BEES BEE KEEPING APIARY IN COLD WEATHER. If Hive Entrance Ib Too 8mall Comba Get Mouldy. With too small nn entrance, In a damp climate, you will bo sure ot mouldy combs and more than tho proper amount of dead bees. The trouble becomes aggravated In tho ourso of tho winter by tho clogging of the entrance with dead bees. Let the full entrance be given as In sum mer, and see that the dead bees are cleaned from It every few weeks. Dur ing heavy storms In winter It fre quently happens that hives are entire ly burled In Bnow. While the now Is light and porous air will penetrate it and reach the entrance of the hives, but should the snow become crusty, or Ice form at the entrance, the bees would be In danger of suffocating. It is well to havo all hives facing south ward, so the sun can snlne on the entrance of the hive and keep them free from ice. After a heavy fall of snow we always sweep In front of the hives, leaving the snow banked around the other three sides, as It will do no harm there but will help to keep off the prevailing winds. Bees will take an ocaslonal night during warm days in winter, and sometimes many are seen lying about dead on the snow, but such are generally tho old ones that are easily chilled and tail to get back to their hives. Such losses are not serious. Even when tne snow is on the ground, and It looks as If It would be a pity for so many bees to fly and rop on this white sheet, wo find that It is the colonies which take the most lively, flight that winter best, and we have paid parti cular attention to this fact. Some people are of the opinion that If we have a cold steady winter, in which the bees remain confined in their hives for several months, there Is less danger of the overloading of their bowels with fecal matter which they cannot discharge in the hiVe, without greatly endangering the life or health of the colony. DIarrhoe Is often brought about during the winter season. It is no doubt caused by fer mented or extremely thin honey. It has been found that bees located near cider mills will contract the trouble from feeding too much on the apple pomace or can Juice. Cold weather dampness, or a sudden change of tem perature have been known to bring on the disease. No remedy has been discovered. However, the bees should be kept as warm as possible and tho hive should be well wrapped as soon as the outbreak Is noticed. During the cider making season, the pomace should be removed and fed to tho hogs or disposed of so that the bees cannot partake of it. During the winter months the bees are huddled close together in a com pact cluster, the interior of which Is at a normal temperature, while the space outside of It may be even be low freezing. As the season advances, and the weather gets warmer, the cluster Is brought in, but all the work done is on'y Inside of the cluster, as the temperature is too low outside of It to admit of anything to be done. F. G. Herman. A Winter Precaution. The beehive should face the south to prevent the entrance of north winds and cold. Yet in very warm winter days the sun may so heat up the front of the hive as to call the bees out Into the open air when the temperature Is really too low. In this way many bees are sometimes lost. A wide board placed in front of the hive will help to ward off undue heat and make the situation less tempting to flight. Alfalfa Good for Bees. Since the coming of Alfalfa, any section of the country where it Ib grown to good advantago Is well adapted to bee keeping. Beo keepers ay that each colony ought to aver age from $3.00 to $5.00 worth of honey every year besides the swarms which come off. Those Who Succeed Best. Those who are in the bee business because there is money in it are not as apt to succeed as those who are in It also because they are fond of bees and their care. It takes a fond ness for a business to obtain its best success. Best Honey Districts. Some localities aro very much bet ter for honey than others. Southern California and Southwestern Texas are among the best countries in the world. Intelligence, industry and a good location are necessary to the best results. There are still some who argue that the most money for them is In old Ideas, old methods, and common bees. They regard the new as too expensive. The best bee keepers, and those who make the most money use up-to-date methods. Persons of irregular habits, afraid of too much .work, careless, or un kind, would better not take up the bee business, or handling live things of any kind. Let no man undertake bee keeping thinking that It Is an easy task. Bee keeping Ib like growing a crop. It takes care and labor to make It succeed. HOW TRACKS ARE LEVELED. Unique Method Used to Mako Trav eler Comfortable. Curiosity Is often displayed by trav elers over the method employed In making mile after mile of trackage so level that scarcoly an undulation can bo felt as the whizzing train reels off tho laps. This loveliness Is main tained by the "whitewash" car. The "whitewash" car, is an ordi nary vehiclo fitted out with a sort of whitewash magazine. As tho cam run over the rails at a moderate gait, the developed sense of the division of ficials notes any Inequalities, and at each one a valve is pressed, where at a dash of whitewash falls on tho traclti at the points whore later tho working gangs get busy to make things even. This homely "whitewash" car is giv ing way rapidly, however, to a mor modern and scientific arrangement in tho way of a handsome coach elegant ly fitted out with many comforta, and in which Is to be found a delicate in strument. This latter Is so construct ed that It registers all unovenness in the tracks on paper, which has Indi cated on It the mileage and names of stations along the way, so that when a run Is completed It will bo shown Just where repairing needs to be done. The Indicating sheet la sent to the proper department heads of the company, and by them the work of making the roadbed level Is prose cuted. A Punctual Pensioner. A gentleman one day noticed a hungry-looking dog prowling round his yard, and struck by the poor brute's famished appearance, he fetched a large bone and by no means a bare one, which he threw to the four-footed vagabond. It was caxctly twelve o'clock when the bone was given and carried off. The giver thought no more of the matter, but evidently the dog did, for on the following day at the same hour he made his appearance, with an ex pectant look about him which told that he hoped for a further contribu tlon. Amused at the effort to establish himself as an out-pensloner, and de sirous of finding out whether the dog's arrival at this particular timo was a mere chance, the gentleman gave him a second supply of food. Punctual to time, the dog presented himself on the third, looking even more confident than before. Ho was duly fed, and for a great length of time this self-elected pensioner made his dally apearance at his patron's door with notable punctuality. One Is led to wonder whether the dog may have regulated his own move ments by observing those of some in dividual In going to and from his work, and whether when the four footed animal was a few minutes late It might be because the biped was un punctual or his clock slow. Where Swallows Go. The swallows all spend the winter In Central America and the south part of Mexico. They appear In the southern states as early as the mid dle of February, but seldom get as ! far north as New England until tho month of May. The robins winter In the southern states and In northern Mexico. They are to be seen in flocks the winter through In the gulf states World's Sweetest Plant. An Austrian journal tells of a plant called Parkld blglobosa, recently dis covered in Africa, which produces a fruit containing 20 per cent reducing sugar, which puts It In the first rank of sugar-producing plants. Mustard. Mustard is the oldest of condiments, the Egyptians regarding it as an aid to digestion. The ancients ate It freely, and It was sold by peddlers in Solomon's time. The Normans and Anglo-Saxons In the earliest times never went to war without an ample supply of prepared mustard, they con sidered it both food and medicine. The plant seems to thrive in all parts of the world, and Is eaten by every civilized nation and many heathen tribes, either as a spring salad, for which the young leaves are delicious, as a seasoning prepared from the ground seed. NO BUTTER TRUST POSSIBLE. Every time of high prices for butter Is the occasion of a lot of silly talk In tho newspapers about a butter trust. No one can organize a trust In such a product for the reason that every farmer Is able to begin com petition and start making butter when ever ho thinks It may pay him to do so. The real cause of nine-tenths of the advance in the butter price Is the higher cost of grain. Dairymen, in stead of talking of a trust, are trying hard to convince themselves that there is still a little profit In the busl ness after payln; grain bills, and most of them, If asked, would express the opinion that the margin between cost and selling price is less now than In other times when butter was selling for less money per pound. Grass Raincoats. The summers in Mexico are too hot for the wearing of rubber garments to shed rain, and closely woven coats of grass are a fair substitute. Some of these have a hood attached. Falntlna. Of the 1,001 young women who tainted last year U87 feu Into the armc Df men, two fell on the floor and one 'nto a water butt Lifo. - MILKING MACHINE ECONOMY. Method By Which It Is Made a Fix ture In Barn. A prominent dairyman gives this as his method of installing milking machines In his barns: Instead ot placing expensive pip ing through eighty feet of stall room, with connections at each cow stall, he has .arranged something en tirely different. He has a special stall or milking room to accommo date four cows, two animals stand ing with heads to the right and two with heads to the left. This neces sitates only a short piping system. Tho milking machine Is thus practi cally a fixture at one spot, and the apparatus, tubes, receiving can, milk cups, etc., can' be fixed at one point. This make a it unnecessary to shift the appliances so frequently. The cows In this barn havo been trained to go to the milking ma chine instead of taking the milking machine to the cows. The animals are taken in turn. They are assem bled near by at milking time, and four cows are admitted to the room at a time. They know they are to be fed In this certain place and are always ready for It. As soon as they take their places they are fastened, tho milk cups adjusted to the teats, and the cows are milked while eat- LATEST TYPE OF MACHINE MILKER, lng. The whole Job is completed In ten minutes and another quartet of cows brought up to take their places. Among other advantages this means little or no manure at that place, also greater ease and facility In adjusting machines, and. Is con sidered by this progressive dairyman simple and better in every way. Dairy Notes. Never use musty or dirty litter. We are often inclined to mistake lack of "gumption" for "hard luck." Keep the stable and dairy room in good condition, fresh air, dry and clean. The Imitation gives just as good satisfaction as the genuine as long as a difference Is not known. Good judgment Is of more value than either knowledge or skill, al though each Is desirable. When calves are fed skim milk It should be warmed to blood heat before giving or It may cause scours. If every person were to receive credit for Intentions Instead of ac tions, many a one would be judged differently than under the present plan. We must conclude that the slug gish spirited, dull eyed man must have a poor chance In this world when we remember that even the old cow must have a bright eye and a highly strung nervous system in or der to be a success. Making a Poor Cow. Physical comfort means much to all sensitive creatures. With shelter from the elements, hunger and thirst satisfied, no aggravation from flies or other insect pests and in no fear of man or other creatures, the cow stands some chance of showing what she is good for, but let the sun and rain by turns beat on her, or tho cold make her shiver, with scant feed and water, and with a dog to drive her to and from the fields, and a man to yell at and beat her, no wonder she becomes only a poor cow, one to dlssapolnt her owner and to excite only the pity of the compas sionate. GONE OUT1 The poor little black and tan dogs! How they have faded Into obscurity, unhonored and unsung. At one time they were largely the fashion and great ladles fondled them and were proud In their possession. Now tbey havo been superseded by other varie ties. The other day we patted one of these pathetlo creatures on the head and he returned our caress with a deprecating wag of his tall, as to say that we didn't quite know what we were doing, but he thanked us all the same. And yet of all the dogs there be, there is none more intelli gent than the black and tan. David Lloyd George, chancellor of the exchequer, said In Albert Hall that a bill would be Introduced to give women suftrag:; and, if the chance to pass it was thrown away, it would be entirely owing to the lunacy of some who thought they were helping the cause by cleaning themselves to seat? nd breaking up meetings. The Barbed Wire Fence. "Tho luckiest Invention In htntarv." said a patent official, "was that of barbed wire. It camo about hv nnM. dent. "Isaac L. EllwOOd was tho InTnntnr of barbed wire. In his youth ho lived in ue ivaiD, ill., and having a neigh bor whoso pigs trespassed on his gar don, he put up one day a wire fenco of his own make. This fence had barbs and points on It; it was queer and ugly, but It kept out tho pigs. "It was a real barbed wire fenco, the first In tho world, nnd thero was millions of money In it, but young Ell wood and his friends laughed at Its freak appearance. "One day two strangers saw this fence, perceived how well It kept out tho pigs, realized how cheap it waj, realized, in a word, Its value, and or dered several tons of It from Ellwood. Furthermore, they contracted to sell for a term of years all the barbed wire he could produce. "EIIwooq borrowed $1,000 and set up a little factory. A few years later on he had paid back that loan, and was worth a small matter of $15,000, 000 besides." The Commercial. France Fears the Tromblon. Every traveler knows that there are certain restrictions upon tho In troduction of arms into foreign coun tries. Among the weapons which it Is forbidden to take Into France Is the "tromblon," which Is expressly men tioned In tho Bengal codo as a weapon the carrying and sale of which is not allowed. And yet tho "trom blon" Is not a firearm which is com monly used nowadays, for It is noth ing else than tho blunderbuss, a weapon which old caricatures show to havo been carrleu by tho guards of coaches as a protection against high waymen and to have been hung over his fireplace by John Bull at the time ot the scare of a Napoleonic in vasion 100 years ago. The blunder buss naa a flint lock, a short barrel, and a muzzle like a trumpet, the bell mouth being designed to scatter the slugs with which the primitive piece was charged. Anyone who buys one at an old curiosity shop had better take care how he introduces It Into France, for the penalty for doing so is a fine of IjO Lanes. Domestic Slavery In China. A species of domestic slavery ex ists in China to a considerable extent Oftentimes Chinese parents, poverty stricken, sell their girls to wealthy families. The prices range from ten to one hundred dollars, and If the girl be very good looking larger amountB may be given, as the buver known that when she marries she will bring in a larger number of wedding pres ents, which oftentimes will pay the nurchase nrice three-fold, hesldpn tho work she has done. Of course the Kirl s servitude ceases when she mar rles. Theoretically there are no slaves In Hong Kong, which is Brit ish territory, but Dractlcallv. thnrn nn thousands of them following the se dan chairs of their mistresses or watching over little Chinese babies. Not Dead Yet. On a tombstonu In a churchyard at Gower, England the death of a mem ber of tUe Benson family Is recorded, and on the other side appears: "Also the body of William Denman Benson, barrister-at-law, who aled ." Mr. William Is not dead yet, having Just been appointed county court judge, but it is confidently expected that the vacant aoace will be needed sooner or later Swedish Engineer's Kite. A strange kite has been devised bs a Swedish engineer. It Is made to fly under water. It Is made of light can vas adjusted to a light but strong metal frame, and In shape Is not dis similar to tho aerial kite except that it is made in two sections, the lower nnd smaller one depending from the upper, with which It Is connected by a sort of coupling. The object sought by the engineer Is to provide ships with nD , ever ready automatic guard or watch that will give Instant alarm If the vessel enters shoal waters and Is approaching a spot where tho depth is not sufficient lor safety. The under water kite is fastened to a thin wire cable attached to a winch on deck. The purpose of the water klto is to float beneath or beside the ship at a depth that Is sufficient to Insure safe ty. If at any time, day or night, the lower section of the kite strikes bot tom a device instantly releases the coupling with which It Is secured to the upper section, and an alarm bell Is sounded on the deck of the endan gered vessel. Precautions can at once be taken to secure Its safety. The kite meanwhile Is drawn up, read justed and thrown overboard to main tain Its faithful watch. Abnormal Twilights. Twilight, which is normally due to the refraction ot the sun's light by the atmosphere. Is occasionally modi fled by other natural causes. Rosy glows In tho west after sunset are re ported to bo particularly common In tho vicinity of Bordeaux, Franco. These are not tho usual sunset glows, but appear In the sky 45 degrees above the sun and are supposed to be1 flue to reflection from high clouds tod thin to bo seen In ordinary light The" same invisible clouds may also cause abnormal prolongation of twilight, as on tho first day of last July in this same region, where a watch could be easily read up tj four minutes of 10 p. m., whereas on tho following night It could be reaa only a quarter past nine, a dlfferenco of 41 minutes. Ow Ing to the presence of the thin clouds above described, these long twilight are of use to .stronomers as an In dlcatlon that the night will not be rav orable for astronomical observation. WASTE ON THE FARM. From authortatlve reports by gov ernment officials it appears that some 2,687,021 cattle dlo In tho United States annually from disease and ex posure, most of them from neglect' From tho same source it is also as certained that the loss ot sheep from the same causes Is as great These figures only sem to show what a wasteful people we aro. One ot the excuses the beet trust makes for high prices of provisions is the enormous doath rate of live stock on the range and on tho farm, most of It duo to pure .trlfllngness of the herds men and the grazer. Indeed, tho losses for highby neglect and exposure great ly exceed the losses by disease. It would be impossible to estimate the waste of farm products otter they mature In the field, but it is enormous somo of it traceable to thriftless husbandry or, in plain speeches down right laziness. One source of waBte Is Imperfect cultivation, for millions ot farmers persist In half cultivation, of largo areas when they would make more by proper tillage of fewer acres. Then thero Is Immense waste in the disregard of intelligent rotation ot crops. This Is the worst sort of waste, tor It means devastation ot soils that require years of provident tillage to replace. All over the East are aban doned farms that would to-day be gar dens If they had been given intelli gent cultivation. That farmer Is not fit for his vocation who does not in crease the fertility of his soil every year he cultivates It THE INCORPORATION OF TRU8T8. In a sane argument for the Federal Incorporation of Trusts, in the Atlan tic, the author says this does not nec essarily mean either a federal license or federal regulation for Interstate corporations; It does not mean an ex tension of federal government, though It may mean an exercise of the re strictive power of the federal Con gress. Federal government is not necessary It the federal power can be used to attack directly and logically the real evil, the abused power of one state to license an irresponsible cor poration to do business in other states. The simplest course is sometimes so simple and so direct that, in our con fusion or timidity in an Important matter, we try to walk around It The remedial federal law should bo a sim ple and effective attack on the actual abuse; It should be a self-operating and effective prohibiting law, stating In detail the conditions of incorpora tion, management, and governing laws, necessary to enable a corpora tion to depart from the state of its birth to engage In interstate com merce, prescribing adequate penalties and making void and unenforclble by a corporation any contract made in violation of its previsions. S. HOLMES, JR. An Episode That Made Him Dlspalr of His Friend's Ability. "His! Hist!" said Sherlock Holmes, Jr. "What Is It. Sherl?" asked his friend the doctor. "Yonder man with the ruddy complexion and the look of satisfac tion on his countenance do you see him?" "Yes. A friend of yours?" "I never saw him before. He has been spending his vacation in Can ada." "Wonderful. Really, your pow ers as a deducer seem to be growing. But perhaps somebody who knows him has told you?" "No. As I have said I never saw him before. 1 have spoken to no one but yourself concerning him." "Is there anything peculiar about tho tan one gets In Canada?" "No. A man who fishes In north em Wisconsin or Michigan may ac quire the same degree of reddish ness In the immediate vicinity of the countenance that one gets while en thusiastically yanking four-pound bass from Canadian waters." "1 can't see anything else about him that would stamp him as one who has Just returned from the great dominion. Perhaps you will be god enough, Holmes, to Inform me how you have made your deduc tion In this case?" "My dear Whatson, you are really very stupid. You should have no ticed It. I am tempted to give up trying to teach you to be a deducer. Did you not see, when ho asked the druggist for a stamp, a moment ago, that he pulled a handful of Canadian dimes from his pocket?" With a gasp the doctor fell back In silent admiration, while the great detective sauntered on down Clark J street, trying to discover whether the reports that there was gambling in town were true or not. Chicago Record-Herald. Is Night Air Harmful? Tho old theory that night air is In jurious has been atacked recently by a lecturer at an Institute of hygiene In London, who declares that It Is purer and far more beneficial than thu air breathed during the day. In the course of his lecture he strongly ad vised walking during the night Instead of braving the ueat of theday, and deeply regretted that children could not be taken out at midnight Whether one develops a fancy for noctural walks or not, there can be no doubt that there is a growing fancy for sleeping out of doors, not only at Institutions and where It is Imperative for lung .rouble, but In private fami lies. In fact, wherever there is a lawn or veranda some member of the family has rigged hlmrelf up a ham mock or cot and Insists upon vauntinp the superior, advantage! of n night spent under :bi stars. SILENCED THE ROWDY.- Happy Retort of a Politician Which Won Him a Majority. Judge Emory Hpeer, who presides over the United States Circuit and District Courts for the Southern District of Georgia, and whoso de cisions in peonage cases heve recent ly attracted wide attention through out tho country, Is the possessor of a nimble and facile wit. In earlier days, before ho had attained tho er mine, Judge Speer was a politician and a powor on the stump. Shortly after reconstruction ho ran against Allen D. Chandler for Congress. It was his wit, his good humor, and his . unfailing courago that carried him through tho cam paign without a serious difference, and finally brought him to viotory. On one occasion when tho young candidate was addressing a very democratic and hostile audience, a brawny countryman was observed fighting his way through tho crowd to the speaker's rostrum. It was evident that he had spent the pre ceding night with John Barleycorn, for his clothes were rumpled, his hair dishevelled, and his face of a fiery red that rivalled thfl noonday sun in brilliancy. Shaking a bellig erent fist under the nose of the ora tor, he exclaimed: "Sir, you are a demagogue!" Tho crowd howled, but Speer war not disturbed. He waited for the noise to subside and then, with a smile and in a tone of entire good humor rejoined: "And you, sir, If you would wrap a few wisps of straw about you, would be a demijohn." The delighted audlonco roared with appreciative laughter and the discomfited patriot slunk away. It Is said that in no voting precinct of the district was Speer's majority larger than that In which this happy retort was made. She Was Sympathetic. Dora was stupid, but she had one redeeming quality; she was sympa thetic. At any rate, that was what the -old boarders told the woman who writes, and it was what she learned for herself on tho fifth day of her sojourn In the boarding house. For four consecutive morn ings Dora had seen the woman scribbling away at a furious pace. Finally even her dormant faculties were impressed by such literary ac tivity. "My," she said, admiringly, "but you must have brains." The woman laid down her pencil. "Dora," she said, wearily, "I haven't an ounce of brains." Clearly Dora's disillusionment was painful, but her syympathetlc na ture sustained her. "No?" she said. "Well, you need not mind me. I ain't very smart myself." Signs on the Links. An Irishman was walking along a road, says the Philadelphia Publlo Ledger, when he was suddenly struck between the shoulders by a' golf ball. The force of the blow almost knocked him down. When he recovered he observed a golfer running toward him. "Are you hurt?" said tho player. "Why didn't you get out of tho way?" "An' why should I get out of tho way?" said Pat. "I didn't know there were any assassins around here." "But I called 'fore,' " said the player, "and when I say 'fore,' that Is a sign for you to get out of the way." Oh, It Is, Is It?" said Pat. "Well, thin, whin I say 'foive' it's a eign that you're going to git hit on the nose. 'Folve.' " Spiritual. In making a sharp turn, the rear end of a street car struck an express wagon laden with Jugs of whisky. Nearly all the Jugs were precipitated to the pavement, with the natural disastrous result. The driver .of the wagon alighted, and, pointing to the pile of demolished earthenware, said to a bystander, "That's hell, ain't it?" The spectator, who happened to be a minister, replied, "Well, my friend, I don't know that I would Bay that, but's at least the abode of departed spirits." Sweet Enough. Tom "And when you proposed Bhe gave you a sweet answer?" Dick "She did, indeed.' Tom "Ah! she said, 'Yes?' " Dick "No; she said, 'Fudge.' " . On To Themselves. "Pa," asked little Willie, looking up from his book, "what's a mis-an-thro-plst?' " "A misanthropist," replied his pa, "is the sort of fellow who, after catching himself cheating at soli taire, decides that all men are liars and frauds." New Definition. A priest was describing heaven to a class of boys. He ended by saying, "You may describe heaven in two words 'eternal bliss. Now can any boy describe hell to me in two words?" A voice: . "Please, sir, eternal blister." Saved Her. Wlfo (during the spat) I dont believe you ever did a charitable act In your life. Husband I did one, at least, that I have lived to regret. .Wife Indeed! What was It pray? 'Husband I saved you from dying an old maid.