THE CITIZEN, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1913. CIVIC FEDERATION SEEKSREFORMS Will Redraft Model Workmen's Compensation Measure. SLIDES T TO DELAY OPENING OF CANAL! Date When Big Ditch Will Be Ready Depends Upon Success In Dredging. I Facts and Figures Given In the Annual. Report of Colonel Goethais. TO GET STATES' REPORTS. PAGE SIX THE CITIZEN OFFERS YOU THIS ILLUSTRATED BOOK 1 T FREE Special Commission and 25,000 Em ployers to Give Views on Plan For Industrial Accidents-; Other National Problems to Be Acted Upon. Tlio fourteenth animal meeting of the National Civic federation will bo held in New York city on Thursday anil Friday, Dec. 11 anil 12. The program this year will Include reports from the various departments of the federation, which reports will call for discussion and action on many important proposi tions of national Interest that will ho presented. These departments are: The depart ment on compensation for Industrial accidents and their prevention, the food and drug department, the welfare de partment, the woman's department, the department ou Industrial mediation laws, the department on regulation If municipal utilities, the department on regulation of Industrial corporations and the department on Industrial economics. Report on Compensation Acts. The department ou compensation for industrial accidents and their preveu Hon has a cemuilsslou of six men, who have been making a study of the ac tual results of the working of the vaii ous forms of compensation acts. This commission consists of Cyrus W. Phil Hps, J. Walter Lord, Louis B. Schram, Otto M. Eidlltz, James Duncan and John Mitchell, the two last named hav ing been selected by the American Fed eration of Labor to represent it in this Inquiry. The commission has confined Its work to the states where the compen sation law has been In effect for at least a year. These states include Mas sachusetts, New Jersey, Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin, California, Oregon and Washington. The report of this commission will contain the re sults of a questionnaire sent to 25,000 employers In these states who have either gone under the acts (which nro elective) or have refused to do so. The views of the worklugmen them selves, either through their unions or as individuals, will nlso he included. In the light of the Information secured by this commission the model work men's compensation bill of the Nation al Civic federation will bo redrafted. Laws Governing Food and Drugs. One session at the annual meeting "will bo devoted to the consideration of the food and drug problem. The fed eration has an expert committee which will bo prepared to propose an outline for work that It Is hoped will prove of great assistance to the department of agriculture and the forty-eight state and, dairy commissions which are charged witli the administration of the federal and state laws relating to those subjects. How adequate are the federal and state laws today? What changes, if any, aro proposed? Is the admlnlstra ' tlon of the law effective in protecting the people In these matters? These questions all will bo considered. The department on industrial media tion laws, which was so successful In securing the passage of the Newiands act, providing the arbitration of dis putes between Interstate railroads and their employees, will report on a mod el state mediation bill. The depart ment, on regulation of municipal utili ties will report on Its proposed model bill for the regulation by the stato of street railways, gas, electric light and other municipal utilities. COST OF A MEXICAN WAR. Would Be $350,000,000 For 560,000 Men For Six Months. The republic of Mexico has nn area of 705,537 square miles. This Is as large as all of tho United States east of tho Mississippi river, except New England and New York. It has a pop ulation of approximately 10,000,000. But more than half of these can nei ther read nor write. Only about 3,000, 000 aro -whites, and a large part of tho population Is Bavage. Tlo strategy of Intervention, con tinues Oswald F. Schuetto In Leslie's, would consist largely of hurling against tho City of Mexico two invad ing armies ono from Vera Cruz, on tho east coast, and one from tho Texan border on tho north. The northern army would hold at bay all tho forces of Mexico now in her northern states, whllo tho American forces to bo land ed from tho east could mako speedy work of tho fight to tho capital. Tho war department's plans, with tho estimate of nn army of 500,000 men, contemplates such a show of su perior force that it would sweep every thing beforo it. On this basis tho actual Invasion might bo completed within six months, now much longer tho occupation of Mexican territory would bo necessary completely, to re store peaco belongs o prophecy. An Invasion by 500,000 men, lasting for six months, if Is believed, would npproxlmato a cost of $350,000,000, al most $2,000,000 n day. This Is nn al lowance of a little moro than $100 per month per man, n conservative per apltn cost to put such an army in ac tive servlce.nnd keen It moving. TUAT the opening of tho Panama canal on Jan. 1, 1015, Is not yet an absolute certainty Is stated by Colonel George W. Goethais In the annual report of the Isthmian canal commission, which has Just beeii made public. Additional slides may delay the date. The Impression generally held that the blowing up of Gambon dike and the Hooding of Culebra cut mean that the cannl is practically completed Is erroneous, according to this report. Culebra cut was flooded to allow suc tion dredges to attack tho slides, and tho first day of tho canal's actual oper ation still depends upon how fast the dredges can work to keep the channels open. Tho report outlines the policy to be followed by the canal authorities in dealing with Individuals or corpora tions desiring to sell coal or oil fuels to vessels using tho canal. The gov ernment will allow storage space and handle tho coal, charging for this serv ice. Tho supplies of fuel to bo stored for naval purposes will be used to maintain uniform prices. Comment regarding the form of gov ernment to bo adopted for the zone after the completion of tho cannl, which is said to have caused a break between Colonel George W. Goethais, chairman and , chief enginer of tho commission, and RIchnrd Leo Met calf of the commission, Is absent from the report. Water Versus Slides. Regarding the completion of tho canal the report says: "The passage of commercial vessels is dependent upon the time when proper channels can bo dredged through the slides. Should additional ones occur they will necessarily ad vance the date when this will bo ac complished. "It has been the general belief that the effect of the water In tho cut would tend to retard slides, nnd tho experi ence below tho Gatun locks In the sustaining power of water against slides fully justifies this belief. On tho other hand, the geologist Is of the opinion that the water may, to some extent, develop now slides. "Again, much ado was made In 1000 over the seamy character of rock on the isthmus, through which water flows quite rapidly, In consequence of which tho question was raised that tho lake might leak out through seams and crevices. If these things aro lia ble to occur, tho sooner the better, If the official opening of the canal is to occur Jan. 1. 1915; for If the water were, not admitted this fall, but were deferred until May 1, 1914, tho full height could not be reached until Oc tober, 1914, leaving little time for tho determination of thoRn rmpsHnna. TIipso 'considerations led to the conclusion that the water should be turned Into the cut nt tho earliest date practicable for getting the dredges to work on the slides." Regarding tho earthquakes which frequently have been reported ns a menace to tho canal, the report merely states: "A number of seismic disturbances were registered, but none was so vio lent as to be sensibly felt In the canal zone." No Coal Monopoly Intended. This Is tho policy outlined with re gard to the sale of coal and oil fuel to vessels using tho canal: "It was never Intended that the gov ernment should exercise n monopoly of the coal business on the isthmus, but to utilize the coal stored here for the use of tho navy in maintaining uniform prices of this product to ship ping. In order to encourage Individu als and companies In the business of furnishing coal to vessels which use the canal tho policy has been ndopted of providing storage In connection with both coaling plants for the coal piles of individuals and companies who de sire to participate In the business. '"There will bo a certain rental charge for tho nreasland In addition a real es tato tax of 1 per cent of tho value of the improvements, should any bo made, nnd n merchandise tax of 5 cents for each 2,000 pounds of coal sold. The government will do all tho handling, nnd charges for putting tho coal Into storage nnd taking It out, charges for tho use of coal barges, and other labor in connection with this service will bo fixed nt cost prlco to tho government for such service "Tho same policy was ndopted with reference to oil. It is proposed to equip the wharf In tho vicinity of tho coal ing station nt tho Pacific terminus and docks No. 13 and No. 14 nt Mount Hope, on the Atlantic side, with fuel oil supply nnd delivery mains In dupU cnte, together, with, tho necessary pumps, so that the government will bo nblo to handle satisfactorily all fuel oil, Including oil of Individuals and companies who may wish to partlct pnto In the fuel oil business; on tho Isth mus, on the samo general terms ns tboso npplylng to the conl business." ncnlth conditions in the zone show an Improvement, The toll of life for the year was 483, of which 30 were Americans, 5S whites of other national ities and 389 negroes. Tho review of tho work for nn entire year as set forth in the report shows in a more striking manner than in the current and fragmentary reports pub lished from time to time the enormous difficulties which tho canal builders have to overcome. Speaking of tho work in Culebra cut, where tho heav iest slides have occurred, the report says: "The estimated amount removed be cause of slides was 5,899,200 cubic yards, and of this amount 1,593,000 cu bic yards of material was taken from the upper reaches of the banks to re duce the- quantity to bo taken from the bottom or as n preventive measure against slides nnd breaks In other words, 40.07 per cent removed from tho cut was due to slides ns ngalnst 35.90 per cent during tho previous fiscal year. Big Increase Over Estimate. "The amount remaining to be re moved was again increased at 'the close of the year and aggregates for tho Culebra cut 8,200,000 cubic yards. In other words, there will be an Increase for the central division of 9,2S0,237 cubic yards over the estimate submit ted in tho last annual report. Of this total remaining 1,324,044 cubic yards were Inside tho canal prism lines and 0,800,500 cubic yards estimated for slides, which estimate Includes tho nmount for benching back of the banks t,o as to relieve tho pressure wlllch, crushing the underlying strata, may cither increase tho extent of existing slides or cause new ones. "The total nmount of material due to slides so far removed aggregates 22, 570,200 cubic yards, or an Increase of 2,304,200 cubic yards over that esti mated in the last annual report. Slides and breaks increased as tho cut was deepened. No treatment has proved effective for slides when onco devel oped except that of excavating nnd hauling away material from the mov ing mass until the slide comes to rest or until the angle of repose for the par ticular material In motion is reached. "Tho prediction of the geologist In tho last annual report, with reference to the Cucarncha slide, that 'the end of tho activity of this slide Is now well in sight, however, because all loose surface stone nnd clay has almost slid off, exposing several large dikes and flows of basalt which would maintain in place most of the remaining ma terial,' have not been realized. The bottom grade of the canal had been renched nnd tho widening cuts hod progressed satisfactorily until within approximately sixty feet of tho line of the prism was reached on tho enst side, when on Jan. 20 tho basalt rocks broke and there slid Into tho cut ap proximately 2,000,000 cubic yards of material, extending completely ncross the cut, topping the tracks on the sixty-seven foot level and completely stopping the passage of trains from the north. Bottom grade was subsequent ly reached for sufficient width to put in drainage pipes for handling tho wa ter from tho north, but the rains saturating tho loosened material oc casioned a flattening of the slope, thus causing another movement, and tho weight of tho superimposed mass broke tho pipes. Slide Covered Fifty Acres. "Work was continued on tho slide during the year, but principally for the purpose of maintaining tho tracks on the sixty-seven foot level open for tho passage of trains. This slide at the close of tho fiscal year covered nn nrea of approximately fifty acres. The totnl nmount removed thus far since July, 1005, when It began moving, Is 3,859,500 cubic yards, leaving approxi mately 1,500,000 cubic yards still to be removed." The financial operations of tho canal are told in big figures. Tho disbursing officer has paid out $20,524,705 on pay rolls alone. Congress so far has appro priated $349,505,223 for canal construc tion, of which $10,070,950 went for fortifications. In great detail Colonel Goethais tells tho story of tho engineers work during tho last year, nnd with particular satis faction It is reported thnt tho niechnn Ism of the vnst locks nnd dnms wns tested with perfect success. Tho gntes nt Gntun wero swung in ono minute nnd fifty seconds for ench leaf. Tho heavy iron chains which aro depended upon to prevent an unruly1 vessel from crnshlng Into the locks wero raised and lowered in ample tlmo to meet any emergency and demonstrated their ami ity to check or stop nny vessel, unless of very great slzo and moving nt exces Blvo speed. Tho locomotives which tow the vessels through tho locks wero tried out nnd proved their ability to handle tho largest vessels. Tho elec tric installation, which will Involve tho uso of a current of 44,000 volts pres sure, was completely successful. Altogether tho technical sections of tho report seem to demonstrate tho nc- turacy of Colonel Goethais' statement thnt practically nothing but tho great slide nt Cucarncha remains to prevent Uo successful oDeratlon of tho canal. this great book which contains over 650 finely illustrated pages stantially bound in cloth. Now, then it is up to you. It is your The Citizen Publishing Co Minute "Movies" of the News Right Off the Reel Cincinnati man demanded writ to compel wifo to listen to his plea to end separation. Bayonue (N. J.) recorder fined two sailors by phono so ship could sail with tide and tho pair. Now Brunswick (N. J.) thieves had "nrocresslvo breakfast" Stole milk at ono house, eggs nt another, etc. Passaic (N. J.) lad, asked for original essays on Washington nnd Wilson, started to wnlk to cnpltal for data. Frceport (N. Y.) couple, wedded sixty years, danced as blithely at celebration as at original event, though eighty- three and eighty-two. Maryland family, grown so hefty house would not stand strain, hnd to build new home. Combined weight of seventeen Is ton and n half. WIRELESS CLOCK TICKS OVER THE SEA COMPARED. Washington Observatory Getting Ra dio Signals From Eiffel Tower. Tho naval observatory In Washing ton Is now regularly receiving time sig nals from tho obsorvatoryof Paris by Wireless telegraphy between tho Eiffel tower nnd tho nnvnl radio tower at Arlington, Yn. These exchanges have been going on every day for several weeks. Tho scientific object Is to mensuro by tho velocity of tho propa gagntlon of rndio signals over tho In tervening dls'tnuco the precise differ ence of longltudo between Paris nnd Wnshlngton. Tho complete success of tho work had been moro or less disturbed by In terferences from other radio stations nnd by atmospheric conditions until finally tho beats of tho Paris clock, ns transmitted by wireless, wero com pared with tho Washington clock for several mluutcs. This Is tho season of tho year when tho elcctrlc.nl condi tions of tho atmosphere are most fa vorable to such long dlstanco work, and It is now believed that tho work of tho American and tho French com missions ou longitudinal determina tions may go forward with their task. Tho same signals which nro sent by the, Arlington radio station for the naval observatory are to be used by naval hydrographlc surveying parties In the West Indies nnd Central Amer ica. Tho Washington naval observatory was the first institution to employ ra diotelegraphy for tho transmission o? Its time slgnnis to ships nt sen to per rait them to check their chronometers nnd to determine more accurately their longitude. It also transmitted such signals to surveying parties under the hydrographlc offlco to enable them to determine the longitude of points used as bases for surveys. In such transmissions, however, there was the loss of a fraction of a sec ond between the time of starting a signal on Its journey nnd of receiving It. It was therefore necessary to ac curately measure this loss nnd mnke allowances. This was first accom plished by the French scientists through -what Is known as the method of "coincidences." The.superintendent of the naval observatory then suggest ed that comparisons be carried on be tween Paris and Washington to solve tho problem of measuring losses. Tho French govornment went further than to accede to the request of the naval observatory that American ex perts be permitted to take observa tions in Pnrls. It arranged to send a commission of scientists to co-operato with an American commission In con ducting, the test. This dual commis sion commenced work last April. -Try our Cent-A-Word Column. The Ideal pal and accruedincome. jcocooooooofooaoooexsGoocrao Our GOLD TABLETS if used promptly will make short work of a cold. O. T. CHAMBERS, PHARMACIST, Honesdale, - Pi OCiOQQOOOQOQOQOQOOOQQOOOOOOOOOOOOOQQOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOQi is i -rtrt iff' n uaai Ul. UUUIt 0 UUUKV is just out, spic and span new. In it he tells the complete story of his journey to the top of the Earth. It is a thriller, and The Citizen is going to sell it. A lot of the books are on the way HI H I W V" UK M U M MM hot from the publishers. Al though the book sells for a dol lar, and is as large and fine as i T ii i ii r i .1 . uuuK5 uiai sen ior twice mat sum, The Citizen will present a copy to every new subscriber- who pays $1.50 in advance for a year's subscription. Don't wait for a Citizen representa tive to call on you, but call at the office, or send in your sub scription at once so that you will begin right away to receive the brightest, newsiest and most up-to-date local newspa" per in Wayne county in your home twice a week, and at the same time get a FREE copy of and is handsomely and sub move. BE THE MAN That knows all about your business. UOl Oil IU IUU IWIBIB UUU UUtilUB. UUb. 1 . i . j 1. a 1 i .. 1 : 1 .. r- t acquainted with it and keep on In timate terms with It. Profit by tho example of Franklin K. Lane, Secre tary of the Interior, who says a man must know all of the ins and outs of his business in order to be successful and so ho traveled and Inquired and Investigated and consulted, just to "get acquainted with his job." Then when he knew, he went back to TIT T I . 1 1 I A 1 J 1 . 1 1 1 1 wasningion una wus ou iue juu uu tho time and, knowing his business, he could direct and command, plan and originate, leaving the manual la bor and detail work to his subordi nates. Every successful business must have ono powerful, directing head and that head must bo "on the job" of directing, using brain rather than brawn, taking more time for head work and less for hand work. This applies to every business, no matter how small. Tho small busi ness, with a heady man "on the job," will soon become .larger. Use your head to direct the hands of your em ployes. To do this you must study, Investigate, plan and originate and In this way you will always bo tho man ON THE JOB. Leon M. Hat tenbach In The Pennsylvania Mer chant. IF YOU Want a Cook Want a Clerk Want a Partner Want a Servant Girl Want to Sell a Piano Want to Sell a Carriage AUVISKTISE. Guardian of the estates of your minor chil dren. It has the very best facilities for the profitable and wise invest ment and re investment of the princi - The Scranton Trust Co. 510 Spruco Street.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers