(
PAGE TWO
THE CITIZEN, FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1912.
T.G. DAWSON WAS
GREAT PACIFIER
Late Diplomat Had Success In
Latin American Republics.
COUNTRY LOST TRUSTED AGENT
His Life Was Often In Peri! While on
Difficult Mictions Served Seven
Years In Brazil Appointed Travel
ing Diplomatic Specialist In 1907.
Tlionifig Cleveland Dawson, resident
diplomatic olllcer of the state depart
ment at Washington, who died recent
y, had won by his singular success
in dealing with the Latin American re
publics the reputation of being the
"great pacificator." lie seemed to have
such a thorough insight into the char
acter of the South and Central Ameri
can peoples that ho was employed
ngaln and again by the federal gov
ernment on dllllcult missions, always
with conspicuous success. Kor this
reason ho received the appointment of
resident diplomatic olllcer at Wash
ington, n sort of handy man who could
be dispatched at short notice to nettle
any troubles that might arise in the
Latin American republics.
Born In Hudson, Wis., In lSCTi. .Mr.
Dawson was graduated from Hanover
college and the Cincinnati Law school.
Then he took up the practice of law In
Iowa, and for a time he went Into
newspaper work In the same state.
Returning to the law. hu served as
assistant attorney general of Iowa
from 1S!)1 to 1S04. In 1S07 he entered
the diplomatic service by becoming
secretary of legation at Hlo do .lauelro.
where he met his wife, Miss Lulza
Guerra Duval of Porto Alogre.
His Service In Brazil.
He stayed In Brazil till 1004, and
during his seven years of service was
five times charge d'affaires. He was
then appointed minister resident and
consul general to Santo Domingo.
This appointment gave him his chance
of distinction. In 1000 and 1907 the
island was in turmoil, nnd President
Itoosevelt proposed nn arrangement
with the revolutionary government by
which the United States should under
take the supervision of the customs.
Then lie asked Mr. Dawson to obtain
some kind of popular indorsement of
the plan, and this the minister resi
dent did with much skill.
A story Is told of these perilous times
when Mr. Dawson's life was often In
danger. Ho was sitting one day at the
palace with President Morales and Don
Bnmon Caceras, Morales' rival and ul
timate successor. The noise of a mob
approaching the palace was heard.
"Vou must take responsibility for
this," said Mr. Dawson to Caceras.
"These are your men. Go to the win
dow and send them home."
"I'll take no responsibility for them!"
shouted Caceras.
Mr. Dawson brushed him aside, went
himself to the window nnd there,
standing unarmed before the crowd
that had come to seize him, addressed
them quietly. He spoke of their griev
ances. He reasoned with them nnd
showed Ids sympathy, with the result
that they were pacified and went quiet
ly away.
Some of His Victories.
From Domingo Mr. Dawson went to
Colombia in Jnnuary, 1007. Here again
he had to smooth down susceptibilities
aroused by what was termed American
aggression. Once n crowd swept
through the police lines nnd invaded
the American legation. Minister Daw
son met them and received their ring
leaders with such quiet courtesy that he
overcame another crisis full of danger.
While in Colombia he brought about
an agreement between that country
and Venezuela for the free navigation
of the Orinoco and Zulln rivers.
nniti next claimed Mr. Dawson's
services, and after another successful
term there he was appointed by Secre
tary Knox ns traveling diplomatic sp
ciallst. with headquarters at Washinc
ton. From then on he lived at tin
seat of the federal government and
was dispatched on one mission after
nnother as the need of u skilled dlplo
matist made itself apparent. Thus be
was directly instrumental in settling
in Chile the long standing Alsop dis
pute. In ti ls case the heirs of Alsop
& Co., nn American concern, claimed
a Inrgo sum from the Chilean govern
went and for years could get no satl
faction.
Mr. Dawson called on the president
of Chile and told him that he must
consent to nrbltrato or pay the firm
1,000,000. The president refused.
"Then I regret to Inform you," said
Mr. Dawson, "that tho United States
will not bo ablo for some time to send
n minister here." He withdrew nnd
took a train for Buenos Aires. In a
few days Chile thought better of the
matter, and Mr. Dawson had scored
another success.
From that time till his death ho was
employed constantly In straightening
out difficult situations, and Panama,
Nicaragua and Honduras havo each In
turn felt tho skill of his diplomatic
hand.
Prices of Commodities.
Wholesale prices of commodities rose
Iwtwecn 1800 and 1010 by about 15
per cent In England, by about SO per
cent In Germany and by Intermediate
amounts In France. Tno raw ma
terials of Industry roaq by 25 to 40 per
cent In all countries.
Definitions That
Readers In
From Everybody's
FOIt the next few months ev
ery political conversation
and speech and editorial will
be full of words more or
less loosely used to characterize the
political theories and personalities
that are nt Issue. In order to put
discussion into terms of common
understanding It would be of serv
ice to establish some definitions
that might find common accep
tance. In any science s precise
terminology is u prime necessity.
Even In n Held as unscientific ns
politics there may well be a glos
sary In order that when different
men use tho same word they
may, preferably, menu the same
thing.
Here are some definitions which
we hope will bo of assistance to
the public during the coming cam
paign. Nothing N more difficult
than to define and what follows Is
surely fallible. Hut not the least
service of thrse definitions may lie
In discussion of their precision.
IlKFOKM. A general term for
all propositions for change. Differs
In its application In different com
munities. For Instance, In Ameri
ca tariff reform means lower tnr
iff; In England, higher.
ItEFOKMEIt.-Tho original kick
er, father of the insurgent, grand
father, of the progressive, great
grandfather of the radical, some
times all in one person. lie thinks
to change things by changing tho
form of things.
INSUUGEXT.-A reformer in pol
itics who is fighting, usually with
in his party, against some things
he thinks are wrong.
PROGKESSIVE.-An Insurgent
who is fighting for certain definite
leforms, e. g., the initiative, refer
endum .and recall; tho short ballot,
the direct election of United States
senators, etc.
LIBERAL One who Is in sym
pathy with progressU-c ideals, but
not limited by any hard and fast
program.
RADICAL. A term applied to ad
vanced progressives who, Impa
tient with treating only the symp
toms of evil, would remove the
causes. They aim to change the
foundation of the'soclal system.
CONSERVATIVE. -One who
views with timidity any effott to
change political conditions by un
tried means; a useful, pessimistic
citizen, who thinks this is a static,
not an evolving; world; who honest
ly believes that things are as right
as can be.
STANDPATTER. One to whom
any political change is necessarily
a change for tho worse; a conserv
ative who has a personal or busi
ness reason for resistance to prog
ress. Satisfied with tho hnnd dealt
to him in tho game of life he
"stands pat"
REACTIONARY. One who thinks
the future lies in the past, and gen
erally bears the same relation to
the conservative that the radical
does to tho progressive.
DEMAGOGUE. One who appeals
to tho prejudices nnd passions of
the people.
CONSERVATIONIST. -A con
servative liberal. Ills particular
aim is to save from private exploi
tation our public lands, forests, wa
ter power, minerals all the so call
ed natural resources that havo not
already been taken up by individ
uals. DIRECT LEGISLATION. A gen
eric term for the Initiative, referen
dum, recall, short ballot, etc.
INITIATIVE.-Tho right of a cer
tain percentage of all voters (say
20 per cent) to force tho legislature
to submit a given question to a ref
erendum, even if the legislature ful
some reason doesn't want to.
REFERENDUM . T h e act of re
ferring n given question to all the
voters for decision; a sort of voters'
veto over the legislature. All state
constitutions now require a refer
endum on all amendments propos
ed by thu legislature.
RECALL. An Instrument which
enables tho voters to exercise the
right of the employer to dismiss the
employed-!, e., the right of the
voters who havo placed a public
servant In olllco to recall him from
that otlice at will, even before his
term has expired.
RECALL OF DECISION.-Tho
right of the voters to annul by a
referendum any Judicial decision ou
a constitutional question.
SHORT BALLOT. A reform to
reduce the number of offices to bo
filled nt any election and so concen
trate the attention of tho voters nnd
tho nuthorlty nnd responsibility of
the few officials elected.
DIRECT NOMINATION. - The
plan of nominating party candi
dates for onico by tho direct vote of
tho voters of tho party without the
Intervention of conventions.
PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY. A
plan to let tho voters of n party In
each congressional district elect del
egates to tho national nominating
eonrentlon sucli dolountos being
Instructed by tho votow to vote for
a certain presidential .candidate.
Will Help
the Campaign
Magazine For May.
DIRECT ELECTION OF SENA
TORS. The proposal to have Unit
ed Stntcs senators elected directly
by the voters of each state Instead
of by the state legislatures.
SOCIALISM. A movement having
for Its aim the abolition of private
ownership of the social Instruments
of wealth production, and the in
troduction of a system of industry
collectively owned and democrati
cally managed for the leneflt of the
whole community.
TARIFF. A tax upon goods Im
ported from foreign countries, col
lected from the Importer nt tho cus
tom house and charged up on the
prico to thu consumer.
PROTECTIVE TARIFF. A tax
upon Imports fixed at a point high
enough to discourage the Importa
tion of plods for the purpose of
protecting the home manufacturers
of such goods against foreign cotn
netltlon. the tlieniv helii- ilmr tin.
American niauufatttirer. freed from
foreign competition, may then
charge the American consumer a
price high enough to yield satisfac
tory profits to himself and goo.l
wages to his employees.
TARIFF FOR REVENUE ONLY.
A tariff fixed upon the basis of
the actual needs of tho government
to pay its expenses. The protec
tion of domestic Industries Is not
contemplated.
COST OF PRODUCTION THE
ORY. A recent Republican amend
ment to the, party's theory of a pro
tective tariff. It proposes Umt such
a tariff should Just cover the
higher costs of production (duo to
higher labor and material cost)
which the American manufacturer
Is up against plus a reasonable
profit.
RECIPROCITY TREATY. - An
ntrrpnmpnfr. between twn nnnntrins I
by which an Item or series of Items
ju me lunu oi cacn country is
made exempt from the regular Im
port duty.
SHIP SUBSIDY
A money grant I
given by the government to n mer
chant (or corporation) to help es
tablish a steamship route (using
American built ships) which oth
erwise would not be self sup
porting. The cost of production
theory applied to our merchant
marine.
PRIVILEGE.-A11 property rights
which are tho beneficiaries of legis
lation which does not equally bene
fit the entire community e. g., the
woolen trust, the steel trust nnd
other beneficiaries of the protective
tariff; any corporation chartered
by the state to exercise powers
which others are forbidden to ex
ercise. "TnE INTERESTS." Corpora
tions or businesses based upon priv
ilege or otherwise interested in pro
tecting property rights as against
the rights of the people.
SHERMAN ACT. A law original
ly intended to prevent the estab
lishment of monopolies or "trusts"
by making corporations In restraint
of trade unlawful. Tho supreme
court has since amended the act so
ns to condemn corporations only
when they exercise "unreasonable"
restraint of trade.
INCOME TAX. Th6 proposal to
tax for governmental purposes all
Incomes nbovo a specified annual
amount. It is usually on a grad
uated scale, bo that tho tax In
creases as tho Incomo rises. Tho
income tax Is in operation In Great
Britain nnd in most European coun
tries. A federal incomo tax in this
country has been declared uncon
stitutional by the supremo court.
But thirty states havo ratified an
amendment to the federal constitu
tion permitting the tax. Only, six-
more are needed.
ALDRICH PLAN. A proposal to 1 1
establish n central bank for banks T
to bo called tho Natlonnl Reserve
nssoclatlon. It will be the fiscal
ngent of tho country' nnd will have
the right to Issuo money (ns bnuks
do now) secured by a reserve. All
kinds of bunks, except private
banks, may belong. Individuals will
not deal with It directly,
cirrcnrcs Avn iiat.av-ic
4
Si
V
f
ftkU4k1V-'l A
automatic block system Invented by Z
"tho fathers" under tho inspiration t
of their experience with monarchi- f
cal and aristocratic rulers and their x
suspicion of democracy. It Is n dls- v
tributlon by tho constitution of
power In such a way that tho states
balance tho United States and both
check tho cities. Tho senate nnd
the houso of representatives can
block each other, and tho president
can block congress, whilo tho judi
ciary can hold up president and
congress too. Its admirers say It
has worked; that It has kept all po
litlcal trains on tho track. Its de
tractors agree, but complain that it I
nas Kept mo trains from moving
at all.
CENTRALIZED GOVERNMENT.
Tho opposite of a government by
chocks nnd balances. It would con
centrate sovereign power In tho fed
eral government and la especially
opposed to tho theory of Individual
sovereign states.
o
o
O FOR SUMMER!
If It was only summer bow happy I should
bet
I'd bavo no blamed old furnaco a-tnnta-lltln
me
With Its black soot and ashes, Its dust
puffed In my face,
Tho brimstone and tho thick smoke a-flll-
ln' tho whole ptaco;
And all the kids a-yellln', "I am most
froze to death I"
Marlnr always knockln', "That brlmstono
takes my breath I"
My hands all raw with blisters a-shovclln'
that blame coal
And all my money coin' up that consarned
stovepipe hole.
It It was only summer oh, see that snow I
drift hlRliI
I cleaned that wnlk threo times today and
must again, oh. my!
My backbone, la most biistcd; I'm on tho
vcrgo of Krlp;
I sot a fracture of the skull In that last
awful slip.
Tho water pipes arc busted; tho twins
both havo the croup;
The plumber and tho coalman havo my
neck In tho loop.
Oh, how I wish 'twos summer! I'd let the
skecters bite.
I'd triad y roust and roast and roast and
roast all day and night!
C. M. DAUN1TZ.
FERTILIZATION AND DEFERTILI
ZATION OF EGGS.
It Is ofteu n question with poultry
raisers ns to how soon eggs becomo
fertile nfter mating chickens nnd how
soon eggs become germlcss after mat
lngs are broken.
Two experiments hero nt Riverside
with n White Wynndotto cock nnd ten
hens carried on for ten days, in which
the eggs laid were set and tested, will
bo of Interest. On the third day after
mating ilS per cent were fertile, on the
fourth -10 per cent, on the fifth f0 per
cent, on the sixth (X) per cent, on the
seventh 70 per cent, on the eighth 72
per cent nnd on the tenth day 7(i per
cent.
Seventy-five to 80 per cent Is consid
ered nn excellent average fertility for
vigorous fowls under ordinary condi
tions, so that ten days may be consid
ered time enough for excellent results
unless tho breed Is a very lnrge, clum
sy type.
The male and hens were then sepa
rated nnd the eggs ns laid were again
sot nnd tested to determine the dura
tion of fertility nfter male was re
moved. On the third day nfter separation 74
per cent of eggs were fertile, on the
fourth 70 per cent, on tho fifth 02 per
cent, on the sixth 55 per cent, on the
seventh 48 per cent, on the eighth 15
per cent, on the ninth 3 per cent and
on tho tenth day none were fertile.
FEATHERS AND EGGSHELLS.
When your fowls get roupy don't
shut them up In n band box. Let them
have fresh nlr, but no drafts. Remem
ber this Is the fresh air era when pa
tients with respiratory ntlllctlons sleep
In the open, not in tho oven as of old.
It is handy in some respects to take
eggs to market in n box of oats, sell tho
eggs and feed the oats to the horse,
but eggs are cleaner and look so much
nicer in n handy crate, and such can
be bought, the ten dozen size, for only
n qunrter.
The hen that lays Is the hen that
stnys, should be the rule on every
farm, poultry plant and In every hack
lot coop. If wo could only get rid of
tho undesirable citizen as easily as the
drone hen, tho millennial dawn would
sure move up n notch.
The Buff Minorca is the latest on
deck, California the place of origin.
We should like to get our judges to
gether nnd examine them on old nnd
recent breeds and varieties and their
characteristics. Wouldn't they flunk
kerplunk, and yet most of them ad
vertise as expert Judges of all varie
ties. While tho customs authorities havo
decided for keeps that a hen Is not a
bird, there was a scrap down at Atlan
tic City as to whether a hen is nn unl
mal when a Chinaman was arrested
for cruelty to animals for not feeding
nnd watering his flock. Tho magis
trate mado tho ben nn animal nnd
fined tho plfftall $10. Next.
A Connecticut farmer near Ilarwin
ton contests tho opinion of the customs
court that n hen Is not a bird by pro
ducing a hen on his farm that lays In
a box placed In a tree and files nround
tho fnrm Instead of walking. She may
be one of thoso "barnyard" pheasants
that our city hunters shoot on the wing
and pass off for the real thing.
"That hen's n hog!" exclaimed her
owner. "She's n cnndldato for the
ax. She's up tho first to eat and
scratches for feed the last!" AVe nsk
ed him to test her for eggs before
sending her to chicken heaven. To
his surprlso ho found she was the lcst
layer ho owned. Wo hnvo never seen
a great layer that wasn't a great eater.
Tho dropping board beneath the roost
Is such nn cnslly arranged convenience
no poultry raiser can afford to be with
out. It catches and snves all drop
pings at night nnd ninkes It so easy to
clenn up nnd save tho valuable ma
nure. Pens where tho excremeut is al
lowed to accumulate In the old bug
house way always smell and nre insan
itary. Tho Rose Comb Barred Tlymouth
Rock is now being discussed with n
vengennco on both sldos tho Atlantic,
nnd thero is a fight as to Its admission
to tho standard. But why should It
not bo admitted? It comes straight
from tho Barred Rock and gets Its
comb honestly from tho Domlnlquo
that was In tho cross that mndo the
Rock, and that's moro than can bo
said of tho hybrid slnglo comb Silver
Tencllcd Wynndotto that wua recently
Btnndardleed Into n Silver Penciled
Rock by tho American Poultry asso
ciation. 4s . JAdWaa .
To Patrons Along the Scranton
Branch of the Erie Railroad.
Tho afternoon train leaving Scran
ton ns por schedulo following, runs
dally dlroctly to Honesdalo, giving
pooplo timo to transact tholr business
at tho cotinty scat and roturn homo
tho samo evening.
ARRIVE. LEAVE.
S:20 Scranton 1:30
8:13 Dunmoro 1:37
8:02 Nay Aug 1:46
7:54 Elmhurst ikk
7:43 WImmora 2:07
7:40 Saco 2:10
7:34 Maplowood 2:16
7:20 l,ako Ariel 2:34
7:09 Gravity 2:41
0:59 Clomo 2?ki
u:oJ iioadleys 2
56
u:$f west Hawley. ,
C:12 White Mills .
..3:27
..3:38
o:uj East Honesdalo .3
6:00 Honesdalo 3
47
60
LEAVE. ARRIVE.
Published by tho Greater Honesdalo
Board of Trade, Honesdalo, Pa.
m R-EASURER'S LAND SALES.
JL WAYNE COUNTY TAXES.
Notlco is hereby given that agree
ably to tho Act of General Assembly
of tho Commonwealth of Pennsyl
vania, passed tho 13th day of
March, 1815, entitled "An Act to
amend the Act entitled, "An Act di
recting the mode of selling unseated
land for taxes, and for other pur
poses," and an Act passed tho 13th
day of March, 1813, entitled, "A
further supplement to an Act entitled
"An Act directing tho mode of sell
ing unseated lands for taxes and for
other purposes," and by tho Act of
General Assembly passed tho 6th
day of March, 1847, entitled, "An
Act In relation to sales of unseated
lands In the several counties In tho
Commonwealth," tho following
tracts of land will bo sold at public
vendue, on tho
SECOND MONDAY OF JUNE, 1912,
(It being the 10th day of the month)
at 2 o'clock p. m., at tho Court
House, In 'Honesdalo, In tho county
of Wayne, for arrearages of taxes
due and the costs accruing on each
lot respectively:
UNSEATED LIST 1910 1911.
No. Warantee.
BERLIN TOWNSHIP.
76 Theophllus Moore, 117 acres,
?7.5S.
CANAAN TOWNSHIP.
45 James Ellis, 47 acres, $11.13.
94 Roger Ellis, 75 acres, ?9.2S.
DYBERRY TOWNSHIP.
122 Joseph Sansom, 20 acres, ?4.59.
126 William Sansom, 20 acres, $4.59
SCOTT TOWNSHIP.
242 Samuel Gregg, 7 acres, $1.57
W. W. WOOD,
Treasurer of Wayne County.
Honesdale. Pa., April 9, 1912.
Are you cleaning up?
The
of the estates of your minor
pal and accrued ncome.
MHHHanHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
The FARMERS an
MECHANIC
HONESDALE, PA.
M. K. SIMONS, President. C. A. EJCERY, Cashier.
CAPITAL STOCK - - $75,000.00
Gornerof
Main & 1 0th
street
PEOPLE
i
Reasons Why
It represents more stockholders than any other bank
in Wayne county.
ITS DEPOSITS HAVE REACHED OVER THE
$300,000.00
mark and is steadily growing with the people's confidence
aud tho bank's progressive yet conservative methods.
Its expense of management is limited to amount of
business; togethor with it's trust funds invested iu bonds
and first mortgages on improved real ostato assures its de
positors absoluto security.
It treats its hundreds of small depositors with the
samo courtesy as though their funds wore deposited by one
or moro persons.
This hank comes under the strict requirements of tho
State banking laws as all savings banks and is frequently
visited by the Pennsylvania State bank examiner, besides
having a board of directors consisting of sixteen of Wayne
county's reliable business men and farmers.
DritECTOItS:
M. B. Allon, W. JL Fowlor.
Goorgo C. Abraham, W. 13. Gulnnlp,
J. Sam Drown, M. J. Hanlan,
Oscar B. Bunnell, John 1. Krantz,
Wm. II. Dunn, Prod W. Kreltnor.
J. E. Tiffany.
WHEN THERE
IS ILLNESS
In your family you of course call
n reliable physician. Don't stop
at that; hnvo his prescriptions
put up at n reliable pharmacy,
even If it is a little farther from
your home than some other store.
You can find no more reliable
storo than ours. It would be im
possible for more enre to be taken
in tho selection of drugs, etc., or
in the compounding, l'rescrip
tions brought here, either night '
or day, will be promptly and
nccurately compounded by a
competent registered pharmacist
nnd the prices will be most rea
sonable. O. T. CHAMBERS,
PHARMACIST,
Opp. D. t II. Station. Honesdale. Pa.
jjmtst
Why not order direct from us
and save the retailer's profit.
Only $10.89
For tbts splendid, Round-Top Pedestal
Center Dlnlne Table, In finely selected
Golden Oak, wide rim. massive style
pedestal with non-dlvldins center nnd
heavy claw feet, thoroughly well-made
and beautifully finished. This Dlnlne
Table or Its equal Is always scld by
others tor $H.OO and upwards.
Securely packed and shipped
I freight charges paid $10.89.
I If you wish to save fully 25 on
your Furniture send TODAY for
' our factory price catalogue FREE.
BINGHABITON, N. Y.
tan
dren. It has the very best facilities
for the profitable and wise invest
ment and re investment of the princi
- The Scranton Trust Co.
510 Spruco Street.
S BANK
WITH THE
us
Grow
John Weaver,
G. Wm. Soli.
II. B. Simons,
Fred Stophons,
Goorgo W. TIsdoll,
I
I
i4t4Msss