlon that
the sentiment of two great and kindred Na
tions is thus authoritatively manifested in
lavor oi tne rational and paaoeaDie settle
ment ot International quarrels by honorable
resort to arbitration.
THE FINANCIAL qtJESTfON.
The Secretary of the Treasury reports that
the receipts ot the Government from all
sources durlngTbe fiscal year" "ended June
30, 189.1, amounted to 46t,71,561.9t and its
expenditures to 469,374,674.29. There was
collected from customs 208, 555.018. 73, and
from internal revenue 161,027,6x3.98. Our
dutiable Imports amounted to 431,858.711,
an Increase ot t52,458,907 over the preceding
year, and ImOTrtafliTuT froV'TSf 'duty
amounted to t444.544.2U. a decrease from
tne preceding year ot ais,4sa,44T. internal
revenue receipts exceeded those ot the pre
ceding year by 7.147.4M.81.
It Is estimated upon the basis ot present
revenue laws that the receipts of tne Govern
ment for the year ending June 30, 181M. will
be f4f),iai, and us expenditures f4o,.
m.iHti.ao, resulting in a aonoieney oi t,
000,000.
SILVEB rOBCHASE BEFEAL.
The recent repeal of the provision of law
requiring the purohase of silver bullion by
the Government as a feature of our monetary
scneme, nas made an entire Changs in the
complexion of our currency affairs. I do
not doubt that the ultimate result ot this
action will be most salutary and far-reach.
lng. In the nature ot things, however, it is
Impossible to know at this time, precisely
what conditions will be be brought abou;
by the change, or what, if any, supple
mentary legislation may, In the light ot suoh
conditions, appear to be essential or ex
pedient Of course, after the recent financial
perturoation time is necessary for the re-
iabllshment of business oonfldence. Wheu,
however, through this restored oonfldence
the whloh money has been frightened into
hoarding places is returned to trade and en
terprise, a survey ot the situation will prob
ably disclose a safe path leading to a per-
mantiy sound currency, abundantly sumoient
to meet every requirement ot our increasing
population ana business.
In the pursuit of this object we shoul
resolutely turn sway from alluring au I
temporary expedients, determined to be con
tent with nothing less than a lasting and
comprehensive financial plan. In those cir
cumstances I am convinced that a reasouable
delay in dealing with this subject. Instead of
being injurious, will Increase the probability
oi wise action.
XMMIOBATIOtf AND QOABANTINE.
The Superintendent of Immigration
through the Secretary of the Treasury, re.
pons tnat during tne last nscai year men
arrived at our porta 140,793 immigrants. O
these, 1063 were not permitted to land, un
der the limitation of the law. and 577 wer
returned to the countries from whence they
earns bv reason of their having become pub.
llo charges. The total arrivals were 141,031
less than for the previous year.
The Hecretary in his report gives sn ac
count otths operation ot the Marine Hospi
tal servioa and ol the good work done under
Its supervision in preventing the entrance
and spread ot contagious diseases.
The admonitions ot the last twe years
touching oar pubUe health sad the demon
strated danger of the Introduction of con
tagions diseases from foreign ports have In
vested the subject of National quarantine
with Increased Interest. A more general ami
harmonious system than now exists, acting
promrtly and directly everywhere, and con
stantly operating by preventive means to
Shield our oountry from the Invasion of dis
ease, and" at the same time having duo re
gard to tho rights an I duties of local agen
cies, would, I believe, add greatly to the
safety ol our people.
work or rns AnMT.
The Secretary of War reports that the
Strength of the army on ths 3.Tth day of Sep
tember lntt was 25,778 enlisted men snd 3141
officers.
Neither Indian outbreaks nor domestic vio
lence have called the army Into service dur
ing the year, and the only active military
duty required of it has been In the Depart
ment of Texas, where violations of the neu
trality laws of tho United Mates and Mexico
were promptly and efficiently dealt with by
the troops, eliciting the warm approval ot
the civil and military authorities et both
countries,
FOSTOFFICE PBFARTMXNT.
Thoreport of the PostmaAer General con
tains a detailed statement of the operations
of the Postofflce Department during the last
fiscal yearand much Interesting information
touching this important branch ot the pub
lie service.
The business of the mall Indicates with
absolute certainty the condition of the busi
ness of the country, and depression In finan
cial affairs Inevitably ami quickly reduce
Ihe postal revenues. Therefore a larger
discrepancy than usual hetween tho postoffW
receipts ami expenditures is the expected
and unavoidable result of the distressing
stringency which has prevailed throughout
the country during much of thetime covered
by the Postmaster General's report.
I desire to commend ns especially worthy
of prompt attention the suggestion of the
Postmaster General relating to a more sensi
ble nnd business-like organization and a
better distribution of responsibility In his
department.
ins NAVY.
The report of the Secretary of the Navy
contains a history of the operations of his
department during the past year, and ex
hibits a most gratifying condition of the per
sonnel of our nnvy. He presents a satisfac
tory aoeount ol the progress which has been
made In the construction ot vessels, and
makes a number of recommendation to
Which attention is especially Invited.
Progress In ths construction of new vessel
has not been as rapid as was anticipated.
There have been delays In the completion of
unarmored vessels, bnt for the most part they
have been such as are constantly occurring
even In countries having the largest experi
ence In naval ship-building. The most serious
delays, however, have been tn the work upon
armored ships. The trouble ha been the fail
ure of contractors to deliver armor as agreed.
The difficulties seem now, however, to have
been all overcome, and armor is being deliv
ered with satisfactory promptness. As a re
sult of the experience acquired by ship
builder and designers and materialmen. It I
believed that the datee when vessel will be
com Dieted can now be estimated with reason
able accuracy. Oreat guns, rapid-fire guns,
torpedoes and powder are being promptly
supplied.
While I am distinctly in favor ot consis
tently pursuing the policy we have inaugu
rated of building up a thorough and efficient
navy, I cannot refrain from the suggestion
that the Congress should carefully take into
account the number ot unfinished vessels on
oar bands and the depleted condition of our
Treasury In considering the propriety ot an
appropriation at this time to begin new work
PENSIONS.
The Secretary of the Interior has the sup
ervislon of so many Important subjects that
his report la of especial value and Interest.
On the 80tn day of June. 1893, there wore
on the pension Mils 968,013 names, an In
crease of 89,944 over the number on the rolls
June 30,1893. Of these there were seventeen
widows and daughters ol Revolutionary
soldiers, eighty-six survivor of the War of
1813, 5423 widows of soldiers of that war.
31.518 survivors and widows ot ths
Mexlcnn war, 3882 survivors and
widows ot Indian wars, 384 army
nurses, and 175,645 survivors, and widows
and children of deceased soldiers and
sailors of the Rebellion. The latter number
represents those pensioned on account ot
disabilities or death resulting from army
and nnvy service. The number of persons
remaining on the rolls June 30, 189:1, who
were pensioned under the act of June 2i,
1890, which allows pensions on account ol
death and disability not chargeable to army
service, was 459,155.
The number added to the mils during the
year was 123,634, and the number dropped
was B3,oW. ine nrst payments on pensions
allowed during the year amounted to 38.
756,549.98. This includes arrears, or the
accumulation between the time from which
the allowance of pension dates and the time
oi actually granting toe oeniuoate.
Although the law of 1890 permits pensions
for disabilities not related to military service.
yet as a requisite to its benefits a disability
must exist Incapacitating applloants 'from
the performance of manual labor to suols a
degree as to render them onable to earn a
support." The execution ot this law In its
early stages does not seem to have been In
aoeord with its true intention ; but towards
the olose of the last administration an autho
rltatlve construction was given to the statute,
and since that time this construction haa been
followed. This has had the effect of limiting
the operation of the law to its Intended pur
pose. Toe discovery navmg oeen maae mai
many names had been put upon the pension
roll by means ot wholesale and gigantic
frauds, the commissioner suspended pay
ments upon a number ot pension which
seemed to oe rrauanient or unauthorized
pending a complete examination, giving no
tice to the pensioners, In order that they
might have an opportunity to establish, It
possible, the Justloe of tbelr claims notwith
standing apparent Invalidity.
iuis. i understand, is tne prrctioe wnian
ha for a long time prevailed fn the Pension
Bureau i but after entering upon these recent
investigations the Commissioner monined
this rule so as not to allow, until sfteraoom
plete examination, Interference with the pay
ment of a pension apparently not altogether
void, but whloh merely had been fixed at a
rate higher than that authorised by law.
I am unable to understand why frauds in
the pension rolls should not be exposed and
corrected with thoroughness and vigor.
Every name fraudently put upon these rolls
is a wicked imposition upon the kindly sen
timent in which pensions havs their origin
every fradutent pensioner has become a bad
elttsen I every false oath in support of a pea
ton has mads perjury more common and
false and undeserving pensioners rob tbs
people not only ol their money, but
of tne patriotic sentiment whloh the sur
vivor of a war, fought for the preservation
ef the Union, ought to inspire. Thousands
ot neighborhood have their well-known
fraudulent pensioners, and reeent develop
ments by the bureau establish appalling con
spiracies to accomplish pension frauds. By
no means the least wrong done is to brave
and deserving pensioners, who oertainly
ought not to be oondemued to such associa
tion. Those who attempt In the. line of duty to
rectify these wrongs should not be accused
ot enmity or lndlHerenoe lo ths olalms ot
honest veterans.
The sum expended on account ot pensions
for the year ending June SO, 1893, was I5e
740.467.14. .....
The Commissioner estimates that f 165,-
000,000 will be required to pay pension
during the year ending June 30, 1894.
" THE INDIANS,
The oondltlon of the Indians and their til
tlmate fate are subjects which are related to
a sacred duty of the Government, and which
strongly appeal to the sense ot justice an J
the sympathy of our psopls.
Our Indians number about 248,000. Motto,
them ars located oa 161 rsservatloas, cos..
talning 8.ll,53l sores ot land. About 110,
aoo of these Indians have, to a largedegrec,
adopted eivilixjd a-wtom. Lands la sev
eralfy have been allotted to many of them.
Such allotments havs been made to 10,000
Individuals during the last fiscal year, em
bracing about 1,000,000 acres.
The solution of the Indian problem de
pends very largely upon good ndmlnlstra
tion. The personal Illness of agents and
their adnntabillly to the peculiar duty or car
ing for their wants, Is ot the utmost Importance.
The jaw providing that, except In especial
cases, army officers shall bo detailed ns In
dinn agents, It I hoped will prove a success
ful experiment.
There is danger of great abuse creeping
Into the prosecution of claims for Indian de.
preelatlons, and I recommend that every
possible safeguard be provided against the
enforcement of unjust and fictitious claims
of this description.
FOBZSTBT AND AO ntCPLTTJ a B.
The report of the Secretary of Agriculture
Will be found exceedingly Interesting, espe
cially to that large part of our citizens inti
mately concerned In agricultural occupa
tions.
I especially commend to the attention of
the Congress the statements contained In the
Secretary's report concerning forestry. The
time has come when efficient measures
should be taken for the preservation of out
forests from indiscriminate and remediless
destruction.
The regulation of 1802 concerning Texa
fever have been enforced during the last
year, anil the large stockyards of the ooun
try have been kept free from Infection. Oc
caslonally local outbreaks have been large
ly such ns could have been effectually
guarded against by the owners of the at-
lecteo cattle.
While contagions nleuro-nneumonla In
cattle has been eradicated, animal tuber
culosis, a disease widespread nnd more dan
gerous to human llfethan pleiiro-pneumonla,
is hiui prevsienr. investigations nave oeen
made during the past year a to the means
of its communication ami the method otlts
correct diagnosis. Much progress has been
made In this direction by the studies of the
division ofnnlmnl nnthologv. but work ought
lo be extended In oo-operatlon with local
authorities until the danger to human life
arising from this cause is reduced to a mini
mum. In tho year 1830 ths Congress annronrlated
1000. to ho taken from the Pntent Office
funds, for the purpose of collecting and dis
tributing rare and improved varieties of seed
ana lor prosecuting agricultural investiga
tions and procuring agricultural statistics.
From this small beginning the Seed Division
of the Department of Agriculture hn grown
to Its present unwieldy and unjustlllnbly ex
travagant proportions.
During tne last nscai year tne cost of seed
purchased was f 66,548.61. The remainder
of an appropriation of 135.000 was extend
ed In putting them up and distributing
them. It surely never could have entered
the minds of those who first sanctioned
appropriation ot public money for
tne purcnaae ot new and improved
varieties of seeds for gratuitous distribution
that trom this would grow large appropria
tions for the purchase and distribution by
memoer oi uongress oi ordinary seeds,
bullie. and cuttings which are common In all
the State and Territories and everywhere
easily omainanie ac tow prices.
In each State and Territory an agricultural
experiment station has Imen established.
These stations, by their very character and
name, arethe proper agencies to experiment
with and test new varieties of seeds ; and yet
this Indiscriminate and wasteful distribution
by legislation nnd legislators continue, an
swering no purpose unless It be to Hmtind
constituents that their representatives are
willing to remember them with gratuities at
public cost.
Under the sanction of existing legislation
there was sent nut from the Agricultural
Department during the Inst fiscal year
enough of cabbage seed to plant 19,200
acres of land, a sufficient quantity of beans
to plant 4000 onre. beet seed enough to
puint 3u acres, street corn enough to plant
7800 acres, sufficient cucuinlmr seed to
cover 2025 acres with vines, and enough
muskmelon and watermelon seeds to plant
2675 acres. The total quantity of flower and
vegetable seeds thus distributed was con
tained in more than nine million packages,
and they were sufficient, If planted, to cover
89,596 acres of land.
In view of these fact thli enormous ex
penditure without legitimate returns ot bene
llt ought to be abolished. Anticipating a
consummation so manifestly In the Interest
otgood administration, more than $100,000
ha been stricken from the estimate muds to
cover this object for the year ending June
30, 1895 ; and the Secretary recommends that
the remaining 435,000 of the estimate be eon
fined strictly to the purchase of new and im
proved varieties of seeds, and that these be
distributed through exp-rlment stations.
Thus the seed will be tested, and after the
test has been completed by the experiment
station, the propagation of the useful va
rieties and the rejection of the valueless mar
safely be left to the common sense of the
people.
THE CIVIL SEBVICB LAW.
The continued intelligent execution of the
Civil Service law and the increasing ap
proval by the people of its operation are
most grat uying. me recent extension oi its
limitations and regulations to the employes
nt free delivery postofOcee, which haa been
honestly and promptly accomplished by the
commission, with the hearty co-operation ot
the Postmaster Osneral, I an Immensely Im
portant advance In the usefulness ol the sys
tem.
I am, if possible, more than ever con
vinced otthe Incalculable benefits conferred
by the Civil Service law. not only In Its effect
upon the public service, but also, what is
even mora important, in its enact in elevat
ing the tone of political Ufa generally.
need or pculio icoxoicr.
Economy in public expenditure I a duty
that cannot innocently be neglected by
those intrusted with the oontrol of
money drawn horn the peoede tor pub
lie uses. It must be confessed that our
apparently endless resources, the famil
iarity ot our people with Immense ac
cumulations of wealth, the growing
sentiment among them that the expendi
ture ol public money snouio in some manner
be to their immediate and personal advan
tage, the indirect and almost stealthy man
ner in which a large part of our taxes are ex
acted, and a degeuerated sense of official ac
countability have led to growing extrava
gance In Governmental appropriations.
At this time, when a depleted publio treas
ury eonfronts us. when many of our people
are engaged In a hard struggle for the neces
saries of life, and when enforced economy Is
pressing upon the great mass of our coun
trymen, A aesirs 10 urge wua an iu esraoH
ness at mr command that congressional
legislation be so limited by strict economy a
to exhibit an appreciation of the condltlou
of the Treasury and a sympathy with the
straitened circumstances oi our leuow-cit-
leeus.
The duty of nubile economy is also of im
mense Importance in its Intimate and neces
sary relation to the task now In band of pro
viding revenue to meet uovernment expendi
tures, and yet reducing the people's burden
ot rouerai taxation.
TABtrr c II A NOBS.
After a hard struggle tariff reform Is di
rectlv before us. Nothing so Important claims
our attention, and nothing so dearly present
Itself s both au opportunity and a duty i
opportunity to deserve tbs gratituds of our
fellow eltisens and a duty Imposed unon us by
our ort-repeatea prorsssioos sua or toe aiu-
nh.hn m.nHutA nt thm nannls. After S full
, ... u l,n ntip nnnntrrniMil kjtvs Blloksn In
favor of this reform, and they have oonttded
the mirk nr its euooneuiianment to ine nanus
nt th.taA who Mrs anlemnlv Dledmd to It.
If there Is anything In the theory of a rep
resentation In nubllo places of ths people and
their desires. If publio officers are really the
AtipvantA nt the nariDla. and if UOlitioal DrOin-
isssand profession havs any binding forus,
our failure to give the relief so long awaited
will be sheer reereancy.
Nnthinir should intsr-
vens to distract our effc
'art uuui inis rerorm is
A..Amnl.h1 hV WlSS Slid ASTSful lSlflSlStion.
While mm ahuuld staunchly adhere to the
prinoipl that only the necessity of revenue
Jnttiftes the imposition of tariff duties and
other Federal taxaiMm, and that thsy should
be llmltsa Dy strict soonoeay, we oauuua oioaa
oiir ere lu the taut that oood.Uous havs
grown up smont ns which In Justice and fair
nees can tor niscriminaiitig care in tne aistri
button of such duties and taxation as the
emergencies of our Uovernment actually de
mand. Msnlfcstly. If w are to aid the neonls dl.
rectly through tariff reform, one of Its most
obvious features should be s reduction in
present tariff charges upon the necessaries of
life. The benefits of such a reduction would
he nslnnhle snd substantial, seen snd felt h
thousands who would le better fed snd better
clothed nnd better sheltered. These sifts
should be the willing lienefnctlons of a Gov
ernment whose highest function Is the pro-
uinrinn ox ino weirnre or ine people,
Not less closely related to our neonles nms
per it vend well-being Is the removal of re.
strlctions upon the importation of the raw
materials necessary to our manufacture.
The world should be open to our national In
genuity and enterprise. This oannot lie while
Federal legislation, through the imposition of
high tariff, forbids to American manufactur
ers as cheap materials ss those used by their
competitor.
It Is milte obvious that the enhancement ot
theprlceof our manufactured prod not re
sulting from this policy not only confine the
mnrsei xor tnese pronucts witnin our own
borders, to the direct disadvantage of our
manufacturers, but also Inoreases their eosi
to our eltisens.
The Interests of labor are eertalnlv. thoush
Indirectly, Involved In this feature of our tar
HT system. The sharp competition and ao
tlvw struggle among our manufacturers to
supply tho limited demsnd for their goods,
soon till te narrow market to which they are
consigned. Then follows a suspension of work
in mills and rectories, a niscnnrgs or em
ployes, and distress In the home our working
men. Even f tho often disproved assert on could
he made good that a lower rate of wages
would result from free raw materials and low
tsrffdu'ie. t-e Intelligence of our working
men leads them quickly to discover that their
steady employment, permitted by free raw
materials, is tne moi important xactor m
their reliltlon to tariff legislation.
A measure has been prepared by the appro
nrlate Comrressional committee embodying
tariff reforms on the linns herein suggested.
hlch will be promptly snnmlttcd Mr legisla
tive action. It Is the result of much patriotic
and unselfish work, and I believe It deals with
its sublect consistently and as thoroughly as
existing oonrllttnna permit.
I sm satisfied that the reduced tariff duties
provided for In the proposed legislation, added
to existing internal revenue taxation win, in
the near future, though perhaps not Immedi
ately, prodiico sutHclent revenue to meet the
needs of the Government.
The committee, sfter full consideration, and
to provido against a temoorary deficiency
wnicn may exist oerors tne ousinesn or tne
country adjusts Itself to the new tariff sched
ules, have wlselyem braced tn their plan a few
additional Internal revenue taxes. Including a
smsll tax upon Incomes derived from certain
corporate Investment".
These new assessment are not only abso
lutely Just and easily borne, hut they have the
further merit of being such as can be remitted
wltbout unfavorable business disturbances
whenever tho necessity of their Imposition no
longer exists.
In my greet desire for the (uooes of this
measure I cannot restrain the suggestion that
Its sucoess can only be attained by means of
unselfish counsel on the part of the friends of
tariff reform and as a result of their willing
ness to subordinate personal desire and am
bitions to the public good. The local interests
affected by the proposed reform are so numer
ous and so varied that if all are Insisted upon
the legislation em bod flog the reform must
Inevitably fail.
In conclusion, m v Intense feeling of resnon-
slbillty Impels me to Invoke for the manifold
Interests of a generous nnd confiding people
the most crupu:ous care, and to pledge my
willing support to every legislative effort for
the advancement of the greatness and pros
perity of our beloved country. .
uauvsn vLsvsLaaif. J
THE LABOR WORLD.'
Colobado miners are organizing. ' .
Fatsos reports 300 strike this year.
MiLWADEES, Wis., has 856 dressmaker.
New Yobe's glove district has 5000 idle. '
Colorado Is deporting Its unemployed.
BniTisg Guiana wants 5000 Chinamen.
New York bookbinders run two free em
ployment bureaus.
Ths International Machinists gained 60011
members lost year.
Omasa, Neb., prohibit elevator conductors
Under eighteen years ot ago.
Nashville (Tenn.1 union have a scheme
to care for the sick and unemployed.
A Nsw Yore house painter was fined by ths
union for failing to report an aooldent. i
St. Paul (Minn.) engineers held an onen
meeting, at which a lecture on boiler cleaners
was delivered.
Baltimore, Bid., will prosecute work on
sewers throughout the winter In order to
furnish work.
Italians snd looms have boen shipped
. iin i v i i j i . . ! . (num. ,111.1.11, nuaraaiua
and ootton factory has been established.
an .a u D...I. I II 1 1 L.
Feathxb-wobiibs stay only about four
years In the business. This Is strangr, seeing
that the averages wages are 7.50 a week. Ol
this the feather girls spend tt in board and
ei.'iu in doming.
A Denveb (Col.) city contractor has been
ordered to work bis men only eight hoars
dnlly In order to make room for more hands.
These sewer workers have been paid from
f i.oo to ei.ia a day.
The vote ot the New Raven fConn.) Board
of Education, giving the work of building
the Manual Training School to union con
tractor and organised workingmen exclu
sively, has been declared Illegal,
It is now estimated ibst no lees than 150..
000 artisan are walking the streets ot Chica
go looking for employment. That many ol
these will suffer for tne actual necessities of
life this winter seems a certainty.
A report on the Homestead strike, by the
Commissioners ot Labor in Pennsylvania.
says that that affair cost the employes about
1,250.000. The expense to the State for
transportation and maintaining the troops
Was f 44U,'iDti.31.
Joshua Babstow. the only living printer
who every worked at case with Horace Oree-
ley, is eighty-live, but still pious up type at
night in a Norwich (Conn.) office. Though
he doesn't look sixty, he talks like it, and
is one ot the Jolllest old fellow in town. .
In boot and shoe factories girls commence)
at fourteen and remain about seven snd one
half years at the trade. There are a vast
numbers of occupations under this heading
from the header, who gets ti a week, to the
vamner, with 9. Placing the average at
6.50, the expense for living Is 93.75, and
olothing 1.38 a weelt
He Watched tha Conductor.
ome false friend advised a tray,
sler tbat If be would feel perfectly
lalra, collected and care-free when
rating his lunch at a railroad restau
rant be should watch the conductor,
rnis plan worked first-rate at Watar
fille and llrunswiclf. At 1'ortland
ihe traveler concluded to patronize
iro. Woodbury to the extent ot a full
ueal, noticing- that the conductor
leeoied eutinu placidly and slowly,
tfter tne pie and cnifee had been
eisurely and luxuriously stowed
iway the traveler walked across and
carelessly inquired ot the conductor:
How soon does your train start?"
'What iruln"
"Train to U.iston."
Train to boston! why that went
n minutes atto. 'Nolher man takes
t I change here."
And the Western Union Te'egrapb
Company received, very promptly, a
piece of business reudlnii: "Coiiduc
. No. steen: l'ut otT at lilddeford,
toat, mackintosh, two grips, and urn
Hello. U. U Tleft." LwUtou(Me)
ouroal. ' ,
"Dtn you ever go to Bins, the
tailor?" "Yea, Got twn suits from
him. One dress suit. On lawsuit,
yerjr expensive man."-- -