BY DAVID OVER.
Jth ft |so?trq.
From the Atlantil Monthly.
LIT I LK DAT WARNINGS,
IVhen legislators keep .he law—
When bmks dispense with bolts and locks,
Wnen berries— Whortle, rasp and straw
Grow bigger downwards through the box—
TV heft he that selleth house or Uud
Shows leak in roof or flaw in right—
When haberdashers choose the stand
Whose window has the broadest light-
When preachers .ell ns all they think
Aud p irty leaders all they moan—
When what wa pay for, that we drink.
From real grape and cutlet bean—
When lawyers take what they would give,
And doctors give what they would takt—
When city fathers eat to live,
Save when they fast for consciences' sake—
When one that hath i hors# for sale
Shall bring his merit to the proof,
Without a lie for every nail
That holds the iron on the hoof—
When Cuba's weeds have quite forgot
The power of suction to resist,
And claret bottles harbor not
Such dimples as would hold your fist.
When publishers no longer steal;
And pay tor what they stole before
When tbo t)rt locomotive's wheel
Kohs thro' the lioosac tunnel's bore.
Till then let Cummiog blaze away,
And liter's saints blow up the globe;
But when you see that blessed day,
Thin order your ascension robe?
From Iht Stalls.
STRAY TUOI GISTS
BT W. 3EAKIS 3ECEB.
Ton and I, funny creatures —are we not?
Here to day, to-morrow—where?
Ever changing this our lot,
Joy or sorrow, ease or care-
Thus we journey ou tbrougo life,
Meeting, parting, friemii and foe*.
'-Mingling in the daily strife,
Sharing in its bliss and woe*—
Going, coming,
Till we die,
Ever roaming,
Yea and I.
Tou and I, funny creatures—do you doubtf
Remember this when nsxt we meet,
Doubtless, then you'll find it out,
As we pass upon the street;
Do we smile as brothers should?
A kindly glance from out the heart,
And drop a word, as oit we could,
1 bus show a manly friendly part?
Daily meeting,
Passing by,
.Never greeting.
You and I.
You and I, funny creatures—soon to mo
The heart's last throb will come and go,
And your own will cease to be
A source of life where pie igures flow ;
Then, smiles that given now, wiil lorm
The iris o'er the boundless sea,
Where friends will gather through the storm
Reflections there of thee and me—
Whilst all alone
Those forms will lie,
That once were known
As you and I.
ON KISSING.
If kissing wero not lawful,
The lawyers would not use It;
And if it were not pious,
The clergy would not choose it;
And if it whrenot i dainty thing.
The ladies would not crave it ■,
And if it were not plentiful,
The poor girls conld not havo it.
Wrir MAHOMEDANS ABHOR PORK.— In
Europe, during many centuries, the only
animal food in general use was pork—
beef, 7eal, mutton being comparatively
unkuown. It was, therefore, with tto small
astonishment that the crusaders on returing
from the East said they had been among
'people, who, like the Jews, thought pork
unclean and refused to cat it. But the
feelings of lively wonder which this intelli
gence excited wero destroyed as soon as
the cause of the fact was explained. The
sabject was taken up by Mathew Parrs,
the most eminent historiaß during the thir
teenth century, and one of the most emi
nent duriug the Middle Ages. This cel
ebrated writer informs us that the Maborn
niedans refuse to eat pork on account of a
singular circumstance which happened to
their prophet. It appears Mahommed
having on one occasion, gorged himself
with food and drink till he was iu a state of
tuseusibility fell asleep o Q a dunghill, and
la this disgraoeful condition was seen by &
litter of pigs. The pigs attacked the fallen
prophet, and suffocated him to death; for
which reason his followers abominate ' pigs
and refuse to partake of their tiesk. This
striking fact oxplaius one great peculiarity
of the Maliomtaedans; aud another fact
equal 1? striking explains how it was tl.at
their sect came into existence For it wns
wtli known that Mabouiiued was originally
a Cardinal arid ooiy bsoaun Uielie u.„,
ho f?.Jad in his design of being elected Pope-
BuckWs Hillary of Civilization in Eng
land. °
A Wsekly Paper, Devoted to Literature, Politics, the Arts, Sciences, Agriculture, &c., &c —Terms: Two Dollars per annum.
IfiaiCil.Tllll.
THE IWGIUTM IN NEW JERSEY. —Sir
With this I send a sample of Sirup of Sor
gho or Chinese Sugar Cane, as one of the
results of some interesting experiments
made by Mr. Ross well Plnmmer, an intel
ligent farmer, living near New Brunswick,
N. J. Mr. P. plauted one acre with sor
gho seed about the middle of May—the.
soil being of medium quality and Condition,
composed of the debris of red sbule; and
notwithstanding the unfavorable season, the
crop came up, grew, and matured tolerably
well. Having constructed a cheap and use
ful mill for crushing the Canes, (which was
exhibited at the State Fair at New Bruus
wick, and noticed io Jour columns,) he
commenced cutting tho cane on tlie27tli
of September, wheu 100 canes were cut
and run through the mill, producing 13
gallons of sap, and from this five quarts of
good molasses were made. Oct. G, a load
of cane was cut, which, when stripped of
its leaves and tops, weighed 515 lbs., and
when run through the mill produced 24 i
gallons of the sap. On six square rods o:
ground, bo cut 2,120 lbs. of cane, which,
when stripped of leaves and tops, produced
06 gallons of sap; and ou 40 square rods ol
ground he cut 14,370 lbs. of cane. Oct.
12, ho selected and cut his ripest cane, and
produced 1 gallon of the very finest quality
of molasses from 6 gallons of sap. On the
16ih of StQiteuibor, he sgatu cut Lis ripest
car.e and boiled ths sap from it and pro*
dueei a beautiful white sugar; he has also
distilled a very fine quality of spirits from
the sap, yielding one gallon of spirit from
six cf the sup. He further states that the
cane produces the best results at the time
when tbn tops are about one-half turned,
and in boiling immediately after pressing
front the cane, if the pans are rightly set-, it
is almost impossible to scorch or burn the
srp. Some of the sirup when carefully
made, has been almost colorless, and that
without any substance wbateuer being used
to claiify it. Wheu reduced to about one
quarter its fiulk by bulling, be strained it
while hot IhVough a new flannel bag; this
gives ft great purity.
Great care shoold be observed in seeing
that the pans or kettles are thoroughly
cleansed, and that all the coloring matter
which may attach itsolf to the sides of the
pans shall be removed, so as not to stain
the sugar or molasses. G. W. A.—„V. I*.
Tribune.
A QCKSTTON ABOUT MOCK.— Nathan
D. Coffin, of Hancock Co., Ind., says he
has plenty of straw, as well as muck on his
farm, and inquires if it woul J not be better
to use the straw as an absorbent for ma
nure, and haul the muck directly to the
Geld instead of taking it to the yard and
then out, thus making double cartage.
If straw be very abundant for the yard,
and the soil bo a warm one, not greatly
needing the immediate benefit of manure,
the proposed plan would answer. But muck
and all peaty substances aro usually iu a
kind of pitchy or aspbaltic condition, so that
tbey resist the action of the air, and do not
decay aud yield up their elements readily
without being first subjected to the action
of alkalies, (lime or ashes.) or to the heating
of the compost heap. Putting them into the
yard where tbey will be mixed with the an
imal manures serve a double purpose; firstj
the heating of the manure decomposes the
muck, swamp mud, leaves, &c., nd fits
them for plant food; while, second, ese
substances act as absorbents to retain i c
the gasses and escaping elements of the
more readily decaying auimal manures.—
They are similar to straw in their compo
sition and effects upon growing plants.
Wkeu muck or peat is untirely uunaeded
in the yard, owing to a superabundance ot
straw, it uiay ho dug out and piled up
with a bushel of slaked lime to half a cord
or more, thoroughly mixing it in. Left iu
this way a few weeks or months, it will be
come fitted for direct application and bene
fit to cultivated fields. In cold, wet, or
clay land, muck will oltcu lie for years uu
decouiposed. IB warm, light soils it is more
rapidly reduced, and therefore sooner avail
able to plaDts, though not immediately so,
except in the most favorable conditions of
warmth, air and moisture. Everything
considered, it is gcnetally better to cart it
first to the yards and oouipoet it with ma
nure.—American Agriculturist.
BAVE THE SOOT. —This, though gene
rally thrown into the street, and wasted, is
one of the best manures. It is extensively
used in Fngland, and when ooly 15 or 20
bushels are applied to the aeret it iuiuces
the m-jst !uxu:ia n t crops of wheat and other
grain. It contnius, IU small couipass, al
most all tho ingredients of the coal or wood
used for ftrel. It tlso ooitains several salts
of ammonia, magnesia, lime and muriatic
acid. Its components are the natural food
or stinaulents of plants, and it can be used
to great advantage as a concentrated fertil
izer, to stimulate germiuating seeds in the
drill. It is not only sown broadcast with
the giain,but it is applied to the root crops
with the best results. Potatoes and car
rots, especially, are benefitted by it. Six
quarts of soot to a hogshead of water make
an excellent liquid manure for the garden-
It ean be applied with safety to all garden
crops, and will pay well for saving. ID
putting the stoves, furnaces and fire-places
in order for Winter, boar it in mind that
soot is valuable, and will be wanted for
Spriug use. One, two, three or wore bar
rels can be saved easily in most families, es
pecially where wood is burned.
llow TO MAKE LARD CANDLES
Messrs. Editors:—Having been the recipi
ent of many favors through the columns up
ycur invaluable publications, I prop se as
far as in me lies, io cancel the obligations
already incurred, and as the first instalment
I shall offer a recipe for making hard, du
rable aud clear burning candles of lard.—
The manufacture of lard candles is canicd
on to a considerable extent in some of the
Western Stat'—, particularly Wisconsin,aud
being monopolized by the few has proved
very lucrative The following is the re
ceipt in tolo.
To every 8 lbs. of lard, add one ounce ni
tric acid; and the manner of making is as
follow*: Having carefully weighed your
lard, place it over a slow fire, or at least
merely melt it; then add the acid, and
mould the same as tallow, and you have a
clear, beautiful candle.
ID order to make them resemble bona fide
tallow candles, yu have only to add a
small propmtiua of pure beeswax. J. A.
Bonis SON. — Country Ccntlema n.
CURING BEEP AND FORK.— The follow
ing mode of curing beef and pork, we have
perhaps given before, but it will bear repub
lication:
To one gallon of water,
Take 14 lbs. salt,
4 lb. brown sugar,
4 oz. saltpetre,
4 oz. potash.
In tlis ratio the pickle to be increased to
auy quantity desired.
Let there be boiled together until all the
dirt from the salt and sugar (which will not
be a little) rises to the top aud is akitntned
off. Then throw the pickle into a large tub
to cool, aud when cold, pour it over your
beef or pork, to remain the usual time, say
from four to six weeks, aceordiug to the size
of the pieces, and the kind of meat. The
meat must be well covered with the fickle,
and it phould not he put dowu for at least
two dais after killing, during which time
it should be slightly sprinkled with powder
ed saltpetre.— Germantown Telegraph..
HORSE TALK.— The X<- York Spirit of
the Times give the followi
of a good horse:
1. His eyes even when seen in the stable,
are perfectly clear and transparent, and the
pupils or apples of the oyes are alike in col
or and size.
2. On beirtg nipped in the gullet, he will
utter a sound like that from a bellows; if,on
the contrary, he should give vent to a dry,
husky, short cough, beware of him—bis wind
is unsound.
3. His legs are smooth and 'clean : if you
find hunehes or puffs or difference in size,
though he may not be lame, disease lurks
there.
4. If broad and fnll between the eyes, he
is scsceptible of being trained to almost any
thing.
5. If some white or parti-eolnred, he is
docile and gentle.
BREAD. —It is said 'bat one of the most
wholesome kinds of bread that can be used i
made thus without salt, saleratus, yeast,or
rising of any sort.
Take bolted or unbolted flour or meal,
thoroughly moisten the whole with pure soft
water, scalding hot, that is about one hun
dred and sixtv degrees Fahrenheit, make it
up firm, not sticky, thon roll and cut into
strips, or any other form, not over a quarter
of an inch thick, and half an inch broad.—
Bake quickly in a hot oven until the dough
has acquired a soft fine brown oolor, or un
til the water has nearly all evaporated.
Hydropathics say that a sweeter bread
than this was never tasted. It cortainiy is
pure bread, cannot oour, will keep almost
indefinitely, aud if made of unbolted flour
must he too most healthful and nutritious
bread that can be prepared. But peiplo
won't use i'. because thev have not beenac
ous.omed to it—just as rUns would never
use an iron tiro to hi- cart wheel, because
he had uover seen one u-cd. Besides, most
persons have unconquerable prejudice against
BEDFORD, PA., (FRIDAY. NOVEMBER 20. 1857.
u-ing or doins nnvthin) that has unmixed
food in it.— Dr. Hall.
ALUM ro HARDEN CANDLES. —Asa M.
Holt says —in the autuun of 1856 I killed
a tat cow, and my hoksekeeper tried the
tallow, then she made i parcel of mould
candles Iroin the lallowwithout using alum.
Afterwards she made -ome of the same
kind cf tallow into candes by dipping.—
But before she dipped tie c&ndles, she dis
solved alum in water, an! mixed it with the
tallow of which she flndc the candles.—
mould candles and tbb cl candles were
kept together, and in thi hot weather in the
list summer, while the tSpped candles with
which alum was used, wire sufficiently hatd
and firm, aud burned tviji, the mould cah
d!es which were made riibout alum, were
so soft that they could |ot bear their own
weight, but fell down it) the candlesticks
and could uot be used |!1 the weather be
came cooler.
THE POTATO HOT. —'Jrentou N. J., pa
pers say that potato tot jfevails extensively
in the southern part of tint State. In Cum
berland, Sslein.and Glouiter counties, many
i f the tanners will not iccieve more than
one-tliird of an ordinary crop from fields
that u few weeks ago gavi every evidence
of extraordinary yield. On the other hand,
we hear that in Pounsviunia, were the rot
was supposed to have counitted great rav
ages, it has been discovered not to be near
as bad *4 supposed.
A HINT FOR FARM FAS —It looks aw
though there might he something in this:
A farmer of Curl laud county, New York
named Atila Burlingame>-says that wheat
can be prevented from in bins, in
damp weather, if one dry >rick is put in it
for eviry five bushtl of {fain, and evenly
distributed throughout tig bin. We believe
tiiis. Ihe trick everybody knows or ought
to know, ia a great absomer of moisture.
An Over-true Tale of-Kunuln-r Tll
laluj and Terrible Retribution—
I act Trespassing Ujpou the C'eu
flr.es of Fiction- L
x iule wo norrtoie, invoTvmg consequen
ces so terrible, was told to us yesterday
that for humanity's sake, we would gladly
deem it fictitious, or but the frightful vis
ion of a disordered brain, weto it not that
the information reaches us through a source
which makes us believe it strictly veritable,
and, as sucit, within the proper proviuce of
record iu our local coiumus.
it appears that at a ccrtaiu boarding
house in this city, a few mouths ago, was a
female boarder—a young and beautiful
women—a milliner or mantuimiker by oc
cupation. The proprietors of the establish
ment in which she was engaged became
involved and closed doors, throwing ber
out of employment, living destitute of
money and friends, and virtuous witbal, she
found it impossible to pay her board bill,
and was consequently obliged to run in debt,
to her landlady.
To this the hostess made no very decided
objection at first, but as weeks wore away
jhe became more urgent for ber pay, and fi
nally hinted, to ber shame be it said, that
tbeie was away in which young and hand
some women like her hoarder, could obtain
not only money enough for the necessaries
of life, but a sufficiency to socure its luxu
ries. The hint, —jumistakably pointing, as
it did, to the sacrifice of her honor—un
speakably horrified the young lady, inno
cent and pure minded as she was, aud she
retired weeping to her chamber. But the
hag fiend was insatiate for her pay, aud was
not to be thwarted of ber purpose by the
mero effusion of tears, though they welled
from the heart of a sinless girl, who she well
knew could i'l spare them, as they wero all
too soon to be requisite to quench the fires
of hell about to be kindled in her breast,
which till then, had never knowu aught less
pure or holy than a mental flame.
The hag—'twero sacrilege to call lief by
a name less opprobrious —persisted in her
attempts to andetmiuc the virtue of the dis
tressed and friendless girl- Alternately
she importuned her for money, and
before her, in half women, naif Satanic elo
quence, the advantage she might derive,
the luxuries obtain* by bringing her perseu
al charms to bear upon the other sex, sur
rendering merely their use awhile till for
tune frowned less darkly, aud then urging
that after simply enjoying the interest, she
could retire on tho principal; or in other
words, entreating her to 'stoop to conquer.'
Awhile she Urged in vniu, and might,
probably until Doomsday, if she had not
enlisted the services of those whoso argu
ments and entreatios were of other than a
verbal nature. Men were introduced to ber
—men whose object, whose soleobjsci, wa->
to seduce her. Their efferts for days, nights
and weeks, were fruitless, but they were fi
nally successful. She foil, as thousands of
Ler sex have fallen before her, a victim to
pecuniary aud profligate pressure.
Thenceforth, all was changed with the
fallen girl. Cr.lico gave place to lawn, and
lawn to silk. Her flounces increased and
the circumference of her skirts expanded.
She throve in purse and person, but grew
sick at soul.
And her hostess—did remorse seize her
on seeing tbo consummation of her diaboli
cal purpose 1 Not so; she received her
money now at the close of each week : nnd a
batidsome sunt it was t.>o—not the beggar
ly pittance the poor milliner girl was wont
to pay for her board. Not then did remorse
seize her ; but
A most terrible retribution was in store
for her. Justice, though blind, still lives,
and occasionally even yet gives fearful and
indubitable evidence of vitality. A gentle
man one day called at the house to ate the
landlady. lie proved to bo u mutual ac
quaintance of her's and her husband, from
whom she had been divorced for fifteen
years aud had not since seen.
lie was invited into the parlor. The girl
—once pure, now fallen—was there. lie
was presented. A glaucc of recognition
passed between them, lie recognized in
her the daughter of the woman of the house
—the very hag who hid planned and ac
complished her ruin .' A scene, which beg
gars description, immediately ensued. Even
could it he depicted it should uot be. At
irs close iire daughter left the house imme
diately, and wiuce then has pursued a most
abandoned life, in spitefof all efforts to re
claim her.
'Too
her throat the liquor is poured almost in
cessantly, making it altogether probable
that she will not survive the year.
She, it appears, was surrendered to the
father at the tiute of his divorce from her
mother, and was for years supported by him
in a distant Eastern city, where he resided
under aa assumed name until he died, and
then his daughter drifted westward until
she strauded here.— Ciucmnatti E/iguiitr.
The Necromancer la Algiers.
Every one who has seen or heard speak of
rtie gieai 1V.U.1 Ifouatn. niSife.
the prince of conjurors, he is an able mathe
matician and mechanician, and his electric
clock, made for the ifotel de Vilie of his na
tive towu of Blois, obtained a medal at the
Pat is Exhibition. It is not generally known
that he was sent to Algeria by the French
Government on amission connected with the
black art—probably the first time that a
conjurer has been called upon to exercise bis
profession in government employ. Some
details of his expedition have just been pub
lished. Its object wis to destroy the in
fluence exercised among the Arab tribes by
the marabouts—an influeuce often mischiev
ously applied. By a few clumsy tricks and
impostures these marabouts passed them?
selves off as sorcerers; no one, it was justly
thought, was better able to eelipso their
skill and discredit their scieuce than the
man of inexhaustible bottles.
One of the great pretentions of the mara
bout was to invulnerability. At the moment
that a loaded musket fired at him, and the
trigger pulled, lie pronounced a few caba
listic words, aud the weapon did not go off.
Houdin detected the trick, and showed that
the toucliboie was plugged. The Arab wizard
was furious, and abused bis French rival.—
"You may revenge yourself," quietly replied
Houdin, "take a pistol, load it yourself; here
are bullets, put oue in the barrel but before
doing so mark it with your kuife."
The Arab did as be was told. "You are
quite certaiu, now," said Houdin, "that the
pistol is loaded and will go off. Tell me, do
you feel BO remorse in killing me thus, not
withstanding tliat I authorise you!" "You
are tuy enemy," coolly 'cplied the Arab;
"I will kill you." Without repljiug, Houdin
stuck an apple on the point of a knife, and
calmly gave tho word to fire- The pistol
was discharged, the apple flew far away, and
there appearod in its place, stuck on the
point of the kuife, tho bullet the marabout
bad marked- The spectators remained mute
from stupefaction; the marabout bowed he
fore bis superior: "Allah is great!" he said
"I am vanquished." lustead of the bottle
from which, in Europe, Robert Houdin pours
an endless stream of every description of
wiueand liquor, he called foran empty bowl,
which he kept continually full of boiling
coffee, but few of the Arabs would taste it
for they made sure that it came direct from
tho devil's own coffee pot. He then told
them that it was in his power to deprive
them of all strength, and to restore it to
them at will, and he produced a small box,
so light that a child could lift it with its
finger; but it suddenly became so heavy that
the strongest man present could not raise it,
and the Arabs, who prize physical strength
above everything, looked with terror at tho
great magiciau who, they doubted not, mould
annihilate them by the mare exertion of bis
will.
They expressed this belief} Iloudia con-
firmed them in if, aud promised that, on a
day appointed, he would con vert one of them
into suioke. The day came; the thror.g was
prodigious; a faDatieal marabout had agreed
to give himself up to the sorcerer. They
made hint stand upon a tablo and covered
him with a transparent gauze; then Houdin
and another persoo lified the table by the
two ends, and the Arab disappeared in a
cloud of suioke. The terror of the specta
tors was iu ueseribable; they rushed out of
the place, aud ran a long distauee before
some of the boldest thought of returning to
look after ti.e marabout.
They found him near the place where he
had beeu evaporated; but be could tell them
nothing, and was like a drunken man iguo
rantot what badhappeued to him.—Thence
forward Huudin was venerated, ami the
marabouts despised; the object of the French
governmc-iit was completely attained. The
fashion of "testimonials" having, it appears,
infected even the Arabs, a number of chiefs
presented the Freuch conjuror with a piece
of Arab writing, wonderfully
hyperbolical amieulogistic, and to which
tbey were so attentive as to append a Freuch
translation. Beside* this memorial of his
Algerine titp, lloudin has a rosary which
he one day borrowed from an Arab to per
form a trick with, and wbi-h the owner,
persuaded that Sheitan in person was before
bim, refused to receive back.— Times' Paris
Correspondent.
COINED MONET AND PAPER MONET.—
The discussions now going on in a thousand
prints, respecting the mutual advantages
and disadvantages of coined money and pa
per money, suggest to us that a hasty sketch
of the origin of both specie* of currency
may be interesting to many readers of tbe
Ledger.
In the earlier ages of the world, exchan
ges were made by bartering one article for
another, as a sheep for a coat, a cow for a
sword, and a herd of cattle for a bit of land.
As socie'y advanced, however, the disad
vantages of this method of trading began to
be seriously felt) and some other systein
was sought to ctarissd Tfc® precious
metals, on account both of their value and
compactness, were adopted among most
communities as a solution to the problem,
though ether communities employed shells,
the American Indians for example, and still
others other substitutes. At first the silver
Was used in bars. But the difficulty of as
saying it, as well as the difficulty of weigh
ing it, for each separate transaction, grad
ually led to the stamping it, and then to
tbe cutting off pieces of certain determined
weights. Th'-se tbiogs were finally done
by public authoiitj ; and hence tli6 origin
of gold, silver and other coins.
The first piece cf stamped money of this
description was doubtless minted before the
historic period. It is said by Pliny, nev
ertheless, that the Romans bad no coined
money before the time of Servius Tuilius.
Rut, long prior to that period, the Pbeni
cians and other commercial nations used
stamped coins. It is plain, from more than
one passage in the Rible, that money of this
kind was familiar to the Hebrews, at a very
early epojh in their aunals. Iron was em
ployed by the Spartans in coinage ; copper
by the Romans ; gold aDd silver by richer
and more commercial nations. Generally
the early coins of all nations were exceed
ingly rude. Rut we tnut except those of
the Greeks, who exhibited iu their coinage,
as in ail things else, their natural aptitude
for the beautiful. We are indebted to the
classic world for the term money, coins hav
ing, according to tradition, been firstatruek
at the temple of Juno Monthi. The word
pecuniary is from the Latin peevs, a floek>
flocks and herds being equivalent to money
originally. Cosh is from the French caisse,
or coffer in which money was kept. The
derivation of dollar is less authentically
established. Cent is from the Latin. Sdi/-
/tng is Saxon. Thus all nations and ages
hare contributed to furnish the evcry-day
tetms of commerce.
Paper mouey is of comparatively modern
birth. It first appeared in the shape of bills
of exchange and promissory notes. Com
mercial transactions in England are stiil
carried on, to a great extent, with these me
diums. Bank notes, in the United States,
have,however, almost monopolized the term.
Banks themselves are the invention of a
quite recent period. The word bauk comes
from bunco, the Italian for bench, because
dealers in money first sat on benohes, in
the market-planes of It iliau towns, in the
middle ages. The Bank of Veuice, tho pa
rent of all other banks, was first established
A. D., 1171. The Bank of Amsterdam
followed, A. D., 1609; that of Hamburg,
A. 1)., 1619: and that of England, A. D ,
1694. The earlier of these banks, howev
ever, were not banks of issue, but of depos
it and discount ouly. In the United States,
banks of issue—that is, banks which put
forth paper money—prevail to a greater
VOL. -30. NO, 47.
extent than anywhere else in the world.
The French coins are, on the whole, the
most beautiful of those of any modern na
tion. There are few things, indeed, in
which there is more room for improvement;
for, neither in design nor in execution, are
modern coins, in general, meritorious.—
Pkila. Ltdnn.
lOICTIOSAMREVEXfcE
The tragedy committed in Philadelphia
rn Weduesday week,at the St. Lawtence He
tcl, has created an immense exoitement in
that city. Mr. Richaid Carter, the deceas
ed came to this country about twenty-five
years since with a brother, and settled at
Tarniqua, in Schuylkill county.
The brothers were miners, and being very
industrious and saving tay got fogethrr con
siderable means and went into busineos upon
their own account They oecarae extensive
ly engaged in rniuing, storekecping and in
the manufacture of iron. In this business
they associated themselves with a man with
out capital, nained John McCauby, a resi
dent of Berwick. Their furnaces were sub
sequently burned, and MeCaulev was a ru
ined mau. The brothers Carter continued
prosperous, and Ilichard was made President
of the Anthracite Bank at Tauuqns. He
was at the time of his death fot ty-seven years
of age He was a religious man, so far as
professions go, prominent in works o? chari
ty, aud his reputation only suffered froui
one cause, to wit, his fondness for women
j outside of bis own family, anil his amours ,
j were numerous and seandalons. About two
years since he was tried at Orwigsburg for
the seduction of a yiung lady but his mean*
j enabled bitn to get out of the scrape.
Some few years since, the wife of Mr.
McCauiey, his former partner, died leaving
an interesting and beautiful daughter named
Elizabeth, who was then about twenty years
of age. Mr. Carter took much interest in
| this young lady, and at his request her fath
! -f consented that this old patron should take
the charge of her education upon himself.—
Mr. Carter sent his ward to th- Wosit-yan
Femile Academy, at Wilmington.Dcleware
lie was in the habit of sending her word to
meet him in Philadelphia. She would obey
the summons and repair to theGirard House
where they would remain together, publicly
as uncle and niece but privately as man and
wife, from Saturday until Monday, when
Miss. McCauiey would return to Professor
Loouiis's establishment at Wilmington, and
her protector would go back to his wife at
Taiuaqua without her suspecting theeirand
her faithless husband had been upoD. Upon
one occasion Mr. Certer and Miss. McCauiey
travelled together to Niagara, and at anoth
er time they spent some days together at
Saratoga.
A young uian named Thomas Washington
Smith, from Cecil oouuty, Maryland, was at
one time clerk in the store of Mr. Carter,
at Tamaqua. Mr. Smith afterwards became
a travelling agent fot various periodicals,
and was iu the habit of visiting his sister,
who was a teacher at the Wesieyan Acad
emy at W iluiington. Upon one of these
visits he became acquainted with Miss Mc-
Cauiey, and was euamored of her.
About a year ago he married her in op
position to the wishes of Mr. Carter, and
four months later she gave birth to a child,
which was the result of her intimacy with
her guardian.
Lpou making this discovery Smith parted
from his wife, and has since been making ar
rangements to commence an action for di"
voree. Tlio fatal result of the meeting at
the St. Lawrence Hotel, seems to have been
premeditated.
Mr. Smith will be tried at tho next court,
when wo hope the verdict will be, "Served
right;"
A GUBERNATORIAL RACE.— One of the
Albany State street hardware stores boasts
of two clerks who are sons of ex-Govomors.
Ooe is the son of ex-Governor Seward, of
New York, and the other of ex-Gocernor
Gibbs, a down-e.ist Governor. On Tuesday
Seward bet Gibbs five dollars that Le did
notdaro to start out bare-headed and in bis
shirt sleeves, and carry a scuttle of coal
around the biock in eight minutes. Gtbbs
took up the bet and propelled. Seward fol
lowed after* and by starting a cry of "stop
thief!" undertook to got Gibbs dragged to
to the Station House, and thus win the hot
by stratagem. It was no go, however, Gibbs
put on steam, rolled up his trowsers, and
wou the race by a neck.
BAYARD TAYLOR states that the fiihor
tuen ou the ooast of Norway are supplied
with wood from tho tropics, by the Gulf
Stream. Think of Arctic fishers bnrning
upon their hearths tho palms of ILiyti, tho
Mahogany of Houtiuras, and the precious
woods of the Amaxon and the Orinoo) !
A Little Lasy— Our devil-