PAGE SIX
THE CITIZEN,lESDAM5p2o79T3.
as
THE FARMER AND
TARIFFON GRAIN
Raw Material Taxed! Manufac
tured Articles 'Free! How
Does That Affect the
American Farmer?
GET YOUR PENCIL, MR, FARMER
Are the Farmers of the United States
Expected to Advocate That Canada,
Argentine and Australia Ship
Their Flour and Meal In Free?
Bran, Shorts, Middlings and
, All Other Mill Feed to Be
Fed to Foreign Live Stock
Instead of Enriching
, American Farms.
BEEF AND WOOL ALSO FREE?
How Are We to Build Up American
Agriculture? Shall We Still Fur
ther Reduce the Hard Earned Prof
Its? Would It Be Another Crushing
Discouragement on Top of All Our
Other Farming Problems?
(National Crop Improvement Service.)
The relation of one interest to an
other is so complex that it seems
difficult to avoid disturbing the rights
of the American Farmer while seek
ing to correct abuses in other direc
tions. Every farmer should consider how
the tariff revision will affect him. No--
body knowingly would add to his bur
'den, but would not the proposed duty
on grain while removing the duty on
flour, feed and meal work the great
hardship upon just the class it is in
tended to benifit?
If Canadian wheat and oats are
kept out and Canadian flour is ad
mitted free, will it not reduce the
price of American grain to the Cana
dian level?
Think this over carefully. When
you see it clearly, write to the
United States senator from your state
and ask him for a square deal.
Every Farmer Should Do This.
Ask him if flour or oatmeal is to
come in free should not grain come
in free? Or if grain is to be taxed
.should not flour and oatmeal also
have an equalizing tax?. Protest
against any form of tariff revision
that will reduce the farmer's income,
which may be avoided without in
justice to labor and capital in other
industries, and the consumer as well.
A letter from a farmer will get prop
er attention, and
. Every One Counts.
It is hard, as it is, to make a profit
on live stock and dairy products with
out paying a premium to our Cana
dian neighbors. It is certainly true
that not half the farms in the United
States are now raising as much live
stock as they should.
What effect would leveling the price
of your product to that grown on $10
land have on the price of your land?
This question should be immediate
ly discussed jn the Farm Bureau
Farmers' clubs, Breeders associations.
,the Grange Society of Equity, Farm
ers' Elevator companies and a strong
letter sent by the secretaries to the
United States senators.
There may be a grave injustice by
congress, perhaps unwittingly, to be
imposed upon the whole farming com
munity. Grover Cleveland said that
the tariff is a "local issue." Look out
that your own prosperity is not at
stake.
RECREATION CONGRESS.
(National Crop Improvement Sorvlco)
Some of the subjects discussed by
the Playground and Recreation Asso
ciation of America at Richmond in
May are:
Leisure Time for Working People.
Right of Every Girl to be Courted
Under Decent Conditions.
Play Schools.
Best Forms of Play for Adults.
Recreation as a Means of Holding
the I-amily Together.
Boys' and Girls' Clubs.
Children's Gardens.
Municipal Summer Camps.
Rural Recreation.
Recreation for Women in Rural
Districts.
The whole movement is based upon
the assumption that efficient work
cannot be done without a correspond"
ing amount of play.
TESTING BARLEY.
All Small Grains Should Be Germi
nated After Fanning Out Weed
Seeds, Dirt and Chaffy
Kernels.
No grain should give a germination
of less than, ninety-five per cent for
the best results. The higher the per
centage of germination the better.
That all the grain germinates is not
sufficient, however. The germination
should be strong and vigorous, result
ing in a strong, rapidly growing
young plant. As the success or fail
tire of the crop depends upon it this
Is an important point. Be sure, your
Beeds are thoroughly cleaned and
graded. Best work you can do.
?-:-I-M-I-M-
WHICH KIND ARE YOU?
In tho opinion of a current T
writer; there are three varieties
of farmers tho new fanner, who X
Is the progressive business agri
culturist; tho old farmer, once I
up with his times, the pioneer
with a wholesome love of worlr, ..
but little ability as an admlnls-
trator, and the mossback or the ..
old farmer who has gone to seed, ; ;
who does not love ;vork and Is
hopelessly lost in modern com
petition, lie is a drag upon tho
progress of agriculture and an
obstruction In tho wheels of tho
country community organization.
Tho now fanner will take care 4
of himself, and the old farmer
and the mossback are rapidly
disappearing, but the extension ..
idea is the Idea of taking to thorn
the Inspiration and help that the '. '.
new farmers can give. Country
Gentleman.
M"I"M"1"1"M 1 I II 111 1 11 1 1 M-I-l-
TOOLS FOR THE FARMER.
Sava Money, Time and Temper by
Having the Propor Equipment.
Every farmer should koop good tools,
bo that during bad weather, when work
cannot be done In the fields, repairs
may bo made. This work can be done
in tho shop. A small shop may be
built cheaply.
Thcro are many repairs that will be
needed during the year. Buildings will
need repairs, implements need fixing,
fence materials nro to bo cut and put
up, new devices,' handy, contrivances,
etc, made. A man handy with tools
can save much oxpenso during the year,
and the tools will give him employ
ment when perhaps his tlmo would not
be profitable otherwise. Boys usually
find pleasure in using carpenters' tools.
H. B. "White of tho agricultural en
gineering department of the Unlvorslty
of Minnesota gives the following list
of tools that tho average farmer should
have: Square, rule, ripsaw, mallet,
hammer, oilstone, handsaw, wood rasp,
jack plane, drawknife, ratchet brace,
screwdriver, expansive brace, mark
ing gauge, chisels half, ono and one
and a half Inch; bits one-quarter,
three-olghths, one-half, five-eighths and
three-quarter inch.
The best plan is to buy good tools.
Cheap tools will seldom give satisfac
tion. Then the tools should be kept in
a tool box in tho shop or some place
where they can bo protected. When
ever you have finished with ono always
put it back in its place.
Tools to bo truly serviceable must
bo kept sharp. No progressive person
can afford to waste time using dull
tools. They should also bo polished aud
kept bright Farm and Ranch.
GETS THEM BY THE LEGS.
This Hog Catcher Is the Work of an
Old Time Practical Blacksmith.
I am an old time blacksmith and
lmvo made a good many hog catchers
like that in tho picture, says a cor
respondent of Farm and Fireside, from
which paper cut and description are
reproduced.
It is a common pair of pincers, only
tho Jaws are rounded in place of flat
Make them about eight inches long
A
GOOD HOd CATCHER.
from rivet to eye In end of haudle.
One handle has a socket as illustrated.
Fasten a half inch rope In tho eye
by making n knot In end; then pass
the other end through tho second eye.
This rope shonld be as long as the pole,
which Is from twelve to sixteen feet.
Put it in tho socket loosely.
When catching tho hog, throw a lit
tle corn down or In tho trough, open
the catcher wide, reach with the polo
to ono of his hind legs and pull the
rope. Pull tho. handle or polo out of
the socket and draw tho hog toward
you.
Have You a Colt?
It tho colt is bred right and handled
right ho does not need to bo broken.
Ho breaks himself. If the owner is on
proper terms with his mares nnd be
gins hnndllng tho colts when they are
qulto young and If they are bred ot
draft type tho matter of breaking them
Is not a question of breaking at all,
but ono of education. A colt can be
educated Just tho same as a boy. It
can bo done by tho uso of tho brains
or a hickory stick. If brains aro used
a good colt will develop into a good
horse, Just as a good boy will develop
into a good mnn. If the club is used
good cannot bo expected from either.
Kansas Farmer.
Keeping Calves Well Bedded;
Tho stomach of tho llttlo calf is very
sensitivo and easily rulnod. Nothing
will do It sooner than keeping tho ani
mal confined in a wet, dirty pen. Clean
tho calf often and bed it with a liberal
supply of dry straw oftenor. It is no
llttlo labor to keep a stall where sev
eral calves run clean nnd dry, but
thero is no other way if you want to
miso good calves. Farm Progress.
Give the Little Pigs a Chance.
A trough for tho pigs arranged with
r shaped partitions set Btrongly In the
trough would givo the llttlo follows an
equal show with tho big onea and tho
weaker ones could get their sharo pf
food. A handy man can mako such a
trough arrangement in an hour or so.
.Farm Progress.
HOW TO START A
mSMREFORM
The Danger That Springs From
Ignorant Living.
ITS PREVENTION AND GDRE.
Work Must Proceed Along Three Lines
First, Construction of New Houses;
Second, Demolition of Old Houses;
Third, Proper Maintenance.
Bad housing conslsta In houses that
are poorly lighted, unventllatod, damp,
Imperfectly drained, exposed to undue
fire peril, in bad repair, vermin Infest
ed, disease Infected, with uncleanly
surroundings, with Insufficient water
supply, without toilet accommodations
adequate for comfort, cleanliness and
privacy; with defective plumbing,
with ovorcrowdod rooms and with cel
lar tenements.
Such houses aro "dangerous to moral
and physlcnl health, social and per
sonal," and increase Industrial ineffi
ciency, inebriety, dependence, poverty,
disease, death, Juvenile delinquency,
debased citizenship, vice and crime,
degeneracy of race.
Tho prevention nnd euro of bad hous
ing conditions must proceed along three
lines:
First Every new dwelling and tene
ment must be constructed so as to
afford suitable living accommodations.
Second. Every old house not now fit
for habitation must either bo demolish
ed or Improved so as to be fit
Third. All habitations, now and old,
must bo maintained in good repair and
sanitary condition.
Standards for now houses depend
upon tho application of physlcnl laws
and hygienic principles. Standards for
window design and courts upon which
windows open depend upon tho physi
cal laws which govern tho transmis
sion and nbsorption of light and our
observation of tho actual illumination
produced.
Tho time has come when provisions
now in effect with respect to tenements
should be applied also to habltablo
rooms in other classos of buildings.
Tho health officer should bo ablo to
demonstrate tho advantages which re
sult from standnrds of this nature. Ho
may bo sure that no effort in housing
ndvance Is so sure of lasting reward
as tho successful expression of worthy
standards In new habitations.
Slovenly shacks, ramshackle shan
ties, tumbledown sheds and tottering
EXCELLENT HOUSTNO CONDITIONS IN MAS
SACHUSETTS TOWN.
stables, dwellings in disreputable disre
pair, "shame stained and bearing tho
nauseous odors of decay," deface our
cities to nn unnecessary extent Tho
health authorities who realizo tho
nuisances that must result from tho ex
istence of such structures may and
must tako tho Initiative In community
movement for their destruction.
The improvement of a house unfit for
habitation mainly consists in struc
tural changes in tho building and its
plumbing and drainage equipment.
Such changes will often bo resisted by
tho owner. To enforce laws against
such opposition tho converging efforts
of building, legal and health authorities
aro required.
Tho co-operation of health officials is
required In tho keeping of both old and
now houses fit for habitation. Their
fuuetion is tho practice of practical
sanitation nnd instruction to tenant,
owner and agent. This means tactful,
tireless enforcement of laws which
prohibit overcrowding, unclenn accu
mulations, tho presence of horses, pigs
nnd goats, tho occupation of unfit cel
lars and attics as well as tho affirma
tive requirements that tho houeo nnd
appurtenances, especially plumbing and
drainage, shall bo. kept clean and in
good repair. Tho means for accom
plishing theso results consist In an ndo
quato inspection service acting upon its
own initiative ns well as upon com
plaints, a sufficient office force nnd an
Individual record for each house.
Theso tools of administration must
bo supported by prompt court action
uphold In turn by sympathetic public
opinion. Charles B. Ball In American
City.
Present a Good Front.
In addition to making and keeping
tmo's premises ornato and tidy every
roporty owner should boo that his
fitrcot front presents tho best posslblo
nppearanco. A neat fbneo or border
plantation, uniform, woll planted and
cared for street troes of tho right sort
and a green carpeted parkway mako a
street frontage look docldedly "classy."
If, as has often been said, tho appear
ance of a place is an lndox to the char
acter of the Inmates it pays to present
a good external appearance.
MOTORCAR FOR DIVERS.
Submarine Sledge Designed For Use
In Deep Sea Work.
A diving motorcar or submarine
sledge for tho use of divers while at
work In the depths of the ocean Is
among the latest devices being used In
the diver's art. The apparatus, which
Is a specially designed form of motor
car on runners instead of wheels, has
no powor of Its own, being drawn
through the water and nlong the bot
tom of the sea by a power boat on the
surface to which It Is connected by
wlro cables nnd with whose driver the
diver is In communication by telephone.
At the back of the diver's sent there
is fastened n sheet or hood of mctul for
DIVINQ BLEDOB IN OPERATION.
protecting him against tho swift cur
rents that are formed when tho ve
hicle Is being drawn rapidly through
tho water. The diving car can be
steered upward and downward as well
as In curves by moans of n steering
mechanism operated by compressed air
supplied from steel tanks attached to
each side of the vehicle.
The diver while operating tho vehi
cle wears a regular diving suit, the
special feature of which Is a tank or
cartridge that for a period of three
hours supplies the diver with fresh
air. Tho submarine sledge is capable
of being operntod at a depth of about
130 feet when tho sun Is shining nnd
uses a searchlight fed from tho sur
face boat when artificial light Is re
quired. It weighs 500 pounds fully
equipjXHl.
The most striking posslblo applica
tion of the sledge Is In the work of
recovering sunken wrecks or human
bodies, the exnet location of which can
only bo determined by a thorough
search of n lnrge area of river or sea
bottom. By towing tho diver back and
forth over tho bottom tho search can
be carried on with accuracy and In
only n small part of tho time that ordi
narily would bo required.
Tho sledge has already been used
successfully at an average depth of
seventy feet In the inspection of a long
intake pipe running out into salt water.
Popular Mechanics.
To Tin Sheet Copper.
To tin sheet copper on one side, says
the Engineer, metal Is taken of the cor
rect gauge or within ono number of
that size and then cleansed with the
usual pickles and by scouring with
sand or swarf nnd sand. The sheets
are then coated with a killed spirit
flux. They are next placed upon a
holder laid at nn angle of forty-five de
grees to the tinning pot so that tho
excess of tin will return by grnvlty
Tho molten tin is poured over the cop
per sheet und any excess wiped off
with mops made of plumber's tow
Tho oxide formed on tho reverse side
of tho sheet from the beat of the mol
ten tin is removed by dilute sulphuric
acid pickles. The sheets aro washed
and dried and then If necessary rolled
again to gauge and polished. For
cleansing tlnndd articles thero Is noth
lng bettor than whiting mixed with a
llttlo kerosene oil, the surface being
polished afterward with a little of the
dry whiting or Vienna lime.
Preserving Dry Batteries.
Tho life of dry batteries, which are
to be used In wet or damp places, may
be considerably lengthened by being
treated In tho following manner:
Tho batteries aro placed In glass Jars
a little wider and higher than them
selves. A layer of dry sawdust is
placed In tho bottom for the battery
to rest on, and the sides are packed
with sawdust to within half anlnch
of tho top. Waterproof wires, aro con
nected to tho binding posts and melted
paraffin poured over the battery to the
top of the Jar. Tho carbon aud zinc
terminals Bhould be marked to avoid
trouble when connecting several cells
together. Batteries treated in this
manner nro waterproof and can be
submerged In water If necessary
Shows Direction of Sound.
A machine has been recently granted
a patent by tho United States patent
office covering a method of determin
ing tho direction of a sound wave or
of locating a source of sound, and In
doing this tho waves emanating from
such sourco are divided, and the dlvld'
cd parts are compared by bringing first
ono part and then another through a
common conductor. Ho employs an
apparatus, including two diametrically
opposite receivers, tho direction of the
pourco of tho sound waves being de
termined by stopping ono of the said
receivers, thus indicating Into which
of tho receivers the particular sound
wave was received.
Filing Soft Metal:.
It Is well known "to mechanics that
rhen lead, tin, soft solder and alumlnl
,m are filed the flic is soon filled with
tictal and will not cut. It cannot be
Cleaned, like the wood rasp, by dipping
It into hot water or pouring boiling
water over It, but If tho file and the
work are kept wet with water there
Will be so troublo vhatevcr. Both file
and wotk must be kept thoroughly wet
at all times.
JOSEPH N. WELCH
Fire
The OLDEST Fire Insurance
Agency in Wayne County.
Office: Second floor Masonic Build
ing, over C. C. Jadwln'a drug store,
Honesdale.
J. E. HALEY
AUCTIONEER
ITnvo mo and sjivo money. Wl
attend sales nnywhoro in State.
Address WAYMART, PA.(R. D. 3
NIAGARA PAULS.
THE TOWER HOTEL is located
directly opposite tho Falls. Rates
are reasonable. 19eoily
ottonTnarketsj
yTiii&S T? Ue cf Grain onir CotfWtiricm
betas' epproilnatsly; estlaatealyn tfca tail of j
futare .' cropveathar- eonaltlon.T"" TM it a, ne
frocofS for eittaatlng futui raloss.' Ior.-li.
fQSt&tlm regarding tali rrlc tilrttt.
vr0SXZH'S TUIlttR SURUtI,.TuUnfton(.o;
TtttvtvtffftTTTTTTVTVTtvH
SPENCER j
The Jeweler
would like to see you If
you are In the market
for
I JEWELRY, SILVER-4-
t WARE, WATCHES,
CLOCKS,
DIAMONDS,
AND NOVELTIES
'Guaranteed Articles only sold
1
'MM
ASK ANY HORSE f
Eureka
Bfl
Harness
fuse
wan vmm sum
f Sold by dealer aw-orytufiorti
The Atlantic Refining Company
-. hi i mini ni - i nmr . ninritnT
ftniln-tind.C
We SeBB Surety Bonds.
BENTLEY BROS.
Fire, Life, Accident, Automobile, Liability and Boiler
INSURANCE
BENTLEY BROS.
LIBERTT HAM BLDG., HONESDAIiE.
Consolidated Phono 1-O-Tj.
ATTRAC
newSy papered
cated on Sevenths
Court Streets.
Property on 7th St,
Property on 7th St.
lot 30x82
lot 30x82 feet,
GOmer PrOperty, Seventh and Court
SlXtll Street, Six-Room House,
Inquire of
Buy-U-A-Home Realty Co.
Honesdale, Pa.
PltOFEHSfd'N'AlD'oARDS.
Attorncys-ot-Lnw.
ME. SIMONS,
. ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR-AT-LAW
Office in the Court House, HoneBdale
Pa.
SEARLE & SALMON,
ATTORNEYS A COUNSEI.ORS-AT-LAW.
Offices latelv occupied by Judge Searle
CHESTER A. GARRATT,
ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR-AT-LAW ,
Offlce-Dlmmlck Building, Honesdale, Pa.
WM. H. LEE,
ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR-AT-LAW,
Office. Foster Huildlne. All leeal business
promptly attended to. Honesdale. Pa.
MUMFORD & MUMFORD,
ATTORNEYS A COUNSELORS-AT-LAW,
Office Liberty Hall building. Honesdale
HOMER GREENE,
ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR-AT-L AW.
Office: Relf Building, Honesdale.
riHARLES A. McOARTY,
j ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR- AT-LAW.
Special and prompt attention clven to the
collection ol claims.
Office: Relf Building, Honesdale.
Physicians.
PB. PETERSON, M. D.
. 1126 MAIN STREET, HONESDALE, PA.
Eye and Ear a specialty. The flttinc of class
es clven careful attention.
IVERY
F. G. RICKARD Prop
WRST-CLASS WAGONS,
RELIABLE HORSES.
Especial Attention Given to
Transit Business.
I STONE BARN CHURCH.STBEET,
t?rtfi?ni!iiratniitttiiTitrtii!iimi!ii!tttHri
MARTIN CAUFIELD
Designer and Man
ufacturer of
ARTISTIC
MEMORIALS
Office and Works
1036 MAIN ST.
HONESDALE, PA.
OVER 66 YEARS'
IENCE
Trade Marks
Designs
c0pyri0.ht3 &.c.
Anyone Bonding n Blotch nnd description may
quickly ascertain our opinion freo whether an
Invention IB probably patentable Communica
tions strictly contldontlol. HANDBOOK on Patents
sent free. Oldest agency for securing patents.
1'atenta taken through Munn & Co. receive
special notice, without charge, In tho
Scientific JUiterican.
A handsomoly lllnstratod weekly. Largest clr
culatlon of any sclentltla Journal. Terms, (3 a
year; four months, L Bold by all newsdealers.
iYiUNN cS Co.3B,Broadwa'- New York
liraoch OfHco. C25 V SU Washington, D. C.
TIVE COTTA
QES
modern, appointments.,
and painted lo
Al- I
foot,
streets, 26x50 feot
5K Hfllll
$2.20
J aid win B!dg. Both Phone