PAGE TWO
THE CITIZEN, TUESDAY, MARCH n, 1913.
SAYS UNIVERSE
ELECTRIFI
Professor Birkeiand Holds Suns
Are Charged.
THEY EMIT POSITIVE ATOMS
Scientist Asserts These Atoms Coalesce
to Form Planots That Revolve About
the Suns Theory Similar to Soion
tists Who Transmuted Matter More
New Worlds Than Beings Born.
An amazing; picture of the future
development of the universe is drawn
by Professor Krlstton Blrkoland, a
Norwegian physicist, In a Jecturo de
livered before the Academy of Science
at Christlunla.
The earth, said Professor BlrUeland,
bad existed as a globe for over a mil
liard of years. Man had lived and de
veloped for only a fraction of that
time. During the last two centuries
ho had developed in culture and sci
ence far more than in tho hundreds of
thousands of years that ho had pre
viously existed on the earth.
"How long has this evolution been
going on?" asked the lecturer. Geolo
gy taught that life upon the earth wan
only a brief episode. Luclcn Polncare
once said that human thought was
like a flash of lightning in tho dark
wight, but It would seem to be con
ceivable that new worlds had arrived
In space more frequently than human
beings were born on earth. Each
world probably had its flash of light
ning with its human struggle of
thought and discovery, again to disap
pear without leaving a trace. Worlds
died more frequently than human be
ings on earth, In numbers beyond com
putation. Agrees With Other Scientists.
Tho researches by which Professor
Birkeiand arrived at these conclusions
ehow an interesting similarity with
those of Sir William Ramsay and pro
fessor Collie, who recently said they
transmuted metals. Ills experiments,
he said, showed that as a result of an
electric discharge in the vacuum tube
platinum and uranium appeared. At
any rate, the original rays wore sim
ilar to the alpha rays, or, In other
words, behaved In n manner compara
ble with radium. Such action, he said,
would appear to suggest transmuta
tion of the elements concerned.
Tho bearing of these facts on the
theory that Professor Birkeiand puts
forward as to tho origin of the uni
verse is that it gives experimental con
firmation to his hypothesis that bodies
strongly charged with negative elec
tricity can give out positively electri
fied particles. Ho regards the suns
and stars as such bodies emitting these
particles which coalesco to form plan
ets circulating around the parent body.
From this premise ho concludes with
Arrhenlus that the whole of space
consists of ether charged throughout
with electricity.
All Suns Electrified.
The basis of his system. Professor
Birkeiand explained, was contained' in
the belief that nil the suns of the uni
verse were strongly and negatively
electrified, their electrical condition be
ing maintained by radiation. The in
tensity of the electrification varied
with the different stars, but in tho case
of the sun being calculated from the
character of the electric rays passing
from the sun to tho earth and produc
ing the aurora borealts.
The lecturer asserted that he had
shown experimentally that a body In
the condition of the sun might become
magnetized and give rise to electric
phenomena corresponding to those
seen in the sun ns, for instance, the
Bun spots, arranged In belts on both
sides of the equator and surrounded
by vortex rings, the movements of
these spots in different degrees of lati
tude and the appearance of a coronn.
DOCTOR URGES EUTHANASIA.
Movement on In Massachusetts to Le
galize Practice.
There is an agitation in medical cir
cles throughout Massachusetts in fa
vor of the adoption of a statute legal
izing euthanasia. Among the physi
cians who favor the project of merci
fully killing tho incurables through the
medium of drugs Is Dean Harold Wil
liams of the Tufts Medical school.
Dean Edward It. Bradford of the Har
vard Medical school, while admitting
tho virtues of euthanasia, doubts
whether it could be administered un
der proper conditions.
Dean Williams said recently:
"The function of the physician Is
well understood to bo tho prevention
and cure of disease and tho alleviation
of pain. It should bo the duty of every
physician to protect his patient from
needless suffering, and in all cases In
which death is inevitable I believe hu
manity demands the relief of pain
even if the duration of llfo may be
shortened by tho agents so employed."
Paradise Plumes Tabooed.
Tho use of bird of paradise feathers
in millinery is condemned by the colo
nial secretary of Berlin, who publicly
appeals to women to refuso to wear
hats so adorned, no says that his de
partment will discourage tho practice
by raining tho export duty on birds
killed in tho German, colonies and fore
shadows a law entirely prohibiting the
killing of these birds.
f PLAYGROUND PARAGRAPHS.
Play counts for morals, for It
is In our play that we choose
things according to our char
acter, and by choosing we make
our character. Elmer Ellsworth
Brown, United States Commis
sioner of Education.
Happy hearts antfhappy faces,
Happy play In grassy places
That was how in anoient ages
Children draw to kings and sages.
Robert Louis Stevenson.
Of all methods of serving
those the conditions of whose
lives are narrow and hard I
know of none more important X.
than the creation, In great ag-
grsgations of population, of
breathing spaces. Bishop Pot- X
ter
He who helps a child helps T
humanity with a distinctness, X
with an Immedlateness, whioh no
other help given to human crea
tures in any other stage of their 4
human life can ever give again. T
Phillips urooKs.
The modern city child has lost
his most precious birthright, T
the back yard. Dr. Woods X
Hutchinson.
-H-f-
FRONT YARD PLANNING.
When Space Is Small Great Care Must
Be Used.
On a lot of fifty feet tho house is
usually within twenty feet of tho side
walk. Small grounds like this should
never have shrubs dotted over them or
be cut up with beds, as this makes the
front yard look cluttered.
All planting, unless it bo of trees,
should be close to the house in a way
to cover the underpinning as much as
possible or on tho line bctweon lots.
Shrubs In the background, with hardy
herbaceous plants, bedding plants and
annuals In front, are most desirable.
If you use more than one color, avoid
those that clash, such as several
shades of red. Use enough white to
bring out the mixture.
The massing of several plants of one
color is most effective. If you use yel
low have the plants dwarf and In the
front. If blue enters into your plant
ing that should be at the farthest point
Avoid straight lines as far ns possible.
Graceful curves give much more natu
ral effect and a bettor perspective.
STREET TREE PRUNING.
A Few Hints For This Important Part
of Maintenance Work.
The work of pruning should be be
gun at the top of tho tree and com
pleted at the bottom. In this way the
desired form can be better secured,
and there Is loss danger of accident
The men employed should be careful
not to do more damage by breaking
and bruising than they do good by
pruning. A rope properly adjusted
about tho waist and fastened to a
stout limb above the workman Is an
excellent means of sustaining the prin
cipal weight of the body whllo moving
nbout through the tree. The form and
direction of the cut when romoving
branches depend upon tho position of
the branch on the tree and upon
whether It Is to be simply shortened
or entirely removed.
Erect branches are shortened by cut
ting them at an angle, thus preventing
tho undue entrance of water, while
side branches are cut perpendicularly
for the Biune reason.
FRANCE'S GOOD IDEA.
Municipal Employment Bureau to Be
Tried In Paris.
Tho French government passed a law
In 1004 authorizing the establishment
of free municipal employment bureaus.
Nothing was done nbout the matter
until last year, when the minister of
labor aroused new interest in the es
tablishment of these bureaus, which
had been worked out so successfully In
Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, etc.
He Invited the prefects to consider the
matter, and tho prefect of the Seine
has been instructed to present definite
plans to tho municipal council for the
establishment of bucIi a bureau In one
of tho districts of Paris.
The plan Is to conduct the bureau on
very democratic lines, to have It con
trolled by a commission composed of
the workmen and employers and pre
sided over by a man of special qualifi
cations. A Shade Tree Census.
Tho shade tree commltteo of tho city
of Philadelphia has submitted a report
to tho Falrmount park commission
complied from 12,002 cards, giving a
census of trees on about 2,000 miles of
sidewalk and describing 110,101 speci
mens. Of these C0.00O are standing
unprotected by any guards and are lia
ble to bo Injured, whllo thousands of
others aro strangled by guards that
they 'have outgrown. Many trees havo
died owing to Improper planting nnd
lack of care. An appropriation of $50,
000 is asked for, or about 40 cents per
existing tree. The cost of pruning and
cleaning has averaged 00 cents and
spraying 70 cents. Country Gentle-
Naturo Study and Progress.
More and more of natura atiulr is
being introduced into schools from the
highest to the lowest, and no small
part of It consists of studios in plant
llfo, added to which is tho experience
gained In tho school carden or field
studies along botanical lines. In the
next generation a marked Improvement
will bo seen In the general appreciation
of parks, street trees and other means
at making tho town beautiful along
strictly horticultural lines.
CIENTISTS TELL
OF APE ANCESTRY
Thirteen Savants Uphold Evo
lution Theory.
SUPPORT DARWIN'S IDEAS.
In Essays Printed . In tho Biblical
World They Describe All Proofs and
Show How Teachings of Scriptures
Must Be Reconciled With Soientlfio
Facts One Sounds Alarm.
Famous scientists went on record re
cently to uphold the Darwinian theory
of man's evolution from the lower ani
mals. A symposium of opinion of lead
ing savants of the United States gath
ered on behalf of the Christian people
of tho universe by Dean Shaller Math
ews of the University of Chicago was
published in his magazine, the. Biblical
World.
The magazine asked the question,
"Do you believe in evolution?" So far
It has received replies from thirteen
of the leading astronomers, geologists
and biologists of America. All an
swers were nfflrmatlve. The conclu
sion Is drawn that Christians must rec
oncile the teachings of the Bible to tho
theory of Darwin rather than to re
fute It
Sounds Warning to Christians.
An editorial preceding the views ex
pressed by the scientists reads!
"Many earnest Christians are afraid
of evolution ob something which will
destroy their faith in God, and Jesus
Christ. Indeed, no thoughtful person
can fall to perceive the dangers to re
ligious faith implied In certain philoso
phers which are based upon, evolution.
But such apprehensions are sometimes
expressed unfortunately. The public,
for Instance, has been widely assured
that 'evolution has collapsed.' Such
an affirmation Involves a question of
fact If evolution has collapsed scien
tists, particularly astronomers, geolo
gists and biologists, would be the first
to know.
"If It has not collapsed the religious
world must discover a way in which
evolution can be utilized as one of the
revelations of God's will. According
ly, in order to get at the opinion of the
scientific world, the Biblical Worldnsk
ed a number of the leaders of American
science to give an answer of not to ex
ceed 100 words to the question, 'Does
modern science still believe in evolu
tion?' The unanimity of response
makes it apparent that our theological
thinking cannot ignore, much leas
deny, the place evolution is holding In
our modern world. For oar own part,
we believe that, so far from being in''
consistent with tho gospel, evolution'
furnishes one of tho means by which
wo may better understand the relations
of God with this world."
Opinions of the Scientists.
Some of the opinions expressed by
the scientists are by William Patten,
professor of biology and zoology, Dart
mouth college: "Evolution is the ac
cepted doctrine of the natural sciences
to the extent that it has long ceased to
be a subject of debate In standard sci
entific journals or in the organized
conferences of men of science. It is no
longer n question of whether this, that
or the other has been evolved, but
where and when nnd how and why it1
was evolved. As for biologists, they
are now further from agreement as to
what constitutes the processes nnd
conditions essential to organic develop
ment and further from mutual under
standing or from a JUBt appreciation of
both the supplementary and antago
nistic views held by their colleagues
than they were a year ago.
"This is an index of real progress
along divergent lines, too rapid for the
pioneers to keep in constant touch with
each other or with the rear guard. The
brief reports of individual success or
failure on the frontier which from timo
to time reach the public ear are, as a
rule, unintelligible to the layman. They
are sometimes improperly utilized to
proclaim a general defeat or a general
victory for this or that cause, to alloy
partisan fear or encourage partisan
hope. Allow me, a soldier In the ranks,
to report that there is but one army in
the field, that the fight moves bravely
on toward 'the light' nnd science and
humanity lead."
Firmness of Theory.
By Jacques Loeb, Rockefeller Insti
tute For Medical Research, New York:
"Modern science believes more firmly
than ever in evolution. Less is today
written on the subject than former.ly
because modern biologists find it more
profitable to experiment than to argue.
Two essential groups of data have
been added since the days of Darwin
as the result of experimental work
First, it was shown through a blood
reaction which wns discovered in con
nection with work on immunity that a
close relationship exists between man
and anthropoid apes; second, breed
ing experiments by Mendellan meth
ods have established the fact of the in
dependent disappearance of hereditary
factors for unit characters in the
perm."
By Henry Fairfield Osborn, president
of tho American Museum of Natural
History, Now York; "Evolution has
long slnco passed out of the domain of
peculation, of hypothesis nnd even of
theory. It Is a law of living nature n
firmly nnd lncontrovertlbly established
ns tho law of gravitation In respect to
the .celestial spheres,"-
points
for
JVfotbere
The Small Daughter's Hair.
The modern mother has learned wis
dom In ninny way, not the least of
which is Jilt- arrangement of her small
daughter's hair. She no longer tor
tures the little one whose lock hung
limp and utralght with curlers in an
attempt to rectify nature's mistake.
Instead she accepts tho mistake In
fact, does not even look upon it as
such and makeB the modern little girl
look Just us pretty minus curls as she
would with them.
Most of us remembur the days when
every well brought up child hud hor
front hulr either cut Into a fringe
sralght across her forehead or elso
pushed back painfully nnd tied tightly
on the crown of bar head.
Today we realize that nature knows
what suits little girls a great deal bet
ter than do other mothers.
Take that chubby mite, for Instance,
who has fluffy hair that will never
grow very long and that can't hslp
running into little curls. A middle
parting would make her locks too pu
ritanically demure, thinks her mother.
So the division comes a trifle to one
side, giving scope for the services of
n big bow that ties back the heavier
portion of the hair. This "almost mid
dle" parting always suits a round faced
child.
In n new evening style for an older
girl the hair is parted for about two
inches on the brow nnd brushed softly
back behind It. A piece of ratln rib
bon Is passed round the head, biding
the divisional line between the part
ing and tho brushed back hair.
The ribbon ends are safely pinned to
gether nnd concealed either by one of
thoso tortoise shell clasps that we
grownups find so useful, or by a plain
enamel buckle to match the ribbon.
Then, unless the little lady has a head
of very exquisite shape, tho hair with
in tho ribbon circlet Is gently loosened
at tho back, giving almost a turban
effect
There Is still another style that al
ways suits the long faced nnd high
browed child, and if she has hair of
tho kindly sort that you can twist into
curls with your fingers so much the
better. Make the side parting very
low on the forehead and don't "scrape"
the hair into that charming bow, which
should never be made up and mounted
on a slide.
By the way, if your little girl's hair
refuses to curl, please don't resort to
rags or pins! It is ten chances to one
that straight hair Is becoming to her
face, so try the effect either of a loose
plait over each shoulder, or suppos
ing that tho hair is too thin for this
keep it cut rather short Just above
the shoulders
A Nursery Party.
Great fun results when Invitations
are sent out to a "nursory rime lucky
hunt" Naturally tho little people
know all tho old familiar rimes, and If
they do not the sooner they set about
learning them the bettor. The hostess
will find many things that she needs
for her party in the shops. The pur
chases are hidden about in as many
rooms as possible, and then when the
children arrive tho hunt begins. Some
where in the room should be display
ed nursery rime pictures, but care
must bo taken that no words arc visi
ble. Presently, when hunting is success
fully over, the children sit down and
tyi gayly colored lucky bag or basket is
'placed In the middle of the room. Now
,each pair of small feet have to move
across tho floor until they stand by
this most attractive thing, but this is
done in turn. The child whoso name
is first called holds out the result of
her hunting, perhaps a tiny animal,
and then says over the rime with
which it Is connected. This means
that hands may draw out a tiny bng
or box of sweets from tho lucky bag
or basket, nnd the wiso hostess sug
gests they shall not be opened at the
moment The presence of these things
prevents anything like shyness on the
part of the children, who aro only too
eager to draw. Everybody who does
not succeed in saying the rime correct
ly tho first time is given another
chance. The singing of a nursery rime
ditty means that small hands may
have two. Journeys Into the lucky bag.
Many animals, birds and insects may
be hidden by the organizer of a nurs
ery rime lucky hunt cat, dog, tho black
sheep, white horse, cow, bull, horse.
Sheep of ordinary hue must not be for
gotten. Cocks, hens, robin redbreast,
demure Jonny Wren, blackbirds, crows,
may all be safely hidden In the same
room with charming kittens. The calf,
the -rat, tho mouse, tho pig, all make
their bows in the pages of nursery
rime. A quaint little pail suggests the
enterprising Jack and Jill; a toy clock
or a mouse, Dlckory, Dickory Dock; a
I tiny fiddle, Old King Colo; a toy cup
board, Old Mother Hubbard; silver bells
or cockleshells, Mary, Mary, Quite
Contrary; a horn speaks of Little Boy
Blue; a spoon, tho one that the dish
rah away with; a spider, Little Miss
Muffct; a miniature pie, a Little Jack
norner. Thero are, indeed, many
things which any hostosa can obtain
most easily. The smaller the article
the easier to hide. The tiny animal
figures to be purchased for a penny
at toy shops answer tho purpose moist
xrellently.
WE WILL HAIL YIU SI
lot uk fall art ftfe TaaU h m In hi
rutUI Hit la ntfUa. Itir'Mt Mat erfaaa
aaM (t OU GoU, tllrtl, rWdaaaa, Hm,,i,t4
i Jtwtlrr. 14 aa m km ftt
NIIU. SMELTING ft REnMXC COW AIT
K3TAKJMW a TUM.
I CHESTNUT ST., PniAMLrHtA. PA.
HERE IS A DARGAIN
Located In Berlin township about
3 miles from Honesdale is ono
of tho best farms in that locality.
It consists of 108 acres, which Is all
improved. Tho soil is sand loam and
red shale. It is well watered by
springs; orchard. Twelve-room
house, barn 37x47 feet with shed
22x90 feot. Part cash, balance on
easy terms. See
Buy-U-A-nomo Realty Co.
Jadwin Building, Box 52, Honesdale.
Suffering Men A. Women. n..n I. Wealth, ta.
kv GERMAN TREATMENTI.lk.o.ljC.r.
W "A Selaa title CaBblaatloa altfaa Allepathla.Ilaiaato.
B gtS ! Be laeM. A U.U.I. Siateae ol B.JL1...
m VUI ALUWE (Jure, alter Oltin Vail, Nerroa.,
JL JBJJ llaarl. Steaieea, Unr, Blaed, Bala, Bladder A
MtV all Caraale A Ll.rert.r lllneata, D.blMI j, Weak
eli, Catarrk, Throat, Rota. Oaea Caa.ar. Ballde Cp la.
Brekea Dawa, Briteree Tlrer, Tlai. Heelta. Simula!
BellTrael.e.t. OLD DR. THEEL. I.e.. 1710
SPRING GARDEN ST., I'hlla.Tl'... 47 t,,n
I'raellee. Hrnd f or Ilook, a ReTFlatlnn la Ik Slok.
Bxpoaea AdrertlaUis Quacks Ji Medicine Sharks
NOTICE OP SPECIAL BILL.
Notice Is hereby given that dur
ing the regular session of the Gen
eral Assembly of the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania to be held in the
year one thousand nine hundred and
thirteen, there will be introduced a
bill entitled "An act to amend an
act approved the eighth day of May
one thousand nine hundred and one,
entitled 'An act to Incorporate the
Mllanvllle Bridge Company, in
Wayne County, Pennsylvania.' "
The object of said amendment is
to change the annual date of meet
ing from the first Monday of Janu
ary to the second Monday of Janu
ary In each year.
' MILTON L. SKINNER,
President.
Chas. E. Beach, Sec'y.
Feb. 7, 1913. 13eoi4
CHICHESTER S PILLS
U-jr?- THE UIAUONU BRAND. X'
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SOLD BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE
IT
The Honesdale Citizen has juBt mado an arrangement whereby it
offers the biggest and best combination for tho least money that
was over handed out to Wayne County people. Here it Is:
Tho Wnyno Citizen, a semi-weekly local newspaper, regular price. .1.50
Tho Wnynu Countenn, Frank P. Woodward's Popular Local Monthly .50
Tho Tribune Fanner, a splendid 24 page practical newspaper for
farmers, weekly 1.00
Tho Ladies' World, the Best Woman's Magazine for double 'the prico
ever published, monthly 50
Homo Songs, 57G pages of tho very best old-time songs, words and
music, bound in cloth, and printed on fine paper 1.00
Regular Price ?4.50
For a limited time we offer the entire lot for
Only $3.00
Cut out and return the following coupon, properly signed.
Editor of Citizen:
The undersigned Is Interested In your combination offer, and would
like further particulars. ,
Signed
' Town
State
THE DELAWARE AND
Saratoga Springs
and
Lake
I Ten Days9
Saturday, August 2, 1913
Arrange Your Vacation Accordingly.
NIAGARA PALLS.
THE TOWER HOTEL is located
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aro reasonable 19eoily
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Excursion