£ PRORRESS AMO PATRIOTISH PERFORMANCES WE WILL CELEBRATE AT THE ty CHICAGO WORLD'S FAIR. OUR FIRST FOUR HUNDRED YEARS. : What America Has Achieved Since Columbus’ Time. —A Won- derful Era in the World's History. — Architectural Triumphs at Jackson Park. NCE a Thought came | from the great un- known and wandered i through the busy haunts of men. It was not a sublime thought, a holy oralovely thought. But it was a great thought, the human race. = At ) first it moved through court and market place bodiless and unseen, but people felt its in- fluence and wondered. At length a bold’ sea captain found favor with it, and it settled upon him, and he be- came its slave. He was a rover from in connection with the dedicatory ceremon- ies. The 400 years ween Columbus and the Columbian exposition have stupendous in their outcome of progress, de=pite woes and disasters, that itis fitting that the world's fair should be a stupendous exponent of this mighty and unexampled era. The participation of women in the ex sition promises to be one of the most inter- esting as well as novel features. commodious and imposing building design- ed by a young lady architect. and with an abundance of money, and with full recog- nition, indorsement and aid by the United States government and the exposition direc- tory, the women have an opportunity of showing, in most signal manner, the con- dition of their sex throughout the world, what are the achievements of women in the various branches of human endeavor, and what is her adaptability to different occupa- tions and lines of industrial and charitable work. Under the direction of the board's president—Mrs. Potter Palmer—the work of organization and of enlisting the interest n - so his childhood, half trader, half pirate, in the of women throughout the United States and With a“ basin; horticulture building, 10 figures; transportation building, 16 figures and 8 groups; admiaistration building, 36 figures and 20 groups; machinery hall, 15 figures (these are duplicated several times); agri tural building, 6 groups; manufactures building, 18 sculptural eagles 168 feet high and 21 feet across the wings. ere are two cattle groups in the colonade between the agriculture and machinery : Several of these figuresand groups de- deserve more description than can be given here, and those completed. as well as the designs for those yet in making, havere- ceived the highest praise. Among them are Sculptor Mead's large group on the agri- cultural building and his minor art groups; the groups representing Industry, Cony merce and Abundance; the statue of Frank- lin and the statue of the Republic. The Franklin, by Rohl-Simith, is 16 feet high, cost $3,000, and stands in the main entrance of the electricity building. The Republic, by Daniel C. French, is 60 feet high and stands on =a pedestal 40 feet high at the entrance to the Basin from Lake Michigan. The cost of the statue when conipleted will be $25 .000. Everywhere. on the buildings and in the statuary, crops out in glorious designs the intense Americanism of the whole vast pro- ject. ‘Patriotism,’ “Tradition,” “Liberty,” —these are a few of the jpany groups that adorn the’ structures and do or to ‘the makers. Besides this highly creditable ex- pression of loyalty to the republie, nearly every department of the great exposition will have its relics on view—old records, portraits, machines, models, inventions, etc.—each having ° historical interest or marking a stage of progress in its own line. Particuiarly numerous will be these histori- cal exhibits from the United States. Almost every state will contribute. In the practical sense nothing can be more interesting than the borticultural, ag- ricultural and fisheries’ displays. Mother Tarth and Father Neptune are the sources of human existence, and it is well that to the field and ocesn proper tribute should be paid at the great anniversary. beautiful island, cenuiglly located, artisti- cally laid out in beautiful walks, and the choicest part of the fair ground. Through this entire area has been placed a complete network of pipes tosupply all the water nec essaty to insure vigorous aud healthy growth of all trees, shrubs and plants. There will be displays of flowers in all parts of the grounds, but particularly around the horticultural building and on i Here will be the rose 50,000 rose bushes in it. rill b variety of flowering shrub or tree, with aquatic plants along the lagoon shores... There te a continuous procession of different flowers throughout the six months of the fair, special attention’ being devoted to each in its: season. The fair will open in May with a million tulips in bloom around the horticultural building, and will close in October with a | unthemum show. 8 building the fair will open with the greatest show of orchids ever seen. The horticul- tural building faces thie center of the wood- ed istand, which contains 16 acres. “=. ~ The agricultural building is in size 800 b: 500 feet. The bei ght of the ‘cornice is f.et and the dome 130. The floor area is 15 acres andsthere is an annex covering nearly four acres. There has been nsed in the main building 7,500,000 feet of - lumber and 2,000.- 000 pounds of structural iron; in the annex 2,000,000 feet of lumber. 3 This building is most richly ornamented, and is adorned with many groups of statu- ary of heroic size. ‘The main entrance is 64 feot wide, and is adorned with Corinthian pillars 50 feet high and 5 feet in diame: ter. The rotunda is 100 feet in diameter and is surmounted by a great glass dome. It is worthy of note in this connection that aeri- culture and its kindred interests of forestry, dairy and live stock has exhibition space under roof of 69 acres, the buildings costing $1,218,000. The agricultural building is con- nected with machinery hall by a colon nade. The fish and fisheries building has an ex- treme length of 1,100 feet, and its width is garden Ph srr il ia ; i sylv ors via Peonsy , Fen arin Direct © Wie ania Ines Gryundsy | 7 rr ~~ eS i A =" days when piracy was no crime; hardy, courageous, enterprising, persistent and avaricious, the type of mau that succeeds. ‘We ‘have this man’s name variously as Cristobal Colon, Christoforo Colombo, and, latinized, Christopher Columbus. {I'he thought filled his mind and told him that the werld was round, and that the magic island of Zipangu and the fabulously wealthy Indies could be reached by sailing west in ships, instead of riding ‘east on dromadaries. And Columbus believed it and thought there was money in the scheme. ; fo. on Aug. 3, 1492, with three ships fitted out by the impressible Queen Isabella of Castiie, he set sail from Palos harbor, touched at the Canaries Sept. 6, and on Oct. 12, after a voyage that was not lacking either in dangers or hardships, landed on Guanalfani one of the Bahama islands. Im- mediately on touching solid earth the bold navigator raised the cross of the true faith and the banner of their Spanish majesties of Castile and Aragon, offered up prayers for his safe voyage—and proceeded io claim everything in sight. ¢ : 1t is this landing that we who. live four centuries later inhabitants of the new world, ¢hat Columbus in all his life never knew, was a new world, are about to eelebrate in the dedicatory ceremonies of the world’s fair. Across the vast space of 400 busy years the sririt of discovery will clasp hands with t he spirit of progress, marking at ‘once the close and beginning of an epoch. These are in the French phrase, fin de siecle, ‘end of the age” days, ‘and in a sense they are, for the tremendous: Nine- teenth century is drawing to its finality and not long “hence will be historic rather than actual. Therefore it 1s fitting that the preparations and plans for the Chicago dis- play should include not only trophies of present achlieveuent, but also tangible ex- ibits of past endeavor. ; “And ha a magnificent perioditis to be commemorated by these preliminary page- ants at Jackson park! No other yolume of man’s record 80 teems with = ‘tales of ‘toil apd success! First the discover of the world: then the explotation; after that nquest and settlement; the creation of i finally the vindication of, the republic naw - the i ney =a thé prin - These ‘(. French, Rohl-Smith yy arti in foreign countries has progressed to a most satistactory stage. The lady managers are practically in charge of several of the congresses which the auxiliary will hold. The woman’s building is two stories high, with an elevation of 60 feet. The rotunda is 70x65 feet, reaching through the height of the building, and covered with a skylight. On the roof of the pavilions are open areas, which will be covered with oriental awning. One will serve as a cafe and the other as a tea garden. ; Naturally one associates the work of wo- man with the progress of art, and so it is quite appropriate to group the two, for art would be nothing without woman, and wo- man owes much of her idealization and emancipation to art. The fine arts building 1s an admirable type of refined classic architecture of Grecian-Tonic design. The main building, 500x320 feet, is entered by four great portals, richly ornamented with architectural sculp- ture.” Located in the northern part of the park, the south front faces the lagoon, while the immediate neighborhood of the build- ing is ornamented with groups of statues, replica ornaments of classicart, and other statues of heroic and life size proportions. Galleries 40 feet in width extend around the entire building, forming a continuous prom- enade. The top of the dome, 125 feet in height, is’surmounted by a colossal statue of the type of the famous figure of Winged Victory. The general color of the building is light gray stone, and although the struc- ture is temporary, it is fireproof. The frieze of the exterior walls and the pediments of the principal entrances are ornamented with sculptures and portraits in base-relief of the masters of ancient art. In the great palace of art the space ‘is as- signed to the nations as follows: The TUni- 1ed States, 34,636 square feet; France, 33,393; Germany. 20.400; Great Britain, 20,395; Italy, 12,410; Belgium, 12,318; Austria, 11,- 564; Holland, 9,337; Norway, 9,462; Den- mark, 3,900; Japan, 2,919; Canada, 2,895, Mexico, 1,500, . J Tn addition to the adornments special to each building there are scattered through the park and in the main halls 48 sculptural ‘groups and 103 distinct. figures, all of heroic size and the work of the Soulptoss Daniel ny Bitter, John bert Kraus, M. A. ideout, These figures Franklin Larado T: Boyle, A z n and Miss ‘Waagen ly hint at some of the lly suggest thomaslyes placed os follows: uilding; ‘Republic in the EE —————— Dimensions, 60 x 30 Reet, Area, One and Sin: Teaths Acre Cost 84 wy BA = Mpa y =a Cost, STB ecTRiCTY, me aE G.. CEtmd hot Acres. td Cost, $260.000. ETRE MINING * Area, nearly Six on] fy IT TT a - "MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL . Area, Forty-Four Acres. | of Ground. nearly 700 Acres. ee) 7) 4 Total AEE, {14 {TITY {The horticultural department of the ex- | position has received a great number of con- tributions toward its display. Chief Samuels is daily in receipt of information in regard to collections of rare plants which are being made, many of which are now on their way to Chicago. In the exhibition of the horticultural department Australia will make a fine showing. The commissioners from the New South Wales are preparing a fine exhibit of large plants. tree ferns. palms. ete., and the first installment ison its way to Chicago. An officer of the Sydney bo- tanic gardens accompanies the shipment to San Francisco. Should this consignment arrive in good order more will be forwarded at once. The first consignment of the col- lection of plants from Jamaica has already arrived in Chicago. Horticultural =~ hall is the largest and grandest ever erected for a horticultural ex- hibition. It contains about 89,000 square feet more of floor space than the combined floor areas of the buildings used for a similar purpose at the centennial, New Orleans and aris. Jt is 1,000 feet long by an extrenie width of 287 feet. The dome is 187 feet in diameter and has an altitude of 113 feet on the inside, thus giving room for the largest alms, bamboos, tree ferns, giant cacti, etc. he basso and alto relievo ornamentation, in a frieze extending along the front and sides of the building, is especially attractive, and in connection with statuary and foun- tains will have an unusual pleasing effect, aside from the plant decoration, which will harmonize with the general plan of the building. ; The plan is a central glass dome, con- nected by front and rear curtains with two end pavilions, forming two interior courts, each 88 by 270 feet. In these courts will be 1aced bearing orange trees and other semi- De toal fruits from California and Florida, to illustrate the manner of growing and cultivating the orchards and groves in those States. Near the horticulture building green- houses, aggregating 25,000 square feet, have been constructed, and will be used for recup- erating plants injured from any cause, and for the purpose of developing them to the highest degree of perfection before placing them on exhibition. The space assigned to the department for exhibits of trees, shrubs and plants which will be hardy in the ground during the time of the exposition embraces about acres, and includes the greater part of a Wi Tl Wo f “apm A “mm 200 feet. The building is sub-divided into three parts to conform to the shape of the site. In the central portion will be a gener. al fisheries exhibit. In one of the polygonal buildings will be the angling exhibit, and in the other the acquaria. The exterior of the building is Spanish Romanesque, and will contrast agreeably in appearance with the classic style of all the other builgings. Manufactures and liberal arts will te represented in the largest building in the world. It is interesting to read about. this stupendous structure. It is awe inspiring to gontemplate the vast expanse of its exteriur or stand within it and with the eye measure its gigantic proportions. By many this great building will be regarded as distinct- ive a feature of the fair of 1893 as was the Eiffel tower of the Paris exposition of 1889. From a mere statement of the dimensions of this monster structure one can get but a faint idea of its immense size. A few com- parisons’ will assist greatly. One has to. travel almost a mile in avalking about it: The building ocenpies a most conspicuous place in the grounds. It faces the lake, with only lawns and promenades between, North of itis the United Siates government build- ing,south the harbor entrance and the Casino and Music ball, and west the Electrical building and the lagoon separating it from the great island, which in part is wooded and in part resplendent with acres of bright flowers of various hues, The paiiding is rectangular in shape, being 1,687 feet long by 787 feet wide. : _ "Other facts and statistics of this leviathan of the exposition are numerous and inter- esting. rom the fact that it is the largest building in the world and the chief archi- tectural marvel of the greatest world's fair in history. one can scarcely tire in gang J at it or grow weary in reading about it. Its erection has involved achievements of con- - struction never tefore attained, The grounds embrace 633 acres, of which Jackson park has 553 and Midway plaisance has 80. Po son park is beautifully situat- ed in the southeastern portion of Chiacgo, about seven miles from the city hall or central business portion, and has a frontage | of a mile and a half on Lake Michigan. It may be reached from **‘down town’ by the Dilinois Central railway, by elevated road, by two lines of cable cars, and by steam- boats on Lake Michigan. During the ex- position all excursion trains from outside | points will run within the grounds, and visitors will not haye to make any change, great ehrys- | Inside the horticultural | dh THE DY oPENING 5 THE WORLD'S wits BUILDINGS OCT. 21. Chicago’s Cer-monials. A Great Crowd of Distinguished People Will Gather to View the Expo- ition Grounds. HE dedication exercises of the ‘World's lair will be held in the gréat hall of the manufacturers and liberal arts buildings at Chi: cago, and the imposing cere monies of national and official dedication will take place, It will be a memorable day, the proudest in the history of Chicago, 1t will be preceded by an introductory day : of street parades and followed by a day of festivities and rejoicing—three days of dis play, outdoing by far everything heretofore witnessed on this continent. The audience itself will be historic. ~The president and cabinet have been inviled, and many members of the supreme court and both houses of congress, governors, ora. . tors, generals and statesmen, distinguished foreigners of various ranks and eminent men and women of our oan land will be the central figures. In the audience will be people of almost every race on earth, es pecially from our own 3,500,000 square miles of tervitory. There will indeed be 2 union of states, hearts and hands, an ideal ly perfect representation of the greatest re: ublic, the greatest single nation the world 188 ever seen. Tha orators will be worthy of tha occa sion. Hon. Chauncey M. Depew to deliver the Columbian oration. ‘thé venerabie and eloquent William C. P. Breckinridge, of Kentucky, to give the de ticatory oration and trace the upholiing of the nation in which his own family has held so distin. guished a place for more than a century. oetry will lend its aid, music of the grand- est sort wili enliven the oceasion, and art in its highest development will add its ineffa. ble charm. : % This will be the great day of the three, as it is proper for the commemoration of an event by far the most important in the his tors of the last 18 centuries. -But the pre ing ‘and following dsys will be only second to it in importance and display. On Oct. 20 will occur the great civic procession, the principal organizations in the nation passing in review before the president and cabinet.~ At night Jackson park will be il Juminated as no ground in America ever has been. and the last day, Oct. 22, will be de voted to military reviews and the evening to grand social features. The exposition buildings are practically complite. The last of the iron work on the areat machinery hail was placed early in September, and the principal carpentry work is in finishing the two spires. The exterior covering is nearly all finished on the north front of the main building. = The annex is practically finished exteriorly and is being lathed. The final estimate of the dgemoor Bridge ¢ompany for the steel work on the manufacturers’ building shows that in the roof of the central hall there have been placed 12.9.5,778 pounds of steel, costing $529,159.77. = > : The example has stimulated the men in charge of the Stat= buildings, and every one will be completed in goo. time. The visitors present on the first day will look on a com- pleted exposition, When the electric cir cuit is closed, which shall start the pon- derous machinery going, it wilt be “far as possible a show complete and entire. The State buildings now enclosed and rooted, with the rough work done and interior fin- ishing progressing, are Illinois, Kansas, West Virgmia, Rhode Island, Maspachu- setts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Towa, Maine, Arkansas, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsyl- vania, Nebraska, Montana, Maryland and Delaware. - ; Seventy buildings are now in progress ot construction «n the exposition grounds, as follows: Main exposition buildings—Ad- ministration. agriculture and annex, dairy, electricity, fisheries, forestry, fine arts and annexes, horticulture, manufactures, mines, machinery, transportation and annex, wo- man’s—13. Minor exposition buildings--Battleship, boiler house, casino, cleaning works, coid storage house, colonnade, freight sheds (three) fuel, oil tank, greenhouse,’ Hyde park police stations, life-saving station, mu- sic hall, office of ground and building, per- istyle, photographic building, pump house, Woodlawn police station—I17. The State and foreign buildings number 28, and the concessions of special buildings are; Baker's cocos, German village, Libby glass works, Moorish palace, New England clam bake, natatorium, panorama of the Burmese Alps. panorama of the volcano of Kilauea, Puck, sliding raliway, White Star line—.11 It may be well to add that there are 2,246 employes on the pay roll, their wages aver- aging $79 per month.. Enough has been done to strike visitors with astonishment even now, and there yet remains six months for active work. Of course, the finances of such a big en: terprise will be of interest to the American people. Down to Sept. 1 the total receipts rom all sources were $10,401,045, of which Chicago had paid $5,003,726 and $5,038,932 had been paid on current installments of stock subscriptions. The government's contribution was not counted on as yet, and only $68,500 had been received in sou- venir coins. Of the total $8,748,259 had been paid out, leaving a cash balance of $1,657,785. Itis pamniulto find the Zollow- ing item at the close of the report: ; “Six hundred and forty-eight accidents had oceurred up to the time of the comple- tion of the report, divided as follows as’ to the extent of injuries; Killed, 14; fataliy in-* jured, 2; seriously injured, 25; slightly in- jured, 607. Of this number only one was a visitor.” At the same data foreign governments had expended $124,900. England of course, leads with an expenditure of $11,785. The Argentine republic, Uruguy and Paraguay have together expended 819,670. Neither France nor Spain has yet expended any sum worth mentioning, but will do so, of course, before the exposition opens. Ex- clusive of work done by foreigners, the total brid on building to Sept. 1 was $4,381,- 790 There can be no doubt that in extent, beauty, artistic effect, completenéss, adapta- bility to it purposes and in all respects that appeal to the sense and the taste even of the most critical, Jackson park iu 1893 will be the most beautiful exposition spot the world has eyo ee The World’s Shipwrecks. We hear much of the many finely modeled ships that are built from time to time, but little of the many vessels that are lost. Occasionally public in- terest is excited by heroism displayed in saving a shipwrecked crew; but in many cases the loss of a ship is only indicated by a line or two in the list of casualties in the daily papers. Who, for instance, would think that last year 68 vessels, the larger proportion ships, sailed from some port or other, and ag- cording to Lloyd’s annual return, never again were heard of, and these, too, were fairly good-sized craft. Englan and her colonies contribute 28,500 out of ‘the 49,100 tons which have thus passed out of record. The total of wrecks, too, seems large—1,086 vessels of 649,946 tons—but it must be remembered that there are probably always afloat on the high seas over 20,000,000 tons of ship- ping, which fact, although it increases the surprise that so many vessels should be lost without any news, indicates generally a fairly low ratio of loss— 8. to 4 per cent, of tonnage. fd ' WHEN a man is no longer able OF DEDIGHTION. do harm, he becomes possessed of ambivion to do good. baie A * dianapoli | HUMOROU! AND, Jokes and Jokelets that Are St Have Been Recently Born—Say| Doings that Odd, Curic ‘Sprinkles of Spice. Haas He thought he'd go to Congress, but he , didn’t get a vote; : CT Although he took his check-book and wrote : and wroté and Ww i aE ~Detroit Tribune Cea THE announcement of purses for year-olds seems like a bitter partialit when so many grown folks have THE school teachers are | tan on their cheeks they put rattan on Boston Transcript. Sae—I thought you told reg ~ INGS HERE . Next ‘their pupils— Nixon was a man He—Well, he has been drif steadily ever since 1 knew hi Life. : Cn Tommy-The lion is a carn animal, ain't he, paw? Mr. Figg Yes. That is what makes him dangerous to meat. — Indiana Journal. way : Hg (anxiously)—*Did I unde gou to say Miss or Mrs.?” She!(¢ murely)—“Miss.” He (gallantly “Pray, allow me to make it M sions, bu t 8 mer fly just as vainly as anybody el: Genius cannot do everything.—Bal more American. = C0 “Now,” SAID the new reporter, ais eye followed the track of the blue pencil, “I understand what is at by an editor's line of thought Washington Star. Ll DasaAwAy—How do you like my friend Hunker? Travers—He h any backbone. ‘Why, the felloy me have $5 as soon as I asked him! New York Herald. = = SurrAcE—1sn’t Bighed ‘rath goung to bz a cynic? Rowley—O no! He has been graduated a yi and the world hasn’t recognized him yet.—New York Herald.. = RoaAp AeeNT (stopping fun Hold up yr hands! I wi money ye've got! Chief Mourne Bless me! Here's the undertaker’s ‘bill-collector already.—Lite. TrAVERs—“How longa course _gour son take at eollege?” Dobsen “That's just the glestion I ask wrote back that it: would be miles with a turn.’ *—New York Si MR. WickwirE— Here is something gou ought to read-—an: articl IF Wickwire — Does it say ‘an about her remaining single? apolis Journal. Fae Smrri—You needn't tell me dogs don’t know as much as hur beings. I took Ponto to church wi me last Sunday. Jones—Yes? —Well, sir, he slept through the whole sermon.—Life. = er Mes. KEEDICK (praising young Mr Adlet to her daughter)—He doesn’t smoke, drink, or swear. He’s a good boy and would be true to you. Miss Keedick . (shaking her head) —He’s too good to be true, mamma.~—Truth. «] SUPPOSE,” observed Harry Ho- ’ io jack after the doctor had amputated. = both arms as the result of Independ- ence Day casualties, “I suppose that I shall have to learn to shoot cannon swith my toes by the next Fourth.”— Jury. : : A SKIPPER claims to have seen the sea serpent in the sky. If the phe- nomenal monster has really been translated, many an ancient mariner will experience a discouraging loss of material for. new yarns.—New York World. Lio Mns. KeeNe—There © aro. times when I wish I were a man. Mr. Reene——For instance? Mr. Keene— ‘When I pass a milliner’s window, and think how happy I could make my wife by giving her a new bonnet.— Texas Siftings. = 0 At «] HEAR that young Slimly is dying of consumption. How does that happen when he is such a constant smoker, and tobacco kills the germs of the disease?” “Oh, Slimly doesn’t smoke tobacco. He smokes cigar- ettes.”—Buffalo Express. : “Your husband,” said the caller, sympathizingly, “was a man of ex- cellent qualities.” “Yes,” sighed the widow, “he was a good man.. Every- body says so. 1 wasn’t much ac- quainted with him myself. He be- longed to six lodges.”—Texas Sift ings. > «1 woNDER why itis,” said old ‘Tobe to his wife, “that women pre- fer drowning and men shooting in case of suicide?” “I suppose,” she replied, as she thoughtfully contem- plated his nose, “that it is because men hate water so.”—Detroit Free Press, . “DrArme!” exclaimed Mrs. Begosh, “look at that man comin’ out of the restaurant. He's pickin’ his teeth with his pocket-knife.” “Humphl” replied her husband, “he probably wasn’t raised where they have forks and so he don’t know no better.”— Washington Star. : Sex “That couple in front of us— do you think they are married?” He ~“Yes, 1 am sure they are. [They have been married a long time, t00.” She—“Why, how do you kdow?” = He —“Haven't you noticed that when a pretty girl comes on the stage she always hands the opera. glasses over right away?”—Somerville Journal. Me. JagsBY—My dear, allow me to introduce Mr. Bagsby. = Mrs. Jagsby—I am delighted to meet you, Mr. Bagsby. But do you know, Mr, Bagsby, that I have so often heard you helping. Mr. Jagsby to get the front door open when he comes home late at night, that it is almost the same as meeting an old friend.—In- Journal LE