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»
A SERMON FOR SUNDAY
AN ELOQUENT DISCOURSE ENTITLED
“INSANE FROM SIN.”
The Rev. Dr. J. Wilbur Chapman Presents
in a Vivid Way the Effect of Wrong-
Doing Upon the Mind—Self-Indulgence
Ruins Men, Self-Denial Makes Them.
NEw York City.—The Rev. Dr.J. Wil-
bur Chapman, the most popular of our
pulpit orators, has never preached a more
dramatic and powerful sermon than the
following one, entitled “Insane From Sin.”
It is founded on the text, “In the tombs,
crying and cutting himself with stones.”
~—Mark 5: 5.
© You are doubtless familiar with this
New Testament chapter in which our
Lord is represented as having power over
devils, disease and death. Over devils
when He cast out the evil spirits from the
man in the tombs, finding enough in him
to fill 2 herd of swine, and enough swine
to fill the sea, as an old preacher used to
say; over disease when He healed the
woman who had faith enough to touch
His garment’s hem, and power over death
when He stands at the home of Jairus and
commands his little daughter to awake
and restores her to her weeping parents.
It is a comforting chapter in the light of
the fact that He is the same yesterday, to-
day and forever.
In speaking of “the sinfulness of sin” 1
desire to present it at this time in its ef-
fect upon the mind. Insanity has been de-
scribed as a chronic disease of the brain
inducing chronic disorder of the mental
condition, yet there is a sense in which the
fevered patient in his delirium and the
drunkard in his excitement or stupor is
insane. There are two kinds of insanity
first, congenital, or that which is inherited
where brain development is arrested. Sec-
ond, acquired, or that in which the brain
is born healthy, but has suffered from
morbid processes affecting it primarily,
diseased states of the general system im-
plicating it secondarily. In our treatment
of this theme I have to do with both of
these, for in the first we see how the sins
of the fathers are visited upon the children
unto the third and fourth generations,
while in the second we behold an exhibi-
tion of that insanity of sin which is due
to individual excesses or the breaking of
od’s laws. The Bible is full of illustra-
tions.
It is not necessary that I should go to
an institution to find men who are insane. |
I turn to the pages of this old book and
read the story of Nebuchadnezzar, the
king. Now you see him on his hands and
knees eating grass, and his nails are like
birds’ claws and his hair like eagles’ feath-
ers. Yet as we read we find he lifted his
eyes to heaven and God set him free.
There is not less for a man in this City of
New York—no matter what his bondage—
if he will but lift his eyes up he may be
free.
Then we turn to I. Samuel, second chap-
ter, and we see the man who wrote the
Twenty-third Psalm, David playing the
fool before the man of whom he was
afraid, crouching upon the sides of the
door posts and becoming disgusting.
In the tenth chapter of Exodus we read
the story of the man who was the king—
whose face I had the privilege of seeing as
a mummy in Egypt—the man who said,
“I will let the people go now if you will
take away the swarm of flies—if you will
take away the frogs.” And the frogs
were taken away, and the flies, and he
did not let them go, for God hardened his
heart—an insane man, but not more in-
sane than the man who has promised ever
since he was a child that he would be a
‘Christian and give up sin, and is still its
slave. f
Turn to the New Testament, and -here
we find the picture of the prodigal. When
‘he came to himself—when he was not him-
self he was satisfied with swine, so long
as he had forgotten his father and his
mother, whom tradition says he killed,
he was satisfied, but when he came to
himself he was not. Ah, the young man,
with the memory of a sweet mother back
in Ohio, who has stepped into the evil of
sin in New York and turned his face
away from Christ, he is insane. It'is the
‘hope of the minister and the prayer of at
least one hundred people in this church
that during this series of meetings some
of these young men may come to them-
selves, and then come to Christ.
_X have been going through the institu-
tions, where I have had ‘the privilege of
looking upon the insane people confined
there, and I have found out the following:
First, many people are insane because
of the sins of their parents. Results of
crime on future generations.
At the recent meeting of the Congress
of Criminal Anthropology at. Geneva,
‘Switzerland, Dr. Legrain, physician-in-
chief of the asylum of Ville-Evrard, gave
the results'of his investigation, which ex-
tended over a period of years and showed
how sin, like disease, is transmitted from
drunken father to appetite enslaved son;
how in such soil the seeds of crime and
madness develop and ripen in the last gen-
eration into sterile idiocy and the extine-
tion of the race.
First Generation. :
He traced the course of four generations
of drinkers in 215 families. One hundred
and sixty-eight families showed unmistak-
able symptoms of degeneracy; sixty-three
cases of mild insanity; eighty-eight were
mentally unsound; forty-five at times-dan-
gerously insane; many of the children
were weaklings and died at an early age,
six out of sight in one case, ten out of six-
teen in another. These six latter who re-
mained were all feeble minded and had
epileptic fits and a prey to evil instincts.
hirty-nine families found convulsions;
epilepsy in fifty-two; hysteria in sixteen;
meningitis in five; 108 families out of the
215 counted one out of every two individ-
uals victims of periodical alcoholic deli-
rium; 106 families of the 215 insanity had
developed.
‘Second Generation.
Ninety-eight observations gave the fol-
lowing: Fifty-four families had one or
more members who were imbeciles or
idiots; twenty-three families there were
those who were morally irresponsible, un-
‘timely births, extraordinary mortality
and hereditary diseases caused the children
to die in appalling numbers. At this stage
fathers and mothers had become common
drunkards with but eight exceptions. In
forty-two families he found chronic cases
of convulsions, and epilepsy in forty. In
twenty-three families insanity exists.
Third Generation.
Seven observations, or families, gave
him a total of seventeen children; all
were mentally unsound and physically
stunted; two were insane, four subject to
convulsions, two epilepsy, two hysteria,
one meningitis, three scrofula.
Summing up the 814 cases found in the
215 families he found 32.2 per cent. were
alcoholics, 60.9 per cent. are degenerates,
13.9 per cent. morally irresponsible, 22.7
per cent. have convulsions, nineteen per
cent. are incurably insane; 174 disap-
peared from this world before er almost be-
fore having drawn their first breath; nine-
ty-three cases of tuberculosis, which bring
the total of those who died from heredit-
ary alcoholism up to one-third. >
There 1s no fifth generation, for the last
line is a microcephalous idiot. Thus
Moses was right, as proven by science,
when he said, “God visits the iniquities
of the parents unto the third and fourth
generation of them that hate Him.” There
is no fifth.
Sin is an awful thing. If I could uncover
it so that some of you could see it you
would shrink back from it as you would
shrink from a man who is a leper.
There are very many people who are in-
sane from over work. It is the tendency
of the times. Permit me to read to you
an editorial given m one of our recent
papers:
“Never was there such a craze for spec-
ulation as our age presents. Young and
old more or less feel its force. Slow gains
are discounted. Stock gambling is patron-
ized and recognized to an alarming extent.
The speculating spirit is rife in all direc-
tions and in all ways. Those who cannot
rent, an office in Wall Street patronize the
bucket shop and curbstone brokers. The
tricks of trade are mastered, and fortune
hunting is pursued with avidity. Risks
are incurred and principle sacrificed in
the haste to become rich. Great syndi-
cates are formed day by day and their
luring baits tempt many people. Little
savings are insured ample profits. Trade
is becoming largely speculative. Old-fash-
ioned business methods and ideals are
passing away, and much is being sacrificed
to more rapid modes of enrichment. Some
succeed, but the larger number fall in
their ventures. Fortunes are lost as well
as won. Money changes hands, and thou-
sands suffer where hundreds gain. Wrecks
of characters lie all along the pathway of
speculation. In all ranks and grades of
society are found the victims of wild,
reckless gambling.” Greed of wealth is be-
coming too much an American vice. Its
allurements are proving too strong for our
bright, energetic and ambitious young
men, and there is a call for a steadier,
wiser and safer spirit in business affairs.”
Second, there are many people insane to-
day because of self-indulzence, the lack of
self-restraint. Self-indu'cence ruins men,
self-denial makes them: self-indulgence
sells a man’s birthright for a mess of pot-
tage, and he tries to ger it again only to
find that it is impossible; self-denial
makes one to be possessed of increasing
strength; self-indulgence led Belshazzar
on until we find him in the centre of the
feast where the fingers of a man’s hand
write upon the wall, “Weighted in the
balances and found wanting,” and the
same thing is true to-dav, it is the lack of
self-restraint that has 1n:ade many a man
to lose his soul. Dr. Tainage tells of the
man whom he saw on the shores of a lake
in Scotland creeping out from under the
hull of an old wrecked vessel and lifting
up his hands tremblingly said, ‘Please,
sir, will you give me a penny?’ “For
what?’ said the minister. The answer
was, “For strong drink.” Dr. Talmage
said to him, “I am a minister and I cannot
give you the money for that, but I will
help vou. What is your name?’ and he
said the man buried his face in his hands,
shook with emotion, and then finally said,
“My name is’—and he sobbed it out.
“Why,” said Dr. Talmage, “I knew a man
by that name in Edinburgh, a prominent
merchant; did you know him?” “God
pity me, sir,” said he, ‘I am that man;
sin slew me, and I am here; my wife 18
dead, my children are in the poor house
and I am on my way to hell.” What a
warning for every man who gives way in
the least to sin.
There are many men in the insane insti-
tutions to-day because of self-indulgence
and lack of self-restraint. Who was it
that said, ‘“Better is he that ruleth his
spirit than he that taketh a city?’ Why,
if a man could only take a city what a
hero he would be! The word of God savs
that every man may be greater than he
that taketh a city if he will rule his own
spirit. Self-indulgence ruins, self-denial
makes men. - Self-indulgence sells a man’s
birthright for less than a mess of pottage.
e not deceived. God is not mocked,
whatscever a man sows that shall he reap.
1 came across one young man in the in-
sane asylum who came from one of the
first families in the country. There is not
a man better born than he. He had every-
thing that money could buy. Not only
was he lacking in self-restraint himself,
but his people were lacking in self-re-
straint. If the boy desired to go to
school he was at liberty to go; if he pre-
ferred not to go to school he could stay at
home. After a while there came a defect
in the brain: after a little while it was in-
sanity, so that now he is in an insane
asylum. I heard him say, “Will you per-
mit me to go to father and mother?”
“Certainly, certainly,” the keeper said.
“He will never go. He will never be
ready to go. He rises in the morning,
then he falls back on his cot; he begins to
dress and then stcps; he will just about
be ready to-night; to-morrow morning he
will have the delusion again. He never
quite gets up to his desire. That is his
mania.”” There is many a boy, possibly
in our church, whose home atmosphere is
like that, and it is a most dangerous one.
I do not know that the fathers were strict
enough. TI do not think my father was too
strict. In my boyhood’s home life was
the forming of my character. I should
like to hold up to every boy and every,
young man the highest ideals of manhood,
and I ask vou to take Christ.
Third, there are very many people men-
tally unbalanced to-day because of some
hallucination. A poor woman cried out as
I passed along through the wards of the
institution. “Doctor, I am burning up; if
could only have a breath of fresh air 1
would feel perfectly well again.” A man
who used to be a leader of society was ac-
tually burrowing in the ground like an ani-
mal, all the dignity of his manhood gone.
and the woman who was once the pride of
her home a mental wreck, and when 1
said to the doctor, “What is it that causes
this?” his answer was, “It is sin in very
many cases.” I know very well that there
are many who are insane because of in-
herited tendency and some because of over
work, their poor overstrained nerves have
given way, but have seen a countless
number in these latter days insane be-
cause of sin, and it is against this that 1
cry out.
IT.
There is a kind of insanity in the posi-
tion which men occupy with regard to
being Christians.
Firat, let us suppose a case of sickness
where the patient gradually grows worse,
the temperature is high, the pulse is rapid,
the heart is entirely wrong, the skin is
dried and parched, the case is critical, a
cure must come quickly or not at all, and
you go to the afflicted one and propose a
cure because your disease was the same
and you have been cured. Suppose the
patient should remark, “I do not feel that
this remedy will cure me, after a while I
will try it.” Possibly that is a specie of
insanity, but suppose he declares that he
will wait until he grows better and the
disease has practically left him; in this,
tog, he is insane. But suppose he tells you
that he cannot understand how the rem-
edy would cure him, and that until he can
comprehend it he will not accept it. Could
anything be more insane than such a po-
sition? Or suppose he should say, “1
would take it, but I know one who tried
it and failed.” I ask you, is not this a
species of insanity?
Second, what would you say concerning
the position of such a sick man? I know
what you would say. You would look at
him and say, “Poor man; he is insane;
feelings have nothing to do with the mat-
ter; you cannot grow better without a
remedy. The doctor understands the case
and you do not need to understand it.”
This is what you would say, but I know
thousands of people who are away from
Christ and staying away from Him for
these very reasons.
Some years ago a young man threw him-
self into the river from a steamboat, and
at once the cry of “Man overboard!”
startled all the passengers. They threw
back the searchlight in the darkness of
the night and could see that he was sink-
ing, but suddenly some one threw him a
rope, and a cheer went up because he had
caught hold of it. He drew the rope to-
ward him until at last they saw him lift
himself out of the water and then throw it
as far as he could and go down beneath
the waves. He was an insane man, hay-
ing escaped from his keepers, but the man
who rejects Christ, it would seem to me,
is more insane, for he has turned away
from the only cure for sin and rejected the
only hope of heaven.
111.
There is a beginning to all of this. Fave
vou heard the old fabie of the ring, vaiu-
able because of its gold. to be sure, but
that was not all? Whenever its wearer
stepped wrong the ring pressed his finger
and ho would step right again. It was a
fable of something that is true. That ring
is conscience. There Is many a man in
my audience whose consciousness of sin
five y2ars ago kept him from evil. Maec-
beth, one of Shakespeare’s characters,
having committed murder says: “Will all
great Neptune's ocean make these hands
elean?”’ And, lifting them up, cries:
“These hands will make the very sea red.”
I speak to some young men in this
church whose conscience is still working.
[ou can put your hands over your eyes
and there is before vou the face of a
sweet mother, who said to you: “My boy.
it is a very wicked world. I am afraid
for you without a mother’s presence.”
You have a memory of that mother. Your
consciznce is saying, “You had better give
up that sin.” God keep you from it.
There are special sins which TI should
like to suggest this evening in closing. I
need not speak of the sin of drunkenness.
You have heard of it this evening. John
B. Gough used to say, “God forgive me,
I do not speak it boastingly. Five years
of my life were a dark blot. I know what
the burning appetite for stimulants is.
have felt its woes and I have seen it in
many men who have died the drunkard’s
death but as God is mv witness, 1 say,
take away from me the friends of my old
age, let the hut of poverty be my dwelling
place, let me walk in the storm and live in
the whirlwind, when I do good let evil
come upon me, and the shouts of my ene-
mies as the sound of many waters, do all
this, O merciful God, but spare me from
the death of a drunkard.” 1 beseech you,
if conscience appeals to you now that you
yield at once to its teachings. Charles the
Ninth after the massacre of St. Bartholo-
mew said to the doctor, “I am fevered in
hod and mind: oh, if T bad only spared
the innocent, the preachers and the chii-
dren.” Rousseau declared in old age that
the sins committed in his vouth gave him
siecpless nights. Richard the Third hav-
slain his two nephews in the tower
would sometimes in the night spring from
his couch and touch his sword as if to
fight the demons coming up against him.
All this was conscience. In the name of
God do not stifle its voice and reject its
warning. :
I should like to say a special word to
the boys. I have the momory to-night of
a boy who told me that he had left his
father’s home and his father’s employ be-
cause he had begun to take money from
him, and the habit had so grown upon
him that it was impossible for him to re-
gist. “I began,” said he, “with a penny;
my last theft was $5 at a single time. Oh,
sir,” said he, “do you think God will for-
give me if I confess it to my father?’ It
is a mistake to step aside the least in a
life of sin and I call upon the boys to turn
squarely about. 1
I remember the man of whom they told
me his mania was that he could not for-
get. This man could not forget, nor do I
think we can forget. There is Cain with
the mark of murder. He cannot forget.
There is Pilate, with the memory of Jesus
before him and his hands red with His
blood. He cathot forget. Judas, with the
clinking of the thirty pieces of silver, he
cannot forget. Abraham, looking down
into the denths, savs, “Son, remember.”
‘When Richard Cour de Leon was a
prisoner the people could not tell where
he was. The cry went up, “Where is the
king?’ An old musician said, “I will find
him.” And so to every penal institution
he made his way and played the tune of
Richard Cour de JT.eon. After a while
there came a fluttering sign.that Richard
de Lzon heard. I wish I could awaken
the memories of your boyhood. I wish
every man here could remember his moth-
er and father, the old minister and the
music of the chime, “Delay not. Delay
not. sinner draw nigh.” They told me
that sometimes in the minds of the poor
people who are insane there will come a
streak of light, a little prophecy of hope.
T have an idea in every man’s soul there
has been such a ray of hope from heaven.
You can be a Christian if you will. God
help you to be a free man.
Love For God.
Prayer becomes a necessity when we
know what God’s love for us means. To
read the story, as the Bible tells it, of
the love which made the world and man,
and of the love which sent God to live and
die on earth for us; to go over the years of
living and see how goodness and mercy
have followed all the days; to pick out
the blessings till they grow into glowing
clouds always hovering over the human
experience—these show the divine love so
mightily that one cannot keep away from
the contemplation! And so the human
love grows until it reaches God, and bows
at His feet, and presses its littleness into
the very vastness of His nature, and draws
its breath from the very presence of Him
who 1s Himself love! Prayer—why we
cannot help loving then! The very life
is a prayer, a clinging, delighted gazing
into a Face which knows no turning, a
holding to the Hand which never loosens
its grasp, a speaking to a Father whose
one great desire is the child’s happiness.
Every act of ours, every need, every
pleasure, every pain is as much God’s as
ours, and we know it, and knowing it as
we go to Him as the child to its mother,
as the bird to its nest, as the withered
flower to the moisture which falls and
kisses its upturned hungry face. Granted
a God and all else follows. His love for
us, our love for Him, presupposes prayer
as a necessity.—Floyd Tompkins.
Prayer Kept Him From Falling.
A story illustrating the power of prayer
to keep from falling is related of a
Scotchman employed in a great steel fac-
tory, who after many years of drinking
gave up the habit.
It was prophesied by those who knew
him best that he would not hold out
through the hot weather, but contrary to
all prophecies he stood firm.
They asked him how he succeeded, and
he said it was because at the beginning of
every hour he asked the Lord to keep
him through the hour. At the end of the
hour he made a dot at the day of the
month on a calendar near him, and
prayed for help for the next hour. So the
Lord carried him through the day, and so
he expected the Lord to carry him through
his life.
Every Man’s Duty. 7
“Doing as well as we know how” is
better than not doing even as well as that.
But doing as well as we know how is not
enough, unless we know just what is
right, and then do that. God’s commands
are positive and exact. We are told to do
this, or not to do that. God never tells
us merely to do our best, or according to
our knowledge. It is our duty to know
what is right, and then to do it." Even
under human governments it is said that
it is every man’s duty to know the law.
And divine government has as high a
standard as has the human. We have a
responsibility for knowing, as preliminary
to doing. Do we realize that?—Angelus.
Perfection.
God endowed humanity with its infinite
capacity for improvement in order that
at last it may attain perfection. I do not
believe any human being can be perfectly
happy as long as we see men condemned
to suffer without a single moral thought,
without a perception of the noble meaning
of life.—The Rev. E. C. Worcester, Phila-
delphia.
The fellow who marries a deaf mute
should make her unspeakably happy.
is
EET
A Training Home for Women.
Up at Cape Breton a Mrs Horsfall
has establishel wha: sae calls a Cana-
d1an home and scnool for English gen-
tleworaea. The school oifers a thor-
>ugh training in English and French
15 a preparation, but its distinctive
business is the teaching of dressmak-
ing, needlework, every kind of house-
work, including cocking and fins lavn-
dry work, dairy work, poultry keeping,
bee tending and gardening. Later a
co-operative farm and home carried on
artirely by women is to be opened. Lhe
idea is that in England women have no
cpportunity to lsara those arts which
may make them: independent in the
f1eer atmosphere of this country, and
the Canadian woman yroposes to teach
her countrywomen hcew to do some-
thing to earn their living on their ar-
rival here.—New York Commerciai-Ad-
vertiser.
A Petticoat Kink.
Though not new the silk petiicoat
with a sher mull flounce is being uftil-
ized in a new way. It came in as
werely a pretty novelly, but with the
3ver increasing elaboration it has found
its true place.
Take one in pink taffeta, for in-
stonce. It kas a plaiting around the
foot. Over this is a very deep flounce
of white mull much adorned with fine
tucks and dainty laces.
This may be worn wiih many dresses,
but it is at its very Lest with a wkite
organdie over a delicate pink slip.
Then when the dress is held up the
petticoat is, to say the least, “in the
picture.”
It's this thought that makes any get-
up worth the wearing. Those who
think such painstaking beneath them
really waste most of the money they
put into dress. If one simply desires
to be decent and clean, why buy frivols
at all? '
The Uses of Cold Cream.
No matter how much tan the modern
athletic girl acquires during the
rmenths that she practically lives out
of doors, she appears at the first of
the winter's dances with her complex-
ion like a tinted rose petal.
This goes to show that, however, re-
gardless of appearances, she may seem,
she devotes time and patience to the
preservation of her complexion. Too
n:uch cannot be said against the cus-
tom of washing the face after a long
day on the water or a spin over the
country.
Pure cold cream zhould be applied
first and allowed to remain five or ten
minutes, thus giving it time to absorb
cleans the pores.
This is then carefully wiped off with
a soft cloth, and the face wusted light-
ly with a geod powder.
The face should not be washed be-
fore going out into the air or sunshine:
it is much better to rub in a trifle ox
celd cream and then give it a dash of
rowder.—New Yecrk Journal
One Way to Earn Pin Money.
A young woman of my acquaintance
makes her pin money marking linen.
She writes a fine hand and her dainty
chirography on pretty gift handker-
chiefs gives to them an additional
value. She does the work to suit her
own convenience, not being at the
“beck and call” of an employer. The
nicety of her work is well undersiood,
and so it comes about that much of
the household linen, napkins, towels,
handkerchiefs, bridal outfits in that
little city bear the print of her deli-
cate Louch. For weeks before the hol-
idays she is kept busy marking the
hundreds of articles to be given away.
For weeks after, her nimble fingers
are no less busily employed marking
the hundreds that have been received.
In the fall the wardrobes of the young
girls going off to college and seminary
must be marked, and so this young
woman with the deft fingers reaps
another harvest. She stiffens the cor-
ner of each handkerchief crosswise—a
space just large enough to take in the
name—with ccld starch and presses
with a very hot iron, thus making the
fabric like paper to write upon.—Good
Housekeeping.
Queen Alexandra.
Queen Alexandra has a deep rooted
taste for art, and discerns the great
part that art is called upon to play in
modern society. She not only encour-
ages artists, but also explains {o them
how much she relies on their talent
and their help in hours of depression,
how much she is awake to every new
manifestation of thought and labor.
Her hands are as skilful as her smile
to adorn a home and make every one
who crosses the threshold of her Lon-
don palace or summer abode feel at
ease. Music is one of her great de-
lights. She insists upon hearing all
the celebrated pianists and singers
who swarm in London during the sea-
son, and afterward, when she speaks
of the pleasure she has derived from
their skill and inspiration, one can
see to what an extent her attention is
awakened and her
bent on comparing the various dilet-
tanti and virtuosi, and bestowing
upon them such criticism and praise
as best suit them. But poetry ue
queen may be said to prefer to every-
thing else, and poets are to her a
source of perpetual study. Their sen-
sibilities and imaginative impulses
strike her whenever she is able to
give some of her time to reading and
reciting aloud, which she does in clear
harmonious tones, provided she be
quite hy herself—Contemporary Re-
view.
faculties keenly
As to Colors.
Fashion sometimes imposes what #8
{false to true principles of art in its
combinations of colors and its disre-
gard of graceful lines. The average
woman will be “in the fashion,” even
if she knows that it does not suit her
style. ‘“Siyle” is such a potent infiu-
erce that when it is secured, some af-
front to a fundamental principle of
taste is mitigated. Getting accustomed
to some unbeautiful fashion will soften
the aversion to it until one almost gets
to like it. Thus what was regarded
with rapture in one period as a gtum-
ning mode of costume, excites the
mirthfulness of a later one by its fan-
iasticality. But good taste about dress
never gets io the point of being insen-
sible, or resigned, to the exhibition of
Lad taste in it.
White is a very beautlful color for
gowns, and quite safe. It is nearly al-
ways becoming, and, as a rule, very
charming. There are numerous shades
of white, and the quality of it in dif-
ferent fabrics affords many effectively
contrasting nuances, while the trim-
ming may soften it with distinction.
A toilette in white may be the perfec-
tion of elegant simplicity, exquisite
refinement, and aristocratic charac-
ter. It is possible to impart to its
daintiness a sumptuous brilliancy by
the garniture till it is appropriate for
the most impressive function in point
of richness and splendor. For a cer-
tain coloring and type, scarcely any-
thing sets off better the grace and
beauty of the wearer.—Harper's Ba
zar.
On College Girls’ Thinking.
Current opinion has it that the col-
lege girl spends much time in think-
ing—in deciding what stand she shall
take upon various abstract and abs-
truse questions, when the time comes
for her to go out into the world. A
candid confession, and estimate from
an upper class student in one of the
large colleges for women gives a fair
statement of the real state of things.
“There are two declensions of the
theme college woman—that of the ac-
tual living girl and that of the exalted
being who exists, somewhat vaguely
defined, in the imagination of the out-
side world. One of the most common
delusions produced by the existence
in popular conception of this ideal col-
lege girl is the fallacy that thinking
constitutes one of her everyday hab-
its. People imagine that the college
girl exercises her brain as a man does
his horses: that she gives each partic-
ular faculty of her mind (speaking
unscientiffically), a daily constitution-
al.
“The college woman herself knows
that this is not true. She realizes
that she differs widely frcm the ideal
of herself held by the world at large,
and particularly is she conscious that
her brain processes are by no means
of the superior order generally ima-
gined. The college girl—speaking
with all deference to her power of ac-
quiring knowledge—does not know
how to think. Learning, laying up a
srore of facts, is not thinking.
“Perhaps it is the very multiplicity
of her interests that crowds out of
her life the power of original thought.
In the hurry of college work, the
ceaseless round of recitations, lectures
and laboratory hours, who can stop to
think? A girl may have perfect com-
mand of her subject in so far as it re-
lates to the material that she gains
from outside sources, but of wedding
these scattered facts into a unified
whole through the power of her per-
sonal thought she knows Iiitle or
nothing. She broadens her mental
life, but does she deepen it? A cross
section of the mind of some old Puri-
tan digputant would be an extremely
interesting study for the average col-
lege girl. She does not know how to
think, even when at rare intervals she
finds the time. Into the realm of orig-
jnal thinking she gazes as into some
fair but forbidden land of promise,
and how, in the continual whirl of her
colleze life, shall site learn the way
ihither? Thinking is a fine art—it
requires time and concentration, but
the obtaining of this power is worth
all a girl's college course, and the lack
of it is a loss she can never retrieve.
—New York Tribune.
Under sleeves continue to flourish.
Every costume has some sort of a
sash.
Breast pockets
outing suits.
Heavily shirred dresses are not for
stout women.
Plaid bands cut bias are effective
on plain materiais.
Broad chantilly applique in cream
distinguish many
_adoris a lovely pink applique.
I nce-edged fichus are a very pretty
tcuch. Chantilly is a good choice.
Buttons with locps catch Van Dykes
together over a contrasting under fab-
ic.
Hats of heavy lace are stunning nn-
ishes to lace dresses or rigs trimmed
with lace.
A flat collar and narrow turnback
cuffs of black broadcloth are effective
on outing jackets of cream-colored
serge.
Silver tissue is the best possible
background for beautiful lace, with a
layer of tulle between, often edged
witn shaded chiron.
The tassel is much in evidence and
dangles from scarf, sash, belt and
coat. The tassels made of the same
materials as the dress of taffeta, or
foulard, or chiffon, have lately yielded
place to those of passementerie and
silken fringe.
\
THE FIRST TYPEWRITER.
Rapid Rise in Favor of this Time-saving
Machine.
To show how comparatively new a
convenience is the typewriter, in
spite of its now almost universal use,
the first person to do practical work
with such a machine has been taking
the curent census as chief statistician
for manufacturers, S. N. D. North, who
was an editor in Utica, N. Y., in 1872,
says: “I have often wished that I
had kept that original machine, for
it would have illustrated better than
any other mechanism with which I
am familiar, the marvellous rapidity
with which American ingenuity ad-
vances to the point of perfection any
labor-saving instrument, the under-
lying principle of whicn has been
worked out. This machine was heavy
and cumbersome in comparison with
the delicate mechanism to today, but
the principle of construction was es-
sentially the same, except that the
carriage, instead of being restored
to position by the hand at the end of
each line as now, was brought back
by means of a foot pedal, and it came
with a jar that made the machine
tremble in every part. My machine
did neither uniform nor elegant work,
but after a week or two I was enabled
to accomplish all my editorial work
on it, and I began to realize what an
unspeakable boon to all weak-eyed
persons lay here in embryo.”
The first American typewriter pat-
ent was issued in 1829 to William Aus-
tin Burt of Detroit, Mich., who was
also the inventor of the solar compass.
He called his writing machine a “typo-
grapher.” Like several which [ol-
lowed it, this form was too slow for
practical results. About 1847 A. Ely
Beach of New York patented all the
essential features of the modern type-
writer. Three Milwaukee men—C.
Latham Sholes, Samuel W. Soule and
Carlos Glidden—did much to make
typewriting practicable. They worked
out the machine which furnishes the
basis for the most generally used com-
mercial product of today,
At first the typewriter was received
by the public with suspicion. It
seemed subversive of existing condi-
tions. A court gave the first public
recognition to the merits of the ma-
chine, because a court reporter found
it convenient for making duplicate
minutes of the proceedings. These
came under the attention of the
judges, and it was not long before
they expressed a preference for type-
written papers. The lawyers next
found the use of typewriters a great
help in the business of their offices,
and the large commercial concerns,
always ready to adopt time-saving de-
vices when assured that they are such,
began to use machines in their corre-
spondence. The letters sent out by
them. resulted in a wide advertise-
ment of the typewriter, which sooon
then came into general vse. It was
not until 1897 that diplomatic com-
munications generally could be written
with a machine, though the American
department of state set the example
of using the typewriter as early as
1895. Even now all highly ceremoni-
ous letters and addresses have to be
done by hand with pen and ink.
New York ranks first and Chicago
second in the number of typewriter
manufacturing establishments. In
the whole country this industry now
turns out a product valued at more
than $6,000,000 a year, and gives em-
ployment to 5000 people.—New York
Evening Post.
Human Head on the Roof.
August Hofmann, aged 38 years, a
bartender for M. R. Schorr at Juniata
and Manhattan streets, Allegheny,
slept in a very perilous place last
night. He was found sound asleep on
the roof the building, which is a frame
of five stories, and his head was hang-
ing over the edge of the roof. It was
a startling sight which his rescuers
saw when they looked up and saw his
face over the edge. Hofmann was
thought to have gone up there in his
sleep, but when he was awakened he
declared that he had often slept on the
roof of the building in Toledo in which
he worked previous to coming to Al-
legheny. Proof of his trying his old
habits last night was the pillow he
had taken with him on his aerial
climb. Mrs. Schorr went up to the
man’s room when she found that the
bar was not opened at its accustomed
hour this morning, and, knocking
failed to bring any response. Some
neighbors were called in and the room
was entered. Hofmann’s clothes were
there all right, but he was not.» It oc-
curred to Harry Thomson, one of the
party, to look out of the window, al-
though the sash was down. He aston-
ished everybody by declarihg that Hof-
mann was hanging over the roof. Mrs.
Schorr at first said she would dis-
charge him, but when he said that his
last employer in Toledo had allowed
him to sleep on the roof, she reconsid-
ered.—Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegrapi.
Knew His Letters.
George Stickney, who lives in Lan-
caster, N. H., is well known in Lewis-
ton. He has a boy who is coming
along like a three-year-old trotter
under training. Mr. Stickney asked
the Superintendent of Schools when it
would be advisable to send the boy to
school. The superintendent said that
the fall term would be a good time,
but advised Mr. Stickney to teach the
lad that two and two make four and
how the letters of the alphabet run
before he let him out.
A short time afterward the super-
intendent met the boy and asked him
if he knew his letters.
‘Sure,” said the boy.
“Well, sir, what is the first letter?”
“A,” was the answer.
“Correct,” said the superintendent,
“Now, what comes after A?”
“All the rest of the push,” said the
boy.—Lewiston Evening Journal.