THE CITIZEN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1000.
FARMERS' UNION A FACT.
Million and a Half Members Work To
gether to Control Prices of Prodi-cts.
The Farmers' Education. nml Co
operative Union of America now has n
membership of l.iiOU.OOO In the twenty
four states where It Is organized. One
of the objects of the union Is to rush
the construction of elevators In time
for the handling of the wheat crop of
1909 when it Is thrashed. The organi
zation Is the outcome of n project sug
gested by a Texas schoolteacher.
All the southern states have union
organizations, as have Missouri. Illi
nois, Kansas, Kentucky, Oklahoma and
Washington. Two great crops, cotton
and wheat, have received the attention
of the uulon up to date. IHit this will
not bo the limit of the organization's
activity in the future, the members
assort.
It Is the object of the union to make
"standard" prices for everything raised
on American farms, from a bale of
cotton to a dozen eggs. As yet, how
ever, there has been no scale of prices
fixed to cover the whole list. That Is
a matter to bo worked out by each
state organization. There Is a mini
mum and maximum price for wheat,
the so called "fair" or "standard"
price for that grain being a dollar a
bushel.
It is the purpose of the union to have
elevators to store grain in, to be
sold at such time and for such prices
as the local may think best, provided
that none be sold below tho minimum
price and that none bo held for more
than the maximum price. All sales are
conducted through the business agents,
the union being at work to eliminate
the middleman.
This Is attempted by having the
business agent deal directly with con
sumers, so each business agent has a
list of mills and grain buyers who
want tho actual grain for manufactur
ing or feeding purposes, nnd ho keeps
in touch with them by correspondence.
Each local has a business agent, nnd
there Is one for each state and a na
tional business agent.
A farmer who needs cash after put
ting his wheat In a union elevator N
tided over his "tight place" by brother
members of, the union who aro better
flxed than he. The same sort of sys
tem is In operation in tho southern
states, where cotton Instead of wheat
is the great staple crop. The elevator.-!
and cotton warehouses are stock con
cerns, the par value of each share of
stock being fixed by the local which
erects tho elevator, but the fact that a
member holds stock in the union's en
terprise does not give hhn any more
extensive privileges in the organiza
tion or In the handling of his grain.
The association Is affiliated with
the American Federation of Labor.
Though it is not a real branch of that
organization, there exists between t!u
two what is known as a fraternal un
derstanding. Tho union operates several haul;-.
The charter of the national union was
Issued by Texas, giving It authority to
charter branches anywhere and en
gage In any business practically. A
few union co-operative stores are in
existence. Country girls more than
sixteen years old and farmers' wives
are admitted to honorary membership.
The locals meet twice a month, and
the social features are by no mean?
the least Important in the union.
Beet Sugar In tho United States.
Beet suwir factories are now in suc
cessful operation in sixteen states.
Colorado leads all other states en
gaged In the Industry, having sixteen
factories. In 1007 these produced 100.
000 tons of sugar, or enough If it had
been passed around to give all the peo
ple In the United States four pounds
apiece.
California and Michigan follow Colo
rado at a respectful distance in the
race for second place. Michigan has
tho same number of factories ns Colo
rado, but their product Is considerably
smaller. California has only nine
plants, but some of the latter are very
large. From year to year tho produc
tion of sugar is about the same in the
two states.
Utah has five factories, nnd they aro
strong producers. Idaho and Wiscon
sin follow with four each, and there
are ten states with one factory each.
Tho must eastern factory is that at
Lyons, N. Y. Hamilton City, Cal., lias
the most western factory, Los Aland
tos, Cal., the most southern and Bil
lings, Mont., the most northern.
The largest factory in the United
States nnd one of tho largest In the
world Is tho one nt Spreckels, Cal.,
which Is able to slice 3,000 tons of
"beets in n day, or a hundred carloads
of thirty tons each.
Tho oldest successful factory in the
United States is tho one nt Alvarado,
Cal., which -was established in 1S79
and has been making beet sugar for
thirty years.
' Lambs, Rams and Mutton.
Tho time that elapses between serv
ice nnd lambing runs from 145 to 150
days. About 1-17 days will catch the
great majority. As In marcs, the males
aro carried slightly longer than tho fe
males. Old ewes, say from four to six
years, Will produco tho most lambs
and will save the most. There aro
moro single lambs produced by young
owes than by older ones. Merino is tho
wool sheep, Shropshire the nil purpose
nnd Southdown tho best mutton sheep.
Weeding Small Fruits.
Do your weeding among the small
fruits with mulching of swale hay,
etrnw or forest- leaves. This -will savo
a largo amount of hard work in hoe
ing. It holds tho moisture, keeps the
weeds from growing, keeps tho fruit
clean while growing and ripening. The
fruit will grow much larger and of
finer quality and certainly will bring
better prices.
BURNING BOODLE.
Yes, It's the old story burning boo
dlo for bargains. A friend paid 75
for 150 pairs guaranteed mated Hom
ers. They were antiques, and 221 were
cooing roosters. A second bougnt a
250 egg incubator and brooder for $12
and freight paid. They were junk.
A third paid $3.50 for 150 guaranteed
White Orpington eggs. They were
tested out eggs. A fourth got twelve
birds guaranteed to win at any show
for $15. lie cooked them. And so It
is all along the line, multitudes invest
ing in a wildcat gold mine.
The nearest way to success is not
by steerage. Start wrong, end wrong:
buy cheap, accumulate junk; burn
money, and if you don't quit you must
go back and start all over.
Don't bo caught by hot air picture
books.
Don't be mesmerized by the elo
quence of silver tongued gold brick
boodlcrs.
Don't burn boodle for bargains that
are bubbles that "bust."
KURIOS FROM KORRESPONDENTS
Q. I was much surprised today to
find a live hen with maggots crawling
about her Huff. What are cause and
remedy? A. Big breeds often get
bunches of filtlr about vent. If not re
moved this causes Inflammation, and
sores and blowflies do the rest. Clip
off filthy feathers, wash with warm
water and soap and apply carbolltie to
sores.
Q. Do you publish a poultry book?
Please stnto price. A. We have re
ceived a number of letters asking tills
question nnd wish to stntc that we
have no book on market at present.
Many of our renders nre making n
scrap book of "Poultry Notes" nnd nre
thus accumulating reliable practical
information for present and future
use.
Q. I have a fully matured Light
Brahma cockerel that hns never crow
ed. What is the matter? Is he lit to
breed from? A. Ferhnps-hc is not fully
developed. To bo so he must weigh
ten pounds. Perhaps there is some
thing in his throat or he may have
poor lungs. If he wheezes, it is the
latter. Bather doubt if we would let
him head tho pen. Get some nearby
fancier to examine him.
Q. Do hens always quit laying in
molting season? How long do they
stop? How soon after finishing tho
molt do they lay? A. The great ma
jority. As long as molt continues
from two to six weeks; longer if very
fat.
Q. How can I keep my chicks from
overfeeding the first day? A. By first
day you likely mean the second, as
you should not feed for twenty-four
hours after hatch. Do not keep feed
before them all tho time or give their
first feed toward evening. Always
feel their crops to see if they are get
ting too much or too little.
Q. Will you kindly tell me why I
lost so many of my early squabs?
They were hatched in February and
March. A. You were fooled by the
pretty weather, like more of the boys.
Part of February and early March
were very pleasant. You mated your
birds thou, and your squabs came out
just in time to be caught by bad
weather, which gave them cold nnd
canker. Late iu April is time for fan
cy matings.
FEATHERS AND EGGSHELLS.
No report was read with more inter
est by the public than that which de
clared experiments with alfalfa flour
had resulted in tho finest kind of de
licious, nourishing bread. If alfalfa
can make an ostrich, build a chicken
and strengthen a horse to pull, why
can't it build up a man?
There is an idea prevalent that salt
kills chickens. It takes a teaspoonl'ul
of salt to kill a chicken. Wo liavor
our mashes with just about as much
salt as would make them palatable to
n human being. If ouo of your flock
gets a dose of salt quickly give it the
white of an egg and feed it on milk for
a day or two.
The early chick gets the best growth,
Is least liable to disease and brings
the big money. People look at our
March hatched birds and ask, "You
don't mean to say those are this year's
chickens?" Tho later the chick the
less liable to bo raised nnd the greater
the cost
Tho eastern fanciers have had a pret
ty stiff time of it on the feed question,
Whent $1.J0, corn 85 cents, oats 05
cents, buckwheat 00 cents that's too
high In a region where free range is
limited. Yes; those western aifalfa fel
lows have us licked
It's a wise squab raiser who keep1?
on tho good side of the physicians and
trained nurses in ills vicinity. They
nre often perplexed where to buy good
birds. A breeder sent samples to n
number of physicians and nurses and
thus secured tho trade of two large
city hospitals.
Tho practice of driving vast flocks
of geese to tho London market still
continues. To shoo them for tho jour
ney they are first driven over tar and
then over sand to give them Trilby
feet. This is tar and feathers with a
vengeance.
Barley is not much used in certain
sections on account of the price. Where
it Is grown and cheaper it brings more
money from eggs than to sell It to the
distilleries.
Rye is little used for poultry. The
bens do not care for it. It ferments
and causes sour crop. If rye ft bad
for the hen, old rye Is much worse foi
men.
In tho famous Fountain valley ot
Ohio geese aro plucked four times a
'year, while in England their feathers
'are pulled five times.
II 10 U 1)
II 10 II II.
Our Special Correspond
ent Writes Entertain
ingly to Women.
FROMTHE METROPOLIS
Dnlnty Summer Frocks Modes for
the Little Folks Cool and Dain
ty lllouses Triumph of tho Milli
ner's Art in Bridesmaids' Hats
Sleeves nnd Model for Tub Frock.
BY JULES THEROW.
After all much ot the smartness
et 3jmmer frocks Is embodied in
the little details. They aro the ele
ments that quality a frock for the
supreme place In tho ranks of fash-
Ion. This cnarmliig summer con
tection developed in sheer silky ba
tiste Is beautifully trimmed with
embroidery garlands and Valen
ciennes lace and insertion. It is a
close fitting prlncesse with tucks
about the waist and running down
telow the belt lino to tho hips.
DAINTY SUMMER GOWN.
At the bottom of the skirt thero
Is a deep flounce, shirred rather full
and stitched on under a heading of
insertion, edging and tho embroid
ery medallions.
A most charming bertha arrange
ment glorifies the waist, beU-g com
posed of tho lace Insertion and em-r-roidery.
It Is brought over the
shoulders and down to tho bust-line
wnero it is knotted carelessly and
tho ends allowed to hang down.
Tho sleeves are formed entirely
of Insertion, connected with bias
folds of the batiste, hand embroid
ered and ruchings ot Valenciennes
cages finish them nt tho tslbows.
Summer mo.ie for little folki are
ot especial interest to mothers at
this season, for it ;s well to have the
children's summer outfits ready as
early as possible.
Two dainty examples if the house
dress are Illustrated, the first being
of plain dotted cotton material, trim,
med with hand omb.oidery The
bottom of tho skirt and front of tho
blouse are ornamented with the
hand-work. The frock Is cut in
one piece, Including even tho double
sleeves, also finished with embroid
ery. Tho second model is a slip of
whlto linen with guimpo or figured
dimity worn underneath. The
FROCKS FOR HOME WEAR,
sleeves and bottom of the skirt ara
trimmed with self-tucked bands,
making a simple, yet effective finish.
One-pieoe and straight little yoke
dresses play an Important part In
tho llttlo womnss' summer ward
robe. They aro modo elaborate by
tho uso of fino materials and quanti
ties of laco und hand-work, but the
models with fiat work and no othor
docoratloi. savo tin7 frills of laco at
tho wrists and a fow tucks above the
hem aro much worn, besides being
Inexpensive and easy to fashion by
tho homo dressmakei.
For coolness and daintiness noth
ing excels a blouse of seeded muslin,
such as Is pictured bore. It is rath
er moro close-fitting than the aver
ago lingerie blouse and the tucked
trimming and yoke of hand embroid
ery give it an air of dressiness more
generally associated with laco chif
fon or silk waists.
The yoke Is formed of heavy em
broidery, with medallions of the
1 same trimming around it In the form
of flat revers. For tho medallions
AN INNOVATION IN BLOUSES.
13 a beading of embroidery and tho
comDlned trimmings reappear in tho
high, well-fltteu collar.
Bridesmaid's hats are triumphs of
the milliner's art and therj Is liter
ally no limit to their trimming and
ccst. A French firm designed this
hat for a smart American heiress' at
jnd&nts and - Is a delightful inno
vation from the accustomed models
for wedding coremonlcs.
Very fine satin straw is used and
the lnsido ot tho wide brim has
frills of palo yellow 1io:nt laco "leak
ing" uown to rest ngalnst tho hair.
Tho crown Is rither high, bound
with threo or four bias foldB of pink
or blue satin according to the color
HAT FOR A BRIDESMAID,
scheme of tho wedding. The
plumes, which aro arranged at the
back to fall In the same direction al
so combine tho colors selected by '
tho bride of this occasion.
There are also very picturesque
models of Louis seize calotts order,
with soft draped crowns of net or
laco and falling plaitings of the same
trimming. Some of these rise to
great height through the airy drap
ery of tho net in tho crown or great
tows of net or lace in front. Others
are fairly high and are trimmed
with plumes or flowers at any angle
to please the taste of the bride.
Although much has been said of
the long, close-fitting sleeves the
majority of models for summer gowns
are elbow length only and fashioned
lu the lcose, generous way that pro
vides comfort as well as chic.
In tho group cf sleeves pictured
here, the most novel, perhaps, is the
centre one, lormod of frills of two
u'ffeient kinds of lace, above which
are folds of the dress materia: trim
tied with small, fancy buttons.
The others, wit- one exception, all
show the fancy for draped effects
SLEEVES FOR SUMMER FROCKS,
which aro always graceful and lend
themselves to manipulation In tho
f'.shljnablo fabrlcb of tbo sonson.
Draperies of all kinds disclose
borders of bindings of satin laco or
ribbon velvet, tho latter bolng moro
in demand than over, oven as embel
lishment for the sheerest lawns and
lingerie materials.
Lace, of ail qualities and designs,
combined with buttons of all sizes
and patterns, 1b a highly faahionablo
trimming, but when a serero effect
is desired this cannot bo gained bet
ter than by tbo use of plain folds of
ellk or cloth flnlsbed with buttons
of unpretentious design.
So much work is put upon sleeves
tuat they can bo made to form a
considerable item In ones expense ac
count. Upon no detail, however,
doea a frock depend more strongly,
at, upon the sleeves.
' jro WA
TOBACCO SERDSWOW MAD
Mrs. Alice Mullens Used the Weed
from Childhood, Chewing Two
Pounds a Week.
Alton, 111. Driven Insane by the
excessive use of tobacco, Mrs. Alice
Mullens of this city has taken to Ed
waidsvllle after being pronounced In
sance by the Madison County Court
Mrs. Mullens, who is 36 years old,
used tobacco from childhood, chewing
it In great quantities. At times, it is
said, her supply has reached two
pounds a week. She began using the
weed when a girl of 1G, and at 30
she was a physical wreck. Since that
time she has lived in Alton township
and given the county authorities all
sorts of trouble.
Mrs. Mullens is an attractive wom
an and her case Is one of the strang
est the officials have yet had to deal
with. Persons who visited her in her
home say that she often went to bed
with tobacco in her cheek. She also
smoked occasionally, a pipe preferred,
although cigars did not come amiss
when proffered to her. Scrap tobac
co is her favorite, and six big pack
ages were an average week's supply
for her. A police matron who Investi
gated her case reported she had not a
bite of food in her house, but had a
big market basket full of tobacco
scraps on hand.
Mrs. Mullens Is somewhat of a mys
tery to tho police, who have been un
able to ascertain If she has any rela
tives or whero her homo wns before
she canio to Alton. Sho rented a
house in East End place, n respectable
neighborhood, and lived there alone.
WORLD'S YOUNGEST
COLLEGE PRESIDENT,
REV. MARION LE ROY BURTON.
Brooklyn, N. Y. Dr. Marlon Le Roy
Burton is President-elect of Smith
College, and when he takes office In
September, 1909, will be the youngest
college president In America. During
the past year he has occupied the pas-
'torate at the Church of the Pilgrims,
In Brooklyn. He holds a Ph. D. from
Yale, where he was for some time pro
fessor of theology. He has written a
book called "The Problem of Evil."
INDIAN'S FEAT ON TRAIL.
Bloodhounds Baffled, He Follows and
Captures Bandits.
Muskegee, Okla. Willie Bryant, a
full blooded Cherokee boy, nineteen
years old, taking a trail that blood
hounds refused to follow, led the way
for fifty miles through rough timber
ed country and with a posse surround
ed and captured the two remaining
robbers who made a futile attempt to
hold up a train at Braggs, resulting
li. a fight In which one officer was
killed and one of the robbers badly
wounded.
The feat of Bryant Is considered re
markable. He has inherited all of the
instincts of his forefathers in the
craft of the trail. Sheriff Ramsay took
bloodhounds in an auto to the scene
of the hold-up before the trail was six
hours old, but the dogs refused to
follow it. Then Deputy Sheriff Clark
put young Bryant at the head of the
posse. The Indian was given his
head. The course is in the foothills of
the Ozark Mountains and very diffi
cult for travel. This distance was cov
ered unerringly and swiftly by the
Cherokee. Though the task of keep
ing the trail was difficult, tho mem
bers of tho posse found the greatest
trouble In keeping In sight of Bryant.
When Proctor was reached tho posse
men were utterly exhausted.
SHAVES IN LION'S CAGE.
Local Barber Shows His Great Nerve
at a Tent Show.
Chllllcothe, Mo. Rather than take
a dare Charles Coodner, twenty-four
years of ago, a nervy barber of Chllll
cothe, accepted a challengo Issued by
Capt. Cardova, a lion trainer with tho
Parker shows, giving a carnival here;
and entering tho steel arena, gave the
captain a shave with a big Hon perch
ed on either side.
Tho tent where the feat was per
formed was Jammed with those who
were curious to see whether the cap
tain's defl would be taken up. Good
ner entered the cage, calmly lathered
and shaved the captain and then
shouted "nexL"
Pig Barks Like a Dog.
Saco, Me. Fred M. Thim, of this
city, a woll-known electrician and
railroad man, has at bis homo in low
er Beach street a pig that, barks like
a dog. Mr. Thim has had many visi
tors to see the animal and hear It
bark. .
WHEN THE ENGINE COMES
s no time to be regretting your neglect
to get insured. A little care beforehand
is worth more than any amount ol re
gret. KRAFT & CONGER,
General Insurance Agents
HON ESDALE PA.
Holmes Memorial, St. Hose Cemetery,
Carbondale, Fa.
1'
'ir ' r .11. jt. ."T. i
I Designed and built by
I MARTIN CAUFIEM
Tooth
Savers
We have the sort of tooth brushes that are
made to thoroughly cleanse mul save the
teeth.
They are the kind that clean teeth Lwithout
leaving vour mouth full of bristles.
We recommend those costing 25 cents or
more, as we run guarantee them and will re
place, five, any that show defects, of maim
tacture within three months.
O. T. CHAHBERS,
PHARHACIST,
Opp.D. & H. Station,
HONDSDALE, PA.
JOSEPH N. WELCH
Fire
1 0 S ILi tcl O CC?
The OLDEST Fire Insurance
Agency in Wayne County.
Ollice: Second floor Masonic Build
ing, over C. C. Jadwin's drug store,
lionesaale.
One of the best equipped farms In Wayne
enmity situated about three miles from
Iloncbdale,
Everything Ip-To-Date.;
Over 15.000.00
has been ex
tended witn
n the Inst five
years In buildlns
165 ktfi
years In buildings, tools and Improvements,
of which "5 acres are good hard-
ooci umucr.
Ill be sold reasonably.
A Bargain. --For further particulars en
quire of
W. W. WOOD, "Citlzon" office.
For New Late Novelties
-IX
JEWELRY
SILVERWARE
WATCHES
Try
SPENCER, The Jeweler
"Guaranteed articles only sold."
i,'f-V
1
FOR