TAUE
T11E CITIZEN, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 0, 1011.
THE SCIENCE
OF
How Modern Methods af
aajectEmpIoyer and
'Employee
HINTS ON SCIENTIFIC MANAGE
MENT OF IJUSINESS TO IN
CKKASE 1MIOF1TH.
(Mr. James Dodge has been very
successful in Introducing methods of
scientific management In the business
of the Link Bolt Company of Phila
delphia, and was one of the most ef
fective witnesses called by Mr. Louis
D. Brandels, counsel for the sea
board shippers In the recent rate
hearings before the Interstate Com
merce Commission.)
Five or six years ago, I was proud
of the fact that I was the head of a
concern which was so well managed
that It would have been an Insult for
anyone to suggest that we could .im
prove our methods even In the
minutest particular.
But one rainy day 1 went down to
the extreme corner of our grounds
and found two men in a shed break
ing up coal with a piece of joist. A
year before, when the blacksmiths
had been much driven and their help
ers did not have time to bring in the
coal and break It up for them, they
had asked the boss laborer for two
men to break coal. At the end of
twelve months they were still at
work and might still be If I hadn't
found It out. This case, extreme as
it was, showed how our magnificent
management failed for we manufac
ture and sell machines for crushing
coal.
"After a while Mr. Frederick W.
Taylor told me that he was turning
steel, cutting steel, at Bethlehem at
a rate which to me was beyond
credence. I went and saw him do
what he said he was doing but I
couldn't even believe the evidence of
my own eyes, it was so remarkable.
Mr. Taylor's tools which were made
to work the hardest steel at first fail
ed on cast Iron but after repeated Im
provements ho produced some that
did wonderful work on the softer ma
terial. Then we found that we could
sometimes do work, so far as the act
ual cutting was concerned, ten times
as fast as before. We did not turn
out ten times as much product, be
cause a great deal of the time was oc
cupied In getting the steel or cast
iron ready, and the time of prepara
tion also had to be counted In.
With modern guns we can shoot ten
or twenty or thirty or forty bullets
about as fast as we could shoot one
with the gun which In the old days
tooK nve minutes to load. So Mr.
Taylor did with his steel.
"It became apparent to us that if
we were going to turn out work
twice or three times as fast as we
had done before, we must make a
change In our scale of pay. Our
rato was fixed and It didn't make
much difference -whether a man
made one or two tools a day or one
an hour. But if he were Koine to
make ten in an hour and so multi
ply our output by five, it was annar
ent that we needed some rudimentary
accounting to make our pay harmon
ize with the Increased speed nt
which Mr. Taylor made us do our
work.
"At first the question came up as
to whether the workmen would work
at this increased rate of speed. We
simply had to get men who would
permit their tools to do the work at
the new rate. A few of tho old
men left us because after seeing
their lathes turn around at a low
speed for twenty or thirty or forty
years it proved too great a nervous
strain on them when the rate was
increased so greatly. It kept them
too intent upon their lathe expect
ing a disaster. But the younger
men were fascinated and the largo
majority are still with us. The men
In shops under scientific manage
ment are well satisfied. A sympa
thetic strike was called to aid the
trolley car motormen and conduc
tors In Philadelphia In 1910 that
effected workmen in all sorts of en
terprises. A certain factory running
under scientific management was
surrounded by four other establish
ments. Throe of the four lost about
one-half of their men through the
sympathetic strike and In the fourth
all went out. In the shop running
under scientific management just
one roan quit work.
"Now this was no accident but Is
because tho very best friends that
the workmen have under scientific
management are their employers.
Formerly wo would tell a man we
would give him ten cents for a cer
tain piece of work. Then if ho re
duced his time so that he could
make two, we would reduce tho rate
to five cents because we thought the
man was making too much money.
But we were getting twice as much
work for tho same money while the
uen had not been getting any more
pay whereas we ought to have con
gratulated tho man on what he
made and both bo happy.
"We adopted a now rule which
was that a rate once set muBt not
bo reduced unless the shape of the
piece or the tool or method by
which it Is made was changed and
that a man should be paid when he
did his work. It was a hard dose
to swallow for sometimes men made
twice or three times the wage they
would have worked for gladly toy
the day. Onco In a while when I
went among them, a man would call
out, "Well, I got you going to-day;"
"How?" "I made eighteen dollars
to-day." "Good, you might take me
to the theatre to-night." "All right,
boss, I will."
All this time we were getting from
a given floor space, from a fixed In
vestment in light, heat and power,
Insurance, taxes, all overhead ex
penses and so on two or three times
the product that had beon obtained
before. Only the men's wges had
increased, everything else stood the
same. Every Item in the aggregate
was steadily going down.
We next studied Mr. Taylor's Idea
of the function of machinery and the
BUSINESS
application of his rule that every
man in the factory should do the
kind of work for which he is best
fitted and that only. If a man is
good at a lathe, let him do that and
nothing else. Every man admits it
when his attention is called to It
but it is only when you prove It to
men that they fully realize It. We
found, for Instance, that It cost us
$53 a week for the men to get
drinking water In one of tho shops.
Nearly all of theso men wanted to
drink; they didn't leave their work
because they wanted to loaf. So wo
hired a boy at flvo dollars a week
to carry drinking water around the
works. It increased a man's facility
for doing his work. Wo hired lab
orers at twelve dollars a week to
help the machinists to get ready for
their work and instructors to go
around to help the men to do their
right thing in the right way. What
was the result7 We made more
money and more product and yet wo
were paying higher wages.
There are now some 60,000 men
working under scientific manage
ment and they are engaged in struc
tural work, foundries, cotton mills,
printing and lithographing, office
work, manufacture of electrical ma
chinery, steel business, machine
shop work and the paper business.
The employers and owners of all
theso factories are receiving about
twice the product per man and per
machine on an .average compared
with tho former situation and tho
workmen are receiving 30 per cent,
higher wages.
Such a Thoughtful Woman.
When the man und woman started
down the subway stairs the man felt
in his pockets for t idiots.
"By George!" he said. "Isa't that a
shame? I've got to stop In all this
mob nnd buy tickets."
"Oh, no, you huven't," said the wo
man. "1 have them. When 1 came
downtown 1 remembered what you
said about those people- who buy only
one ticket at a time making such a
nuisanco of themselves, so, as I had
15 cents to spare, I bought three tick
ets. 1 havo two left. Wo can go
right on through."
So tho man and the woman drifted
along with tho pushing crowd to the
point where tho ticket chopper held
them up and demanded tribute. Then
the woman looked In her purso for the
tickets. Suddenly her faco assumed a
painful Manliness.
"I I haven't got them," sho falter
ed. "I was In such a hurry when I
came through that I must havo drop
ped all three tickets Into the uptown
box." New York Herald.
A Note That Was Paid.
History Is constantly repeating it
self. Once upon a time a landlady in
Washington called on President An
drew Jackson and told of a govern
ment clerk who owed her a big bill for
board. In those days it was easy to
have access to the White House.
President Jackson listened to her
story and advised her to get a promis
sory note from the clerk and put it in
bank. Sho replied:
"I've done that twice, general, and
ho won't pay even then."
"Is that so?" said tho president in
surprise. "Now you go and get his
note and bring it to me. I simply
want to see it, and I'm sure that tho
clerk will pay that note. Go and
bring it to mo."
Tho landlady did so, and soon return
ed with tho promissory note. The
president turned it over and wrote
across tho back of it his own indorse
ment: "A. Jackson."
That note was paid at maturity.
Cincinnati Commercial Tribune.
Waves In Solid Metal.
As illustrating the advances in metal
Inrgy and engineering It has been
demonstrated that solid metals may
reveal by their structure the vibra
tions to which they havo been subject
ed. In explaining this phenomenon
experiments have been shown proving
that a beautiful wave structure can be
Imparted to the surface of mercury
by tho vibrations of a tuning fork, and
that even the surface of solid lead
which had been subjected to similar
vibrations possesses a structure re
sembling that of a vibrating surface
qf mercury. Mild steel has been de
fined as a "solid solution" of Iron and
carbon, free from cinders. Metallur
gists have doubled tho strength of steel
as it was known in its early days.
Scientific American.
Relieved.
"Where did you got theso examples
of faultily constructed sentences?" ask
ed Dr. Campbell, the great rhetorician.
of n student
"Out of one of your books, doctor."
"What? Where? Out of one of my
books?"
"Yes, sir; out of your 'Rhetoric "
"Out of my 'Ithetoric!' " roared tho
doctor. "Impossible! Never did I
make use of such language. You are
mistaken, badly mistaken. But but
where in my 'Rhetoric' did you find
such composition?" ho demanded an
grlly.
"In the part, 'Sentences to bo Cor
rected.' "
"O-h-h-h-h-h! A-h-h-h-hl Yes, yes,1
said tho relieved doctor. Philadelphia
North American.
Too Much For Her.
Calling ono day to see an old friend
who was visiting her married son, I
inquired of tho colored maid who an.
swercd the bell, "Is Mrs. Smith at
homo?'
"Yas'm, sho home," tho girt replied,
showing no inclination to Invito me
in. "She here, all right, but sho got
a misery in de hold."
"Mrs. Smith senior?" I nskod with
concern.
"Seen mel" sho exclaimed suspicious
ly. "Coso sho seen ma Huccomo she
a la' seo mo wca sho hire me las'
night bub own self?" And ebo indig
nantly shut tho aMr-f4sat&m,
RARE STATUE OF LINCOLN
DISCOVERED IN FfiAtfCE
Portrays Great Emancipator os a Boy.
Presented to Colonel Watteroon.
"Inspired of God. Henry Wnticr-
son." Such is the Inscription the Ulmu
of American Journalists wrote on a
newly cast bronze statue of Abraham
Lincoln. Tho whole storv is as inter
esting as n romance, for no ono knew
that a statue of the martyr president
existed lu Frnnce. It was hidden awy
and forgotten In tho lumber room of
n medieval chateau, and it required
the keen eye if a man with nrtlHtli
tastes to discover it
Ames Van Wart of Now York Is a
grandnephew of Washington Irviiijr.
Ho is connected with Paris as well n3
Trt-lnrtnn-nn.thf-ITiidRnn nnd Slnonv
Hollow. Ho is also the owner of the j
fine old Chateau des Grottcaux, near
the royal town of Blois. He Is rich,
yet he is n great sculptor. One d:iy
when lingering with the ghosts of the
old chateau In Touralne tho Idea
struck him of producing a statue of
"The Boyhood of Lincoln." ncre was
the Impulse of the divine afflatus.
united with the warm glow of patriot
ism. And tho result is a masterpiece
in the opinion of those who ought to
know.
The statue shows Lincoln as a
thoughtful boy of seventeen. He Is
wearing the ploy shoes, blue jeans nnd
soft shirt of a backwoodsman. His ax
is by his side. He has Just raised his
eyes from Wecms' "Life of Washing
ton." Tho expression conveys tho Idea
that the backwoods boy has heard a
whisper of his terrible destiny.
"I saw him represented frequently
In his old age, his work finished," says
the sculptor, "but knew of no work
representing him in his rail splitting
days of struggle and prescient en
deavor. I sought to represent him as
I felt he was strong, simple, earnest.
sad."
The man who discovered the statue
is Verncr Z. Reed, a Colorado banker
nnd man of letters. Ono day his friend
Van Wart asked htm to come to his
chateau to sec a cast of a form he had
Just mode. Mr. Reed, catching a
glimpse of the statue of Lincoln, said:
"But this is far and away tho best
tiling you have ever done. All Ameri
cans will be interested in it, and It
must not remain hidden here In a lum
ber room."
The statue was sent to Paris for re
production in bronze. Presently Colonel
Wntterson, the biographer of Lincoln,
Van Wart and Reed, went to seo the
first bronze. The first sight tho ven
erable colonel had of the statue pulled
hlin up sharp. He looked at it intently
and removed his bat. He turned to the
sculptor nnd said:
"I do not understand how you have
been able to do it I oannot under
stand how It was possible for you or 1
any otuor man. nut l know tno suape
of Abraham Lincoln's head. I remem
ber every lineament of his face, and
when ho was a boy Lincoln was that."
Mr. Van Wart decided to present the
statue to Colonel Watterson. Tho
colonel accepted gratefully, on condi
tion that It should go to tho cltj of
Louisville after his death.
FUNERAL OF A DOG.
White Hearse, Silk Lined Coffin and
Roses For an Irish Setter.
A funeral more elaborate than xuose
given for many human beings was
held at Buffalo for Taunt, an Irish
setter, owned by Mr. and Mrs. Robex-t
Cronin.
An expensive coffin, lined with white
satin, such as is used for children, held
tho dog's body. A white hearse drawn
by white horses carried it from the
hospital to the railroad station, where
tho funeral party took a train for
West Falls. A carriage followed tho
hearse. Mr. and Mrs. Cronin were ac
companied to tho place of burial by
two neighbors.
The funeral attracted much atten
tion. Before the coffin was taken
away many took a last look at tho
dog, which had been a general favor
ite In the neighborhood. Tho body
had been embalmed and the bead rest
ed upon a satin lace trimmed pillow
Around tho dead dog's neck was it
huge bow of pink ribbon.
At West Palls Taunt's body was low
ered into a grave lined with hemlock
boughs. Overhead is a wild cherry
tree. Carnations and roses covered
the top of tho coffin. Tho gravo is on
a leautlful hlllsido overlooking Pike's
Crock ravine, on Glen Rose farm. A
Kimple granite shaft with tho letter
ing "Sacred to tho Memory of Taunt"
has boon ordered for the grave.
Tno Cronlns havo no children, and
Taunt from his puppy days has re
ceived tho enre nnd attention usually
bestowed upon a baby, being brought
up on a bottle. At night tle dog slept
on a feather bed. Latterly Taunt had
lacn accustomed to drinking a couple
of bottles of Bass ale before going to
sleep.
Rare Colonial Flag.
W, T. Dennlston of Spokane cherish
es an American flag' which has been
in tho Dennlston family for 121 years.
The flag, which Is of bunting and all
hand sowed, was made In 1700. It Is a
flag of tho Revolution, having thir
teen stars and thirteen stripes.
Gold Production Statistics.
The gold production of Natal nnd
Zululand for the year ended Dec. 31,
1010, woo 4,181 flno ounces, valued at
$80,487, and there was also an estimat
ed 112 ounces of fine silver, worth
about $50, contained In the gold bul
CANDIDATE, for 1'HOTHONOTAUV,
To the Republicans ot Wayne Co.
I take this, means of announcing
myself as a candidate for the noml
nation of Prothonotary at the pri
maries, Sept. 30, 1911.
To most of you I am known per
sonally. During my seventeen years
of service as a clerk in the Hones-
dale postofllce my efforts have been
to perform my duties faithfully and
courteously to the patrons of the or
flee and tho public generally.
To the voters with whom I am not
personally acquainted I would say
that, since a severe Injury sustain
ed by my father a few years before
hie accidental death when I was six
teen years old I have tried to make
an honest living. My birthplace was
in Texas township, district No. 4,
Wayne county. .My school days
were limited to the district school
and the Honesdale High school. As
a boy of eleven years I spent my
summers slate picking on the Dela
ware & Hudson dock and attended
school during the winter. I also
spent several summers working on a
farm in Cherry Ridge.
After school I entered the office
of the Honesdalo Iron Works, known
now as the Guerney Electric Elevator
Co., where I stayed a number of
years and later entered the Hones
dale postofllce serving two years un
der William F. Brlggs. I then went
to tho Carbondale Lumber company
as a bookkeeper, remaining with
them until the apointment as post
master of Miss Mary E. Gerety, who
later became the wife of Hon. C. A.
McCarty. In June, 1896, I returned
to the Honesdale postofllce where I
have been employed ever since. In
coming bfore the people and asking
their assistance and vote at the com
ing primaries, let me say that I am
no tool of any boss or bosses. I
simply desire in common with every
American citizen to better my condi
tion. Your support will be appre
ciated and if nominated and elected
I will devote all my time and atten
tion to the duties of the office to
which I aspire.
Most cordially yours,
JOHN K. SHAItl'STEEN.
I. G. SIMONS,
Sterling, la.
REPUBLICAN CANDIDATE FOR
COUNTY COMMISSIONER.
CANDIDATE FOR SHERIFF
T. Y. BOYD.
I wish to announce to the Repub
lican voters or wayno county that I
am a candidate for the nomination
at the coming primaries for tho of
fice of Sheriff. Your vote and you,r
support in my behalf will be greatly
appreciated,
T, Y. BOYD,
Boyds Mills,
A. O. BLAKE
AUCTIONEER & CATTLE DEALER
YOU WILL MAKE MONEY
BY HAVING ME
Bell Phone 9-U BETHANY, PA:
Roll of
HONO
AtterMon is called totne STRENGTH
of the
Wayne County
i
The FINANCIER of New York
City has published a ROLL Or
HONOR of the 11,470 State Banks
and Trust Companies of United
States. In this list the WAYNE
COUNTY SAVINGS BANK
Stands 38th In the United States
Stands lOtli in Pennsylvania.
Stands FIRST in Wayne County.
Capital, Surplus, $527,342.88
Total ASSETS, $2,951,048.26
Honesdale. Pa.. December 1,
DIGNITY and
CONFIDENCE
It is wonderful what an
amount of dignity and confi
dence one gets from the fact
that he has a growing bank ac
count. The possession of motl
ey you have earned and saveo
yourself makes you independent
mentally as well as In regard to
material things.
Become a regular depositor in
a good, strong, growing insti
tution like the
Honesdale Dime Bank
We will help you with three
per cent. Interest. Each new de
positor Is presented with a use
ful, as weH as ornamental house
hold bank.
We make a specialty of loan
ing money to Wayne county peo
ple. Business accounts solicited.
Call and see us or you can do
your banking with us by mall.
Write and we will tell you
how.
JOS. A. FISCH, Cashier.
E. C. MUMF0RD, President.
EXECUTOR'S NOTICE.
Estate of Anne Delezenne, late of
the borough of Honesdale, Pa.,
deceased.
All persons Indebted to the said
estate are notified to make immedt
ato payment to the undersigned: and
those having claims against the said
estate are notified to present them
duly attested for settlement.
HOMER GREENE, Executor.
Honesdale, July 10, 1911.
Ban
savings
spSf NEWEST PRODUCTIONS SWG
IN OUR
COMPLETE STOCK
The House Furnishing
the New Goods from the Manufacturer.
The Floor Rugs
in all sizes made can be had in
Quality and Value Leads and Satisfies.
Carpets
more to be desired than in any year are bright, soft and harmon
ious in blendings
Window and Door Curtains and
Portieres
are all that heart and eye can
tistic and captivating.
The Floor
in Mattings and Linoleums are
Spring and Summer use. Glean, healthful and cool.
Shades
in all grades and standard sizes on hand. Special measurements
made tc order and best goods furnished.
Room Mouldings, Plate Rails
and Bead finish in many new styles and cold's.
Select your goods early and secure tho best before stocks are
broken up in many patterns and styles.
MENHEB & CO. Stores, Kevstone Block
PI VWLVJl
HONESDALE, PA.
. F. Weaver
Architect id Builder
Plans & Estimates
Furnished
Residence, 1302 EastSt.
The Home of the
Honesdale
National
ORGANIZED
1836
f
Progressive
Conservative
Successful
Will extend every facility
that good banking will
justify.
Accounts of individuals,
firms and corporations soli
cited. Correspondence invited
OFFICERS:
HENRY Z. KUSSELL--EDWIN F. TORRKY
PRESIDENT. CASHIER.
ANDREW THOMPSON - A. C. LINDSAY
VICE PRESIDENT ASSISTANT CASHIER
DIRECTORS:
Henry Z. Russell
Edwin F. Torret
Horace T. Menner
Louie J. Dorflinger
Andrew Thompson
Homer Greene
James C. Birdsall
E.B.HARDENBEROn
Philip R. Murray
German-American Home
m Men A Women, young Aold.
I lP3llt1PIlf. 11 StKcrlic A ch'I rl Cored, I
IttHllllWllll Qniik Ac idTtrtblac Dattor.
Fooltd, Df f Iftd or Ilobhcit Ton, Da't iit "
The GERMAN AMERICAN TREATMENT.
etrUtlr tieUntltl ComblsitUn Seltited A Conhlatd oil
et 6000 Dllttriol Draif. to "It etch A twrj IndlTldul
Cm, ! poiltlf elf tho Only Cure bo nttUr wtubioovcr
jOBf Allmtnt or D Ik tie w7 b, eme or orlrla, bo aisttor
who (tiled. Write, elate your Cio In etriet tonftdut.
ACuretiUAItAJiiTKEU. IddreiiQLD GERMAN
DOCTOR Lt Uux UHtfO. 1'hlUdelDhla, I'a.
Department is Complete with
the Best Designs and Colorings.
wish, Design and Shading very ar
Coverings
just the thing for the coming
- r