THE CITIZEN, FRIDAY, FKHKUAIIY 0, 1012.
MESSAGE ON
. CONSERVATION
AND LABOR
President Talt Reviews the
Work and Approves the
Recommendations ot th3
Interior Department.
p, i .,! of coal Lands and Gov
l n u: t r i , ,, i i
crnment Owner hip of Ra Iroads In
Alaska-Advocates Federal Control ,
of Water Power Sites Favors Inter-
national Commission on the High
Cost of Living Proposes a Commis
sion to Investigate Industrial Dis- ;
putes and Kindred Matters Affecting
Labor. I
To the Senato and House of Hcpro-1
seutatives: I
There Is no branch of the federal
Jurisdiction which calls more lmpera- (
tlvely for immediate legislation than ,
that which concerns the public domain ;
and especially the part of that domain ;
which Is In Alaska. The report of the
aecietary of the interior, which Is
transmitted herewith, nud the report
to him of the governor of Alaska set
out the public need in this regard with
great force and In satisfactory detail.
The progress under the reclamation .
act has made clear the defects of its
limitations which should be remedied. 1
The rules governing the acquisition of
homesteads of land that Is not arid or ,
gcmlnrld arc not well adapted to the
perfecting of title to land made arable
by government reclamation work.
I concur with the secretary of the
interior In his recommendation that,
after entry is made upon land being
reclnlmed, actual occupation as a home
stead of the same be not required un
til two years after entry, but that cul
tivation of the same shall be required
nnd that the present provision under
which tho land is to be paid for in ten
annual Installments shall be so modi
fied as to allow a patent to issue for
the land at the end of five years' cul
tivation and three year' occupation,
with a reservation of a government
lien for the amount of the unpaid pur
chase money. This leniency to the
reclamation homesteader will relieve
him from occupation at a time when j
the condition of the land makes it most
burdensome and difficult and at the
end of five years will furnish him with I
title upon which ho can borrow i
money and continue the improvement
of his holding.
I also concur In the recommendation
of the secretary of the interior that
all of our public domain should be
classified and that each class should
be disposed of or administered in the
manner most appropriate to that par
ticular class.
The chief change, however, which
ought to be made and which I have al
ready recommended in previous mes
sages and communications to congress
1h that by which government coal land
md phosphate and other mineral lands
contiiiiiintr linnmnintllfer nns mlnnrnl !
shall bo leased by the government, with 1
restrictions as to size and time, re-
sembling those which now obtnln
throughout tho country between the
wners In fee and the lessees who work
the mines and In leases like those
which have been most successful in
Australia, New Zealand and Nova Sco
tia. The showing made by investiga
tions into the successful working of
the leasing system leaves no doubt as
to its wisdom and practical utility. Re
quirements as to the working of the
mine during the term may be so fram-1
ed as to prevent uny holding of large i
mining properties merely for specula-
tion, while the royalties may bo made '
utile ient'.y low not unduly to Increase
the cost of the coal mined and at the
same time sufficient to furnish a rea
sounble income for the use of the pub- j
11c In the community where the mining I
toes on. In Alaska there Is no reason 1
why i substantial income should not
thus be raised for such public works
xs may be deemed necessary or useful.
There Is no difference between the j
reasons which call for the application
of the leasing system to the coal lauds
still retained by the government iu tho I
United States proper and those which
sxlst in Alaska.
There are now in Alaska only two '
well known high grade coal fields of
large extent, the Bering river coal field
end the Matanuska coal Held. The
Bering river coal field, while It has
varying qualities of coal from the bi
tuminous to the anthracite, Is very
much lessened In value und usefulness
by the grinding effect to which In geo
logical ages past the coal measures
have been subjected, so that the coal
does not lie or cannot be mined In large '
lumps. It must be taken out In almost
a powdered condition. The same diffi
culty does not appear to the same ex
tent in the Matanuska coal fields. The
Iterlng rher coal fields are only twenty-live
miles from the coast. They are
within easy distance of an existing ,
railroad built by the Morgan-Guggenheim
Interests and may also be reach
ed through Controller buy by the con
struction of uthcr and cotniK-ting rail
roads. Controller bay Is not n good harbor,
but could probably be made practical
.with the expenditure of considerable
money. The railroad of the Morgan
Qugseuhelm Interests, running from
Cordova, could bo tuntlo n coal curry
lng road for the ilerlug river fields by
the eonstruclloti of n branch (o those
fields not exceeding llfty or sixty
miles. It la practicable, and If the
coal measures were to be opened up
doubtless the branch would be built.
In the present condition of things
there Is no motive to build the road,
because there Is 110 title or opportunity
to open and mine the coal.
The Matanuska coal Holds are n long
er illstnnce from the coast. They are
from 1D0 to 200 miles from the harbor
of Howard, on Resurrection bay. This
Is one of the llucst harbors In the
world, and a reservation has been
made there for the use of the navy of
the United States. A road construct
ed from Seward to the Matanuska
coal fields would form part of n system
reaching from the coast Into the heart
of Alaska and open the great Interior
valleys or me i uuon nnu ino i nnaua, '
wmcn nave agricultural us won us
possibilities.
Thc bc0I1
congtrctca somc seventy-one miles of
Jm? distance from Seward north to
the Matanuska coal fields, but tin con
struction beyond this has been dis
couraged, first, by the fact that there
has been no policy adopted of opening
up the coal lauds upon which investors
could depend and, second, because
there seems to be a lack of financial
backing of those engaged In the enter
prise. The secretnry of the interior
has ascertained that the bondholders,
who are the real owners of the road,
are willing to sell to the government,
and he recommends the purchase of
the existing road, such reconstruction
ns may bo necessary, its continuance
to the Matanuska coal fields and thence
Into the valleys of the Yukon and the
Tanana. It would be a great trunk
line and would be an opening up of
Alaska by government capital.
I am not In favor of government
ownership where the same certainty
nnd ofllclencv of service can bo had
by prlv!1(0 ,.nterprisc. but I think the
conditions presented In Alaska are of
such a character as to warrant the
government, for the purpose of en
couraging the development of that
' vast and remarkable territory, to build
1 and own a trunk line railroad, which
It can lease on terms which may be
varied and changed to meet the grow
i ing prosperity and development of the
territory.
There is nothing in the history of tho
United States which affords such just
reason for criticism as the failure of
the federal government to extend the
benefit of its fostering care to the ter
ritory of Alaska. There was a time,
of course, when Alaska was regarded J
as so far removed into tho Arctic
ocean as to make any development of
it practically Impossible, but for years
the facts have been known to those
who have been responsible for its gov
ernment, and every one who has given
the subject the slightest consideration
has been aware of the wonderful pos
sibilities In its growth und develop
ment If only capital were invested
there and a good government put over
it. I think tho United States owes it,
therefore, to Alaska and to the peo
ple who have gone there to take an
exceptional step and to build a rail
road that shall open the treasures of
Alaska to the Pacific and to the people
who live along that ocean on our west
ern coast. The construction of a rail
road and ownership of tho fee do not
necessitate government operation. Pur
suant, however, to tho recommenda
tion of tho secretary of the interior, I
suggest to congress the wisdom of pro-
Vldillg that the president may appoint
a commission of competent persons, in-
ciuuing iwo army engineers, 10 exam-
ine and report upon tho available
routes for a railroad from Seward to
the Matanuska coal fields and into the
Tanana and Yukon valleys, with an
estimate of tho value of tho existing
partially constructed railroad and of
the cost of continuing tho railroad to
the proper points In the valleys named.
This proposal is further justified by
the need that tho navy of the United
States has for n secure coaling base in
the north Pacific. The commission
ought to mako a full report also as to
the character of tho coal fields at Ma
tanuska and the problem of furnish
ing coal from that source for mercan
tile purposes after reserving for gov
ernment mining a sufficient quantity
for the navy.
I have already recommended to con
gress tho establishment of a form of
commission government for Alaska.
The territory Is too extended. Its needs
are too varied and Its distance from j
Washington too remote to enable con- i
gress to keep up with its necessities In
the matter of legislation of a local
character.
The governor of Alaska In his report,
which accompanies that of the secre
tary of the Interior, points out certain
laws thut ought to bo udopted and em
phasizes what I have said as to the
Immediate need for n government of
much wider powers than now exists
there if It can bo said to have any
government at all.
I do not stop to dwell upon the lnck
of provision for the health of the In
habitants and the nbseuco or Inade
quacy of laws, the mere statement of
which shows their crying need. I only
press upon congress the Imperative ne-
cesslty for taking action not ouly to i
permit the beginning of the develop
ment of Alaska aud the opening of ,
her resources, but to provide laws i
whhh shall give to those who come
tinder their jurisdiction decent protec
tion. Lower Colorado River.
There Is transmitted herewith a let
ter from the secretary of the Interior
tettintr out the work done under Joint
resolution approved .lune 2.", 11110. au
thorizing the expenditure of $1,000,000
or so much thereof as might be ncces.
snry, to he expended by the president
for the purpose of protecting lands and
property In tho Imperial valley nn
elsewhere along the Colorado river li
Arizona. The money was expended
and tho protective works erected, hu
tho disturbances In Mexico so delaye
tho work and the Hoods In the t'olora
do river were so extensive that a pan
of the works have been carried awaj.
and the need for further action and ex
pendlture of money exists. I do not
make a definite recommendation at
present, for the reason that the plan to
be adopted for the betterment of con
dltlons near tho mouth of the Color. id
river proves to be so dependent on n
free nnd full agreement between the
government of Mexico and the govern
ment of the United States as to Join'
expenditure and Joint use that It Is un
wise to move until wo can obtain so-, c
agreement with that government whli I.
will enable us to submit to congress c
larger plan bettor adapted to the exi
gencies presented than the one adopt
ed. it Is essential that we act proinp:
ly. and through the state departtnc -i,
the matter Is being pressed upon the
attention of the Mexican government.
Meantime a report of the engineer In
charge, together with a subsequent re
port upon his work by a body of ex
ports appointed by the secretary of til
Interior, together with nn offer by the i
Southern Pacific railroad to do the
work at a certain price with a guaran
ty for n year, and a comment upon
this offer by Brigadier General Mar
shall, late chief of engineers, United
States army, and now consulting en
gineer of the reclamation service, are
all herewith transmitted.
Water Power Sites.
In previous communications to con
gress 1 have pointed out two methods
by which tJie water power sites on
nonnavlgablo streams may be eon
trolled as between the state and the
.national government. It has scorned
wise that tho control should be con
contrated in one government or the
other as the nctlve participant in su
pervising its use by private enterprise.
In most cas-stf where the government
owns what are called water power
sites nlong uonnavlgable streams,
which are really riparian lots, without
which the power in the stream eannut
be used, wo have a situation as t"
ownership that may bo described as
follows: The federal government has
land without which the power in the
stream cannot be transmuted Into ele -tricity
and applied at a distance, while
It is claimed that the state under the
law of waters as It prevails in many
of our western states controls the im
of the water and gives the beneficial
use to the first and continuous usei.
In order to secure proper care by the
i state governments over these sources
j of power It has been proposed that (lie
i government shall deed the water pow
or site to the state on condition tint
the site and all the plant upon it shall
revert to the government unless the
state parts with the site only by a
lease, the terms of which it enforces
and which requires a revaluation of
tho rental every ten years, the full
term to last not more than fifty years
A failure of the state to make and en
force such leases would enable the
government by nn action of forfeiture
to recover the power sites and all
plants that might bo erected thereon.
aim mis power oi pcuuuzing muse wuo
succeed to the control would furnish a
motive to compel the observance of the
policy of the government.
The secretary of the interior has suj;
gested another method by which the
water power site shall bo leased di
rectly by the government to those who
exercise a public franchise under pro
visions Imposing a rental for the wa
ter power to create a fund to be e
I)cmku by tl)0 geIlerai government for
tne lml)rovemeut 0f the stream and the
bencflt of tlle local community where ,
tuo power slt0 isj and permtting the
: stnt(J to vegulate the rates at which
th -onvprtod nower fa Hold. Tho lnt-
! tor method suggested by the secretary
Is a more direct method for federal
! control, and in view of the probable
! union and systematic organization and
1 welding together of the power derived
from wnter within a radius of P.00 o
400 tulles. I think It better that th
power of control should remain In the
national government than that It
should be turned over to the states
Under such n system the federal gov
eminent would have such direct super
vision of the whole matter that an
honest administration could easily pre
vent the nbuses which a monopoly of
absolute ownership In private persons
or companies would make possible
Bureau of National Parks.
I earnestly recommend the establish
ment of a bureau of national parks
Such legislation is essential to the prop nfter they have arisen.
, er management of those wondrous In spite of the frequency with which
1 manifestations of nature, so startling we are exposed to these dangers nnd in
nnd so beautiful that every one recog j spite of the absence of provision for
, nlzes the obligations of the government dealing with them we continue to as
to preserve them for the edification and sutne with easy going confidence that
recreation of the people. The Yellow
stoue park, the Yosemlte, the Grand
canyon of the Colorado, the Glacier
National park and the Mount Rainier
National park aud others furnish ap
propriate Instances. Iu only one case
have we made anything like adequate
preparation for tho use of a park by
the public. That case Is the Yellow
stone National park. Every considera
tion of patriotism and the love of na
ture and of beauty and of art requires
us to expend money enough to bring
all these natural wonders within easy
reach of our people. The first step In
thut direction Is the establishment of
n responsible bureau which shall take
upon Itself the burden of supervising
the parks and of making recommenda
tions ns to the best method of Improv
ing their accessibility nnd usefulness.
International Commission on the Cost
of Living.
There bus been a strong movement
among economists, business men and
others Interested In economic Investiga
tion to seourn the uunolntmeut of an
International commission to loos: into
the cause for the high prices of tho ne
cessities of life. There Is no doubt but
that a commission could be nppolnted
of such unprejudiced and Impartial per
sons, experts in investigation of eco
nomic facts, that a great deal of very
valuable light could he shed upon the
reasons for the high prices that have so
distressed the people of tho world and
Information given upon which action
might be taken to reduce the cost of
living. Thc very satisfactory report
of the railway ato.-k and bonds com
mission Indicates how useful un lnvcs
tlgatlon of this kind can be when un
dertaken by men who have had ade
quate experience In economic inquiries
and a levelheadedness nud judgment
correctly to apply sound principles to
the facts found.
For some years past thc high and
steadily Increasing cost of living has
been a matter of such grave public con--orn
that I deem it or great public in
tcrest that an international confer
ence be proposed at this lime for the
puriKJse of preparing plans, to be sub
mitted to the various governments, for
an international inquiry into the high
cost of living, Its extent, causes, ef
fects and ixissible remedies. 1 there
fore recommend that to enable the
president to invite foreign govern
ments to such a conference, to be held
at Washington or elsewhere, the con
gress provide an appropriation, not to
exceed $20,000. to defray the expenses
of preparation and of participation by
the United States.
The numerous investigations on the
subject, official or other, already made
in various countries isuch as Austria,
Belgium. Canada, Denmark, France.
Germany, Great Britain. Italy, the
Netherlands and the United States)
have themselves strongly demonstrat
ed the need of further study of world
wide scope. Those who have conduct
ed these investigations have found
that the phenomenon of rising prices
is almost. If not quite, general through
out the world, but they are unfiled in
tlie attempt to trace the causes by the
impossibility of making any accurate
international comparisons. This Is be
cause. In spite of the number of Inves
tigations already made, we are still
without adequate data and because as
yet no two countries estimate their
price levels on the same basis or by
the same methods.
As already Indicated, tho preliminary
conference itself would entail a com
paratively small expense, and most of
the subsequent Investigations for which
it would prepare tho way could be car
ried out by existing bureaus in this
and other governments as part of their
regular work and would require little.
If any, additional appropriations for
such burenus.
Commission on Industrial Relations.
The extraordinary growth of Indus
try In the past two decades and its
revolutionary changes have raised new
and vital questions as to the relations
between employers and wage earners
which have become matters of press
ing public concern. These questions
have been somewhat obscured by the
profound changes in the relations be
tween competing producers nnd pro
ducers as a class and consumers In
otller worug
by the changes which,
among other results, have given rise
to what is commonly called the trust
problem. Tho large scale production
characteristic of modern industry,
however. Involves the one set of rela
tions no less than the other. Any In
terruption to tho normal and peaceful
relations between employer and wage
earner Involves public discomfort and
In many cases public dlsnster. Such
Interruptions become, therefore, quite
ns much a matter of public concern as
restraint of trade or monopoly.
Industrial relations concern the pub
lic for n double reason. We are di
rectly Interested in the maintenance of
peaceful aud stablo industrial condi
tions for the sake of our own comfort
and well being, but society Is equally
Interested In Its sovereign civic capac
ity in seeing that our Institutions are
effectively maintaining justice and fair
dealing between any classes of citizens
whose economic Interests may seem to
clash. Railway strikes on such a scale
as has recently been witnessed In
France and In England, a strike of
coal mine workers such as we have
more than once witnessed In this coun
try and such a wholesale relinquishing
of a public service as that of the street
cleaners recently In New York Illus
trate the serious danger to public well
being nnd the inadequacy of the exist
ing social machinery either to prevent
such occurrences or to adjust them on
nny equitable and permanent basis
In each new case somehow or other tho
parties to the dispute will find some
solution which will be agreeable to
themselves aud consistent with the pub
He Interest. We all see the grave ob
jections to strikes and lockouts, how
ever necessary they may be In extreme
cases, and we are ready to criticise the
more extreme phases of the Industrial
conflict, such us boycotts and black
lists, but we leave the situation such
thnt Industrial disputes lead Inevitably
to a state of Industrial war In which
these are the only weapons left to tho
two combatants. No more clumsy or
expensive method of determining tho
rate of wages and the hours and con
ditions of labor could well be devised.
Tho successful operation of the Erd
man act as between Interstate railroads
nnd their employees shows how much
good can be done by proper legislation.
At the moment when the discomforts
and dangers Incident to Industrial strife
are actually felt by the public there Is
usually an outcry for the establishment
of some tribunal for tho Immediate set-
tlomwit of tho particular dispute, hut
what Is needed Is some system, devised
by patient nnd deliberate study In ad
vance, that will meet these constantly
occurring nnd clearly foreseeable emer
gencies, not u makeshift to tide over an
existing crisis. Not during the rain
storm, but In fair weather, should the
leaking roof bo examined and re
paired. The magnitude nnd complexity of
modern Industrial disputes have put
apon some of our statutes and our
present mechanism for adjusting such
differences-whore we can be said to
have any mechanism at all a strain
they were never Intended to bear and
for which they nre unsulted. What Is
urgently needed today Is a reexamina
tion of our Inws bearing upon the rela
tions of employer and employee nnd
a enreful and discriminating scrutiny
of tho various plnns which nre being
tried In sovernl of our own states ami
In other countries. This would seem
In bo the first natural step In bringing
about an adjustment of those relntlons
better suited to tho newer conditions
of Industry.
Numerous special Investigations, of
ficial and unofficial, have revealed con
ditions In more than one Industry
which have immediately been recog
nized on nil sides as entirely out of
harmony with accepted American
standards. It Is probable that to a
great extent tho remedies for these
conditions, so far as the remedies In
volve legislation, lie In tho field of
state nctlon. But such a comprehen
sive Inquiry ns is necessary to furnish
n basis for Intelligent action must be
undertaken on national Initiative and
must be nation wide In its scope. In
view of the results thnt have followed
the activities of tho federal govern
ment In education, In agriculture and
In other fields which do not lie primar
ily within tho field of federal legisla
tion there can be no serious argument
against the propriety or tho wisdom
of nn Inquiry by the federal govern
mjnt Into the general conditions of
labor In the United States, notwith
standing the fact that some of the
remedies will lie with the separate
states or even entirely outside the
sphere of governmental activity In tho
hands of private Individuals and of
voluntary agencies. One legitimate :
object of such nn official Investigation
and report is to enlighten and Inform i
public opinion, which of itself will
often Induce or compel the reform of
unjust conditions or the abatement of
unreasonable demands.
The special Investigations that have
been made of recent Industrial con
dltlons, whether private or official,
have been fragmentary, incomplete
and at best only partially representa
tive or typical. Their lessons, never- .
tholess, are Important, and until some- '
thing comprehensive and adequate Is
available they serve a useful purpose,
nnd they will necessarily continue to
be made. But unquestionably the time
is now ripe for a searching inquiry
Into the subject of industrial relations
which shall be official, authoritative,
balanced and well rounded, such as
ouly the federal government can suc
cessfully undertake. The present wide
this nn onnortune time for an invest!-
gatlon. which ln uny event cannot long
bo postponed. It should be nonpar
tisan, comprehensive, thorough, pa
tient nnd courageous.
There Is already available much in
formation on certain aspects of the
subject lu the reports of the federal
nnd state bureaus of labor and In oth
er official and unofficial publications.
One essential part of tho proposed in
quiry would naturally he to assemble,
digest and interpret this Information
so far as It bears upon our present In
dustrial conditions. In addition to
this tho commission should inquire into
the general conditions of labor ln our
principal Industries, into the existing
relntlons between employers and em
ployees in those industries, into the va
rious methods which have been tried
for maintaining mutually satisfactory
relatlous between employees and em
ployers and for avoiding or adjusting
trade disputes, and into the scope,
methods and resources of federal and
state bureaus of labor nnd the meth
ods by which they might more ade
quately meet the responsibilities which
through the work of the commission
above recommended would bo more
clearly brought to light nnd defined.
Misbranding Imported Goods.
My attention has been called to the
Injustice whkh is done In this country
by the sale of articles in the trade pur
porting to be made In Ireland, when
they are not so made, aud It Is suggest
ed thnt the Justice of the enactment of
a law which, so far as the Jurisdiction j
of tho federal government can go,
would prevent u continuance of this
misrepresentation to the public nnd
fraud upon those who are entitled to
use the statement in the sale of their
goods. I think it to be greatly lu the
Interest of fair dealing, which ought
nlways to be encouraged by law, for
congress to enact a law making It a
misdemeanor punishable by fine or Im
prisonment to use the malls or to put
into Interstate commerce any articles
of merchandise which bear upon their ,
face a statement that they have been
manufactured In some particular couu
try when the fact is otherwise.
uilding For Public Archives,
I cannot . lose this message without
Inviting the attention of congress agaiu
to the necessity for the erection of a
building to contain the public archives
The unsatisfactory distribution of rec -
orus. ttie lack or any proper nines or
guide to their contents. Is well known
to those familiar with the needs of the
government In this capital. The laud
has been purchased, and nothing re
mains now but the erection of a proper
building. I transmit a letter written
by Profossir J. Franklin Jameson, dl
ector of Hie i1nurtiiieiit of liltrlal
II1I3UIUU1UII. Ill M IlILMI lit! Mllt'lllvM 1111(1
4m.. nnnnlntml 1 1 . ,... n .u... I .... . . .... . .
to brlncr thn mutter to (lie ntientlnn n
the president and congress.
WM. II. TAFT.
The White House, Feb. 2, 1012.
LITERARY FREAKS.
Curious Styles of Composition Tha
Amused Old Timo Writers.
With many writers, especially Ii
olden times, various curious styles o
composition were much In favor. On
nlitllnr fnr eriimtile. trnnlil imntnu
verses with some particular lette
omitted from every stanza. Other
would write in such a way that Ih
i in u ivau liiv. Duuit: uuv. iv i, ill li mill ill
ward, and still others made nnnsrnm
It wns fashionable at one time to writ
verses In fantastic shapes.
n1... .. f ., I ..... I .. ..
was imitated, and this was done b
lengthening or shortening the llnc3 a
required, though with sad detriment t
the verse. Where the design wa4
liottlo n number of short lines wmil
eulng, the shoulder would bo forme-
nnd then body.
mere were niso verses arranged l
ine loriu oi u pair oi gloves, a pair o
NIllH'lIII-ll. (!lf. iMIIM'l IIlfllM III I I1W
(li uieiiiiv iiivmiiv uri ill ill iiiiiini l
French, Spanish and English books o
the sixteenth century.
dulii in wuimi uiiu .iuiiuu such ii
cicu ui un- luijai'HL u.i. ill llie ra
tor countrv the noot not lnfrenuentl
arranges his verses in the shape of
man's head, thus perhaps giving a fa
i i . . i j .. .. . 1 1. .. i . i . .. . ,..
nrwl 4lwii.nl. Iw. " 1 . 1 n . .. . 1.
so nice a choice, choosing perhaps
i:u .v ul ULiiei iiiiiiiij.il lur nil? ik-mili
they display greater ingenuity.
VllllJIlLl 11111 flllMMlM (11 II 1 I 111..
ary freaks are the lipogrammati
wnrifl in ivmen nnn inner nr me n
phnbet Is omitted. Tho "Odyssey" o
11JIM1IUUUIU.1 IS (.-UIIilMI&UU 111 IUIS Wil
Tin nlnl.n t. I.I.. II. . 1. ....!.
beta In his second, anil so nn with th
subsequent letters one after another.
This "Odyssey" was an Imitation o
from he had purposely omitted tho let
ter sigma. This Ingenuity became
literary fad. encouraged even by thos
who, It might be thought, would b
In Latin there is a work bv Fulcei
tlus divided into twenty-three chapter
iiueuiuill IU lliL' Ullier UL LUU IWeUlj
iiueu leuers ui im ijiinii luiiimiie
runnier is wiiniiiiL inn xiH-miii win
out B. aud so on.
Ttia Tlflreln no nli-n nnnnni fx linr
neeii iriveTi rii i iw !roni;Kfi wnr
There Is a story to the effect that
poet read to the celebrated Jaml
rrnvnl iT tile mvn .nm rwwir Inn w i!n
Jaml did not like.
The writer contended that it was
! wus not to bc . found ln one of tu
ntely remarked:
. . . ...... . I . . 1 ..... .!... . - . . . . ..
nn-nif nil Mir. lnlfni-o rnni flin Tnrd
Hats In Elizabeth's Time.
ml ..1.1 . . i .1 i e ,
iL-u. lilt li iir ill u?.e ill nit, I line ii
11.. VUUll U.IU ... VUU V.IIUH.-IUUI.
. .. 1 .- .....! . 1 . .1... 1 .. I
lire' ornneii wirri some innrnriji
AviniMi li iinisr ii.-ivi. iii.iin miir ii-viri'
nil..! I in, ill iv r in ii Aviiui r I i li pi Mil'
tt M... I'llintnml IIiII.ao" .Kfltti
I -I I !n I . ...I.I.. l.ll
. 1 .. . . f T' 1 . .-..II 1
nil , in i .un..,. i li..- ii.aLiiuua ui: 1.11
.1 .1.1 ..t,-.l.rr nn I tin. L.,lllV it I. rtl-,. f tl
11. IL UL' UlllVl .1 1 . LI J . 1 . 1U1 0IlUi: ill
in siiKe. some iil veivei. smile tu 1:1
S...t .....1 .......... .....! ...I.1..I. I
innre euriniis some nr n rnrrnm Kin
111 11111, ii.-iui. 1 iii'si. inev i-iiii in. !
Ii:i I I I'M. Ill V V .X .X V III- .VI. l I . Ill IIU
nrlce. fetched from bevond the seas
Ti-nm TV linn., n ci-nnr curl nr 1. r vn
r tv tin I'drnii nodules. 111 1 lie renin 11
IT (Mil 1...... . . . . 1 .. . ,- ., ,
.... 1 1, ..-1... n...l
their adornment. London Spectator.
Tomb or Omar Khayyam.
Omar Khayyam's tomb at Nlshapu
111 Mil 11111,1 ' ...
. . . . ..1 I I. , .11. ,
LTMIlieil Ul ine UlUStlllL IS SU 11(11 11
UX'l ii.". illillll.ll Kll lUtlllf UUl- IU Ul
...I. I. .1 .1. II MM. .... 1.. . ....
Willi Lll'ilLll. 1 UL L' IS III! 1I1S rilllllll
11 T 11 111 ine 11111111. 11 Miiiinie i-nse iiimiii 111
1.1.1. v-. tuiuui rv-i iuuiui ?, 1 lun--'ui
.Tnetrsiin. who Intuit- vfctteil fhe Klinf-.
names upon the brown mortar of th
1 adjoining walls, disclosing the whit
cement underneath. A stick of wood,
a stone und some fragments of shards
profaned the top of the sarcophagus
when we saw It. There wns nothing
else. It Is to be regretted that some of
Omar's admirers In the Occident do not
provide n suitable Inscription on tho
spot to show the renown he enjoys in