PAGE TWO
THE CITIZEN, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 5, 1912.
EF
Joseph L Baldwin Gets the
$5,000 a Year Job.
FIRST INCUMBENT OF OFFICE.
New Marshal's Offics Will Bo Attached
to State Insurance Department,
Which Is Now Working Under
the Insurance Laws of
Pennsylvania.
Harrlshurp, Pn May 30. Joseph L.
Baldwin, formerly MHslntant director
of Uic department of mbllc health
mid charities of Philadelphia, was ap
pointed first state tire marshal of 1'cnit
sylvnnla under the terms of the act
of 1011. The olllee. pays n salary of
$u,000 n year, and the uew marshal
will serve for four years, his present
term being until the end of the senate,
which will act upon the appointment
next winter.
Tho appointment of the stato lire
marxluil, the last of the important new
othciw created hy tlw last legislature of
1011 to be tunned, establishes In I'enn.
eylriuila a branch of government which
has boen urged by Insurance, inannfne
turlm; and other lntenvt for years.
Tho department will bo orpinlr.od
along tiie lines of those which have
been so sueewwful In Ohio, New York
niKl other states.
Duties of Office.
The new marshal's olllce will be at
tached to the state Insurance depart
ment, which is now working under
new rntmrnuee laws passed at the ses
sion at 1011 and pronounced one of the
beat codes of Insurance laws of any
statu In the Union.
Under the act be Is empowered to In
vestleiite "tho cause, origin and eir
cumtiuicot of every Are occurring In
thin fctato" with sicclal reference as to
whether It was started through dctrigu
or carek'KsneKS. Every Are must bo re
ported to him within ten days after It
occur?, mid ttio reports must ghre the
facta us to origin, when known; the
damage and the insurance, and If sus
picious circumstance are attached,
they must be noted. In making In
vi,tlg:Uofl8 the lire marshal, or such
assistants us ho designates, have au
thority to enter ail premises and to
subiweua witnesses, while he is alno
giren the ahlstance of tlio dlstrk-t at
torney and tlie emirts In obtaining In
formation ns to fires.
ENGINEMEN ElfDEHG SESSIONS
Convention Takes Recess to Hear
Colonel Roosevelt.
Horrlbbtirg, Pa., May 30. Grand ofll
cers of ttve Hrotberhood of Locomo
tlTo Efctginecrs are shairfng things so
thtit the convention, wlilch has been In
BCwnkxi here since tlie middle of Jlay,
can be dosed Friday night or Saturday
at noon. Tlie business Is practically
out of the way and today the conven
tion took a recess and the delegates
went to Gettysburg to hear Colonel
Roosevelt, who made an address to
them.
Tho most Important work to bo done
by tixs engluemen will be action on the
proposition to have the brotherhood
pay directly from tlie general fund the
delegates for attendance at tlie conven
tion. They are now paid ?S a day
and expenses by the divisions they rep
resent. This change Is being urged be
cause tlie economy that will be effected
through the selection of Cleveland as
tho permanent convention place. The
present convention has run very high
in eoht, and it is estimated that over
$250,000 has already been spent.
PAWNED SHOES TO BUY POISON.
Was Ono of Two Men Who Committed
Suicide In Philadelphia.
Philadelphia, May 30. Two men
committed suicide In this city recently,
while u third, Thomas Ulbby, thirty
one years old, was prevented by his
wife, who had him quickly taken to
the Krankford hospital. At the hos
pital It was said that he would re
cover. Hlbby's attempt at suicide was be
cause his wife refused to become rec
onciled to him. It Is said. lie went to
a stable and drank a quantity of joi
sou. There his wife found him uncon
scious and IihiI him hurried to the
Frankford hospital.
Alexander McClelland, sixty-three
old, pawned his shoos for money to
buy whisky and poison. He then went
to his home and told his daughter he
was going to kill himself. She did
not believe him. An hour later she
found him In the cellar In n critical
condition. lie was taken to the Epis
copal hospital, where he died.
BOLT HITS TRAIN; ONE KILLED
Lightning Overturns Car, Injuring
Four.
Philadelphia, May 30. Struck by
Hghtnlug, tho locomotive of a Balti
more and Ohio freight train left the
tracks in tlie extreme southern section
of this city, overturned aud crushed
the conductor, Daniel Edwards, to
death.
Thomas McCullcn, the engine driver,
probably was fatally burned, and three
other trainmen wero seriously Injured.
The twenty-one cars, loaded with
merchandise, buckled, und several were
badly smashed.
Tristate League.
At York Hurrlsburg, 7; York, 0.
AH other games postponed; rain.
Fl
NAMED
THE ARCHBALD
IMPEACHMENTS
Only Eight Trials Have Been
Had Since the Adoption
I of the Constitution.
IF tho houso of representatives de
cides to Impeach .ludge Hobcrt V.
Archbald of the federal court of
commerce It will be tho ninth time
In the century aud a quarter since the
adoption of tlie constitution that this
procedure against a civil olllcer of the
national government has been Institut
ed. Of the eight impeachments that
have been begun only two have result
ed In convictions, Both of those found
guilty were Judges of tho federal dis
trict court. Of those who failed of
conviction ono was a chief executive
of tho nation, ono a secretary of war.
ono a Justice of the United States su
preme court and two district court
Judges.
The eight Impeachments of federal
ofllrlals, which have been considered
by tho United States senate aro as fol
lows: William Blount, United States sena
tor, 1707-98. no trial, lack of Jurisdic
tion. John Pickering, United States dis
trict Judge. 1S03-O1. tried, found guilty
and removed from olllce.
Samuel Chase, associate Justice of
the United States supreme court. ISOl
03, tried and acquitted.
.Tames Peck. United States district
Judge, 1820-30. tried and acquitted.
West II. Humphreys, United States
district Judge, 1SG2, tried, found guilty
and removed from office.
Andrew Johnson, president, 1S0S.
tried and acquitted.
W. W. Belknap, secretary of war,
187G. tried, failed of conviction on
ground of lack of Jurisdiction.
Charles Swayno, United States dis
trict Judge. 1005. tried and acquitted.
Two Greatest Cases.
The two greatest Impeachment trials
of American history, those of Justice
Chase and President Johnson, must
both be considered In reality political
trials. There Is no question that both
originated In political differences and
that In loth tho result, had either leon
convicted, would have been largely po
litical in 1POI tho partisan bitterness
I "tween the old lino Federalists and
tho Itepublicans the old nnti-Fedcral-IsN
was at white heat
Samuel Chase, who was a signer of
the Declaration of Independence, had
won wide renown as a lawyer before
ho became chief Justice of the criminal
court in Maryland, from which, in
1700, he had been transferred by
Washington to the United States su
preme court as an associate Justice.
Although as deeply learned in the law
as any member of the court save Mar
shall and entirely above reproach, so
far as his personal Integrity was con
cerned, Chase was temperamentally
better fitted by reason of his overbear
ing manner and Irascibility to be a
prosecuting attorney than a Judge.
Ills intimate friendship with Washing
ton and his uncompromising adherence
to federal principles aroused the wrath
of tho Republican leaders In congress
and marked him as an object of their
attack.
Justice Chase's Trial.
John Randolph of Roanoke took the
lead against Justice Chase, and It was
largely through his influence and en
ergy that tho house of representatives
in 1804 presented articles of Impeach
ment against him.
Chase's trial before tho senate fur
nished ono of the most dramatic epi
sodes seen up to that time in the halls
of congress. It attracted the atten
tion of the entire nation. The benches
assigned to the senators, the Jury in
tho case, were draped with crimson.
To nccommodate tho women, who at
tended in large numbers, a new gal
lery was fitted up with separata boxes
for the "ladles of the administration
circle." Maryland friends of the ac
cused justice thronged to the capltol
In such largo numbers that they could
not nil bo accommodated. Vice Presl
dent Burr presided with a dignity anil
Impartiality which won general praise
The venerable Justice took his seat In
the center of the seuate chamber In
front of the presiding officer. He was
defended by n coterlo of brilliant law
yers. At the conclusion of tho arguments
the senate voted to acquit on five of
tho eight articles In tho charges. But
even on the three remaining articles
tho -oto fell considerably short of the
necessary two-thirds majority required
to sustain a vote of impeachment.
Justice Chase continued to sit on the
bench of tho supreme court undisturb
ed by further attacks until his death
In 1811.
Trial of President Johnson.
Tho Impeachment trial of President
Andrew Johnson is tho most famous,
both because of the questions involved
and because of tho personality nud
official position of tho accused. It fol
lowed as tho culmination of a two aud
a half year strugglo between congress
and tho chief exccutlvo over recon
struction measures and policies. The
crisis was precipitated by tho action
of congress iu passing tho tenure of
offlco act over the president's veto and
by Its subsequent course In upholding
Edwin M. Stanton, secretary of war,
CASE RECALLS
OF PAST
-!.. r... nf I i- n-it.
Ulliy IWU UUIUlUcUIlS, DUUI O
Federal Judges, Have $
Been Convicted.
In his refusal to resign his portfolio at
Johnson's demand.
On Fob. 21, 1SGS, the house of repre
sentatives by a vote of 120 to 47 de
cided to impeach the president. The
managers selected by the house, most
of them radical anti-Johnson men. In
cluded Benjamin F. Butler, Thaddcus
Stevens, Georgo S. Boutwoll and John
A. Logon. The formal Impeachment,
consisting of eleveu soparato articles,
was laid before the senate on March 5,
Of the charges those embodied In the
second and third articles, dealing with
Stanton's removal and the appoint
ment of his successor, and the elev
enth, which charged the president with
publicly holding that tho Thirty-ninth
congress was an unlawful body, were
considered most Important.
His trial opened on March 30, John
son being represented by a coterie of
able lawyors, among whom were B. R.
Curtis, later an associate Justice of
tho supremo court; William M. Evarts
and Henry Stanbcrry. Chief Justice
Chase presided and did his best to pre
vent tho unfair action of the senate in
regard to tho admission of evidence,
which was disclosed as the trial pro
ceeded. The proof was all In by April
22, and after a long and able summing
up tho vote wns taken on May 10.
There wero fifty-four senators, and
It was necessary to get thirty-six to
convict. Tho first vote was as the
eleventh count, on which the vote
stood 35 for conviction and 10 for ac
quittal, thus falling one vote short of
tho required two-thirds. This resu'ted
from the fact that seven regular Re
publicans voted with the twelve Dem
ocrats nnd four so called Johnson or
administration Republicans to acquit.
The same result having been obtained
on the second and third counts, the
radical opposition threw up its hands
and the seuate adjourned sinedlewlth
out voting on the other charges.
Grant's War Secretary Impeached.
The impeachment of General William
W. Belknap, secretary of war in the
cabinet of Presldeut Grant, constitutes
the only Impeachment of a cabinet
officer In American history. General
Belknap had an -honorable record as
a soldier during the civil war aud en
tered the cabinet early in Grant's first
term as head of the war department
One of his duties In that position was
the appointment of an ofllcor known
as tho post trader. The position was
a lucrative one, and tho profits de
pended to a largo extent on tho secre
tory of war. Tho charge against Bel
knap was that ho had entered Into a
corrupt bargain with his appointee by
means of which ho was to receive a
part of his large profits, payable In
quarterly Installments. Proof was sub
mltted to show that Belknap's share of
the profits amounted in all to about
$20,000.
Evidence of Belknap's corruption
was presented to tho houso in a report
from the committee on expenditures In
the war department, which recom
mended Impeachment. This was on
March 2, 187C. The houso at once
unanimously voted to Impeach the sec
retary. Belknap, however, had previ
ously received an Intimation of what
the report was to contain, and on the
morning of the samo day he handed
in his resignation to President Grant
with tho request that It be immediate
ly accepted. Grant, who had the repu-
tatlon of "standing by his friends," at
once neceded to his secretary's request.
Proceedings Went On.
George F. Iloar of Massachusetts,
then a member of the house, was the
principal manager for the house, and
the Impeachment proceedings were
launched despite Belknap's resignation.
The vote on the impeachment was tak
en on Aug. . 1. Thirty-seven senators
voted "guilty" nnd twenty-five "not
guilty." As tho necessary two-thirds
vote waB not obtained, despite the evi
dent guilt of the accused, lie cannot be
said to hnve been convicted. But
twenty-three of the senators who vot
ed "not guilty" accompanied their
votes with an explanation that they
had voted as they did because of their
belief that by resigning he had put
himself outside tho jurisdiction of the
senatorial court of impeachment. It
is not generally held, however, that
the action of tho senate In the Belknap
case, although It establishes a prece
dent, is cither final or binding.
There was a lapse of almost three
decades between tho Impeachment of
Secretary Belknap and that of Judge
Charles Swayno, who was tho latest
federal officer to face a court of Im
peachment Swayno was a Judgo of
tho United States district court for
the northern district of Florida, to
which post ho was appointed In 18SS1.
Early in 1003 ho was charged with
falsifying his expense accounts, and
in December of that year cougress or
dered ail investigation. The matter
dragged along through 1001, nnd it
was December of that year before tho
houso finally voted to impeach him,
Articles of Impeachment containing
thirteen counts wero filed with tho
sonato on Jan. 11,. 1005. Tho trial be
gan on Fob. 11 and terminated on Feb.
28, with his acquittal. Judge Swayne
remained on tho bench until bis death
In 1007.
YEARS !
PLANNING FOR A
NOISELESS WORLD.
Sctentitts to Consider Ways and Means
at August Congress,
Science is planning a comparatively
noiseless World a world In which
clamor nnd clangor arc reduced to a
minimum. Men of learning, such as
Dr. Clarence John Blake, professor of
otology at Harvard Medical school,
says thero Is absolutely no reason why
there should not bo such a world in
existence if tho citizens of tills and
other supposedly civilized countries
can bo weaned nwny from tho sur
vivals of savagery. Noise, at least loud
noise, he says, Is needless.
When COO distinguished physicians
and savants from nil parts of Europe
and America meet in tho halls of the
Harvard Medical school next August
in the international otologlcal congress
this matter of noise will be one of the
most prominent topics.
It Is contended that the hustle nnd
bustle of city life, the tooting of whls.
ties, the roar of trains nnd other noise
nro taking their toll from tho health ot
the community. Tho ear Is becoming
abnormal and blunted; the sensitive
mechanism of hearing In an effort to
exclude the never ending annoyance is
thickening. Gradually the roar of thn
city works upon the nerves nnd brain,
producing irrltntlon and exhaustion.
Nervous prostration, a disease of cit
ies. Is ono result, deafness nnothor and
suffering to the wonk and convales
cent still another.
"Noise," says Dr. Blnke, "Is barba
rous. Its presence in n community
points to barbarism. If we pretend
to a higher civilization something must
bo dono to prevent it The question
of noise is a question of economics, be
cause tlie presence of unnecessary
noise is as much nn Indication of a
waste of energy ns the heating of a
bearing in a machine."
The congress next August will go ful
ly into ways nnd means of making tho
world noiseless.
MALE BRAINS AVERAGE HIGHER
Dr. Spitzka Finds Females Lower In
Abstract Mental Conception.
Dr. Edward Anthony Spitzka ot
Philadelphia, noted as a brain expert
tho world over, professor of general
anatomy at the Jefferson Medical col
lege and director of tho Daniel Baugh
Institute, after having examined hun
dreds of human brains declares that
woman as a sex never will bo tho
equal of man In abstract mental con
ception. Apart from that capacity for ab
stract conception Dr. Spitzka declares
that his examinations have shown no
difference between the brains of the
sexes, except that tho feminine brain
is smaller, a fact which he attributes
to the smaller frame of tho woman.
"In the female brain," said Dr. Spitz
ka, "the convolutions nro broader and
of more simple type. The female brain
Is usually characterized by a smaller
frontal lobe. Tho frontal lobo is con
cerned more with the abstract con
cept, and therefore It would seem that
tho male Is possessed of greater ca
pacity for abstract conception.
"While no ono will dispute that the
Individual woman may excel tho aver
age man, it is a fact that In the mass
tho brains of women are smaller, less
richly and less completely fissured nnd
so endowed with less cortical area
than those of men."
SNAKE CAR FOR BENT STREET
Boston Trying Articulated Trolley For
Narrow Thoroughfares.
A "snake" car, a jointed coach which
it is hoped will he able to wind its way
through tho sharp turning streets of
downtown Boston, Is being experiment
ed with by the Boston elevated com
pany. No passengers have been carried in
It, but if It proves as successful In the
city proper as It has in Roxbury It
will bo introduced into the regular
through city lines, enabling the com
pany to run n fifty foot car where the
regular cars cannot travel.
This new car Is provided with a joint
In the middle and a flexible platform
covered with a hood. When on a
straight track It appears as one un
broken length.
Center doors are also provided, nnd
tho pnssengers will enter and leave at
that point. Two trolleys adorn the
roof. The maker's name for the device
is the articulated car.
FIRST "APE OBSERVATORY."
German Scientists to Study Monkeys
In the Canaries.
Tho world's first "apo observatory"
Is to bo established at Tcncrlfo under
tho auspices of tho Berlin Academy of
Sciences.
Professor Rathmann of Berlin nnd
Professor Sllcnka, tho foremost woman
scientist of Germany, nro on their
way thero for the purposo of making
a closo observation of apo life in the
climate of tho Canaries.
Tho schemo will mako it possible for
apes to roam in tho open tho year
around and will provide opportunities
for obsorvlug them under natural con
ditions. Road Accidents In the United Kingdom.
A marked increase in tho number of
road accidents Is noted In tho United
Kingdom. Tho total roso from 28,023
In 1000 to 35,210 in 1011, of which mo
tor vehicles caused 20,220. Statistics
for tho London metropolitan nrea show
that every 100 motor cabs killed flvo
times as many persons and injured
threo times ns many ns every 100 horso
drawn cabs.
FIRE
OF
DAMAGED HARDWARE !
Wo havo added to our list n number of attractive bargains
which wo invito you to read over. Tho goods aro not damaged
to a great oxtont, therefore it behooves you to take advantage
of our great firo sale.
REVISED LIST
Valla CO cents to $1.50 por keg.
Hinges 0 cts. per pound, now 3c lb.
Locks 30 cts. each, now 15c oach.
Axes $1.25, now 75 cts. each.
Sweeping compound 25 ct. pkg. now
15 cents.
Nlcklo Tea and Coffee pota $1.20,
now G5 cents each.
Hatchets 00 cts., now 35 cents each.
Belting at greatly reduced prico3.
Heating Stovos $20.00, now $10.00
each.
Meat Choppers $2.00, now $1.35.
Wood measures 35c, nowlO c each.
Metal 'Polish 50 c, now 30c can.
Flies 15c, now 7c each.
Woodscrows 1-4 original price.
Pocket Knives 00c, now 25c each.
Razors $2.50, now $1.00 each.
Padlocks 40 cents, now 16c oach.
Bath Room fixtures at greatly reduc
ed prices.
Ropo 12 cts. lb, now 8 cts. lb.
Poultry supplies at greatly reduced
prices.
Varnish Stains, greatly reduced
pricos.
Shot guns, greatly reducod prices.
Hunting Coats $2.25, now $1.25 oa.
Shot Gun shells, (smokeless) CO cts.,
now 40 cts. box.
Carving Sots $3.50, now $1.50 sot.
Saw Clamps, $1.00, now 60 cts. each.
Saw sets 75c. now 50 cts. oach.
Mrs. Pott's Sad Irons $1.15, now 85
cents per eot.
Asbestos Sad Irons $1.75, now $1.25
sot.
ERK BROS
Honesdale National Bank
Honesdale, Pa.
CHANGING BANKS:
There aro times in every husiness career when a man
can see somo advantage in changing banks.
If you aro thinking of changing your bank account, wo
would like to have you call on us and talk tho matter over
freely before deciding what you will do.
Our facilities aro equal to the BEST ; wo try to more
than please our patrons and endeavor at all times to keep on
tho safe side of every loaning proposition.
BANKING with us will not depend on your
Politics or Religion
With the reputation established by
SEVENTY-SIX YEARS OF SQUARE DEALING
this bank is entitled to consideration if you
think of making a change.
Commercial accounts solicited and satisfaction guaran
teed. Threo percent, interest paid on all Savings Accounts
HONESDALE NATIONAL BANK, Honesdale, Pa,
Organized 1836
Open Saturday evenings from 7:30 to 8:30
OFFICERS :
H, Z. RUSSELL, President, L. A. HOWELL, Cashier,
ANDREW THOMPSON, Vice-President, A, G. LINDSAY, Asst. Cashier.
DIRECTORS:
Henry Z. Russell Andrew Thompson
Edwin F.Torrey Homer Greene
Horace T. Menner James C. Blrdsall
Louis J. Dorflinger E. B. Hardenbergh
Philip R. Murray
For Results Advertize in The Citizen
SALE
Axes and all kinds of handlos at
greatly reducod prices.
.Barn Door Hangors 75 cents, now 40
cents per pair.
Stovo Clay, 35 conts, now 25 cents
packago.
Stovo Clay 25 cents, now 15 cenU
packago.
Stovo Clay 10c, now 8c pkg.
Fishing Tackle, greatly reduced
prices.
Stool Tapes 35c, now 20c oach.
Bread Mixers $2.00, now $1.25 oach.
Stewart Clipper $7.50, now $5.50.
3 H. V. Gasollno Englno $135.00,
now $75.00.
Cultivators, $8.00, now $4.00.
Steel Barn Brushes 85c, now 50c.
Cupboard catches, 10c, now 5c.
Brass Surfaco Butts 25c, now 15c.
Bronzo Surfaco Butts, 15c, now 8c.
Drawer Pulls 15c, now 8c.
Drawor Pulla 10c, now 5c.
Agriculture wrenches 15c, now 5c.
IHamtnock hooks 10c, now 5c.
Spool wiro 10c, now lc.
Stew pans 25c, now 12c.
PIo tins, 8c, now 3c.
Sink baskots 30, now 15c.
Garment hanger, 3 for oc.
Coat and Hat Hooks, 10c doz. Cc.
doz.
Mouse Traps 5c, now 3c.
Mouse Traps 10c, now 5c.
Bolts per 100, 50c.
Wash -Boards 40c, now 25c.
Butter Bowls 75c, now 50c.
Grass Scythes 90c, now 15c
Scythe Stones 15c, now 5r.
BAUMANN BLOCK,
MAIN STREET,