THE CITIZEN, FRIDAY, JANUARY 3, 1913.
PAGE THREE
ASKS CAPITAL
TO AID FARMERS
Myron T. Herrick Advocates Euro
pean System of Rural Credits,
OPERATION IS HOT INTRICATE
American Agriculturist Spends $250,
000,000 Yearly For Interest, Which
Would Not Be the Case if He Were
Able to Enjoy the Benefits of the
System Life Insurance and Credits.
Myron T. Herrick, United States am
bassador, obtained leave of absence
from big post at Paris mainly to urge
before the rccont convention of the
Association of Life Insurance Presi
dents In New York the adoption of a
financial plan for the relief of the
farmer, who Is now paying about $250,
000,000 In Interest. He told the Insur
ance men that the psychological mo
ment has arrived for the adaptation of
a plan from the European system for
financing rural credits in this country.
In this connection the ambassador sug
gested the creation of a life Insurance
plan to cover the Indebtedness In the
event of the death of the borrower.
"This subject of agricultural cred
its," ho said, "while of great magni
tude, Is really, after all, not intricate.
The ope-ation of the Credit Foncler,
the Landschafton, the Ilaiffelsen and
hundreds of kindred Institutions for
land and personal credit so eminently
successful and beneficial In their re
sults In Europe can be very easily ex
plained. It Is simply an application of
the story of the bundle of sticks tied
together singly, easily broken; togeth
er, able to withstand any pressure.
"Villages, municipalities, cities In
America are really a fungous growth on
the country. They are the natural out
growth of the fertility of the soli.
They are dependent upon it for life,
for existence.
The Credit of the Village.
"The village, in order to maintain
schools, make streets, build waterworks
and lighting plants and other munic
ipal utilities, pledges the united credit
of the municipality, the security ex
tending over long periods. This is done
by aid of legislation, which also pro
vides restrictions as to tho amount of
the loan, etc. In other words, it la a
financial 'setup' created by legislative
authority, and tho result is magical in
Its effect
"As soon ns this security Is created
by uniting tho credit 6f tho municipal
ity It becomes cosmopolitan In Its na
ture. Instead of depending on tho home
market it has become current security
In any money center of tho United
States at a low rate of Interest.
"Were It not for this legal authoriza
tion of the nrrangement It would de
pend on the local market and neces
sarily little or no improvement could
take place, or at least It would be slow,
cumbersomo and expensive. Incon
sistent as it may seem, the result is
that that which is an artificial growth
on the country has a broad and secure
market, while the country tho great
country Itself, which produces and Is re
sponsible for tho existence of the vil
lages and tho municipalities and the
cities has a local and restricted market
and insufficient capital to promote its
legitimate advancement
"Every year tho farmer Is spending
something like $250,000,000 more for In
terest than would be the case If he
were able to enjoy the benefits of this
system. The sum which ho expends in
Interest should be applied to the de
velopment of tho country. It has been
estimated by good authority that he
needs immediately for legitimate de
velopment of tho soil more than 2,000,
000,000. "It only needs the application of the
alert minds of tho Americans to work
out and ndapt these systems, for the
psychological moment has arrived
when It is necessary for It to bo done.
Will Unlock Vast Capital.
"There are largo accumulations of
capital which are now restricted to lo
cal communities for investment, being
permitted to be applied only to munic
ipal bonds and securities of that class,
nside from local loans. When this se
curity Is created nnd put Into the same
category this vast capital will then be
unlocked for this Investment.
"In tho creation of rural securities
I have considered with especial Inter
est the embodiment of a life insurance
plan. It would undoubtedly be of great
value to have tho debenture, or secu
rity, accompanied by such n policy,
which would insure the liquidation of
tho Indebtedness In caso of the death
of the borrower.
"This is tho usual practice whero
land and buildings are mortgaged. A
firo Insurance policy accompanies the
mortgage and becomes n part of tho
bond security. In case of tho maturity
of tho policy by fire tho money Is to
be paid to the holder thereof 'as his in
terest may nppenr.'
"Tho Introduction of tho life Insur
ance policy In agricultural credits Is
undoubtedly a sound economic propo
sition. Furthermore, it would give the
rural community, which Is almost a
virgin field for life Insurance, an un
derstanding of tho value of life Insur
ance. There has Just been created In
Franco a commission to draft a report
on agricultural insurance. This Is Just
along this line. Tho life Insurance
policy would also be nn excellent nc
compaulment for the security of tho
Dersonal credit societies"
SUBURBAN TRUCK
BE A RESULT
Representative Tells How
Farmers' Profits Are
Made Greater.
A CONDITION that allows tho
fjLrmera of tho country to get
but $8,000,000 for what finally
gold to the consumers for about
$13,000,000 is dlroctly attacked by tho
now parcel post service. As to the
raannar In which farm profits aro In
croasod anil price. to consumer re
dueod by tho sorrico, Representative
David J. Lowls of Maryland has given
an lutovostlng rovUw, In part as fol
lows: "Tho mere articulation of tho farm
end couutryslda with tho town and
railways! by tho postal ran will bo of
vory groat social importance. It will
load to a now Industry tho suburban
gurdonur. Ho will bo able to send his
shlptnonts V his patrons direct at cost
of sorrico, and tho economic barrier
of an individual transportation system
Is removed. Four acres nud Independ
ence has been n dream of the past It
In apparont that It may become n fact
through tho postal van. And what a
fact! Shifting tho unwholesome ten
dency of population to tho nickelodeon
civilization of tho cities back to the
country. As tho president has stated,
the high cost of living -was bound up
In thU postal legislation. Two dozen
eggs, a dro3.d fowl, thrco pounds of
butter, a llko amount of country sau
sngo, a country cured ham and a half
bushel of apples sold recently at a farm
near Washington at $2.85, but when
they got to the consumer tho cost was
$5.55. Giro the small shipment its
transportation rights nnd the means
havo been provided by which tho pru
dent and husbanding spirit of the work
ers of our country can glvo themselves
a measure of rollef.
"There Is considerable objection to
the parcel post In this country. It
conies from mon who make their ob
jections with an earnestness and spirit
that should cnuo one to halt nnd con
sider. I moan tho local merchants.
They ask 'Why make tho limit from
four to eleven pounds in weight? Is
not this limit obviously dosigned to be
just largo enough to got his patron
away from him to the mall order house
and yet so small as to exclude tho local
merchant, since ho commonly ships In
larger weights? This objoctlon was
largely ovorcorno with the substitution
of tho zone system for the flat rato
proposition. Tho rates should not cre
ate unnatural markets by Ignoring dis
tance. The flat rato idea represents a
misapplication of tho 'principle of neg
ligible costs' In rato making. It Is
rightly applied to letters, because tho
element of transportation cost with
tliom is less than ono-fourth of tho to
tal cost. But where weight Is Involved
to any extent tho transportation cost
is not negligible, nnd even In the small
est countries, llko Switzerland and Bel-
glum, the ratos recognize distance.
Connects Farmers With Outside
World.
"Some 40,000,000 of our people, the
producers of vital necessaries, live In
tho country, off the railway lines.
Tho express companies, of course, and
the railways, too, havo no means of
reaching this country population. Any
system at all adequate to directly con
nect the producer and consumer, espe
cially with reference to vital necessa
ries, will have to connect tho farmer
with the railways and tho towns.
Only tho postal system possesses tho
agency for that purpose. It possesses
It in the rural free delivery structure,
now almost complote and ready for
adaptation to tho larger service. Wo
aro spending over $40,000,000 on that
service, and It Is waiting, one might
say, with empty wagons to receive and
convey In retail quantities tho neces
saries of life from tho farmer In tho
country to tho hungry mouths that
need them In tho city. Tho express
company, therefore, Is excluded as the
remedy to connect producer and con
sumer for two main reasons Its rates
are prohibitive and Its Instrumentali
ties do not reach tho farm. Tho com
putation of tho outlay tho postofllce
department will havo to make for this
increased sorvlco can only take place
as tho development of tho traffic pro
coeds. Tho simplified and reliable mo
tor truck Is now In sight. No abrupt
chango will tako place, and tho postal
department will gradually adapt the
rural delivery structure to meet the
needs of the traffic ns they become
manifest
"The postal system of the United
States Is certainly the most efficient
agency of Its kind throughout tho
world. I havo divided tho number of
postal employees in England, France
and Qcrmauy Into tho number of mall
pieces bandied each year nnd then
mado a llko division for tho United
States. Tho result shows that for the
year 1008 tho efficiency of tho average
employee in England was 31,117
pieces handled, In Franco 38,241, In
Germauy 25,001 nnd In tho United
States 51,501. Wo certainly havo tho
most efficient postal agoncy to handle
tho small shipments."
Tho now net naturally mado neces
sary big appropriations for equipment
of tho various cities. It Is worthy of note
that Chicago has received attention as
being the most Important parcel post
center In tho country. That city has
received nu apportionment of $15,000
for the rental of automobiles and otli-
TO
POST
OF
Exprcss Companies Must Cut
Rates to Hold Their
Town Business.
er vehicles for the delivery of parcels.
Beyond doubt, Chicago will receive tho
largest volume of business in 'tho new
service of any city. New York, Bos
ton and Philadelphia have received ap
propriations of $10,000 eachfor parcel
delivery.
The Parcel Post "Hospital."
Anothar feature upon which postof
flc department officials aro putting
much thought Is the "parcel post hos
pital," to correspond to the dead letter
office. One example of an office In
London is cited. A clerk had sixty-one
loosa address labels and these wero
the articles which had lost their ad
dresses: Ten geese, nine ducks, six
rabbits, four dolls, six boxos of cigars,
ono tin trumpet, one ostrich feather,
two powder puffs, one toy locomotive,
three Jars of jam, one plum cake, ono
plum pudding, one wheelbarrow, one
seed cake, ono bottle of gin and two
bottles of whisky fifty articles and
slxtyone labels.
All trouble might have been avoided
had the public packed their articles In
telligently. Express Eates to Be Changed.
Tho express companies aro meeting
the rates in effect under tho parcel post
law. They will compete for the par
cels that come within the scope of the
Bourne net. It Is the purpose of the
express people to try to hold their busi
ness In the towns and cities. They
cannot deliver their parcels In the ru
ral districts.
If tho express companies cut their
rates to compete with the parcel post
law, starting with New York as a cen
tral point or basis, the following re
ductions must be made: From 20
cents on a one, two or three pound
package, within fifty miles of New
York, to 5, 8 or 11 cents; from 30 cents
on a four or five pound package to 14
or 17 cents, and from 35 cents on a
six, seven, eight, nine, ten or eleven
pound package to 20, 23, 20, 20, 32 or
35 cents.
Six pounds, about the medium weight
for a parcel, will be carried by tho
postofllce department 50 miles for 20
cents, 100 for 20, 200 or 300 for 32, 400
or 500 or 000 for 38 cents and 1,000
for 44. For tho same service the ex
press companies would charge: Oue
hundred miles for 35 cents, 200 for 45,
300 or -100 miles for 50, 500 miles for
55, COO miles for 00, 700 or 800 or 000
for 70 and 1,000 for 80.
The parcel post package cannot weigh
more than eleven pounds, but ono can
send sixty-six pounds In six packages
fifty miles for $2.20, for which the ex
press companies charge $3.05. A com
parison of aggregates shows that the
express companies charge $51.50 for
what the pnrcel post will charge $33.28.
Tho parcel post rato reduction from
tWi present express charges Is 25.07
per cent.
In order to meet tho competition bet
ter the express companies will Increase
their delivery force and employ the
most modern equipment. The contest
Is to be spirited.
PLAY GIVEN AFTER MIDNIGHT.
Stage Society Outwits Police and Sun
day Law.
Shortly before midnight recently au
tomobiles began to arrive In front of
the Lyceum theater In New York and
discharge men and women In evening
dress. Soon all tho orchestra seats In
tho theater wero occupied, nnd the cus
tain then roso for tbo start of a dra
matic performance.
It was the first production of the
Stage Society of New York, and tho
performance was hold after midnight
because the police had threatened to
arrest all concerned In the play, plan
ned for a week earlier, If It were given
on Sunday. Thero was no pollco Inter
ference, although Inspector Dwyer was
In tho audience nnd tho society had on
hand a city magistrate, who is a mem
ber of the organization, no was said to
be there to accept ball If thero were
any arrests.
Among those who were In the audi
enco wero leaders In tho theatrical pro
fession, in tho operatic field, in arts
and letters nnd society. Tho object of
tho organization Is to produce plays by
new authors and such as might not be
readily accepted for production by the
atrical managers.
Tho members of thq organization
wore Jubilant at tho success of their
venture, nt tho crowded house and tho
presence of so many persons whoso at
tendance meant influence for tho so
ciety. There was a good deal of Jesting
heard at the expense of tho police, nnd
It appealed that tho members felt that
they had outwitted them.
Three ono net plays wero given, and
tho performance, beginning promptly
nt 12:15 n. m., as was promised, lasted
well Into the morning. The hour was a
test of faith in tho principle, but it -was
met pretty well.
Each Has Lifeboat Ticket.
Tho Toyo KIsen ICalsha Steamship
company of Japan has Introduced n
pew feature in tho direction of provid
ing for tho safety of Its passengers.
To each ticket sold Is attached a cou
pon representing a certain seat In a
lifeboat.
CARDE1C
PARCEL
UWE ARE OUR OWN
BETTERS" TREE
Famous Englishman In Speech
Strikes Qui at Snobbery.
SAYS WE REVERE BUTTONS,
Declares Most Pitiable Framo of Mind
Is That Admitting Social Inferiority,
Says Gentleman Is One Who Doesn't
Try to B One.
At tho Hudson theater, In Now York,
Sir Boarbohm Tree talked ou "Our
Betters" to uu audience which was not
only lutorested but interesting. On
tho stage were Viola Allou, Daniel
Frohrunn. Bishop Boyd Carpenter,
Francis Wilson, Edwin Markhani, Dr.
Henry Lelpzlger, A. Barton Hepburn,
Huury Clews, William McAdoo, Dr.
E. It. Gould. Louis K. Anspacher, J.
1. C. Clarke and other well known
men and women.
It was tho first time that most of
the audience had seen the distinguish
ed Englishman In his own undisguised
personality, nud It was apparent thut
they docldedly approved of him In tho
role of himself. Ills commanding fig
ure and erect carriage prepared them
for on personal reference which he
mado In tho course of his lecture.
"In an Interview with me printed
in ono paper," ho said, "tho statement
was made that I am seventy years old.
Well, I think that must be what Is
called being born before one's time."
Sir Bcerbohm's Ideas about our bet
ters wero expressed when he declared
there Is no more pitiable frame of
mind than that shown in the familiar
utterance of thousands of Englishmen,
"God bless tho squire and his rela
tions and keep us in our proper sta
tions." "On that symbol of respectability, the
frock coat, thero are two buttons," he
Bald. "Nobody knows why they are
thero, but no one would dare appear
without them. A reverence for hut
tons Is one of the attributes of our
common humanity. And we put on
our mental clothes, buttons and all,
with the same subservience to custom.
We slug in unison the hymn of respec
tability. And to be respectable is to
bo what other people are. Belug oue
self Is the greatest of luxuries and,
I may add, one of the most expensive.
"Valor In the weak Is always danger
ous, I heard a story the other day of
a mouse that strayed Into a wine col
lar and. coming across a pool of whis
ky, dipped ono foot in and licked It ex
perimentally. " 'Humph!' ho said, 'that's pretty
good!' and forthwith put In two feet,
then all four, then rolled In it, and lick
ed himself all over. After awhile he
reached the point that ho bounded up
tho stairs two at a time, and having
reached the top ho exclaimed: 'Now,
Where's that cat that chased me last
week!'
"People imbibe from their betters
habits of good form they aro never
able to shako off.
"But whnt is n gentleman? Ho is a
man who doesn't care whether he is a
gentleman or not! He is a man whose
courtesy Isn't regulated by his interests.
"I saw in Munich recently an exhi
bition of the cubists and futurists. 1
was quite sure of one picture. It was a
monk shooting wild duck. But 1 wns
told it was tho 'Dawn of Buddhism.
What I took to bo an Egyptian mum
my floating In green pickles was a cab
accident By tho way, I notice that
theso schools always paint their dogs
green with red spots. That's symbolic
of something. I am confident it is.
But I don't know what
"Among our betters are those who
could show us tho right pronunclatiom
of tbo English language. Tho stage
has done a great service in preserving
the langungo of Shakespeare. I wish
there could bo established a standard
of pronunciation for tho English
speaking world. Thero is none now.
Among our Inconsistencies is the drop
ping of the 'g,' which is vulgarity In
the lower classes and a sign of smart
ness in tho upper ones. And, by tho
way, In another local Interview I am
represented as saying 'Fnwncy!' Now,
an Englishman never says that. We
say 'Fancy!' Sny It very often."
Sir Beorbobm summed up by saying
that tho boy scout movement is doing
much to break down artificial social
distinctions. In tho end men's betters
aro themselves.
TRAFFIC RULE FOR WALKERS.
Compelled to Obey Policemen's Whistle
In a Test In Chicago.
Pedestrians in downtowu Chicago
have come under tho sway of the po
liceman s whistle tbo same as vehicles.
The test was mado recently, and tho
scheme may bo extended. Eight po
licamen four mounted and four on
foot were on duty nnd expounded to
pedestrians tho now trafllc ruling.
"One minute, please, ladies and
gents," they would say. "Stand whero
you are for the present on the side
walk. There, don't push out in tho
street that way. Ono moment, thero,
madam; wait for the signal. Pedes
trlans are to bo put under tho same
regulations ns toamsters. Pedestrians
going north or south can pass when
the officer blows ono long blast on his
whlstlo. Two blasts from the whistle
lud east and west trafllc goes through.
There's your signal, people. Learn to
recognize it. Al( right; step lively
now."
fifl'''' fjfiSTOItIA
Bill w For Infants and Children.
Hi f USTOHU e You "ave
Isi Blb Always Bought
IMfl ALCOHOL 3 PER CENT.
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SW rassanilLossOFSLEEP. 8 WwUl
Thirty Years
Exact Copy of Wrapper. thi ointau company, new von city.
Bne
win
HONESDALE, PA.
171 41 YEARS
BECAUSE we have been transacting a SUCCESSFUL
banking business CONTINUOUSLY since 1871
and are prepared and qualified to renderVALU
ABLE SERVICE to our customers.
BECAUSE of our HONORABLE RECORD for FORTY-
ONE years.
BECAUSE of SECURITY
CAPITAL and
8 BECAUSE of our TOTAL
BECAUSE GOOD MANAGEMENT has mado us tho
LEADING FINANCIAL INSTITUTION of
Wayne county.
TJT7,1 A TTQH! P flioon vnn onno urn rurft i an f 1 ir n air vnn r
OFFICERS :
W. 15. HOLMES, PRESIDENT. II. S. SAMION, Cosliier.
A. T. SEARLE, Vice-President. W. J. WARD, Asst. Cashier
DIRECTORS ;
H. J. CONGER,
W. B. HOLMES,
C. J. SMITH,
H. S. SALMON.
T.'B. CLARK.
E. W. GAMMELL
W. P. SUYDAM,
mmm
" I I
7 UJ WXri A.fiA'Z&r
Advertise in THE CITIZEN
TRY A CENT-A-WORO
County
fin EUcirtlc
OF SUCCESS 1912
guaranteed by our LARGE
SURPLUS of $550,000 00.
ASSETS of $3,000,000.00.
COURTEOUS treatment to all CUSTOMERS
whether their account is LARGE or SMALL.
'INTEREST allowed from the FIRST of ANY
MONTH on Deposits made on or before the
TENTH of the mouth.
J. W. PARLEY,
P. P. KIMBLE.
A. T. SEARLE,
. inATT o nnimrn
Minn 06 uurcutn
HONESDALE, PA.
Rearesent Reliable
Cnmoanies ONLY