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SE RENEFITe
Fruit Trimmed Hats.
-Cherries in their natural hues are
preparing to put in ‘a perennial ap-
pearance, and to oust for the nonce
the plagiarisms in black and white so
extravagantly affected during the ear-
lier months. It is whispered, more-
over, that this*fancy in fruit is likely
tobe followed shortly by prunelies
mignonnes ‘of a delicate mauve tone,
together with equally small fruits,
while grapes would seem to be always
with us as a milinery adjunct. In fact,
frankly viewing the prospect, the fruit
kingdom is prepared to say a-large
word in this particular millinéry mat-
ter.—Chicago Tribune.
A Differencs.
Some fashionable fads stand for dis-
tinction without a difference. This is
not the case, however, with the lace
yoke which is either strapped or gar-
mished with lace.
If only more women would under-
stand these little things!
‘We have seen a lace yoke in a tail-
ormade broadcloth costume, which
even particular women might have
worn on the promenade. It was strap-
ped with the cloth and was eminently
fit and trig, with no trace of foolish
fussiness.
On the other hand, we have seen
plenty of lace yokes—either over satin
or the bare skin, which were never in-
tended for anything save house wear.
Applique edges, little frills or cther
fripperies do not enter into the con-
struction of the lace-yoked dress when
said dress belongs to the street class.
—Philadelphia Record.
Chinese Proverbs on Women.
Respect always a silent woman;
great is the wisdom of the woman
that holdeth her tongue.
A vain woman is to be feared, for
she will sacrifice all for her pride.
A haughty woman stumbles, for she
cannot see what may be in her way.
Trust not the woman that thinketh
more of herself than another; mercy
will not dwell in her heart.
The gods honor her who thinketh
long before opening her lips.
A woman that respects herself is
. more beautiful than a single star;
more beautiful than many stars at
might. 3
Give heed to her to whom children
have come; she walks in the sacred
ways and lacks not love.
A mother not spoken well of by her
children is an enemy of the state;
she should not live within the king-
dom’s wall.
A woman ‘without children has not
yet the most precious of her jewels.
Give heed to the voice of an old
woman; sorrow has given her wisdom.
A woman that is not loved is a kite
from which the string has been taken;
she driveth the wind and cometh to
a long fall.—Philadelphia Times.
: The Collecting of Old Silver.
As interest in old silver has quick-
ened in this country, many cof these
spurious pieces and much counterfeit
Sheffield plate have been sent to be
sold as genuine. The ordinary col-
lector who confines himself to colon-
fal or American silver, whieh in pur-
ity of design and quality of work-
manship is unrivaled, need not fear
the counterfeiter. The old designs are
reproduced continually; one firm of
silversmiths is manufacturing today
pitchers from a pattern that has been
standard in this country for more than
a century, but I know of no attempt
on the part of dealers to manufacture
bogus American silver.
The ideal collection of old silver,
of course, is the one that has come
down as an ancestral legacy with
many family traditions clustered
around it, but the practice of divid-
ing the family silver among the chil-
dren has prevailed to such an extent
in this country that there are few
possessors of enough ancestral silver
today to equip a tea table. There are
few households, however, that do not
boast of some pieces of ancestral sil-
ver, though they may be only a few
well-worn spoons that belonged to a
great-grandmother in the days when
silver spoons were a luxury. The in-
terest in collecting antique silver is
now so genuine that such gifts at sev-
eral of the recent fashionable wed-
dings in New York have outnumbered
all others.—George Barry Mallon, in
Good Housekeeping.
Women Laundry Menders.
The competition between the Chi-
nese, steam, and hand laundries has
grown so strong that enterprising
members of the trade devise all sorts
of new modes of attracting custom.
One of the latest is the employment
of a linen and clothes-mender, who re-
pairs and puts in good order all articles
sent in to be washed. She gets a fair
salary from the laundry, or else is
paid by the piece. A few laundries
charge the customer for this work, but
most of them do it without extra pay.
fThe mender must be skilfull in darn-
ing, knitting, crecheting, and needle-
craft. She repairs hosiery, the lace
upon woman's wear, the buttonholes
of men’s shirts, collars and cuffs, and
rents and tears in garments and house-
hold linen.
She also sews on buttons, prepares
tying-strings, patches apparel and in-
serts new cuff collarbands upon
shirts and shirt-waicsts. One of these
menders, in speaking of her work,
said:
ou
“lI was formerly a dressmaker and
had a fair business. I worked very
hard, and for several years did well,
but of late there has been a change
for the worse, it seems to me, in the
business, on account of the great
number of poor foreigners who have
taken up needlework as a calling.
Prices have declined from $3 and $2 to
$1 a day and less, and in the past 10
months girls and women have ap-
peared who sew all day for 50 cents
and their needles. So I gave up my
‘business and took up laundry mending.
I am a rapid seamstress and work by
the piece; I labor about eight hours
a day, and make a very fair income
from my needle. The work is much
easier than might be supposed. If the
clothing is examined when it goes to
the laundry and the repairs are made
in time, much trouble and work will
be spared the mender. In this field,
the old adage of one stitch saving
nine applies with great force. A great
deal of my sewing is applied to but-
tonholes. They appear to need more
attention than any other pant of the
garments, masculine or feminine. I
use both the needle and the machine,
and keep, in addition, several cards of
buttons, ranging from the little pearl
affairs whieh old-fashioned men still
wear upon their shirts, up to the large,
flat horn and bone buttons used upon
the aprons and shirtwaists.—New
York Post.
What Not to Buy. :
To know what not to buy is the first
thing a woman must learn if she
would be a good shopper. Most ev-
ery woman knows what to buy, and if
she has plenty of money and can buy
every thing she wants she is fortunate.
To the woman with the limited in-
come it is most essential to knew
what not to buy, and if she does not
know she should learn at once.
The first thing before starting on a
shopping expedition it to know just
exactly what you want and make
notes, for in going from one store to
another and looking about one is like-
ly to forget. If she can afford to have
one good gown it should by all means
be black. Crepe de chine,’say, at about
a dollar a yard, would be the most
desirable material; for this, as it
wears well, can be worn on all occa-
sions.
It should be made up all in black,
with lace trimming, so that at any
time, with a touch here and there of
ribbon or a sailor collar of cream lace,
the gown will look entirely different.
The weman who can sew is more for-:
tunate than her sister who cannot,
for she can make her own gown, and
with the money she would be obliged
to pay the dressmaker can buy her-
self another gown, say of white dotted
swiss, and make it up daintily, trim-
ming it with black insertion.
Four shirtwaists should figure in
her season’s outfit, and if by making
them herself she can increase the num-
ber to six, all the better. The lighter
fabrics trimmed with laces or embroid-
eries are the most comfortable shirt
waists, although the mannish effect
looks very smart.
A woman must have at least two
hats, one for ordinary wear and one
for dress occasions.
A black lace hat trimmed with
black silk and velvet flowers and two
or three buckles will answer for dress
occasions, and for shintwaist wear
almost any color straw, trimmed with
ribbon and quills, may be worn. And
to change the appearance of the hat a
chiffon veil can be draped on it.
In buying a chiffon veil it is always
better to buy the best, for the cheaper
qualities are very perishable. TUnder-
wear can be had for a dollar a gar-
ment and even less, and if one pre-
fers a silk undervest there are those
of silk and lisle at 35 cents each.
In buying gloves it is always well to
select some standard make, as they
are cheaper in the long run. There
are good standard gloves at $1.50 a
pair.—New York Journal.
Pink and blue shot silks are hav-
ing their nnings and are extremely
pepular. :
Red and white silk braid in a
showy plaid pattern trims the bodice
of new morning frocks of linen.
‘Woolen lace of white, cream or a
color to match the dress fabric is
used to trim light wool dresses.
An odd bat of fancy silk tuscan
braid has for trimming a cluster of
cherries above which hover small
biack bjrds.
Chain bracelets have pearl, topaz or
amethyst settings between the links, in
direct imitation of the now long pop-
ular neck chain.
Large white felt outing hats are
trimmed with a crush band of black
velvet, a loop and end of the same fall-
ing over the brim at the back.
For the woman who feels she must
wear a green veil there is a chiffon
veil of dull leaf green that is far bet-
ter than the more common emerald
green cloud.
Black stitches and French knots are
very effectively disposed of on gowns
of white linen batiste, which, by the
way, has quite superseded dimity,
pique and gingham.
An odd parasol of deep blue silk is
decorated with bias bands of white
silk extending from the stick in
gtraight lines across the blue until
they meet a deep hemstitched border
of the white, the effect being showy
and unusual.
The human voice has been heard
in the open air at a distance of 15,480
feet.
DR. CHAPMAN'S SERMON
A SUNDAY DISCOURSE BY THE NOTED
. PASTOR-EVANGELIST.
Bubject: The Song of the Lord-If Our
Hearts Will But Sing Right Christ
‘Will Help Us to Counteract Our Bias
to Sin.
NEw York Crty.—The Rev. Dr. J. Wil-
bur Chapman’s sermons continue to excite
the profoundest interest and to give the
greatest satisfaction to that large number
of American people who demand a strik-
ing discourse for weekly reading. The
popular pastor-evangelist has prepared the
following sermon for the press. It is en-
titled “The Song of the Lord,” and is
preached from the text, “The song of the
ord began also.” II. Chronicles 29: 27.
The difference between the 28th and the
29th chapters of II. Chronicles presents to
us an illustration of that difference which
we frequently see in the church as she
passes from times of enthusiasm to days
of depression and back again, and for
which there seems to be no human expla-
nation. So also is it the picture of many
families where the godly father has an un-
godly son and an ungodly father a godly
son, which iseentirely contrary to the rules
which in our own house we have deter-
mined should abound. So also is it a pic-
ture of many individuals who after weeks
and months and even years are found reg-
ularly in the house of God the most devout
of worshipers, and then suddenly stop un-
able almost ‘to explain to themselves how
they have lost interest and why their zeal
is quenched. The wicked reign of Ahaz
and the reign of his righteous son Heze-
kiah thus furnish us with practical illus-
tration.
1.
Ahaz was the eleventh king of Judah,
the son of Jotham. His example was holy
and his reign was peaceful and prosper-
ous. Not so of his son. He was a gross
idolator, actually sacrificed his children to
the gods, remodeled the temple that it
might be fit for idolatrous uses and owned
chariot horses that were dedicated to the
son. Upon all of this the judgment of God
falls, but because of it the condition of the
eople is something dreadful. He is an il-
ustration of the power of sin. First, in its
infatuation. We find him robbing the
palace and plundering the temple, places
which ‘had always been sacred both to the
king and to the people, but which he pre-
sents as dishonored in the 21st verse of
the "28th chapter, to the king of Assyria,
but somehow sin seems always to present
the same sort of an infatuation to those
who walk for any length of time in its way.
Second, in its degradation. There could
be no worse sin than that described in
verses 24 and 25 of the 28th chapter, where
Ahaz gathered together the vessels of the
house of God, shut up the doors of the
house, and in all the cities of Judah made
high places to burn incense to other gods.
A picture very much like it is found in
the 5th chapter of Daniel the 3d and 5th
verses, where the temple vessels are taken
by the king and used in midnight revelry,
when suddenly the fingers of a man’s hand
are seen writing on the wall, “Thou art
weighed in the balance and found want-
ing.” However, it is true that any man
who uses his powers of body or of mind to
= is as defiantly sinful as was Ahaz the
ing.
Third, in his death he is a picture of the
end of sin. He died when only thirty-six
years of age an untimely death, and he
sleeps in a dishonored grave, for they
would not bury him in the tombs of the
kings, a perfect illustration of the text,
“Sin when it is finished brings forth
death.” In the city of Paris in burning
letters of fire a certain place of dangerous
sin greeted the passer-by with these words,
all of them written in fire, “Nothing to
pay,” but he who enters in through the
door will find that the wages of sin is
death. This has always been true. -Heze-
kiah, the son of Ahaz, began to ‘reign
when he was twenty-five years old. In
his parental heritage he had everything
against him, but his mother’s name was
yy and she was the daughter of
Zechariah, a man who had understanding
in the views of God. This is undoubedly
the secret of Hezekiah’s goodness. Boys
frequently go right when their fathers are
wrong, but when the mother is wrong very
rarely do they walk in the paths of recti-
tude.
For sixteen years there had been no song
in the temple. This was a great loss, be-
cause the people had always been accus-
tomed lo sing from the time at creation
when the morning stars sang together and
all the sons of God shouted for joy to the
marching through the Red Sea where the
sons of Israel were led by Miriam in the
singing, and the birth of the Saviour where
the angels were the choir, the last supper
where the Lord Himself was one of the
singers, up to the new heaven and the new
earth where they sing the new song the
world has had much to do with music. The
temple service when men lived in right re-
lations with God and the house was clean
was beautiful. Some Psalms were written
in the temple in letters of gold, and the
people chanted them to the accompani-
ment of the consecrated instruments, the
antiphonal choirs answered each other, as
for example, in the 24th Psalm, one choir
would say, “Lift up your heads, O ye
gates, even lift them up, ye everlasting
doors, and the King of glory shall come
in,” and the other choir would respond,
“Who is this King of glory?” only to have
the other singers reply, “The Lord of
Hosts, He is the King of glory.” But for
sixteen years there had been no song.
First, why was this? The best expla‘
nation is given in the 28th chapter of 11.
Chronicles, the 24th and 25th verses.
“And Ahaz gathered together the vessels
of the house of God, and cut in pieces the
vessels of the house of God, and shut up
the doors of the house of the Lord, and
he made him altars in every corner of
Jerusalem. And in every several city of
Judah he made high places to burr in-
cense unto other gods and provoked to an-
ger the Lord God of his fathers.” There
is many a life to-day without a song, and
to all such I give my message. The reason
for this is found in the fact of sin. We sin
in our outward acts, but God can keep us
from that if we will let Him and give us
the song once more. We sin in our de-
sires, but He can remove these desires if
we will but permit Him to do so, and our
affections may be set on things above. We
sin in our motives, but if we are His there
is a new pivot to our life, and the motives
which were most impure may become pure,
indeed. We have also a bias to sin which
comes to us with our birth, but He can
counteract it if we will give Him the right
to do so. If one could throw a stone up
high enough it would come to the place
of equipoise, where the law of gravitation
would be overcome by the high law which
pulls upward, and so if we did but yield
ourselves to Christ as we ought we would
come to the place where He would over-
power the weakness of our nature, and
what we doubtless need is a song to-day.
It may be the old song we used to sing. It
is natural to everybody to sing, the plow-
boy as he follows his plow, the shepherd
as he keeps his flock in the mountains, the
sailor on the sea and the traveler on the
plain, they all sing. At a critical moment
in the battle of Waterloo when the soldiers
were wavering Wellington found out it was
because the band had stopped. He ordered
the musicians to play again, and the effect
was marvelous. If there would only be a
song in our souls to-day and in the church
there would be power. A mother saw her
child standing upon the edge of a preci-
pice. She knew if she shouted she might
startle the child so that he would fall, so
she attracted his attention by a familiar
song she sang. There are men and women
standing on the very brink of perdition to-
day without hope, but if the church were
. of the condition of things; it is my great
‘God pity the man whose life is unclean,
whose hearts have already been yielded to
but singing her song as she ought the lost |
could be saved, and if one had a song oth-
ers would join with it. On the battlefield
of Shiloh fainting and suffering a Christian
soldier began to sing, “When I can read
my title clear.” In a few moments an-
other soldier with weak voice joined in
and then another until a score of voices
were taking up the song. Oh, if we could
but set on fire one church for God the
whole city might soon be under the touch
of His mighty life.
Second, what did Hezekiah do? We
have only to read the story to find out.
. He opened the doors, as indicated
in the third verse.
(2). The priests were santified, the 15th
verse.
(3). They went into the inner part of
the house and made it clean, the 16th
verse.
(4). They sanctified the entire house,
the 17th verse.
(5). They restored the vessels which
had once been used in the temple.
(8). “And Hezekiah commanded to of-
fer the burnt offering upon the altar. And
when the burnt offering began the song of
the Lord began again, also with the trum-
pets and with the instruments ordained by
David, king of Israel. And all the congre-
gation worshiped, and the singers sang
and the $rumpeters sounded, and all this
continued until the burnt offering was
finished.”
Third, all this is typical.. We have no
song in the church to-day as once we had.
I do not wish to be pessimistic in my view
desire to inspire the church with a new
hope and a conception or better things,
but no one is so blind to-day but what he
can see that the church is without the old
song she used to have, and beyond all ques-
tion it is because the temple must needs
be cleansed. Why should not the work be-
gin now? 3
(1). Tt ought to begin with the priests
themselves as in the Old Testament story.
Christian Evans tells of the time when
one day riding through a wood he dis:
mounted from his horse, hitched it to the
tree and made his way into the darkening
shadows and stayed upon his face before
God for hours waiting for his special blegs-
ing or his special work, and when he re-
turned to his horse and mounted it and
the next day began his preaching service a
revival was started which swept the whole
country. Maze spent‘a day and a night in
a New York hotel asking for God’s special
blessing because he needed it, and at last
must needs rise and say, “Oh, Lord, stay
Thine hand I can hold no more.” Murray
McCheynne was so filled with God that as
he laid his hands upon a boy’s head and
said, “I am very ‘much concerned about
your soul,” the boy remenfbered it and
when he forgot McCheynne’s sermons he
felt the touch of his loving hand upon his
head, and it pushed him into the kingdom.
(2). ‘And the inner part of the house
needs also to be cleansed. There is in
every church a circle into which God has
seemed to call certain persons. To these I
now direct my message, to the officers of
the church of whatever name, to the Sun-
day-school teachers and to those who have
become gpiritually minded is the searching
questiony “Is thine heart right in the sight
of God?” In the 52d chapter of Isaiah
and the 11th verse the prophet says, “Be
ye clean that bear the vessels of the Lord.”
while his office is one the angels might
covet to fill. "The searching power of God’s
word ought to touch the Sunday-school
teacher, One of Mr. Moody's teachers in
Chicago was dying of consumption. He
must leave his Western home and return
to the home of his boyhood in the East,
but before he would leave, entering a car-
riage he drove to every home and besought
the members of his class to yield to God,
and said Mr. Moody, “When the time
came for him to leave Chicago his whole
class, every one of them saved, gathered
at the platform of the station to wave him
a farewell, and they all sang, ‘Blest be the
tie that binds our hearts in Christian
love.” In Galatians, the 6th chapter and
the Ist verse, it is commanded, “Ye which
are spiritual restore the wanderers in the
spirit of meekness,” and alas, it is true that
men have wandered in multitudes from the
church, and we have done nothing to re-
strain them, let the work of cleansing go
on.
(3). The church as a whole ought to be
set right with God. In Zechariah, the 3d
chapter and the first seven verses, we have
the picture of Joshua, the high priest,
standing before the angel of the Lord.
He was clothed with filthy garments, and
the word of the Lord came saying, ‘Put off
the filthy garments and I will clothe thee
with a change of raiment.” These filthy
garments upon the high priest are like the
habits which cling to some of us. They
have sapped our spiritual life, and we are
powerless in the presence of the world.
‘We ought to put them off and then put on
Christ, so that living among men we
might win them to Him by the very way
we live. This will not be easy, for the pic-
ture of Joshua is with Satan resisting
him. I doubt not he is resisting us now
in the presence of God, doubtless calling
attention to the way we have sung our
hymns this morning and uttered our pray-
ers, but this picture in Zechariah also
tells us that Joshua, the high priest, had
a fair mitre set upon his Ee and the
bands showed that service was hard. That
fair mitre is like the descent of the Holy
(Ghost, for which there is a great need to-
day. Then Hezekiah saw that the vessels
of the temple were restored. The church
has had certain vessels committed to her,
as, for example, the Bible. We have
picked it to» piedes until the faith of some
has been shaken. “Will you pray for a
theological student?” said a woman to me
this week, who used to be one of the most
consistent Christians I ever knew and one
of the most zealous. “He doubts much of
the Scripture, and as a consequence his
life is not only indifferent but inconsist-
ent.” The time has come when the Bible
ought to be put in the church in the place
it once occupied.
Preaching is another vessel entrusted to
the church. As a matter of fact, do you
believe that men would know they were
lost from much of the preaching they hear
to-day. The time has come for the old-
the spirit of the church fathers to pre-
vai
Prayer is still another vessel. Prayer is
aot a performance with which men may be
either pleased or displeased. Prayer is
talking to God. Will our prayers stand
this test?
Music is still another vessel, and that
church is to be pitied, if not despised,
where the music is not in every way to the
praise of God, rendered by men and women
(lod, but it was when the burnt offering
was presented that the song began and
there was this peculiar about the burnt
offering, it was all yielded and it was all
consumed, an illustration of the fact that
when we are entirely surrendered to God,
when He rules in the ministry and controls
in everything in the church, when there is
no thought but for His glory and no com-
petition but for His approval, then will the
song of the Lord begin once again. If you
will reall the 30th chapter of II. Chronicles
vou will have the story of a great revival,
where people from Dan to Beersheba came
to Jerusalem to spend seven days, and then
tarried seven days longer, or if you will
read the 31st chapter of IL. Chronicles you
will have the picture of the priests of God
going up and Gown the land overthrowgng
the idolatrous places of worship and set-
ting up the altars once more. This is the
secret of purifying our cities and purifying
our land. Let the song of the Lord begin
once again. There is no more fitting close
to Hezekiah’s life than the 21st verse of
the 31st chapter of II. Chronicles. “And
with every work that he began in the serv-
ice of the house of God, and in the law,
and in the commandments, to seek his
God, he did it with all his heart, and
prospered.”
TO TRAIN HUNTING DOGS
ILL-TREATMENT AND THE BAD RE-
SULTS WHICH FOLLOW.
There Are Times When the Whip Should
Be Used as a Corrective; Punishment
Often JInflicted Without Reason Does
Irreparabte Harm—~Shyness Due to Fear
Fear in al] its forms, bird shyness
(commonly called blinking), whip
shyness, man shyness, gun shyness, or
a shyness in taking the initiative in
anything is the common result of
harshly repressive and tyrannical
methods. Accordingly as the fear is
associated with a particular object, so
one kind of shyness may be
exhibited, but fear may be
associated with several objects if
there is a cause for it from the dog’s
point of view; and badly treated dogs
may show all the different forms, with
a general apprehensiveness that some-
thing dreadful is likely to happen at
any moment. Sometimes a form of
shyness may result from the mistake
of a moment, but generally it is the re-
sult of systematic harshness.
Whatever the cause, shyness of any
kind is more or less a serious check
on the dog’s training, and if it is of
the kind known as blinking it may go
far toward rendering him him worth-
less. ;
The trainer who succeeds best must
have a genuine liking for dogs, else he
is predisposed to habitual harshness or
indifference. Those who have no fond-
ness for them are rarely much of a
success as skilfull educators, and gen-
erally the dog which is so unfortunate
as to be under their schooling has met
his misfortunes of life at its very out-
set.
While a dog may misbehave and
therefore need punishment as a pre-
ventive, it must ever be considered
that there are degrees of it, times for
it, and a manner of applying it which
renders it most effective. One trainer
may whip a dog severely without
thereby losing his confidence or abat-
ing his ardor, another one may give
a less punishment and still evoke shy-
ness. The one had the dog’s confi-
dence and affection; the other had but
a small part of them.
A dog over-trained is of much less
value as a worker than one that is
but partially trained but whose nat-
ural capabilities are unimpaired. In
this connection it may be usefully re-
marked that practically the properly
trained dog works without orders at
all. Man and dog seek with concert-
ed action or supplement each other’s
efforts, working together for mutual
success as a team. The dog, allowed
to work in his own manner, but re-
stricted more and more to apply his
work in the service of the gun as his
training progresses, in time learns
that great success results from the
joint efforts of his master and himself;
and he then performs his part with
intelligence and a practical manipu-
lation of means to ends, far beyond.
any knowledge which could be con-
veyed to him by his teacher.
A knowledge of the evils of over-
training is essential in the develop-
ment and training of field dogs, but
it is still ‘more essential in respect to
field trial dogs. However satisfactory
to his owner an over-trained dog may
be in field work, he will not be con-
sidered as even making a good show-
ing when in competition with properly
trained dogs, which are performing
under the critical eye of the judge.
Training a dog to loud orders is a
bad, course method of teaching obedi-
ence. It is indicative of bad temper
in the trainer, accomplishes nothing
which coiuild not be accomplished in a
quieter way, is distinctively offensive
to every one wthin hearing of the
hullabaloo, and gives alartning no-
tice to all the birds in the neighbor-
Lnod that a dangerous, bloodthirsty
wan has invaded thelr habitat. 1t
thus impairs success.
Oftentimes the amateur trainer takes
his gun and goes forth to kill birds,
taking a green puppy along and mak-
ing the educacion of the latter a mere
incident of his sport. Such is not at
all training in a proper sense. It is
commencing at a point which should
be at a much later stage in the dog's
education.
After the training has once been be-
gun, regularity in the lessons is of
prime importance. For instance, it
will be conceded at once tnat it is
much better to give a dog
a half-hour lesson on each
of ten days than it is to give
him a lesson of five hours’ duration
on one day. While a dog has very
gocd powers of memory, he soon for-
gets his first lessons if it is not re-
freshed by daily repetition in respect
to them. The trainer may have a
similar forgetfulness concerning his
ew first lessons, which should ads
monish him to be considerate.
‘While punishment «times is a ne-
cessity, its use as a whole is unnec-
essarily comprehensive. There is no
doubt but that it is inflicted in most
cases under a mistaken belief that it
is useful in forcing the dog to learn
what the trainer desires he should
learn and that it really accomplishes
the desired purpose. The idea, so ap-
plied, is a mistaken one. Punishment
never teaches a dog anything other
than in a negative manner; that is
to say, it simply deters him from do-
ing certain things. It does not in the
least add to the dog's sum total of
knowledge in a developmental manner.
For instance, if the dog is punished
for chasing a rabbit he learns that
the act has painful associations which
are likely to again recur if the act
is repeated, and expecting this he for-
bears chasing. The punishment does
not in the least teach him the reason
why he must not chase, nor, indeed,
anything about chasing other than
that the act results in pain to himself.
It s a deterrent, and he understands
nothing more concerning it.
On the |
other hand, if he had not the natural
impulse and inclination, no degree
of punishment would teach him how
to chase a rabbit or even to chase it at
all. From the dog's point of view,
there is no wrong in chasing a rabbit,
chicken or sheep, etc. They are his
natural prey; his delight in their pur-
suit is unbounded, he is following the
natural impulses of his nature; it is
his manner of obtaining the necessi-
ties of dog life; yet, if punished, he
yields to superior force and desists.
There is no part of a dog’s education
in which punishment is of any bene-
fit except as a corrective. The dog's
knowledge increases only from expe-
rience. The trainer cannot force his
own knowledge into the dog by vir-
tue of whip or spike collar. Even
when forcing a dog to retrieve with the
later instrument, its value is purely
negative. It does not teach the dog
anything about retrieving.
When a dog's fears are aroused,
or when he is made needlessly to feel
uncomfortable, worried and uneasy,
his progress as a pupil is slow. If the
lessons are made obnoxious .to him,
the trainer has succeeded in making
them things to be avoided or quickly
ended, rather than ‘things which have
a pleasant purpose. With a violent
teacher the dog’s life is a sad one. His
knowledge is then acquired under the
most disheartening difficulties. Under
similar violent conditions the teacher
as a pupil would rise in rebellion and
implore the world to witness and right
his wrongs. Punishment is a bad
measure when used as a true aid to
education. . It is a part of education
when used to gratify anger. Until
the trainer can control his temper, if
he unfortunately: has one which is
fiery, and his efforts to the dog's ca-
pacity and progress, he will be inef-
ficient. And these corrections of him-
self, no one can do for him other than
himself. His own judgment and self-
control are his only reliance, since
they are personal and, therefore, en-
tirely outside of the scope of any sys-
tem presented by others.—B. Waters,
in Forest and Stream.
COST OF COOKED MEATS.
Reduction in Weight Due to Waste and
Hent.
Hunger is one of the necessities that
knows no law. When the beef trust
assumes to thrust aside all middlemen
who stand between producer and con-
sumer—dictating the price of live
stock in the field, the cost of trans-
portation, the price at which meat shall
be sold at wholesale and retail, and
even the selection of butchers who may
or may not do business in all parts of
the country—appetite, like water, seeks,
to find the clhiannel of least re-
sistance. Now that fresh beef, mutton,
pork, poultry and eggs have been
pushed out of the reach of persons of
moderate means, the following sug-
gestions as to the costs of meat when
brought to the open door of the
stomach are not without public inter-
est:
In these times of high-priced meats
any information that is of value to the
consumer, from an economic stand-
point, should be widely disseminated.
The writer had some curiosity to
learn just what the actual meat we con-
sume—that is the amount we put in
cur mouths to satisfy the cravings of
hunger or appetite—costs us. We can
easily get the price from the butcher
of his cuts, but those same cuts,
roasted, fried or boiled, lose enor-
mously in weight in the cooking pro-
cesses, and when the different cuts are
carefully carved, and all that portion
that goes into one’s mouth is weighed,
and then figured back to the first cost,
the results are actually startling.
The investigator commenced by buy-
ing a rib roast for Sunday dinner. It
weighed ten pounds, and cost $2.25.
That roast was carefully carved, and
every ounce consumed in two days,
and the meat that was actually eaten
cost 51 cents per pound!
A leg of mutton came next, a good
big one, at 18 cents a pound, which
was considered a bargain. This was
boiled, and cost 42 cents for what act-
ual meat it furnished. Mutton chops at
22 cents jumped to 55 cents when
cooked. Sirloin steak at 25 cost 56. A
poor little piece of beef brisket at 10
cents a pound cost 25 cents when boiled
and in one’s stomach. Chicken reast-
ed cost 42 and when boiled 38 cents.
Not being partial to pork at this sea-
son, it’s merits in a fresh state were
not gone into; but experiments with
hams showed that at present prices
they are the cheapest food to the con-
sumer that is in the market. A
12-pound ham, costing 16 cents a
pound, when boiled furnished meat
at 26 cents. A ham purchased ready
boiled at 25 cents cost 38. Another 12-
pound ham, half of it boiled and half
broiled, cost 28 cents. Two slices of
ham from what the butcher termed a
“skinned back’ ham, at 25 cents, cost
48. No test was made with fish.
The result shows that hams (not
slices) are possibly the most economi-
cal article of food, in the line of meats,
while the present relative prices pre-
vail, and an ordinary sized ham,
ready for use boiled or for slicing, is
the best money saver for the good
housewife.—Philadelphia Record.
The Holland Primrose.
There is a plant in Holland known
| as the evening primrose, which grows
to a height of five or six feet, and
bears a profusion of large, yellow
flowers, so brilliant that they attract
immediate attention, even at a great
distance. But the chief peculiarity
about the plant is the fact that the
flowers, which open just before sun-
set, burst into bloom so suddenly that
they give one the impression of some
magical agency. A man w 3
this sudden blooming sa
as if some one had touche Iz
with a wand, and thus covered it
at once with a golden sheet.
all
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