THE INQUISITION.
AN INSTITUTION THAT EX13TED IN
SPAIN FOR GENERATIONS.
IM Vlettaas Are Numbered by Hundred
of T1iwnd Pint Directed Again!
Jews, Afterward llerrtle Christians
Were Tortnred and Rilled.
Perhaps those who have accused Chris
topher Columbus of linrruw, sectarian
bigotry and of cruelty have not sufll
ciently tnken into Recount the spirit of
the age In which he lived. The intol
erance, the bigotry ami tho merciless
cruelty of that time nre sufficiently illus
trated in that moat monstrous of iimtilu
tions, the Spanish inquisition.
What Is called the mode rn inquisition
was established In Spain under the reign
of Ferdinand and Isaliella sovereigns
who possessed many of the elements of
greatness, and who certainly brought
Spain to a high position among the na
tion! of the world. Yet it was nnder
the reign of these two sovereigns that
the monstrous inquisition wna estali
lished. This inquisition consisted of a coin
mission consisting of several judges,
whose duty it was to hunt out heretics
and punish them. The primary object
of the Inquisition was to extirpate
very trace of heterodoxy, and make a
land where none but the orthodox could
lire. It succeeded in its attempt, but
the history of its proceedings fur
nishes one of the most bloody nar
ratives to which the race has ever lis
tened. The attention of the inquisition was
first directed nguinst the Jews. This
thrifty faco of people then, ns now,
were conspicuous for their financial im
portance. In the course of time many
Christians became their debtors, and it
is probable that the desire to escape
these just debts frequently occasioned
the seizure of these unfortunate Jews
for heresy. The Christian not only did
not feel it incumbent upon himself to
pay his debts to heretics, but even all
their property was confiscated.
These heretics could be accused anony
mously , and it was not considered neces
sary to bring the accused and the ac
cuser face to face. The accused heretic
was seized without warning, oonveyed
to the chambers of the inquisition and
rigidly kept from all intercourse with
the outside world. No relative or friend
to condole with him or to advise him
was permitted to come into his presence.
Be waa kept in ignorance of the charge
upon which he waa incarcerated. Coun
sel was allowed him, but this waa a mere
formality, for this counsel waa not al
lowed to confer with him.
If the prisoner refused to confess his
guilt, or was caught in evasions or con
tradictions, he waa conveyed to the tor
ture chamber, where he was submitted
to the lnteaaest agony which it is pos
sible for human -turves to sustain.
Doubtless many innocent men declared
themselves guilty nnder this exquisite
torture in order to escape the terrible
agony. Indeed death was preferable to
the torment.
The evidence upon which the heretics
were convicted seems to ns entirely in
sufficient "The presumptive proofs,"
says Prescott, "by which the charge of
Judaism was established against the ac
cused are so curious that a few of them
may deserve notice. It was considered
good evidence of the fact if the pris
oner wore better clothes or cleaner linen
on the Jewish Sabbath than on other
days of the week; if he had no
fire in his house the preceding even
ing; if he sat at table with Jews,
or ate the meat of animals slaugh
tered by their hands, or drank a
certain beverage held in much estima
tion by them; if he washed a corpse in
warm water, or when dying turned his
face to the wall; or, finally, if he gave
Hebrew names to his children a pro
vision most whimsically cruel, since, by
law of Henry II, he was prohibited
under severe penalties from giving them
Christian names. He must have found
it difficult to extricate himself from the
horns of this dilemma."
I If the accused was found guilty, as he
usually waa, he was led forth in great
ceremonial state, accompanied by a pro
cession of high ecclesiastics, submitted
to revolting insults and ignominiously
burned at the stake.
While Torqnemada was inquisitor
general, a period of eighteen years, over
10,000 heretics were burned at the stake,
nearly 7,000 burned in effigy and almost
100,000 subjected to heavy and igno
minious penalties. This makes an av
erage of over 6,000 persons annually.
The inquisition waa at first directed
against Jews, but afterward against
heretio Christians themselves. It con
tinned it awful work through many
generations, and its unfortunate victims
were numbered by the hundred thou-
The present degradation and degener
acy of Spain is due to this cause more
than any other. Wherever fetters are
put upon the human mind the race de
cays, shrivels and degenerates. Wher
ever freedom of thought is prohibited a
race of intellectual pygmies must neces
sarily result. Humanity progresses
through the influence of original winds,
which do not think along the accepted
lines of thought. This order of men it
is which leads the world up to ever
higher and higher conceptions, to higher
and higher planes of living. It was this
kind of men that the Spanish inquisi
tion could find no better Ube for than
burning at the stake.
Bo all the noblest thinkers of Spain
were burned, all hor origiuul thinkers
were either killed or suppressed and
only commonplace minds, which ac-
cepted existing standards without In
veBtigation and without thought, were
pared. It is no wonder thut Spain
dropped into an intellectual lethargy
from which she has never revived. The
inquisition was one of the most colossal
mistakes in all history. 8. Watteraon
Ford in Yankee Blade.
LIVING OX Alii
The Remarkable Survival ef Three B
tombed Miners la Bohemia.
The teaching of experience as illus
trated by several instances of prolonged
abstinence, though it may afford some
idea of human endurance In this partic
ular under special conditions, baa yet
provided no certain criterion of the vi
tal resistance possessed by the average
man when suddenly deprived of every
form of snstennnce. The measure of
this force may nevertheless be gauged
with approximate correctness from the
history of recurrent instances of pro
longed and accidental privation. As an
example, the following is remarkable
even in this category!
It is the narrative of three Bohemian
miners, who, after being entomlied by a
fall of sand in the pit where they were
working, were finally rescued alive,
though of course in an utterly prostrate
condition, seventeen days Inter. During
the period of their live burial air was
pumped down to them by bore holes.
On this they may lie said to have lived,
without food and without water. The
total want of the latter is what makes
their survival so remarkable. But for
this essential the longer fasta of profes
sional fasting men would have been
qnite impossible.
We can have no difficulty in under
standing generally why this holds true
if we bear In mind the fact Hint not
only does water constitute by far the
greater constituent of every tissue, but
that withont its due prcf rtiou tho cir
culation and nutrition of the blood ami
that needful if costly chemical change
upon which nil tissue repair depends
would be alike impossible.
In endeavoring to trace the rationale
of a life persisting, as in the case of the
burled miners, in spite of the absence of
every natural condition, we must notice
one or two significant points. In the
first place, their condition was tlmt of
rest, their functional metabolism beiuc;
provisionally less active, their waste
tissue diminished and their output of
carlxinic acid not so likely to overcharge
the surrounding atmosphere. Further,
we may tnke it for granted that a robust
physique had no small share in the con
servation of vital energy.
Much depends in such cases on the
amount of nitrogenous matter stored up,
for tho most part in the muscular tissue,
and available for destructive changes.
We may safely assume that the amount
of reserve nitrogen in the case of these
men was not meager. It is mainly, no
doubt, to this circumstance that we
must attribute not only the fact of their
existence, but the still more remarkable
prospect of their convalescence and ulti
mate recovery. London Lancet.
An Interesting Qaeetlna.
A very interesting question is before
congress and the American Bar associa
tion arising out of the unfortunate mas
sacre of the Italians in New Orleans.
The relations between this country and
Italy were strained nearly to the point
of war. Diplomatic intercourse was not
discontinued, but Baron Fava, the Ital
ian minister, was recalled.
The issue in the controversy arose
from the conduct of the mob that broke
into the New Orleans jail and killed the
Italians who had been wrested for the
murder of the chief of police. For
everything done by the people of the
eity, and for everything done or left
undone by the government and courts
of the state of Louisiana, the federal
government was responsible to Italy.
The men engaged in the outrage were
acquitted, and this government recog
nized its moral responsibility at least
by paying a small sum of money to sur
viving sufferers.
The question before congress and the
Bar association's international law com
mittee is clear. What remedy is there
for a condition of law, international and
domestic, under which the United States
is responsible to a foreign government,
even to the point of war, for the acts of
the people and courts of a single state?
It is an interesting and important, ques
tion and one in which the whole coun
try is concerned. Harper's Weekly.
A Natural Incubator.
The officers and men of the United
States cutter Bush relate marvelous
tales of wondrous discoveries made by
them during their 1890 cruise. They
dredged for doep sea oddities in the al
most fathomless "sinks of the Pacific's
bed. They collected marine alga so
delicate in figure that it took the finest
microscopes to bring out even the coars
est outlines, leaving the minute fibers as
a hazy mist on the vision, and finally
outdid themselves by getting flue
photographic view of a creature sport
ing in the sand of one or the low lying
islands which leads their paleologist to
the belief that some of the supposed
antediluvian monsters are still in ex
istence. But the feat of which they seem
proudest was the discovery of a natural
incubator on the sides of the volcano
Bogoslov, where millions of awks, gulls
and other sea birds deposit their eggs
and leave them to be hatched by vol
canic heat. Who says that birds are de
void of intelligence? St. Louis Repub
lic.
Not Looking fur a Job.
A young woman, whose distinguished
carnuge was hidden beneath her mack
intosh, and whose well kept locks were
crowned with a soft felt cap, came in to
engage a cook. An elderly woman with
a lorgnette had come for the same pur
pose. The latter became a little impa
tient over the delay to which she was
subjected and began a little investiga
tion on her own account. She advanced
to the lady in the mackintosh, whose
boad happened to be turned away, and
Inquired tersely:
"Can you cook?"
The young woman turaod her aston
ished gaxe upon her of tho lorgnette.
Then she said politely:
"I can coci. But I am not looking
for a situation." Now York World.
A Ueelrable Creature.
He that would have flue guests let
hiw bavj .flue wife.. Ben Jonson.
OLD TIME FUNERALS.
WHEN LEADVILLE DID THE "PROPER
THING" FOR DEAD MEN.
When "Teaas Jerk" Waa Hurled the
Whole Town Turned Out There Was
a Kraes Band, n Clinrue from an Opera
Company and n Long Procession.
To one who passes along tho Btreets of
Leadville now there is just one feature
In particular which serves as a mark of
comparison of tho Lendville of today
with the mining camp of thirteen years
ago. Lienilvtlle now is respectnlile,
staid and as solemn as a mining city
enn be, but it isn't the solemnity in the
abstract which strikes one now. It Is
specific solemnity which concerns
Itself with funerals.
To one who has lived in the past, when
every funeral was an occasion for ns
much celebration as a circus, the quiet
and sedate cortege moving along Chest
nut street todny is something not to lie
considered. It is too gloomy to suit the
old timer; but, alas! tho old timer is no
more.
In 1879 the town was wild. Every
body carried a "gun" not in his pocket,
mind yon, only the natural born fool
did, and he rarely lived to repent of it.
The weapon was stuck in his belt right
handy for immediate action. As a con
sequence rnrely a day passed without a
violent denth. Added to this the work
of pneumonia kept the gravedlgger over
in the valley at work night and day.
This may sound like exaggeration, but
it isn't. The twinkling lights in the
valley presented a growsume appearance
at night and mora so when their purpose
was known. They lit the gravediggers
at work. Pneumonia was a fearful
enemy. Men were strong, fenrless,
healthy in the morning, and when even
ing emtio with it was the physician and
the next day the undertaker. No ac
commodations lit to lie culled such were
obtainable, mid men after days of hard
work in tho mines were obliged to sleep
in tlmt frosted atmosphere wherever
they could.
Rev. T. J. Mnckey was tho most pop
ular clergyman in town at that timo.
He was loved by the good people and
respected, almost venerated, by the
gamblers and tho miners, which doesn't
imply that miners were not in them
selves reputable people. Whenever a
miner or a sporting mini or woman died
it was Parson Mackey who was culled
in. There was one day in particular
when tho parson held four funerals, and
that was the record. Four was fre
quently equaled, but it stood as the top
notch for one clergyman.
Mr. Mackey, who was an Episcopal
clergyman, held services in the Tabor
opera house. Fifty dollars a day was
the rent, and tho collection never fell
short. It waa necessary to closo the
doors then long before the time for the
beginning of the service to keep back
the crowds. This four funeral day
spoken of was the dny on which J. B.
Omohnndrn, known all over tho world
as "Texas Jack," was buried.
Leadville never did funerals by halves.
A brass bund was a regular thing. No
funeral was held without one. The
band attending upon Jack was made up
of fifty pieces, being a combination of
several. Fay Temploton's opera com
pany was playing an engagement in
Leadville then, and Fay agrood to sup
ply her compnny to act as choir. The
coffin wan set upon the stage loaded
with flowers, and flowers were rarer
than mines in Leadville, and Rev.
Mackey appeared in his regimentals as
chaplain of the Tabor Light Guards to
preach the funeral sermon. As he pro
ceeded, whenever he mado an illusion
to any good quality in Jack the congre
gation applauded as vociferously ns
though they were approving a fine
feature of a play. There was no dis
orderthese people meant it all. They
wept at the preacher's words and stamp
ed their feet in approval of his hope for
Jack's chances over there.
Before the services Mr. Mackey had
been waited upon by the Tabor Light
Guards. They recited to him the fact
that all the senior officers but the chap
lain were absent from the city, and told
him that as he was ranking officer of
the day he must don his regimentals
and lead the company, At first ho de
murred vigorously, but finally, equipped
with blue and gold and a aword that
knew not its place and the propriety of
keeping it, he marched upon the stage
to help Jack along. When the services
were over he found they had provided a
horse for him to lead the column.
The preacher wasn't the most remark
able horseman in the world, but be was
game, and he mounted and started
away. Direotlythe band struck up the
"Dead March in Saul" the preacher and
his steed became almost as prominent as
the corpse or they would have been
elsewhere than in Leadville. Hero
everything went. The dominie waltzed
to the graveyard on his fiery charger
actually waltzed, but nobody noticed
that. That waa a regular thing, or at
least not a striking innovation.
At Ouiohundro'a funerul, as at all
funerals in Leadville, work of all
kinds was suspended. Men and women
thronged upon the sidewalks packed
them. One could really have walked on
the heads of the people and nobody
would have noticed it. In those days
the undertaker took great pride in the
turning out. Riding in the carriage with
the preacher be would look back lov
ingly and say:
"Ah, now, this is a funeral that U a
funeral. This is something like. Look
at the crowds, parson, and we've got
seven more pieces in the band than at
tended the Swede tlmt McCloskey buried
yesterday." Cor. Omaha World-Horald.
Due to Cureh-Miiens.
By being a little curcful and thought
ful you can preserve the beauty of form
in your shoes; running them over at the
sides and heels is a matter of pure care-
lussnoss only and a habit that Is a rather
expensive one, as it makes the shoes look
worn and old long before they would if
properly cared for. Detroit Free Press.
A Laughable ftnpitratltlon.
"A enrions illustration of the value of
superstitions," said Mr. Kunz, the dia
mond expert for Tiffany & Co., "was
afforded the other dny by a lady who
brought a set of opals here for the pur
pose of selling them. She felt, obliged
to part with them on account of a series
of misfortunes In her family which she
feared were attributable to tho gems,
so notoriously unlucky. On examining
them I found that they were merely im
itations. A few weeks ngI had in my
possession three senshells which had
been transformed into opaj. Their orig
inal limy material had lieeu dissolved
ont of the rock by which they were in
closed, and the precious Kiilwtaiice was
deposited by water In place of the lime,
retaining the form of the shells. A
gradunte of Harvard college bought the
curiosity and presented it to that insti
tution. New York Sun.
An Abnentmlnded Journalist.
Jim Falierpusher Is one of the most
industrious journalists In New York.
He thinks of nothing but his professional
duties.
One day his wife (to whom he waa re
cently married) snid to him:
'Yon don t siteak to me any more.
Have you ceased to love me?"
"Oh. no. but I just can t find time.
I'm pressed for time.''
'Yes. but I don t ifet pressed at all.
responded the neglected wife. This well
merited rebuke reminded the journalist
of his litigations to his better half.
Texns Si f tings.
Perfecting His Italian.
Mrs. McClaugh Is your son gob) to
school now, Mrs. McOooghan?
Mrs. McGooghan No, sure, he s t Tew
wid the English branches. He's per
fectln his Italian now.
"Wherer
"Helpin dig a eewex down on the
road bey ant." New York Weekly.
A Rlirewd Investment.
The investment of 4.000,000 made by
the British government in the Sues
canal shares will in a year or two, ac
cording to Mr. Ocischen. bo worth 19,
000,000, which proves it to have been an
excellent stroke of business as well as of
diplomacy. New York Times.
Having a Hlauip.
Mamma Why did you put two stamps
on this letter? One would have been
plenty.
Little Tommy One of the stamps waa
tored, and I didn't want to waste it.
Good News.
Ayer's Hair Vigor
Makes the hair soft and glossy.
"I have used Ayer's Hair Vigor for
nearly Ave years, and my hair Is moist,
glossy, and In an excellent state of pres
ervation. I am forty years old, and have
rlililen the plains for twenty-live years,"
Wm. Henry Ott, ofat "Mustang Bill,
Newcastle, Wyo.
Ayer's Hair Vigor
Prevents hair from falling out.
"A number of years sgo, by recommen
dation of a friend, 1 began to use Ayer's
Hair Vigor to stop the hair from falling
out and prevent Its turning gray. The
first effects were most satisfactory.
Occasional applications since have kept
my hair thick and of a natural color."
II. E. llasliani, McKlnney, Texas.
Ayer's Hair Vigor
Restores hair after fevers.
"Over a year ago I had a severe fever,
and when I recovered, my hair began
to fall out, and what Utile remained
turned gray. I tried various remedies,
but without suoness, till at last I began
to use Ayer's Hair Vigor, and now my
hair Is growing rapidly and Is restored
to Its original color." Mrs. A. Collins,
Uightou, Mass.
Ayer's Hair Visor
Prevents hair from turning gray.
"My hair was rapidly turning gray and
falling out; one botllo of Ayer's Hair
Vigor has remedied the trouble, and my
hair Is now Its original color and full
nesa." B. Onkrupa, Cleveland, O.
Prepared by Dr. J. C. Ayerfc Co., Lowell, Hue.
Bold by Drugglit and Perfumers.
$1,000 TO THE MAN
That breaks this record. This Is Juno ft, and
I have received since May l'. lit pulli'iiu
tliut were utlllcted with tape worm. I re
moved eight of Hu m anil nave two preparing
for treatment. Now, home of the HiipMu.ed
bright lights of Allegheny, PlttalmrK and
Hutmrlm nay I buy the tape worms, cancer,
etc., that t cmiiiih in my winnow, unm inu
boxiiltals. In answer I simply oner to give
el.OUUto any of theso all-wise U-iiigs If ibcy
will produce u manor set or men mm win
meet unit conimte with me before tho nubile
on cures tit tape worm, cancel- catarrh,
scrofula, or nil the so called Inciitiiblti ail
ments of the human family. J'uither, I will
take my System ltciiovnliii-and go on public
exhibition with any or all such all-wise
people, all patent medicine men anil all
utlvei'llsliig itiacks in the laiul and take llku
cases as they come ami heat them ami prove
lo the public that they do dot know what the
liiimnii hotly Is comisised of. or If theytlo,
they do ma know bow to treat It In sickness.
1 treat through the IiIihmI Willi mil are's
remedies, nails and herbs, system Itcimvu
tor Is u nun secret, honest pieiiaratlon, com
isised of dandelion, Maynpplc. nucha, quassia,
cinchona, cascara.sagrada, gout Inu, sassafras,
iMiueset, kidney wort and snrsaimi lla.
Hysiein lb vator costs fl.oo per Isittlei or
blKiltles for?.'.i, at II. Alex Moke's or
lilt. J. A. lU lttilMlN.
. 47 OlituHt., Allegheny I'lty, la.
Office. Ileitis s A. M. lo U I'. M. Hours for
Consultation H A. M. to:! I'. M. 1-iinilay eillco
hours and for consultation s A, M. to 13 M.
a f 1 J r5 I mnduutuiy .MauufaulurltK
linilRII If Hiihbor Ktnniiia. Mend for
1 1 HI-'-'r;.i:r
I VI I I l9 I I -7 K Ueriima HI rue t,
1 1 1 U 1 1 L I Uiiltimore, M'i , U. o. A.
ED. GOODER,
REYNOLDSVILLE, PENNA.
JJCT'Opposite Stoke's drug store.
1 1
Is a first dnss family journal, nll i h1i1 every
Wednesday at Ueynoldsville, Pa., by C. A. Steph
enson, contain all the local and general news; the
subscription price in but 1.50 a year in advance.
Tlie job department in replete with the latent
design in type, and Letter Heads, Note Heads,
Hill Heads, Statements, Envelopes, Posters, Circu
lars, will be turned out with neatness and dispatch.
fls an Advertising Medium
it outshines them all.
McKcc & Warnick
HEArKM'AKTEItH KOK
Fancy and Staple
GROCERIES,
Oil, Flour Feed.
An elegant line con
sisting of sour, sweet
and mixed pickles.
Onions, chow chow,
olives, cauliflowers
and others too numer
ous to mention.
w
i-4
75
?mh r An endless variety on
hand; always fresh.
Try our fruit and
chocolate cakes.
14
"Washburne's Best"
leads the list; it's a
dandy. Try it. We
have in stock, "Our
Best," "Straight,"
"Imperial," "N. W.
Patent," "Pilgrim"
and others.
We have no oil wagon
on the road but we
deliver you a 5 gal.
best 150 oil for 50
cents. Get our rates
on oil by the barrel.
-3
A FULL STOCK of fwxn iit our
line uUi'uy on haiul. Illghent
market pi-Ire imltl for rountry
produce.
GOODS lttX'ElVEO '
DAILY.
,VO OLD HOODS
J-'Of SALE. :
McKco & Warnick,
The G-rocers,
Cor. 6th uiul Mulu St., , , ,
. . . JteynolilHt'ille, Pmna
ri
I want to close out my sum
mer goods to make room
for fall stock, and
will sell
AT COST!
Outing Cloth, 6J cents,
Sold before for 8 cents.
Outing Cloth, 8 cents,
Sold before for 10 cents.
Outing Cloth 12 cents,
Sold before for 124 cents.
Challie, 10 cents,
Sold before for 12i cents.
Challie, 10 cents,
Sold before for 15 cents.
Sateen, 10 cents,
Sold before for 15 cents.
Indigo Blue prints
6 cents per yard.
Men's Seersucker Coat
and Vest at 65 cents,
Sold before for $1.00.
Men's and Boys'
Outing Shirts
At 19 cents apiece.
Men's suits at 3. 60,
Sold before for $5.00.
All Men's suits reduced
From $2.00 to
$3.00 per suit.
Children's
Suits $i.oo.
Now is your time to save
money. These goods are all
new.
Summer
Coooqs