THE CITIZEN, TUESDAY,. JULY 29, 1913.
PAGE THREE
GATUN LAI
:ady for ships
With Last Gato Sfiuf, Should
Be 85 Fest Deep by Dec, 1,
MOVE THE RAILROAD LIE,
Creation of the Lake, Which Should
Be Seventy-one Feet Deep Before
Oct. 1, the Elevation of tho Railroad
at Gorgona, Forces Abandonment of
Tracks Through tho Black Bwamp.
Tho Canal Ilceord, tho official publi
cation of tbo isthmian canal commis
sion, in a lato lssuo contains this ac
. count of tho closing of tho last of the
great Gatun gates, which will bring
Gatun lake to tho operating level:
"Anticipating tlw schedule, tho last
gato of tbo thrco 8 by IS foot sluices
through tho og of the Gatun spill
way dam was closed at 10:40 a. m
on judo zi, witn tuo surtaco or the
labo -J&23 foot above sea level. It Is
not exported to open tho gates again,
and the lake may bo considered to be
on its final riso to operating level. XJn-
der conditions of normal runoff, as de
termined by measurements reconTod
over tho watershed for t'lo ptist tv:i-ty-throo
years, the lake :h u. 1 rem h
eighty-five feet about Dev. 1, jJ13. 11
should riso to seventy-one fort, the ele
vation of the railroad at Gorgona
about Oct 1. At that height It would
afford a twenty-one foot channel. The
top of tho dl'.:o at Gamboa, proteetin:
Culobra cut from flooding through Its
north end, is 78.2 feet above sea level,
but it is anticipated that the water
will be let into tho cut before tho lake
has reached that elevation, which it
may do about Nov. 1.
Dredging Gamboa Channel.
"Tho channel between Gatun and
Gamboa has been completed since
July, 1012, with the exception of about
800,000 cubic yards of gravel, washed
into it by the Chagrcs river, which is
to be removed by dredges. From Ga
tun to Bohio no excavation was requir
ed, except a small quantity at Pena
Blanca. Tho surface of the ground
was less than forty feet above sea
level, and tlw full lake will afford
depth enough for tho ships. Tho chan
nel needed only to bo cleared of vege
tation and markod with lights and
buoys. From Pena Blanca to Tabemil
la tho excavation was mostly in cut
ting off tho tops of peninsulas formed
by tho tortuous course of tho Chagres.
"Tho heavy work was from San Pa
blo to Gamboa. Total excavations in
tho Chagrcs district to date have
amounted to I2.as-l.rem rnlilo v.nnls.
Including what remains to bo done,
tho total excavation for tho channel
through Gatun lake is less than tho
excavation accomplished In Culcbra
cut every year since 1007.
Birth of Gatun Lake.
"Gatun lako caino into existence on
April 25, 1010, when tho west diversion
at Gatun dam was closed and tho flow
from tho Chagres and Trinidad rivers
was forced through tho spillway chan
nel. Tho head of tho spillway was ten
feet abovo sea level, which caused tho
water to rise to a normal surface of
fourteen feet abovo tho sea. In times
of flood tho surface rose to about
eighteen feet, inundating parts of tho
Panama railroad through tho Black
swamp.
"On Feb. 15, 1012, tho relocated line
of tho railroad, between Gatun nnd
juuwuu, wus piuceu in use imu mi
ni inn mil wiik iii'inm. jiniir run
same time tho slulco gates wero closed '
inu mo aito was auowou to rise, it
Utalned a maximum elevation of 50.3
ir. mi inv. rtii. iiii. jt. this npiimr
ho water poured over a gap at fifty
eei uuovo buu level, in uio uncom
)leted ogee, and, in order to allow tho
ompletlon of tho dam during the dry
nncAn diitfi rrnfa tni nnnnn1 tn
'aco of tho lako was 48.3 feet abovo
ea level, around which It has been
aintained since, though tho complo
lon of tho ogco to its elevation of
xtv-nine tent was aecomniisne:! in
HE GIRL WITH A PINK AURA.
nu ner. oavn un DecKwun. uui
Avoid the Yellowish Green.
Picking "the right girl" is tho easiest
latter In tho world If you hunt around
ntil you find ouo who radiates a pink
ura. It's a ten to ono bet that that
Irl will fall on your neck and say
Yes," for tho pink rays show she is
all of affection.
Dr. Edwin B. Beckwith gave this
dvico gratia to a crowd of lovelorn
nes who gathered to hear him lecturo
,'cently In Chicago. A yellowish groen
ura surrounds tho girl you must
void, volunteered tho doctor. She
as n spiteful temper. Spotting tho
ura is a difficult thing, admitted Dr.
ocKwitn. uno uas to do real sensl
ve. Milk $5 a Gallon In Mexico.
Tho high cost of living at Gunymns,
mora, duo to tho present campaign
k)vo mo uaiuornia gun port, la
ireatening n famlno among Its 10,000
nauuants, nccoramg to aaviccs rrom
ogulcs, Ariz. Milk sells for ?5 n gnl
n, firewood at 20 cents a stick. Hall
ay communication north and south
the town is cut. and fow boats aro
Foster's W eather Bulletin
Ccpyrtghted 1S13 By W.T.FOSTER
WASHINGTON, D. C, July 2C
Last bulletin gavo forecasts of dis
turbance to cross continent July 29
to August 2, warm wave July 28 to
August 1, cool wavo July 31 to Aug.
4. Cool weather will prevail during
tho week; rains will fall in many
places and the storm forces will bo
more than usually intense. But tho
public Is getting accustomed to great
storms and tho nowspapors do not
give them much space. The killing
of people and tho destruction of mil
lions of dollars in property by the
weather forces does not occupy as
much space in our newspapers as the
same amount of destruction in Mex
ico by the forces of war. Great and
destructive storms have occurred as
predicted and we only regret that
we can not make such forecasts moro
in detail.
iNext disturbance will reach Pa
cific coast about August 2, cross Pa
cific slope by close of 3, great cen
tral valleys 4 to G, eastern section 7.
Warm wave will cross Pacific slope
about August 2, great central val
leys 4, eastern sections G. Cool
wave will cross Pacific slope about
August 5, great central valleys 7,
eastern sections a.
August storms will not he so se
vere as those of July but this storm
will be of greater, than usual force,
particularly August 3, 4 and 5, about J
ana before tho storm wave reaches
meridian 90. Rainfall will be gen
erally short, particularly in tho
southern states. Our predictions of
July rains proved good and greatly
benefitted corn and spring wheat.
We expect a dry August to damage
corn and cotton. Indications are
that most of the August precipitation
in great central .valleys will occur
during the weeks centering on Aug.
1 and 13 and in eastern sections dur
ing the weeks centering on August
1 and 19. Very warm weather is
expected during the weeks centering
on August 8 and 25.
Farmers and planters should not
sell the new crops of grain and cot
ton till later. We hold that prices
will go higher. Many combinations
have operated against good prices
and those who have interests in the
new crops should not part with them
while tho crops are growing.
These financial flurries have kept
prices of grain and cotton down but
those influences have spent their
force, have failed to cause a nanic
Our country is on a solid basis, its
future success assured. The effects
of these financial flurries will soon
pass and a very large demand for all
products of the soil and of manu
factories will prevail through 1914.
JUDGE RYAN HOLDS SUNDAY
BASEBALL UNLAWFUL
Justicc Tonilinson's Judgment
Af-
firmed by Court.
Question came before his honor on
the appeal of William Rapp, who was
fined four dollars and costs for play
ing Sunday base ball in Persimmon
Park, Bristol township, Bucks coun
ty, Pa.
Judge William C. Ryan, on July
8th, 1913, handed down an onlnlon
in the Bristol Sunday base ball case,
alarming tho judgment of Justico
Frederick C. Tomllson, of Langhorne,
in lining tho base ball player who
was arrested.
Tho question involved in the con
troversy was the lawfulness of play
ing base ball on Sunday. Judge
Ryan's opinion holds that the play
ing of the game on Sunday is a vio
lation of the Act of 1794, known as
the Sunday law.
Section 1 of the Act of 1794 reads:
" That from and after the first day of
August next, if any person shall do
or perform any worldly employment
or business whatsoever on the Lord's
Day, commonly called Sunday, works
of necessity and charity only except
ed, or shall use or practice any un
lawful game, hunting, shooting, sport
or diversion whatsoever, on the same
day, and be convicted thereof, every
such person so offending, shall for
every offenso forfeit and pay four
dollars, to bo levied by distress," etc.
Tho Court said:
The question of the Justice's Jur
isdiction here raised involves tho con
struction of tho words, "or shall use
It
TOBACCO M
MANUFACTURED BY
THE CLARK KSNQVER CO. J
SCRANTON, PENNA.
or practice any unlawful game, hunt-
ing, shooting, sport or diversion
whatsoever on the same day." Do
they constitute a prohibition of tho
playing of the game of base ball on
Sunday? It is contended by the
learned counsel for the exceptant
mat the word "unlawful ' qualifies
the words "hunting, shooting, sport
or diversion, as well as game,
and that only such game, hunting,
shooting, sport or diversion, as is
unlawful at any timo is within tho
meaning of the statute.
Such a construction would render
tho statute superfluous. Why pro
hibit by this act the practice upon
Sunday of those things already pro
hibited altogether by some other
statute? The word "unlawful" may
not be well chosen and applied In this
connection, but we cannot accept the
construction contended for, as it
would narrow the operation of tho
law within what the legislature evi
dently intended. It is tho apparent
purpose of this act to preserve the
sanctity of the Sabbath. It embod
ies tho idea of Sabbath observance
that' prevailed at the time of its en
actment. The interpretation of the
spirit and purpose of the Act of 1794
is declared in Johnston vs. The Com
monwealth, 22 Pa., 102, by Wood
ward J. in the following explicit lan
guage: "Our fathers, who planted in
our fundamental law the assertion
of those immortal truths, that all
men have a natural and indefeasible
right to worship Almighty God ac
cording to the dictates of their own
consciences, that no man can be com
pelled to attend, erect, or support any
piace or public worship; and that no
human authority can 'in any case
wnatever control or interfere with
the rights of conscience; enacted,
also, the statutes of 1705, 1786 and
1794, for the suppression of worldly
employments on Sunday. So far
from conflicting with those inval
uable rights of conscience, they re-
garded such statutes as InrHsupnisi-
bio to secure them. It would be a i
small boon to the people of Pennsyl
vania to aeciare tneir indefeasible
right to worship God according to
the dictates of their consciences,
amid the din and confusion of secu
lar employments, and with desecra
tions on every hand of what they
conscientiously believe to he hallow
ed time. These statutes were not
designed to compel men to go to
church, or to worship God in any
manner inconsistent with personal
preferences; but to compel a cessa
tion or tnoso emnlovments whinh nm
calculated to interfere with tho rights
of those who choose to assemble for
public worship. The day was set
apart for a purpose, and the penal
exactments guard it, hut they leave
every man free to use it for that pur
pose or not. If he wishes to use it
for the purpose designed, the law
protects him from tho annoyance of
others if he does not, it restrains
him from annoying those who do so
use it.
"Thus tho law, without oppressing
anybody, becomes auxiliary to the
rights of conscience. And there are
other rights, intimately associated
with tho rights of conscience, which
are worth preserving. Tho right to
rear a family with a becoming re
gard to the institutions of Chistion
Ity, and without compelling them to
witness hourly infractions of ono of
its fundamental laws tho right to
enjoy the peace and good order of
society and the increased securities
of life and property which result
from a decent observance of Sunday
tho right of the poor to rest from
labor, without diminution of wages,
or loss of employment the right of
beasts of burden to repose one-seventh
of their time from their unre
quited toil these are real and sub
stantial interests, which the Legisla
ture sought to secure by this enact
ment; and when has legislation aim
ed at higher objects? If we doubt
ed the policy of the statute, It would
nevertheless be our sworn duty to
administer it faithfully; but with a
profound conviction of its wisdom
and value, wo aro resolutely opposed
to a course of judicial construction,
that would cheapen its demand and
impair its power for good."
This view of the law is confirmed
and emphasized by Chief Justice, in
Commonwealth vs. Nesblt, 34 Penna.,
403.
As long as this law remains upon
the statute book unchanged, it will
be tho duty of tho courts to enforce
, The
Made
Try a
It In tho light of the Supreme Court's
Interpretation of its spirit and pur
pose. "Whilst this Act of As
sembly remains unaltered by the '
T.nrrlqlntliro It la lint tn lin frltfornrl !
away by judicial legislation. John
son vs. Commonwealth supra. The
povcr to alter, amend or repeal It,
rests with the Legislature alone.
We conclude that in this case the
exceptant was charged with a viola
tion of the Act of April 22, 1794,
'.lit,.. II HO DUfllUIUCU LUtS
evidence set forth in the record that,
tho Justice had jurisdiction in the)
premises and that the record dis
closes no reversible error.
And now, to wit: July 8, 1913, all
the exceptions to""this record are dis'
mlssed and the Judgment of the Jus
tice is affirmed.
By the Court:
WILLIAM C. RYAN,
President Judge.
PASSING OP THE
TRAMP. PRINTER.
Linotypes removed a picturesque
feature of printing office life the
tramp printer. Not to have known !
him is to have missed something of j
American newspaper life, something
that has gone forever, leaving only
tho memory of a peculiar, highly in
dividualized type, and a wealth of
tradition that seems almost legend
ary to tho printer's devils and cub
reporters of to-day.
The tramp printer was a skilled
craftsman, impelled by the wander
lust to roam throughout the length
and breadth of the land. Restless,
curious, unattached, and possessing
more than average skill in his art,
he could gratify his longing for con
stant change of scene with the toler
able assurance of finding work at his
trade in any place of considerable
size. Sometimes to be sure, he was
disappointed in this, but he was re
sourceful, adventurous, and. above
all, a wanderer on the face of the
earth, so It frequently happened that
he found occupation that carried him
to the high seas and many lands.
Working as substitutes on tho case
only a few days in a place, as a
rule, earning to pay their board and
gratify their thirst for something
heslfles trn.VPl. tlipn GmlrlpTllv frnlnn-
nwnv hv train nr hv "trio tloa" n '
cording to their means, they drifted
about constantly and everywhere.
They came into tho Union office
in the old days like the wandering
minstrels of the medieval courts,
bringing strange tales of many
places and of the manners and cus
toms of many people. They came
fresh from whaling voyages in Hud
son's Bay, from the lumber camps of
the northwest, from fighting Indi
ans on the great plains. Often in
tattered clothes, always of loose
habits, yet generous, entertaining
racounteurs, and withal good work
men, there was always a place for
them in the shop, and they worked
through the night, shook em quads
on tho composing stone in tho
morning, to see who should pay
when tho "places" opened, and in a
few days walked cheerfully out of
town, to return again in a year or
twp with new talcs of adventure.
Manchester (N. H.) Union.
A -MOSQUITO EATER.
The accidental importation of a
largo grasshopper from China in a
consignment of plants gave the en
tomologist of the jtfount Airy Nur
sery in Philadelphia a chance to ex
periment with an Insect that is death
to mosquitoes and is otherwise
harmless.
This hopper is known as the Pray
ing Mantis, on account of the vay
it folds its front legs, and the way
those legs gather in mosquitoes is a
caution.
These hoppers grow to five or six
inches in length and they requlro
several hundred mosquitoes for each
meal. They reproduce in a remark
able manner. Each nest produces
300 hoppers in a season and tho en
tomologists have 200 nests at work.
Theso grasshoppers are held to bo
moro or less sacred in China, where
it is believed to bo unlucky to kill
ono, though the people put them in
howls and bet on tho result of tho
battle that ensues.
If tho hoppers spread as other
imported Insects have dono we
should soon bo rid of our mosquitoes.
Tho Citizen has the news.
"HERE'S A BRAND NEW BRAND"
Stripped.
Mildest Stripped
Expressly for Thotfe Who Like an Extra Mild Smoke or Chew.-
UNION SCOUT has that; rich pleasant flavor which can only
be produced by using the highest grades of leaf tobacco.
5c Package You Are Sure to Like It
Clark & Snover Company
Variety,
and
'HEN a man
w
V T
$12, 15, $18 and $20 for his
Summer Suit, he finds
a maximum of the
things worth while in
our Schloss-Baltimore
Clothes.
You'll find tlmt our suits nt theso
popular prices nro tailored with tho
snmo extremo caro ns high priced
models and that tho patterns nro
very carefully selected, and to n
great extent exclusive.
Shepherd plaids, English
Checks, Pin Checks, Club
Checks, Chalk and other
Novelty Stripes. Plain
and Fancy Blue-Serges.
Every popular model in
English, Semi - English,
Conservative and Norfolk
Styles.
You'ro sure to find what you're
looking for in our immense display
of Summer goods.
Bregsfein Bros
Main 52.
muim m (Pn in m mm i
No Water to freeze. No pipes
No weather too cold.
No weather too hot.
Less Gasoline.
"Hew Way" Air-Cooled Gasoline
Have you seen our Reo delivery truck?
It's a dandy. Better look it over.
REO OVERLAND and FORD AUTOMOBILES.
No better cars mndo for nnywhero near tho price. Place your
order right now.
Better times coming; help it along.
For sale at bargain prices: Auto Cnr Runabout, Liberty Brush
Runabout and Maxwell Runabout.
Get in tho swim nnd own n car.
acco
Tobacco on the Market
Quality
Style
wants to pay $10,
Monesdale, Pa.
w mh i i im i
to burst.
More Power.
ii
ii
Qdlng In tho bay.
I