THE CITIZEN, FRIDAY, JANUARY 31, 1913. PAGE THREE
DIVORCE FLOURISHED IN
BABYLON CENTURIES AGO.
Such Is Contention of Theologian
Translator of Inscriptions.
In tho well regulntetl nnd highly de
veloped city of Babylon during tho
rclgn of Hnmmurnbl, about 2230 U. C,
dlvorco with alimony was a common
occurrence.
"Prominent members of clubs" fig
ured In dlvorco courts, nnd scandals
furnished tho city with gossip. Hav
ing been granted a divorce, a man
would pay liberal alimony to his wife
nnd publish tho Information that
should any one marry tho divorcee he
would not object.
This contribution to tho knowledge
of tho early ways of the human race
is given by tho Itov. Samuel A. B.
Mercer of the Western Theological
seminary. He has completed transla
tions of Babylonian cuneiform inscrip
tions. Tho results are given in the
American Journal of Semitic Lan
guages nnd Literature, issued recently
by the University of Chicago press.
"Marriage contracts," writes Dr.
Mercer, "made provisions for possible
disagreements nnd divorce. If tho
husband left his wife ho was obliged
to pay. If the wife took a dislike to
the husband she was to receive phys
ical punishment
"In some contracts provisions were
made for the care of tho parents by
tho newly married couple. The ex
pression of repudiation was 'ul as-as-tl'
('thou art not my wife') or 'ul mu-tlat-ta'
('thou art not my husband')."
TUBERCULOSIS WAR GROWS.
Great Increase Is Made In 1912 Over
That of 1911.
Nearly $10,000,000 was spent in tjie
anti-tuberculosis campaign In the
United States during tho year 1012, ac
cording to the fourth annual statistical
statement of expenditures in this
movement issued by the National As
sociation For the Study and Prevention
of Tuberculosis. Tho expenditures
during tho year for sanitarium nnd
hospital construction nnd treatment
innko tho largest single item in tho to
tal, nmounting to nearly ?1G,SOO,000.
This is an increase of nearly $5,000,
000 over tho same group of expendi
tures for the year 1911. Tho anti-tuberculosis
associations and committees
spent over $"05,000, while dispensaries
and tuberculosis clinics spent over
$500,000. Over $415,000 was spent for
the maintenance and establishment of
open air schools and fresh air classes,
which is more than double tho amount
spent for this purpose in 1011.
Official, state nnd municipal expendi
tures outside of tho maintenance of in
stitutions, which are included in the
other totals, amounted to $2S0,0OO. In
addition to these figures about $500,000
was spent by hospitals for insane and
penal Institutions in caring for their
tuberculosis inmates.
PARCEL POST BY AEROPLANE
Providence Aviator Takes Load of
Beans From Boston.
Harry Martin Jones, a Providence
(It. I.) aviator, left Boston recently on
the first parcel post aviation trip be
tween that city and New York. Ills
cargo was a load of Boston baked
beans.
Jones was authorized to act as parcel
post carrier by tho United States post
office department. Ho got that authori
zation through tho postmaster of Bos
ton and correspondence with tho na
tional postal authorities in Washing
ton. Ho carried twenty-fivo pounds of
beans In various packages to deliver In
Now London, New Haven, Bridgeport
and New York.
One of tho parcels was for his moth
er, another for a Miss Hart and n
third for J. P. McDonald, manager of
tho Narragansett postofllce.
KILLS CHILD TO END MISERY.
Distraught Mother Said to Have Chok
ed Daughter to Death.
Tho inquest into tho case of tho
death of the thirteen-year-old daugh
ter of Mrs. Woods in London, who was
an invalid from childhood nnd who
was strangled by the mother, as it Is
believed, to put the child out of her
agony, resulted in a verdict of willful
murder against Mrs. Woods. Tho wo
man was too ill to appear, and the
jury added to its verdict that tho stato
of her mind should bo inquired into.
The child at times suffered agonizing
fits. Her mother, according to tho tes
timony of tho husband and father, had
attended tho child constantly, but
could give her no relief. Finally in a
recent attack tho mother became dis
traught at tho child's sufferings nnd
strangled her to put her out of her
misery. Tho husband wns absent nt
the" time.
RAILROAD TEACHES JAPANESE
Workmen From Nippon Learn the
English Language.
Teaching English to Japanese work
men Is ono of tho tasks of tho educa
tional bureau of tho Union Pacific Rail
road company, according to informa
tion received at tho United States bu
reau of education. Moro than 600 Jap
anese section foremen and trackmen
are employed by tho railroad, and for
tho benefit of theso men instruction
books are issued in Japanese nnd Eng
lish. It is belioved that by handling prac
tical problems of railroading In both
languages the Jnpaneso workers will
not only gain tho necessary technical
information, but also lncrcaso tholr
knowledco of English.
SUFFERING, DESTITUTION,
SET FORTH IN
Tho Survivors Ask Total of
$5,500,000 For Bereave
ment and Losses.
TORIES of death, suffering and
permanent physical injuries, ac
counts of utter financial desti
tution and recitals of loss of
costly gems nnd laces and gowns are
to be found set forth in the formal
phrasing of the law in the 270 claims
thus far filed with United States Com
missioner Gilchrist for dnmnges due to
the Titanic dlsastor.
Tho total nmount is $5,500,000.
Death claims constitute the larger
part of this sum. Then follow claims
for loss of baggage and personal ef
fects. Many European countries nnd
most states of tho Union nro repre
sented. Tho largest claim is that of Mrs.
Irene Wailach Harris, widow of Henry
B. Harris, New York theatrical mnuu
ger. She asks $1,000,000 for his death.
She also demands $27,700 for loss of
her effects and $4,025 for his. On n
pearl string $10,000 is claimed by Mrs.
Harris, on a set of diamond vest but
tons $350 and on a gold cigarette case
$100.
The smallest claim is for$lG.00, regis
tered mall lost by Meyer & Muller of
Germany. The most costly single item
listed Is a pink diamond on which
Charlotte D. M. Cardeza of German
town, Pa., claims $20,000. The least
expensive single item is an eyecup, for
which Fred O. Spedden of New York
wants 25 cents. He asks $1,G4C for oth
er belongings.
The second largest damage claim is
that of Sirs. May Futrelle of Plymouth,
Mass., who asks not only $300,000 for
tho loss of her husband, Jacques Fu
trelle, novelist, but $4,701.50 for his
baggage and $4,378.50 for hers. Manu
scripts and plans for books she values
nt $3,000.
Another $300,000 Demand.
The third largest claim was tiled by
Mrs. Elizabeth C. Case of Rochester,
asking $300,000 for the death of her
husband, Howard B. Cace. He was
managing director of tho Vacuum Oil
company nnd drew $20,000 yearly.
For the deaths of William Skoogh of
Sweden, his wife and their four young
children, Mr. nnd Mrs. Anders Johan
son, grandfather and grandmother of
the dead man, ask $125,000. They
want $2,250 besides for baggage.
Mrs. Lily Millet, widow of Frank D.
Millet, artist, claims $100,000 for his
death.
No death claim is made by Mrs. John
B. Thayer of Haverford, Pa., widow
of a vice president of the Pennsylva
nia, but she seeks $14,010.50 for loss
of the family's baggage. Eighteen
hats are rated at $050, and $30 Is claim
ed for a set of ivory dominos. Silk
shirts, silk stockings and three hot
water bottles figure on tho list.
Lewis P. Butt, executor of Major
Archibald W. Butt, one of tho heroic
figures of the wreck, says the major
had seven trunks, nnd $1,000 is claim
ed therefor.
Jessio Farquharson, as executor of
Daniel W. Marvin of New York, who
wns on his honeymoon when he died,
asks $200,000.
The heaviest claim for loss of bag
gngo is that of Charlotte D. M. Car
deza, who claims $177,352.75. This
amount Is tho estimated value of her
wardrobe, the items of which cover
sixteen closely typewritten pages. Sho
had fourteen trunks, four bags, three
packing cases and ono jewel box,
which she had given to tho purser.
Her most expensive dress Is a Worth
product valued at $000. Hatpins to
tho nmount of $500 nro listed. There
are eighty-four pairs of gloves and
;-H-4-l--K--!-H-l-K-l-H-H-:-!-:-H
FOUR HAVE EIGHT HEARTS.
Physician Discovers Family With Odd
Vital Organs.
Dr. James Morgeustern of Eastou,
Pa., has discovered a family In which
the mother and three children are each
provided with two hearts. Investiga
tion has established the fact beyond a
doubt. Tho woman is Mrs. Berton
Perkins, nnd the children nre Anna,
Alien and Doris Perkins, aged thirteen,
eleven and four, respectively.
Dr. Morgenstern wns called to tho
homo of Berton Perkins to nttend a
child suffering from chicken pox.
While inspecting tho chest of the child
he felt a heart beating on the right
side. Ho hastily shifted his hand over
to tho left part of the chest and felt
another heart beating there, apparent
ly as any well behaved heart should do.
Dr. Morgenstern then determined to
see If the phenomenon wns repeated
in tho other children. Ho called In
two, nnd again two hearts were beat
ing, ono in each side of the chest. He
then summoned tho mother, and she,
like her three children, was possessed
of two vital organs, each pumping
blood through tho body. ,
Canada Bars Miss Glyn.
The Canadian government has is
sued an order prohibiting tho sale on
tho government railway trains of
books of Elinor Glyn and Ilubert
Wales, complaint having been made
by the Social Reform league.
TITANIC 1
Woman Writes of Pitiful
Plight-Owners Refer
Her to Charity.
thirty-three pnirs of shoes. Other
items arc $300 .for a lace parasol, $250
for a laco and mothcr-of-ponrl fan,
$S0 for an elephant's breath paradise
feather and $1.75 for a cake of soap.
Her jewels were valued at $104,753,
among them being n Burma ruby ring
worth $14,000.
This claimant says she paid $3,200
for her passage.
Fainting His Chief Loss.
Another big claim for loss of per
sonal effects Is that of n. B. Steffansou
of the notel Gotham, who asks $102,
030. He values a painting by Blondcl,
"La Clrcassienne nu Bain," at $100,000.
Tho Right Hon. Lucy Noel Martha,
countess of Rothes, Leslie House, Fife,
Scotland, asks $12,425 for her ward
robe. Her maid wants $400 for hers.
Mrs. Catherine narbeck of Toledo,
widow of W. II. Harbeck, wants $25,
000 for his death and $55,823.81 for his
belongings. Among these were 110,
000 feet of moving picture films, which
sho values at $55,000.
The Merchants' Mnrlne Insurance
company asks $132,000 for twenty-six
property schedules on which it has
paid iusurauce.
Ono of the pathetic claims is that of
Mrs. Angelo Noutal of London, Eng
land, who writes to Commissioner Gil
christ on heavy mourning paper. She
sayj she is destitute as tho result of
the death of her husband, Rahman
Noutal.
"I am totally unprovided for," she
writes, "and have a little daughter and
my mother to support. From tho lord
mayor's fund I am now getting $20 n
month, hopelessly inadequate for three
people. I have written three times to
the White Star Hue. They have re
plied, regretting they could do nothing
and referring me to the charitable
funds. I cannot believe that they nro
to be permlted lo refer victims of their
neglect to charity."
Helen C. Candeo asks $10,000 for per
sonal injuries and $4,0-10 for baggage.
Sho says sho was forced to jump from
the deck of the Titanic to a lifeboat,
that there wns no proper nrrangemeut
of oars or equipment in the boat and
that in the confusion sho fell and broke
her ankle, from which she suffers lame
ness. She nsserts sho had to help to
row the boat for hours.
Mrs. Frederick C. Quick of Detroit
clnims $3,100 for suffering duo to the
shock of the disaster.
"I and my daughter have never been
the same since," sho says.
George Rhclnis was on "a submerg
ed, defective collapsible lifeboat for
hours," he says, and for "shock and
anguish" ho demands $10,700; for bag
gage, $0,418.
Mrs. Florence Anglo asserts sho suf
fered terribly from shock due to her
own physical hardships nnd the death
of her husband, Wlllinni A. Angle.
She clnims $11,000 for her personal
sufferings nnd $50,000 for her hus
band's death.
Was Kept From Lifeboat.
Mrs. Ellznbeth L. Rothschild of New
York sets forth that "her husband,
Martin Rothschild, was prevented from
entering tho lifeboat" with her and
wns lost. Her mental state was such
that she wns under n physlclnu's care
for a long period, for which sho asks
$20,000, with $50,000 for her husband's
death.
Several other widows say tholr hus
bands were "prevented from entering
the lifeboats." Several claimants re
fer to the presence of J. Bruce Ismay
on bonrd and assert he hnd knowledge
that tho ship was being navigated reck
lessly. Captain Smith Is mentioned in
ono clnim for incompetence.
I-H-H-H-H-H-W-H-l-H-I-H-H-K-I'
ELEVATORS IN ANCIENT ROME.
Professor Boni Clears 120 Foot Shaft
In Palace of Caesars.
A dispatch from Rome to the London
Dally Mail says:
"Professor Boni, who has been carry
ing on excavations on tho site former
ly occupied by the palace of tho Cae
sars on tho Palatine hill, has proved
that at least three large lifts were used
In the palace, enabling tho Roman em
perors to nscend from tho forum to
the top of tho Palatine. One shaft
which has now been completely cleared
from the debris which encumbered 11
Is 120 feet deep.
"A storm which displaced n tract ol
sandy beach at Porto D'Anzo, neai
Romo, revealed the existence beneath
tho level of the sen of ruins which are
supposed to be tho remains of a patrl
clan villa of Antlum, the fashionable
seaside resort of ancient Rome."
Millionaire Drives Bulls.
Qulncy A. Shaw, said to be Boston's
richest man, president of the Calumet
and necla Mining company, has a new
fad. It is driving n pair of imported
Gerry bulls brought over from Ire
laud. Beverly Farms never saw a
stranger sight than theso powerful
animals hitched side by side with the
copper magnate holding the reins. Tha
bulls are driven by ordinary relna
passed through rings which pierce
their losea. They are tractable and
onnnd rcndllv to their driver's orders
TOTAL- PRODUCTION OP
PENNSYLVANIA COAL.
The 'production of anthracite coal
In 1912 Is estimated by E. W. Park
er, of tho United States Geological
Survey, at 82,400,000 short tons.
Mr. A. H. Armstrong, chief of tho
Bureau of Anthracite Statistics, re
ports to -the Geological Survey that
the shipments for the first eleven
months of 1912 amounted to 57,
CGG,07G long tons and estimates
that the shipments for December
will amount to 0,350,000 long tons,
making a total for tho year of ap
proximately G4, 000, 000 long tons.
The colliery consumption amounts
to about 10 per cent, of tho total
production, and the local sales to
about 2,000,000 long tons, so that
the total production for the year
amounted to about 73,500,000 long
tons, or 82,400,000 short tons.
These figures, compared with tho
production of 80,771,488 long tons
(90,404,067 short tons) in 1911,
show a decrease of 7,270,000 long
tons (8,140,000 short tons), or a
'per cent. The most important fac
tor affecting the anthracite indus
try was the suspension in April and
May, due to the inability of opera
tors and miners to reach an agree
ment on tho wage scale. The total
shipments for those two months
were only 1.G95.000 tons, whereas
under normal conditions they should
have amounted to 12,000,000 tons or
more, so that a shortage of about
10,500,000 tons In the supply of an
thracite 'wn.s created. But 'for that
shortage tho production of anthra
cite (adding the usual local and
colliery consumption) would have
amounted to 85,000,000 long tons,
or an Increase of 5 per cent, over
the high record of 1911. Insufficient
car supply materially hampered
trade. Cars .for shipments over con
necting roads were exceptionally
slow In returning, and In some in
stances coal cars had to be diverted
to tho shipment of perishable
freight. In the early part of De
cember much fear was 'felt that tho
efforts made to secure the prompt
return of cars, If successful, would
be offset by bad weather.
NECESSITY OP SPRAYING TREES
The state Is very watchful of hor
ticultural interests, says tho Scran
ton Times. A little incident occur
red this holiday season which shows
that Pennsylvania Is fully alive to
the interests of horticulture and ag
riculture, by keeping a watchful eye
on every possible enemy to vegeta
tion through the Department of Ety
mology. A local florist received a
shipment of goods, just prior to
Christmas, consisting of evergreens
and shrubs to be used at Christmas
and Easter. These goods were un
packed by tho employes of this con
cern and distributed to 'three differ
ent points.
The Department of Etymology at
Harrisburg received notice that this
shipment had been forwarded from
the custom house at New York to
Scranton and it bad escaped inspec
tion there. A representative paid
this florist a visit four different
times before he could get all this
sto4lJ( located and inspected. The
representative of the government
found this stock all O. K. Had It
been Infested by any Insects it would
had to bo either sprayed, fumigated
or destroyed.
The time has now come, the law
having just gone into effect last Pall
that any horticultural goods shipped
from any foreign country to the
United States has to have a permit
with number, attached to shipment
from the shipping point. This same
florist having a shipment coming,
next Spring, from a Holland firm,
received notice from tho shipper that
ho must apply to the Secretary of
Agriculture at Washington and got
a numbered permit and send the
number to the Holland firm as he
said, "I can't ship until I receive the
number." So It seems tho Federal
Government Is watchful, likewise.
This act is known as II. R. 24119.
This will debar the possibility of
goods getting distributed anywhere
without the closest scrutiny of gov
ernment representatives.
If all orchardlsts and owners of
trees and shrubs were as painstaking
and careful about this matter of al
lowing Insects to become disseminat
ed, which is very possible when they
are being incubated as fast as they
are in this section of tho state, by
not spraying trees, wo would see
marked improvement.
The stato is spending thousands of
dollars and the Federal Govern
ment is spending hundreds of thous
ands, in this work.
If individuals do not take up tho
matter more thoroughly than they
have In the past, the time is coming
when a law will be passed that
either individuals must uso every
energy possible to keep theso ene
mies under subjection or their trees
will he cut down by state authority
wnen inresteu.
This section of tho country has.
so far, escaped tho ravages of tho
brown tall and gypsy moth, which
made their first appearance In this
country at Boston and have now
crept their way along tho coast as
far north and east as Maine and as
far south and west as Philadelphia.
It Is hoped tho cold weather of tho
Interior will ho too sovero for these
two ravaging Insects.
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