MONTICKLLO.
tVHtnE nscK i,ivi:i thomas
JKHKltSO.
t'ormrrlr a Prlncelr Plantation, It Is
J'alllng Into IMcturesqne Decay
Moating Place of the Author
ol the "Declaration."
FTEIt Slmint Ver
nnn, the home and
trmb of Washing
ton, on the banks of
)the Potnmai., Monti.
cello, tho old family
rent of Thomas Jef
ferson, is perhaps the
mint brum i fill spot of
historieinterestin the
'V)t 818,0 of Vir-'lni-
' U " ia th3 Mrly
lV' iu,nrn(,r time, ''10
J 9 a;r was fragrant with
the perfume of wild
flowers, the dew was
rrcsli in the new mown hay, ihecp bells
rang scroti tho slopes sweet as an ellin
shimc, bees went murmuring through
:he npplo blossoms, ,inr tho bridal
wreath of a fair young day hung over
tho purple hills, when the writer made
lis pilgrimage, to thst classic retreat
which was in former years the Mecca of
:ha icholar and the statesman, the
patriot and the roldter, tor there the
entered by two graceful porticos, sap
ported by slender dorlc pillars, and the
building Is surmounted by a miniature
rotunda which floods tho wholo Interior
with light. The halt is thirty feet square,
with a high ceiling and music gallery.
In the center of the ceiling is an eagle in
low relief surrounded by eighteen stars,
the number of States in the Union in
1912. The satoon, where Jefferson en
tertained, is finished in inlaid satinwood
and rosewood, the cornices being heavy
and richly carted. A bust of Voltaire
is all that remains of the splendid collec
tion of paintings and statuary which
once graced this beautiful drawing
room. The tea room cootairs a deli
cately carved whlto marble chimney
piece, ornamented with three exquisite
has reliefs upon a skyblne ground. The
doors are mahogany, the stairways are
graceful and winding, and the bedrooms
all hexagonal in shape. A noble ciuster
of Lombard? poplars, which he trans,
planted fromEuropc. shade the lanes ol
tho home, and there is lovely strctcb
of Iswn on all hides.
The family gravc'jnrd reminds one ol
a beautiful old flower garden which hss
been abandoned. As that exquisite line of
Goldsmith's beautifully phrases it:
The country bloims a garden an J a grave.
Tho tomb of JetTerson is a simph obe
lisk of rough granite, to the' left ol
which rests his wife, to the right his
youngest daughter, and at the head ol
these three graves are the remain of his
eldest daugthtor, his favorite child,
MONTfCF.I.t.O, JEFFERSON'S 0t.r DOME.
r.i sat parent of American freedom livci
idd lies buried.
Monticello, meaning in Italian "Little
Mountain," is suggestive of the surperb
smincuce upon which tho mansion was
ouilt. Tho name was given and .ho
souse planned by Mr. Jefferson himself.
I'ho placo commands a fine view of tho
Blue Ridge Mountains for 150 miles,
ind brings under the eye one of the
Wm.
mm
1. l!tll II II Mlf ).'
Hltl 1 l-
IBFFERSOn'S MONUMENT AT MONTICKLLO.
boldest and most beautiful horizons In
the world. The surrounding country is
one of panoramio beauty the azure
mountains, the landscape dotted hero
. and there with thriving villages and
cosy homesteads, and the picturesquo
Itivanna River that binds the base of the
hills like a silver band and them mo
andors off among the plains form a
- prospect that enchants the vision. In
the valley reposes tho pretty town of
Charlottesville, with that fine architec
tural pile, the University of Virginia,
Martha Randolph, who survived him:
His wire died tea years after their
marriage, and upon h'.-r tomb is a ro
mantic Greek inscription, which trans
lated reads:
And though spirits In a future state b
oblivious ol the past, b will even ttt--rj re
member bis lonely companion.
The epitaph upon .Tofferion's tomb,
which ho dictated for himself in his
last houis, is a splendid npititmo of hit
life, and withal iuod':st enough ;
: ITere was Burial :
.: TaOMAS Jl'F.BSO.f, j
1 Author oC the IT.vlaratlon of In-:
; 'lp?n lenee, of the Statute ot:
; Virginia lor Religious Kr-:
; rtoui, mid Rather o( tue L'ai-I
; vei-sity oC Virginia. ;
It is a memorable coincidence in Hit
country's history that Adams and Jeffer
son both died nt tho sumo hour, the
same day, and that day tha Fourth ol
July tue anniversary of America's in
dependence, which we secured through
the efforts of thoir patriotism nod states
manship. That interest incident to association
seemed to still linger over the place, but
the hand of time has made Its cruel
impress there, and what was once
beautiful home surrounded by a princely
plantation is now but a simple country
scat. Chicago Times.
- Old Sol'i Timepiece.
A French writer gives in La Nature
description of an easy method of con
stmcting two simple and serviceable
forms of sua dials. The one shown in
the first illustration is made by taking
piece of Bristol board, about the size ol
playing card, and, with a penknife,
making an incision so as to obtain two
planes, A and B (Pig. 1), united to
gether as if by a binge. By means of
compsss a sectional piece is cut from tht
The Composition of Kne't.
Chemists have discovered that there art
nearly seventy kinds of elementary mat
ter existing iu and on the earth. There
are doubtless many undiscovered ele
ments. When it is remembered that
cbemisty as sn exact science is but little
over a hundred years old, wo must not
chide it for not having entirely com
pleted its investigations. The ideas
WSSSSS ?PIL'
' 'fr
JEFFEnSON BAST CHAIR AND 8TCDT TABMt.
half a mile farther. Ten miles to the
north, in the range of bills, is Mont,
pelier, President Madison's home, and
three miles southward ia Indian Camp,
once an estate of President Monroe.
Truly, this is an ideul site for a home,
and must have been in those days a
beautiful retreat for a man like Jofforson
after the turmoils of publio life. There
be gathered around him men of science
and political fame who fashioned our
Government and to whom this genera
tion owes its present greatness.
The residence betrays a fine sense of
taste as well as a practical idea ot those
comforts which render home life io de
lightful in the South, and pose owes au
aroblteotural beauty which pleases the
eye even in its decay. The main pavil
ion, which has a winir on either aide, is
nntxTor. board ccx imr
lower piano. Tue slit, (b), made in
plane B, nt tho same distance from the
edge as the lino, (al, will serve to allow
it to pass through this plane. In the
center of the latter draw a straight lint
st right angles with the hingo or joint,
and along this lino glue a piceo of card
board, C. Finally, a fourth pioce, D,
provided with a slit and glued to the
posterior edge of the piano, B, will
icrve to keep the piece, C, at right
angles with the hitter. Divide the smal'
sro into degrees.
The suu dial will then be flnUhcd, but
befote gluing the three pieces ot which
it is constructed, care must be taken to
draw upon the plans, B, a circumference
around tho point that Is to be occupied
by the base of C and to divido it into
lectors of fifteen degroes. To this effect
tpply a Icj of the compasses upon u line
st right angles with the intersection of
tho planes, A and B, and lay off a rsdint
on each side, and then divide tho arc
thus obtained twice into two parts. It
remains to place our instrument . In the
meridian. To this effect we may use s
watch, and, so to speak, set our sun dial.
The only difficulty with this instru
ment is that it will become injured by
rain. By using a tumbler, a dial may
be made that will not be ruined by
storms. As seen from the illustration,
Fig. 2, a piece of thick cardboard, hav
ing a small aperature in the center closed
with a cork, is atttached to the bottom
ot the glsss, but before doing this, tlx
in the interior of the ' glass a band ol
paper (b), upon which the hours have
been marked. Then tlx a knitting
which have been advanced to the effect
that there is only one kind of matter, and
that all so-called elements are only forms
of this original element, are purely hy
potheses, which yet iwuit proof. Ot all
these forms of matter there are less than
twenty which are of interest from an
agricultural point of view. These im
portant elements will be "briefly de
scribed. The order in which tbey are
mentioned show approximately the rela
tive abundance in which they exist; but
U must be remembered that it ia not
atwnys possible to state definitely that
this or that element occurs la the greater
quantity. The classification, therefore,
insy not be strictly correct, but is at
least apparently to. Belcw tbey are
placed in two classes, via., metillold
ana metau. American earner.
PENNSYLVANIA PICKINGS.
OXS IMPORTANT HAB!tIfl
TU.MBt.RR SI.'S MAT..
needle (c) in the axis ot the glass by
passing it through small apertures made
in advance in the cardboatd and cork.
Fix the glass with coment to a board (f)
that will be traversed by the needle.
We shall thus obtain the instrument
shown, which it will then suffice to set,
as it was shown in the drat case.
She Remembers Wsshlntlon's Pcath.
Mrs. Christina Borduer has just celo
brated her 103d birthday in Lswistown,
III., at the home ot her aged son. Mrs.
Bordner, whose maiden name was Chris
tina Losb, was barn on ono ot tho Ger
man frontier settlements of Pennsly.
vania, October 3ti, 1780. Slio was ten
Kits. BOnDNKO.
years old when Washington died, and
the Chicago Herald says sue distinctly re
members the sorrow of the people on
that occasion. Her husband, Peter
Bordner, died In 1831, when he was but
ten months from being 100 years old.
Thirteen children were born to them, of
whom ten are living, and their de.
soendsnta, including twenty-four great
children, now number 353 persons.
By Easy Stages. -
Of Xatsraat to Owsllsra ta the Ksrstow
State.
BETrorta to bk indicted.
t usi-Mrrrn jcimi ixhtsihts a nno jprt
TO RKTI'ltX KMKTIOK RISKrAXKBS.
Judg McMullen, In his charge to fh
grand Jury at Lancaster, referred to an of
fense against the law to which little attri
tion has heretofore been paid betting on
elections. He instructed the grand Inqurst
to present for Indictment all such persons
known to them who made wafers on the
recent election, as thousands of dollars were
won and lost In this county on the Treat-
dental election. The charge created quite a
a. ligation and many bettors are alarmed.
Tbey fear that the grand jury may Indict
'hem.
a imrnci.KitK'H awki'L krror.
till! WRUXO MKIWiNIt OIVFS 10 A YOUNO
WHMtlt KIMS IIKII.
Mrs. Trier Bowman, of Saltillo, Hunting
don county, called at Morrison's drilK
atore In Newton for a small quantity of
Ksom s ilts. Tho clerk In mistake gave her
acetate of magnesia. Mrs. Bowman died in
great agony. Phe was only 2t years ot ai?e,
and hail been married but throe months.
The clerk who maile the fatal mlstnke Is
almost rrar.rd with grief, and his friends
are constantly on the watch lest he ab-ll
commit suicide.
-.Ufa.
SOLDIERS' COLUMN
AT VtCKSBURO.
A West Virginia Oomrads Describes the
Oraa-. Charts.
IIR STATU FRIXTIHU.
Superintendent of Printing Crier, In his
annual report shows that the cost of the
Htatc printing and binding the past year,
amounted to H7i,5ll2 PI. ami the cost of pa
per and supplies used was tl'lJtll 4!l. The
number of reports, documents, etc., printed
was !f:tH,4S0, the cost of which was i:tl.
733 M. Tho number of copies of pamphlets
printed was iHl.O1).
A Novr.i. n.KiTiox wmifii rin.
Aa the result of a wager nil the Presiden
tial election, Hiloert (Ireeiiburg.ex-preaidenl
of the State l'iremen's Assoriation, and
present chief ot th Htintintrdon fire depart
ment, waded the Juniata river at Juniata,
In the preaenee of 2,000 people, whllo a live
ly discourse was (ilayed by the city band.
The water was cold and deep.
WORK or TIIK Vll.lt I'lOAnKTTK.
Two weeks ago a (ienova college (Beavei
Falta) student named (ieorge I '.lice was tak
en lo his home In Philadelphia ill with ty
phoid fever. He died at his home and the
announcement of the fact at the college was
coupled with Die statement ot his physi
cians that bis death was indirectly due tq
exc 'Stive cigare'? smoking.
w - -
A BLOCK llFSTnOYKD.
A fire occurred at Pottstuwn fn the stora
ot Joseph Manly, caused by tho explosion of
a con! oil lump. The block containing the
Manly general store, Ifilenian's nltlce, Mat
thew's music itorc, Weeks Bros.' cigar
store sud factory wore burned to the ground.
The loss on the Manly strc Is about tll.Ono.
Matthew's loss la :',00a lr. Hilenian's
loss will reach f 1,300. They are partial!
Insured.
-
TIIKY N.AVED WITH KUlR.
Two young children of Mr. and Mis.
Taylor ('robin, of Ilollldaysliurg, were play
ing with Hra during their parents' nbsenre
from the house. One child was burned to a
cinder by the flames, but the other may
probably live.
K 1 1. 1. t il IX A I OM.ISIOX.
Daniel Calkins, a brakeman on the Buf
falo, Rp'.lu-ster and I'ittsuurg railroad, was
almost instantly killed at llutchins, in a
rear end collision between an Erie and a
BnHulo. Rochester ond Pittsburg train. He
was 37 years old and leaves a wife.
A lie o man ia oerntliig in Weslmnre
Ian I county very successfully. He repre
sents himself as a relative of his victims
and tells them that another relative in a
distant Slate has died and left (hem a Write
sum of money. He then borrows enough
Diouey to get tliein their share.
At Coateavllle, (.'. H. (iarret it Son's Beaver
Dam paper mills and ovsr 30,001, v.-orth of
stock, a frame dwelling and throe rra on
the Pomeroy and Delaware City Railroad
were burned. Loss over S7J.0OO.
William Witsi.KY, aged K, ami his wife.
Mary, aged HO.wers burned to death at their
tarn, house near Selin'a (irove. it ia aup
poteil lliut the lira was occasioned by tbu ex
plosion of a coal oil lamp.
Bleeps Willi Iter F.rtt Open.
Richard Hlslry of Tort Jefferson,
L. I., is a hard-working Imyman. Ho
has a rather pretty daughter, who for
tho past year, according to the New
York World, bus linen puzzling tho
loctors In consontience of a peculiar
affliction which has attacked hor eyes.
Mlssltlsley la about 17 years old. A
year ago, whllo walking on tho bench
near her homo with hor mother, she
mddenly exclaimed that something
had entered her eye. She pressed her
bands over her eyes and a moment
later fell in a tit. The young woman
was carried homo In a partially un
conscious condition. When finally
she was restored to consciousness it
was discovered that hor eyes had a
strained look as though some Inward
pressure was forcing them out of thoir
sockets. She complained of no pain,
but her eyes continued ti protrude
more and more until It would seem
that must fall out. The eyes are now
so much protruded that the lids can
not close down over them, so that the
sufferer sleeps nt night with her eyes
wido open. Ucr sonso of sight is
gone while she steeps, this having
been demonstrated by experiments.
The peculiar trouble which has at
tacked her eyes also appears to ha
sapping tho young woman's health.
She has uccomo palo and emaciated,
and has the apnearanoeof a person suf
fering from consumption. Her con
dition has thus far doflod the skill of
the doctors, who admix that they ara
unablo to explain the cause.
Tiierk is one sort ot Ignorance that
becomes women: iirnorauce of ineu.
She I can sympathize with you.
I was married once myself. He But
you weren't married to a woman.
IDGl
I HAVE no
tlced in your vsl
uablo paper ac
counts of the
siege of Vlcks-
Imrg, which were
NJlntcrcstinD; to me,
V r mX? t44 as I was there
sv iC5iYl "n'' 'mT0 me
U) fitnt recollection
1' of nil tho charges
that wcro made
on the great stronghold which was the
key to the Mississippi,
Tho regiment to which I belonged
was one of tho live that composed the
First Urigado, Second Division, Fif
teenth Corps. I will not mention the
march from Young's Point, La., to
Grand Uulf, which Is at tho mouth of
the Dig Dlack River, then around to
tho renr of Vicksburg.
We arrived in sight of tho city the
morning of tho lllth of May, 1803,
where we could seo tho rebel forts and
tho long lines of rille-pits. We wcro
halted In a ravine, and thero begun to
rest our weary bonc from tho long
and protracted marches and hard
fighting.
About 11 o'clock a. m.. whilo we
wcro resting, our bravo Colonel called
us into line and made a short speech.
He told us that we would bo called tip
on to charge on tho fort, (pointing in
the direction i.f a monster tort that we
could see by going up a small bin IT).
He also told us to get dinner and eat
heartily, and hnvo our canteens filled
with water, saying that at 3 o'clock p.
m. there would be a siegc-gun fired,
which would be the signal for thr
charge.
Ho told us that our regiment boro a
good name, antl ho wanted us to main
tain that name; that ho asked no man
to go any firthcr than ho did; which
was enough for its, for well we knew
he would go ns far as the brnyst-
Vie preparca lnaer which was
short Jou, as It took but a few minutes
to prepare coffee and hardtack, and it
si-uined Hint tho C'nbn"l'i speech snd
the sight of that big fort took our ap
petites. The render ran imagine the
suspense that wo wero in during those
long thrco hours from 11a. m. to 8. p.
m., for well rlld we know that ero the
sun went down many of us would an
swer the last roll-call.
I will hero stnto that 'one answered
tho last roll call whllo sitting eating
his dinner, ard where wo thought ev
eryone was out of danger. It must
have been 00 feet from where we wcro
sitting to the top of tho bin IT that pro
tected us from the view of tho enemy,
but a stray minie ball came whistling
through tho tree tops lur above us and
struck a limb, which glanced it down
ward, and it struck a poor comrade In
tho bond, knocking tlin brains out in
his cap. Ho gasped and was gone.
Well, 3 o'clock is here, tho big gun ii
fired, and tho sound goes echoing
through the air. "Fall in!" is the
command from Col. James H.Dayton,
and each one of us falls into his place;
the line is formed, tho command, "For
ward, march!" is given; onward we
move until we come in sight of the
Johnnies; they begin to shoot. Then
comes tho command to "Doublo quirk
chareo,,'and awny we go toward tho
fort. What sights meet our eyes. God
forbid that I may ever behold such
again. The air was full of doadly
missiles, grape and canister solid shot
and shell, railroad iron, minio balls,
buckshot, and I know not what else.
A portion of the ground that wt
charged over was obstructed with
fallen trees, tops toward us, besidt
canebrakes. so the reader can Imagine
what progress wo mado. Hut on w
went. I could look iu no direction
without seoing comrades falling, some
turning somer saults, with gun clutch
ed tight in thoir hand, holding on with
tho last death grip.
Tho fort that we were charging
stood on n high bluff, soma SO or 00
yards from the edge of the blufT, with
rifle-pits on the right and left nt it. To
this bluff we went, and up it and on
to the outside of the fort, Thure we
sund a deep ditch with cane-stalk
placed in tho ground, sharpened and
pointing outward. The points would
take us about the bowels. There w
were compelled to atop. The roadet
can just imagino how any of us escap
ed, while closo enough to the rebel
works to soe each other's eyes.
As soon as the officers in crmmand
learned that we could go no farther
we were ordered to fall back under
cover of this blufT to a point SO or 60
yards from the fort. We foil back but
left a great number of the boys in blue
lying on this SO or 60 yards of giound
I think that I am safe in saying that
I could have walked on dead bodies
from the edge of this blurt" to the
ditch outside the fort. Our brav
Ma.i. Goodspeed lost his life, as did
Loth of our Color-Sergeants. The
flags wents dnwu; were picked up;
again they went down; again tbey
went up, until all of the Color Bearers
were killed and all but one of the
Color Guards, but those doar old flags
came out of that slaughter-pen In safe
ty, but covered with blood, and ar
now at Charleston, the capitol of thii
State. Although tattered and torn,
they are dear to tboao who followed
them through those trying times. I
have a small piece of one of them now
in my humble home which Is all stala-
ed with the blood split at the abort
place.
AVe wero ordered to hold our ground
at all hazards after (ailing back undor
rover of the bluff; for' we expected tht
Johnnies to come out of tbose workt
and charge on us. Our officers ordered
us to reserve our fire until the John
nies got to the point of our bayonets,
then fire. We waited in suspense,
watching for them to emerge from
their holes; but they did not come.
Our officers then plckod ont the best
marksmen, and ordired them to keep
up a brisk fire whoncver they could
see a Johnnv's head above the breast
works. I exchanged many shots while
this duel was going on, which lasted
until night spread her dark mantel
over us. Then the order came to fall
bsck, each one having orders not Ho
speak above a whisper. I can never
forget that silent march to the rear,
each ono stepping carefully, lest he
step on the dead body of his comrade
who had made his last charge and an
swer to his last roll-call. The reason
for this stilt march to the rear was tha
tear of the Johnnies opening upon us
by guess, which would doubtless have
killed many of us, as they were well
acaualnted with the ground. As Is
was there was not a shot fired, and we
reached the spot where we started
from at 2 p. m.
There tho Colonel gave his company
Orderlies orders to call the roll, and a
sad roll call It was.
That morning 400 answered to roll,
rati; that night S00 answered to their
names 200 out of 400 had been killed
or wounded. That night, as we were
falling back over that battle-ground,
poor fellows would call for help where
they had been lying, unable to get
away, since 2 p. m.
During the night the rebels gathered
ur dead and placed them sido by side
on tho edge of the bluff near the fort,
with theit heads toward us. AVe could
see the blue from whero we had fallen
back. I never could tell why they put
thorn there, unless to aggravate us. It
was a tad sight. Those who fell in
this charge lay from May 19 until the
3Sth before they were put under the
earth. On that day a flag of truce
went up, that the dead might be buried
I was on the detail to do that work,
and what a task! Those poor comrades
were lying in every conceivable shape,
tome with their guns titill grasped in
their hands, with eyes glaring wido
open. It seemed that they would ba
looking at me, no difference whic'j side
of them I wonld get on. They were
all turned black and badly swollen,
with corruption running nut of their
mouiiib. I can scarcely write without
wetting this paper with tears. Wil.--Mam
KiMQSl)S in National Tribune.
TAKEN TOO LITERALLY.
Row a Cllrl Very l ikely Lost a Prnpoiaf '
yf Mn Triage, J
'You cannot always take jour own
medicine or cvon bo measured by your
own standards," mild a woman recently
?rho prided herself upon being exact and
systematic n all things, and who could
eitloy a Joke, even at her own expense.
"I was at a rooertlon not so many
years ago," alio said rather demurely,
"and was playing upon the piano to en
tertain a small group of friend when a
man who hud shown me considerable at
tention suddenly Interrupted me by ask
ing: 'It you were very much Interested
In a young woman, what consideration
would prevent you from asking hor to
marry you?'
"Well, I, of course, was soinowhat
taken aback, not being In the mood for
a scone right then and there, turned
around and answered, 'Well, I never
should propose to a woman I have met
only at receptions and in company. I
should make It n point to call upon her
at all sorts of unexpected times, to see
how she looked at home In the morning,
whether she went about In an old wrap
per with dishovolled hair and slipshod,
whether she helped her mother, or lolled
about reading novels until noon. A man
tnakea a great mlotako whon he takes It
for granted that the woman he admires
possesses all the domestic virtues In tha
calendar, and Is always attractive and
amiable. "Jn fact," she added, "I gave
him a long lecture on the subject, tor
which ho thanked me.
"I may add that I never met the man
again. Xext morning, contrary to my
UHual cuHtom. I slept until nearly noon,
coming down to a Vi o'clock breakfast.
"Mr. U had already called threes
time."
Origin or Tattle rtenslls.
A French writer attempts to traca
table utensils most of them of re
cent introduction to their origin.
Tho Romans took their meals lying
upon very low couches, and It was
not until about the time of Charle
magne tim a stand was used, around
which gnosis wcro seated on cush
ions, whilo the tablo made its ap
pearance in the middle ages, and
with It camo benches with backs.
The Greeks and Romans ate from a
kind of porringer, ,ct during a por
tion of tho middle ages slices of bread
cut round took the place of plates.
The spoon Is very ancient, and many
Ono specimens are in existence that
were used by the Egyptians in the
seventeenth century IS. O. The knifo
though very old had not come Intu
common use as a tablo utensil in tho
tenth century. The fork was abso
lutely unknown to tho Greeks and
Romans, appeared only as a curiosity
in tho middle ages, and was first used
upon the table by Henry III. Drink
ing cups In tho middle ages, mado
from metal, moro or less precious
naturally date front tho remotest
antiquity. The use of glasses, from
Venice, 5gun to be general in tha
fifteenth century. The salt cellar
appeared at a very early, date, and
occupied tho place of honor at tha
banquets of tho (J recks and Romany
manv of them being nt gold and sil
ver. Tho castor Is probably not older
than tho sixteenth century.
now Haaats
On the Icy peaks ot the Himalayan,
says an imaginative writer, there Isu
"snow maggot," resembling tha silk
worm in appearance, and weighing
nearly a pound. It la excellent to
eat, but toq much ot it will make,
ona bleed at the noa.