PAGE FOUR THE CITIZEN, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST ax, 1912. THE) CITIZKN Scml-Weckly rounded 108; Weekly Founded 1811. Published Wednesdays and Fridays by Entered ns second-class matter, at tho postofflco, Honesdalc, Pa. B. D. HARDENBERGH PRESIDENT H. C. VAN ALSTYNE and E. D. CALLAWAY MANAGING EDITORS DIRECTORS ! II. WILSON, 11 DonmNorn. M. P. ALLEN. Our friends who favor us Kith contributions, and desire to have the same re anted, ihould in every case enclose stumps for that purpose. " " TERMS: ONE YEAR fl.GO THREE MONTHS 3Sc SIX MONTHS 75 ONE MONTH . . . ;.13c Remit by Express Money Order, Draft, Postofflco Order or Registered letter. Address all communications to Tho Citizen, No. S03 Main street, Honesdale, Pa. . All notices of shows, or other entertainments held for tho purposo 01 making money or any items that contain advertising matter, will only bo admitted to this paper on payment of regular advertising rates. Notices of entertainments for tho benefit of churches or for charltablo purposes where a fee is charged, will be published at half rates. Cards of thanks, 50 cents, memorial poetry and resolutions of respect will be charged for at the rnte of a cent a word. Advertising rates on application. WEDNESDAY", AFGVST 111, 11112. REPUBLICAN TICKET. For President, WILLIAM H. TAFT. Vice-President. JAMES S. SHERMAN. State Treasurer, ROBERT K. YOUNG. Auditor General, A. W. POWELL. CongTessmen-at-Large, FRED E. LEWIS, JOHN M. MORIN, ARTHUR R. RUPLEY, ANDERSON H. WALTERS. District Congressman, W. D. B. AINEY. Representative, H. C. JACKSON. THOUGHT FOR TO-DAY. Balance your living accounts each day. and happy you if you find the credit on the side of being instead of having. OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE FARM ER HOY". Charles Dudley Warner has said " that everybody ought to be born in a little red farmhouse with a stone wall around It." Now we don't be lieve It makes any difference wheth er or not that farmhouse has a stone wall around it, or whether its color be red or white or green, ibut we do say that the boy born on the farm is born in the realm of oppor tunity. Joslah Strong also said that "were he to be born again, and were Providence to permit him the choice of a place of birth, he would say, By all means, let it be on a farm." More opportunities offer them selves to the young people on the farm than to any other class of young people. Our city cousins may laugh at us, but let them laugh; it is only because they don't know a "good thing when they see It." THE STATE AND COUNTY COM MITTEEMEN. While the demand is general among Republicans for the with drawal from the Republican elec toral ticket of candidates for the of fice of presidential elector who are opposed to President Taft, the atti tude of Roosevelt members of the Republican state and county commit tees should not pass unnoticed. These committees were named b the recent Republican state conven tion which was in complete control of the Progressives, and are known to contain the names of many men who are ardent supporters of Col. Roosevelt and his candidacy. It should bo perfectly plain to these committeemen that they are In prac tically the same position as t'ae Roosevelt candidates for the offlce of presidential elector on the Repub lican ticket, and that, in order to.be consistent and honest they should at once withdraw. It Is tho duty of the Republican state and county com mittees to conduct the campaign for the election of the Republican can didates for president and vice-president. Any committee member who cannot conscientiously, whole-heartedly and without reserve work to ward this end has no proper place on tho committee and no moral right to remain on it. In justice to him self and to his own character he should not permit himself to occupy so equivocal a position. To hold a commission as an olllcer in an army while either secretly plotting or openly working to assist the enemy, is a position which every honest man will seek to avoid. The Republicans of this state want a square deal. They do not question the right of any man to sever his relations with his party or to join a new party and work for it If he so desires, but they do demand that there shall be no treachery among their own officers or in the ranks. A LOST OPPORTUNITY. Col. Roosevelt In his "confession of faith" and in his Chicago platform very effectively punctures tho Demo cratic fallacy of free trade. Follow Ing tho Republican platform plank on tho subject, and President Taffs strong denunciation of tho "tariff for revenue only" doctrine, It places tho chief policy of tho Democratic party very much on tho defensive. Unless tho Progressive party should collapse before tho campaign closes, by rea' the Citizen Publishing Company. E. Ft. IIAKtlKXnERGIt W. W. WOOD son of the weight of its own particu lar fallacies, It may be of consider able assistance in carrying on the educational campaign against the free trade heresy. The weak at tempt of the Democratic party at Bal timore to steal the Progressive thunder prior to the Chicago Roose velt convention, caused the Pro gressive guns to be trained princl nally on Democratic policies. While Republicans are denounced briefly as thieves and robbers, Democrats are characterized at great length as lacking In those essential elements which distinguish the wise man from the fool. For such assistance, therefore, as the new party can render In the fight for reasonable protection of our American industries, we should all be truly grateful. Yet what a pity it is that instead of dividing the protective forces of the coun try and putting in jeopardy the prosperity and happiness of the great bulk of our citizens, Col Roosevelt should not have seen fit to lay aside his personal ambition and personal vindictiveness, and lend his unquestioned energy and ability to the Republican party in its continued and Increased busi ness prosperity. As it is, he has split the only party that stands be tween the American people and business disaster with Its attendant losses to the wage earner as well as the business man, and has jeopardiz ed the prosperity of the country; and all this on tho sole issue that the Republican convention refused to seat his delegates, thereby de prlving him of the Republican pres idential nomination. Col. Roosevelt has lost an opportunity which will never return to him, to be of real service to his country. PRESIDENT TAFT'S OPINION, President Taft said on Friday o last week to the members of the Maryland Republican Association who called on him in a body at the White House: " If there are any men on that list (of presidential electors) who are not going to vote for the men at the neaa oi tnai ucxei, i don't hesitate to say that they are dishonest men, in that they are hold ing out to the people who are to vote for them implied promise that they will vote for the names on tho ticket when they in fact Intend to vote for somebody else." This is exactly tho position taken by Tho Citizen Immediately after the close of the Republican national con vetnion. President Taffs language applies with peculiar force to those candidates for the offlce of presiden tial elector in Pennsylvania who still remain on the Republican ticket while openly supporting the candi date of tho Progressive party for President. It is Impossible to un derstand how these men, If they pro pose to remain on the ticket, can rec oncile their attltudo with tho plain est principles of political honesty. H Is asido from the marl: to say that President Taft's nomination was stolen and that he is not entitled to receive Republican votes. It Is not President Taft's fortunes with which these men are juggling so much as It Is the constitutional right of more than half a million Republican vo ters of 'Pennsylvania to express their will at the polls and have that will, so expressed, recorded In tho elector al college. 'President Taft is quite right when ho characterizes as dis honest the attltudo of a candidate for elector who will permit his name to stand In tho Taft and Sherman column on the ballot, while ho in tends, if elected, to cast his vote in tho electoral college for someone else. ORGANIZE AT ONCE. Why should there bo any further delay on tho part of tho Republi cans of Pennsylvania in organizing for tho re-election of President Taft? It Is now practically two months since tho Republican national nomi nations were made; tho election will occur within tho next threo months. Thoro Is no tlmo to bo lost. Tho Republicans of tho State are confronted by an unprecedented sit uation. There should bo no delay in meeting It. It 13 not a question of Penroso on one side and Fllnn on the other. Mr. Flinn Is no longer a Republican, and can have no authority to speak In , the Republican name. Ho can and must be treated as the common , enemy of the party ns any Demo- crat Is seek ng as ho and nil Roose- velt supporters do the party s de- feat and destruction. Tho State Committee masquerading as Repub-, llcnn s rniistltntnd n tH mnlnrltv nf , One should bo created at once, one that shall have the recognition and co-operation of tho National Commit tee. It is futile, if not fatal, to wait until the contemplated change in tho electoral ticket has been completed. That will be delayed by the enemies of the party as long as possible with the purpose of cnuslng further em barrassment. Immediate organiza tion of the Republican forces would greatly promote prompt and neces sary action that will assure voters of an electoral ticket whose integrity all can have confidence In. Hundreds of thousands of alw.ivn ' loyal Pennsylvania Republicans, to gether with many, many thousands who supported Roosevelt at the pri maries but who cannot follow him now that he Is no longer a Republi can, aro impatient for organization and leadership, for action that will give confidence and strength to the Republican cause Delay encourages doubt and costs 1 confidence. There should be immcdl-1 ate action. Philadelphia Press. I ROOSEVELT1AN FACTS. Theoodre Roosevelt was elected President in 1904, and served four years. His administration cost the people of this country three billion, live hundred and twenty-two million, nine hundred and eighty-two thous and, eight hundred and sixteen dol lars and ninety-seven cents ($3,- 522,9S2,S1G.97). This is twice as much as the combined administra tions of Washington, Adams, Jeffer son, Madison, Monroe. John Qulnceyi Adams, Van Buren, Harrison, Tyler Polk, Taylor, Fillmore, Pierce and Buchanan. His two administrations were the most extravagant In the history of the United States and was the main cause of the people electing a Democratic Congress. His two administrations cost the people of this country approximately seven billion, seven hundred and forty mil lion dollars (?7, 740,000, 000). This Is more than double the appropria tion for the four years of the Civil War. Just think of it, Mr. Voter, these are llgures from the govern ment record and cannot be disputed. Just jog your memory and you will recall the fact that the cost of living began to increase during Roosevelt's term as President, and it has gained such a momentum that no legisla tion has been able to step it increas ing. If the Bull Moose and Trust Creator Perkins get another chance at the National Treasury what will become of the taxpayers? Can we afford the luxury of another term for this man who believes he is greater than Washington or Jeffer son? NEGRO BISHOPS LEAVE T. It. W. B. Derrick Says That He AVIII Support Taft. Bishop William B. Derrick, of the African Methodist church, and a pow er among the colored voters of the United States, has announced that he was going to vote for William H. Taft for President, as against his former friend, Theodore Roosevelt. He gave It as his opinion that Taft would win. Bishop Derrick's home is in No. 3C State street, Flushing, and at the time of his Interview recently he was preparing for a trip of three weeks to Boston and Nova Scotia. He had just returned from a trip through Michigan and West Virginia. In an swer to a question he said: " I am going to vote for President William H. Taft." Continuing, he said that when Roosevelt returned from his African hunting trip he was the man of the hour. " But he has deliberately turned his back on the colored people of America," said the Bishop. " Ho lost his friends when he turned down the Republican party. His declaration that tho negro can have no voice in his party will loso him many votes." DEATH OF W.M. C. FISCHER. Ho Wrote "I Love to Tell tiio Story" mill Other Hymns. William Gustave Fischer, known throughout the world wherever tho Christian religion is to be found for his hymns, died Tuesday night at his home, 209 North Thirty-sixth street, Philadelphia, after a brief Illness. The best known of tho more than 200 hymns which Mr. Fischer com- posed Is "I Love to Tell the Story." Another hymn known to every Sun- day school child In this country Is those who are traitors to the Rcpub-, .Mir nnci . iue. w o n uccu w, "a " "t, " 0ak Knob llcan cause, with some i protended , for some e. is able to sit up . manager, supporters of the Republican Presi- D. K. Iladsali, of Jersey Utj, b . . m .. dcntlal nominee who are not unjust- Joined his wife here yesterday. Mrs. SCni n n woo,U ly regarded as traitors in the camp. lIuM . has hero wee 8. Jhe l.tta r place ha g jood ?.rc. ! ? "0P Lb"" rB'za-!UoiJe,r,rly. ?"m"?,8n no water attraction only that at- "Whiter than Snow." Other hymns I told who tho time piece belonged to which aro favorites and appear in j and the gentleman promptly sent most of the hymn books are, "I Am I It back to Mr. Baehrer. Mr. Baehrer Trusting Lord, in Thee," and "A I had slipped tho watch past his pock Little Talk With Jesus." ! et instead of into it. Mrs. Fischer was well known Marvin N. Brigham will be tho in among religious bodies In this coun- structor in tho Tyler Hill school the try, and wherever he appeared he was singled out for honor, in tho famous Mody and Sankey religious meetings held In tho old freight depot which occupied the site of tho present Wanamakor store, Mr. Fischer directed tho chorus, which was of more than 1,000 voices. Ho delighted In telling of this chorus and of tho work ho accomplished with it. 'TIM LINOTYPE WAY IS THE ONLY WAY." Tho Towanda Daily Review, ono of tho best dallies published in a town of 3,000 population, has just passed its 34th year. It celebrated tho event by installing a new No. 8 model linotypo direct from tho fac tory. Brother Doano Is an up-to-dato newspaper man, and knows Just how to do tho right thing at tho right time. May success con tinue to follow tho Review. MARRIAGE LICENSES. Glenn R. Bennett Clifford Leu II. Hasbrook Clifford George P. Knapp. . . .Norwich, N. Y. Gladys B. Hawley Lookout ni"l MlAnn WAIICV finillPP UtLAWAUt VALLtl UUlNUO ,,,, .(ll.iusril,,ls ivimeil for Peru Mll an(1 .Ci-Mliinls to Plon-e (i,0 ivonlc , , ' !,, . bpeciai to Tiio Citizen.) Damascus, auk. much needed and extensive repairs on their church ediilce. The front of the basement will be mostly glass when completed. Miss Korna Keesler, of Canas tota, N. Y'., and brother, Donald, are visiting at the home of their grand parents, Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Keesler. Miss Lillic Appley, matron in charity home In Mount Clair, N. J., Is here at the home of her brother, Aniasa. She Is accompanied by one of the boys of the institution. The children are kept at that institution until the age of fourteen, then they are placed In good families. Both sex are received but kept in separate wards. C. H. Valentine, undertaker, has everything neat and clean around his establishment Auto owners oucht to accumulate i some of the "lilthy" at the rate of $1 an hour toting joy riders. A. V. Tyler has another new branch of employment. It is col- lecting beech branches to a firm in Brooklyn, N. Y. They are used for I decorating purposes. The branches and leaves are subjected to a treat ment and the leaves dyed the desir ed shade needed for any particular use to which they may be put. The branchos are cut from threo to six feet as desired and carefully packed In crates and shipped In this man ner. Mr. Tyler says these crates get badly smashed when sent by local freight and hereafter he will ship only in car lots. He has been ship ping rhododendron plants for sev eral years on an extensive scale. The Bischoff Bros, are trying a piece of alfalfa. They have their house full of boarders the entire sea son through. Five new arrivals are booked for Monday of this week, They never advertise, well-pleased patrons send others. Royal J. Gregg, wife and two chil dren, of Providence, R. I., are at the home of Mr. Gregg's parents, W. A. Gregg and wife. Mrs. R. J. Gregg made an extended visit with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. D. M. Benja min, of Union, N. Y. They intend to remain here two weeks. The people of Damascus township ought to give their poormasters, Messrs. J. M. Pollock and N. P. Den nis, for the careful and judicial ful fillment of their duties. It certainly must be gratifying to the taxpayers to know that they have no poor tax to pay this year, an occurrence that many of them have never before, Some from this section intend to see the grand celebration to take place at the "county seat" next week Earl Barnes visited his father, W J. Barnes, of Honesdale, last week The genial face and portly form of our popular and efficient sheriff, F. C. Kimble, was seen in several places in Damascus last week. There is game out here and our wide awake officials have an eye on it That is what we have them for. A brother of the Blschoff's recent ly visited them. He motored here from Baltimore, Md., in a Ford car, the machine registering 800 miles, and everything and machinery of the car working like clock work. He made the entire trip without acci dent or incident. A pick-up nine went from here last Thursday to cross bats with the Long Eddy nine. We have not learned what the score was. Newton Cornish, who for many years was the foreman In E. Beach & Sons', Rock Glen Stamp tannery, at Milanville, is now here looking up what few of his old friends and acquaintances are still left this side of the Great Divide. His wife who was Carrie, a daughter of tho late Clinton Skinner. The home of Mr. Cornish has been In Orlando, Flori da, for several years. While Geo. C. Abraham and wife were south a year ago, they visited this couplo at their southern home. He must llnd that during his absence of a quarter of a century tho ravages of Time must be great. The old tan nery with which he was once so familiar in all its parts, has long since been razed apd an acid factory erected near the same old spot. Long ranks of cord wood supplants the huge stacks of hemlock bark, old faces have disappeared, old land marks have been effaced. Relatives from Connecticut aro visiting at the home of W. L. Jack son. Henry Baehrer recently lost his watch. It was picked up between I M , L. r. Baehrer's harness shop and T. Pethick's blacksmith shop, by a traveling man on his way to Milan ville. A 'phone message sent ahead coining school year. Mr. Brigham holds a state ccrtiticate and has been in tho profession for many years. John S. Mosher Is entertaining a sister and sister-in-law from tho west. Mrs. Ernest Lawton of Central ! New York state, and family, are I visiting relatives In these parts. Mr. Lawton was formerly pastor of the Baptist church of this place. ! Our uoigiiDors across tho river are to celebrate tho centennial of their church on Thursday, tho 22d inst. Rov. Thoron Brlttnin, who was tho pastor of that church for a long per iod of years, will read tho history of the church during tho past cen tury. Fred Price had a horso injured, he says, about two months ago while hauling lumber from Dod son's mill at Skinner's Falls, and lays tho blamo to tho condition of tho road. Tho animal is still dis abled but Is on tho gain. Mrs. L. A. Mitchell and family, of Hornells. N. Y aro visiting Mrs. Mitchell's father, Tobias Smith, and other relatives here. Nelson Alfast recently delivered 1 ten of his herd of dairy cows to Coihecton to be shipped to a party in Orange county, N. Y. 1 Will Balkeom and wife, of Port 1 Jervls, N. Y., arc making their an- nunl visit with L. A. Brush, Mrs. Dolkcom's former home. The Reaver mm House, James by the Delaware. This house ia on a high knoll or rise of ground sur rounded by tho forest, hence the name. It Is too bad that so attrac tive a placo as Laurel Lake should remain closed for lack of enterprise. There Is capital enough lying loose in Honesdale and brains to back it, to tako hold of such a thing and push It to their own advantage and the accommodation of others. DEATH OF CORNELIA BEETZ One of the most sad and sudden deaths that wo have been called up on to report occurred on Thursday afternoon of last week, when Miss Cornelia Beetz of Ridge street passed 'Suddenly and quietly away in Dr. I Reed Burns' hospital, Scranton, i where she had gone for an operation for varicose veins. Miss Beetz had apparently recovered from the opera tion and had Intended to return home on Friday or Saturday, follow ing the day she was called to her Heavenly Home. Miss Beetz was reading a letter from a little nephew when she suddenly expired. Death being due to a weak heart. The announcement of Miss Beetz's demise shocked her many Honesdale relatives and friends, who were look ing forward with much pleasure to her return home, she having written a letter to tnat enect oniy tne ciay before. But her Master had need of her and He beckoned unto her and she went to the Heavenly Home instead. Her life was full of sun shine and her Christian character will never be forgotten. Truly her life was the reflection of her gentle Master's, she having done all the good sho could to whom she could and whenever she could. Her dis position was sweet and her life pure. Miss Beetz was a favorite among young people, who deeply mourn their loss. The deceased was a great help in the Lutheran church of which she had been a member several years. She belonged to the Young People's Society and was an ardent worker in her Master's vineyard. Whenever church and other organi zations had home talent plays or en tertainments, Miss Beetz took lead ing parts. She was especially adapt ed to this line of work and always received a hearty applause when ever she came before the public. Her last appearance on the stage was in "She Stoops to Conquer," when she took the part of the "Maid," given under the auspices of tho Y'oung Men's Hebrew Association. Miss Beetz was born in Honesdale 43 years ago, and was a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Beetz. Besides her father, one sister, Mrs. Philip Dlrlam, both of Cherry Ridge, and one brother, John, of Honesdale, sur vive. Miss Beetz kept house for her brother on Ridge street, where about a year ago they completed building a line modern home. She will be greatly missed in the home, by the neighbors and also by a large con course of loving and admiring friends. The funeral of our departed sister was held at St. John's Lutheran church, Sunday afternoon at 2 o'clock, a prayer having been made at the house at 1:30 by her pastor, Rev. C. C. iMiller, before the cortege went to the church. The Young Peo ple's Society and Gravity Improve ment association attended In bodies. The sermon, delivered by her late pastor, was very Impressive. Tho floral contributions wero many and beautiful. Miss Beetz's remains were tenderly carried to the grave In St. John's Lutheran cemetery by I. A. Hartman, W. J. Haggerty. Louis Korb, Nicholas Stegner, John Pohlo and George Ripple, members of the Y. P. S. JOHN CROSBY Dwler In Fancy Teas, Coll'ccs, Groceries and Provisions. Fancy Corn, ii cans 23 Fancy Tomatoes, 2 cans 21 Potatoes, pk 33 :l I'kus. Post Toasties 25 1 pks. Corn Stnreli 23 Fruits and Vegetables of nil kinds. Waldorf-Astoria Coffee, Special Blends. 512 South Main Street . f - 1 .1 . I 4 1. a lonc-dlstnnce view of It Pays To Buy a Good Silo The llrst silos sold In Wayne county were Harder Silos. They aro still in use and in good condition. Other silos hae given various degrees of satisfaction but the Harder suits everyone. If it pays to have a silo It is surely proiltablo to buy tho best. Harder silos cost a little moro than common silos but when you erect ono you havo mado a permanent improvement. A silo must bo perfect to save your ensilago properly. A slight defect may cause a large loss. Do not take chances. Buy a Harder and bo euro. MURRAY CO. Everything for the Farm. Honesdale, Pa. ECZEMA? TRY ZEMO Hni Cured Worst discs and You Can Prove It for Ouly 23 Cents. Yes, try Zemo. That's all you need do to got rid of tho worst caso of eczema. You tako no chance, It Is no experiment. Zemo ia posi tively guaranteed to stop itching, rash, raw, bleeding eczema, make a pimpled faco smooth and clean. Zemo is a wonder and the minuto applied it sinks In, vanishes, leaves no evidence, doesn't stick, no grease, Just a pure, clean, wonderful liquid and it cures. This la guaranteed Zemo Is put up by the E. W. Roso Medicine Co., St. Louis, Mo., and sold by all druggists at $1 for tho largo bottlo and at 25 cents for tho liberal size trial bottle. Try ono 25 cent bottle and bo convinced. Sold in Honesdale by A. M. Lclne. ni.VPOUNI) MAN TAKES BRIDE WEIGHING 030. Alderman OfliciuthiK at Ceremony Tips Bciiiu at HOO. New York, Aug. 19. A 133-pound printer, who doesn't stand more than 5 feet 3 in. In his stocking feet, took to himself C50 pounds weigh 'em, 650 of brido to-day. The colossal knot was tied on tho groaning floring of Borough Hall, Brooklyn, after a cracking, wheezing taxlcab had brought the blushing couple thither. Miss Alpine Blitch, who gets a sal ary down at Coney Island for letting the public marvel at her stupendous ness, was the bride, and Louis H. Aiken, of Springfield, Mass., was tho printer who won her. The best man was Alderman Jas. Martyn. He was also tho man for the place, for he tips the beam at an even 300 pounds. As the bride and bridegroom start ed for their taxicab photographers advanced. Aiken flung up his hat to cover the bride's face, but, alas, it was not large enough! MANUAL LABOR IS HONORABLE. The trouble with most young men Is that they do not understand tho dignity of manual labor. They do not realize honors and fortune may toe more readily gained outside tho so-called learned professions than in them; and that it is just as honor able to swing a hammer or to hold a plow as it is to make a speech in court or amputate a limb. The young men should be taught as early as possible that It is not so much what a man does for a living as how he does It. and that manual labor Is as honorable as any other. Mr. and Mrs. Fred Davis, of Ros lyn, N. Y, are being entertained by the latter's parents, Mr. and Mrs. W. W. Baker on East Street Extension. Sour Stomach Gas and Heartburn Stopped in Five Minutes. Get rid of Indigestion. Or dyspepsia, or whatever you call your stomach misery. Drive out tho sourness. Lift off the heaviness. Stop tho fermentation of food. Banish gas, heartburn, foul breath, dizziness, headaches, nerv ousness, nightsweats and bad dreams forever. Get a 50 cent box of MI-O-XA tab lets at Pell's, the druggist, to-day. Ho guarantees them for any of tho diseases named above or for any, stomach distress. No better prescription for Indiges tion was ever written. MI-O-NA makes the stomach vig orous and strong enough to digest food without aid. For salo by Pell, tho druggist, and druggists every where. oooooooooooooooooooooooooo i A LIGHTNING FLASH May destroy the sav ings of years. The most ! careful person is not exempt. Insure your Life & Property with Bentley Bros. Fire, Life, Accident, Automobile, Boiler INSURANCE X Office uH Post otllce llunesdiiu- I'a. ? lonsolulated Pbune 1-9-1