LESSONS IH FIRE COST
Startling Dsductions Made bv
Fc k ral Experts.
FUK?Y ERECTION BLAMED,
Engineer In Charge of Geological Sur
vey's Structural Material Labora
tories Points to Need of Absolutely
Fireproof Buildings—No Other Land
Suffers So Greatly.
Federal exjterts who are making a
study of building materials that will
best withstand Are and who are there
fore taking a keen Interest iu the fire
losses as they are reported for thf
whole of the United States declar<
that, in spite of nil efforts toward bet
ter building conditions, the death anc
destruction due to fires and conflagra
tlons In 1009 will eclipse all previous
records, with the exception of th<
years In which the Baltimore and Sar
Francisco fires occurred.
They point to the fact that in six
teen days of April five big fires In dlf
ferent parts of the United States re
suited in a loss of $0,000,000, the death
of twenty persons, the injury of seven
teen anil the rendering homeless oi
more than 3.000. The greatest of those
fires was at Fort Worth. Tex., result
ing In u property loss of between
000,00() and $4,000,000. and Iho second
in importance was at Rochester, X. V.,
with a loss of half a million dollars.
"The people of the United States
have not yet learned the lessi u of the
Baltimore and San Francisco fires,"
said Richard L. Humphrey, engineer
In charge of the structural material
laboratories of the United States geo
logical survey. "Fort Worth's recent
experience, when more than 300 homes
mire devoured by the flames, is but a
repetition of what has happened in
the past and what will occur in the fu
ture until American municipalities
wake to the situation and enact legis
lation which will absolutely prevenl
the further construction of flirnsj
buildings tbat are not fireproof.
"It seems difficult to make the peo
ple believe that in 1007 fires in the
United States cost more than $1,250,-
000 for every day in the year, an
annual tax of more than $5 for every
-.naiK woman and child in the United
States. We are spending $1,000,000,000
a year on new buildings and construc
tion work, while our fires cost s.">oo,
000,000. No other nation has such an
unenviable record as this. Our fires
are costing from six to eight times as
much per capita as any country in
Europe. By the total cost of fires I re
fer not only to the actual destruction
of property. whL-h amounted to $215.-
000,000. but also to the cost of mainte
nance of fire departments and thf
nreouni of Insurance paid over and
above the i loney returned to reim
burse owner-; of burned buildings.
While we are wasting several times
as much pi i i rrty per capita as Eu
rope, we ar • o destroying in these
fires five times as many lives as are
lost in the other countries. In 190G,
according to the T'nited States census,
fi.ooo persons died of burns and per
haps 10,000 were seriously injured.
"Xo other country suffers so enor
mous conflagration losses as does the
United States, and It is this class of
lof-*--. due to the rapidity with which
fires spread. Involving whole blocks
and cities, that requires attention. In
every city and village in the United
States there is ever present the possi
bility of large loss of life and property.
"The federal government Is directly
int rested In this question, because it
is Ihe owner of buildings valued at
more than half a billion dollars, which
are not insured, and Is spending more
than $20,000,000 ench year for new
structures. This building and con
struction work Is all intended to be of
n permanent nature, it involves in
terest* of such magnitude that the
government can nfford to take no risks
concerning either the methods of con
struction or the materials to be used.
It is therefore necessary that its archi
tects and engineers have definite Infor
mation concerning the fire resisting
qualities of tlie different materials of
construction to the end that the gov
ernment buildings may be properly
safeguarded from fire within and with
out.
"Carrying out this idea, the geolog
ical survey, through its technologic
branch, some time ago completed a
series of preliminary fire tests of build
ing materials, which will soon be
printed by the government in the form
of a bulletin. The building materials
were placed in a furnace, where gas
flames were forced by a blast of air
ngainst one side of the material. After
two hours, in which the material was
heated to tlie point expected iu a con
flagration, tlie material was taken
J'rom the furnace and the water turned
on from a hose to get the conditions
which obtain after the firemen begin
their work. The conditions under
Willi- i these test.; wore made were un
usuaMy severe, and as none of the ma
teria, ; passed perfectly it proved a
good test for comparative purposes.
The tests are not in any way conclu
sive, being the first of an extended se
ries of investigations, but they point
out the weaknesses of the different ma
terials."
Convicts as Art Rivals.
There is a strong rivalry between
three prisoners in the Berks county
prison in Pennsylvania, each of whom
is an artist. They have all noticed that
the paintings in the warden's offlr:
and the rotunda need retouching, and
each wants the job-to kill time. An
art committee will pick the winner.
Novel Food For Parisians.
Paris of late Is suffering from a craze
forknovel food. Three months ago roast
camel meat was the dish. A little latet
kangaroo chops became the fashion.
■ tnd now tno restaurants of the gour
mets offer them zebu hump.
In the Dirk.
Uncle Joe—Yes, Teddy, It is quite
possible that there are people In the
moon.
Little Teddy—Well, what becomes ol
them when there isn't any moon?
QUEST OF SCIENTISTS
Experts Seeking AntiJcte For
Eite of Ratl!e:na!:j.
WOULD BE A LIl'Z SAVER
Experimenters at Rockefeller Medica
Research Institute In New York Ex
pect to Find Specific Antitoxin —Rep
tiles In Bronx Zoo Supplying Venon-
For Tests.
A series of experiments which have
for their object the discovery of ar
antitoxin remedy for rattlesnake bite
are now being conducted at the Rock
efeller Institute of Medical Researcli
In New York city. Already the testf
are well on their way to completion.
While a serum for snake bite is now
manufactured in the Pasteur institute
at I/ilie, France, it is believed by the
Rockefeller institute experimenters
that this can be materially improved
on for the specllic use in cases of rat
tlesnake bite. They began the expert
ments on the principle that a specific
serum or antitoxin would prove more
effective than a general one, for the
antitoxin made at the Pasteur insti
tute is not specific, but is designed foi
use in the case of any poisonous snake
bite—cobra, viper, asp or any other ol
t!: • '"eadly reptiles.
who have been carrying or
Ihe rvcrimMits to obtain an Infallible
ant'u'.te f>r rattlesnake bite argue
that nutiir® provides a specific remedj
for speck;:- e'iseases and that this
slior.ld nhv.n* Me nse»d if possible. Ii
IK argued tilt in the case of smallpos
the patient .• fter recovery is immune
to another i.ttack of that malignanl
disease, but is not Immune to measles
or other Kindred maladies. Thus ir
the case of smallpox nature provides
itnnnination for that specific disease.
Acting on this principle, Pr. Hideyt
Xoguchi, a Japanese scientist attached
to the Rockefeller Institute of Medica
Research, began the experiments wltl
rattlesnake venom which are expeetei
to result in a cure for the bite. Med
ical men say that more persons di<
from rattlesnake bite in the Unltee:
States than from the bite of any othei
serpent. Especially in the south and
west and southwest is this Irue. A 1
though there are many who champior
whisky as an almost sure cure foi
rattlesnake bite, many medical met
are skeptical on that point.
Observation of the effect of the Pas
tour institute serum on persons wlic
have been bitten by cobras in I lid in
led I>r. Noguchi and his fellow experi
menters to believe that by using the
venom of a rattlesnake exclusively it
the making of a serum the best re
suits could be obtainecf. It Is said thai
the serum made by the I'rt :eur insti
tute is obtained by inUirr: the veuoir
of several different kinds of poisonous
reptiles in so <l» i• ; j' - asserted
that tlie serum : i: Ins i ler range
of effectiveness :.r ! • : ? used foi
almost any venom
In obtaining cm: ; • .erum the
Pasteur institute scieijiisis use some
times n goat, but more frequently a
horse or mule. The animals are In
oculated with a small quantity" of
venom taken from a cobra, viper 01
other snake and allowed to rest foi
several days. Then another and
slightly larger dose of venom is in
jected. Again a rest, then a still lar
ger dose until the aniuial is able tc
withstand ail injection of venom
which would kill several men. II
would also kill the animal were such
a quantity Injected at the first stage
of the inoculation. But gradually the
animal under treatment becomes im
mune. When a certain stage of im
munity to snake bite is reached the
serum Is taken from tbe animal. This
is sealed in air tight tubes.
The rattlesnake venom which is be
ing used in the Rockefeller institute
experiments was extracted from the
big rattlers in the Bronx park zoo.
Several of the diamond backed rat
tiers from the southwest have been
tapped for venom during the last few
weeks. The reptile house is a prolific
source of reptile venom these days, for
there are several dozen rattlers and
other deadly poisonous snakes in cap
tivity there. The rattlers which have
given up their venom in the interests!
of science were drained by Raymond
h. Dltmars, curator of the reptile
house.
Mr. Idtmars Is taking a keen inter
est in the Rockefeller institute experi
ments. He lias kept on hand a stock
of the I'asteur institute snake bite an
titoxin for several years, although be
has never had occasion to use it. He
said the other day that should the ex
periments of I)r. Xoguchi and his co
workers produce the expected result it
will be a most valuable acquisition to
medical science.
"it is a sound principle on which
they are working," said Mr. Dltmars.
"It is a law of nature to provide Im
munation fur a repetition of certain
specific diseases. In trying to obtain
an antidote for the bite of a rattle
snake tlie Rockefeller scientists ar.>
only applying a principle of nature.
"1 i -atii rate in India has been
materially lowered by the use of the
antitoxin made by the Pasteur insti
tute, for in India the cobras are deadly
and numeii us. The natives go around
with bare legs and fall easy victims
lo the bite. But in recent years the an
titoxin is to be bad all over India, and
its use has saved thousands of lives.
"Now that most parts of the south
are going dry and whisky is getting
harder to obtain it is likely that the
rattlesnake antitoxin which the Rocke
feller Institute will doubtless soon give
to tlie world will prove a great safe
guard ngalnst loss of human life
rattlesnake bite."— New York Times.
Why He Was Mad.
Stubb What's the trouble with the
writer's husband? He looks angry
enough to chew tacks. Penn -And be
is. She dedicated her latest liook to
him, Stubb (Jracious! I, should con
sider that a compliment. Penn—Not
If you knew the title of tlie book. It
is "Wild Anlmais I Have Met."—Chi
cago News.
Rumors.
"Rumor bath a thousand tongues,"
quoted the wise guy.
es, and they are generally all go
ing at once." added the simple mug.—
Philadelphia Record
THE FUTURE
How His Strength With the
People Has Decreased—The
Defeat of His Policies
by State Leaders.
By FREDERICK R. TOOMBS.
[EDITOR'S NOTE.—Mr. Toombs Is a
member or the New York legislature and
lias supported the governor In all of bis
tights except on the Hinman-Green direct
primary bill. The fact, then, that Mr.
Toombs sees a decline In the governor's
power Is particularly significant. Gov
ernor Hughes was the most effective
speaker In the Republican party during
the last campaign, and his work In New
York state and in the west was one of
the deciding factors of the campaign.
During his tours many people becamo In
terested in him and In the problems that
lie was trying to solve.]
THE recent closing of the session
of the New York legislature
brought to nn end what was
probably the most trying ordeal
in the career of Charles E. Hughes as
governor and at I he same time brought
him nearer to a point where he must
make a choice between his political
principles and his political career. Not
every man in high political life is com
pelled to make this choice. In politics
as outside it a man's principles are of
ten a matter of convenience or of ex
pediency. Not so has ii been with
Governor Hughes. I'ace to face with
the issue, he must decide whether lie
will continue to light for (he establish
ment and perpetuation of his stale
governmental policies, and llius sacri
lice his political future, or whether ho
will compromise with or surrender to
the Republican organization of his
state, and thus guarantee to himself
the favor of that organization and a
political career of bright promise.
Governor Hughes came out of the
i : ' •
; pvr76~HT,BV a.pumcE | "
OOVEii.VOU I liAKI.I.S i:\A\S UUGHICS.
Tuft presidential Campaign or last f;l|l
with a national reputation as a cam
paign orator. Widely spoken of as tin?
greatest asset of tliv- Republican party
In the east and re-elected b,v a larger
majority than lie received two years
before, iti spite of the prejudice cer
tain of his reform measures had
aroused, he entered on his second term
of oQice with probably the greatest
measure of popularity he had ever en
joyed. The legislature convened. »inv
entor Hughes promulgated a long re
form program on the lines he has
made familiar. The defeat of this pro
grain Is well known. Today how do
we find him? We know that his party
organization Is violently opposed to
him and to his methods and measures.
But has he grown stronger with the
people? If he has not gained strength,
has ho retained his former strength?
If he has not retained it, what portion
or percentage of it has he lost? What
does he want to accomplish for him- 1
self or for his anuouuoed princi- j
pies?
What does the future hold for him
In politics?
Would Hot "Play Politics."
As a purely political exposition n
govi rnc r who lights the state organiza- I
tion of his party can gain but one of i
two things a victory or a eontpro- I
mise. The chances always are that hoi
will attain neither end. To gain either i
he must "play politics." Hughes has
not played politics—i. e., he has not
created a political machine through
his powers of appointment and veto.
Therein lies the secret of much of
what will proTe to be his weakness In
the immediate future.
He was renominated for governor
because the Republican leaders, state
and national, feared the loss of votes
that would result from turning down
a reform governor in a presidential
year in v. but might again prove to be
the pivotal Hut that contingen
cy cannot occur again, so far as
New Style In Creases.
Frenchmen, who regard King Ed
ward VII. of England as the best
dressed man la Europe, have been In
terested in noticing since his majesty '
lias been in Paris Incognito that he i
wears his trousers ira-d down the
tide instead of down the front
"Cat ' Party" In Society.
Miss Mabel I'age, a society girl of
I'.ayonne, \ ,| , gave a baby party the
other night. Ouests appeared In in
fants' costumes, some acting as nurses.
CofTeo was served from nursing bot
tles.
OF HUGHES
By Forsakir.g His Principles He
Can Satisfy His Political
Ambitions-Senate and
Presidency Possible.
ITughes is concerned. Whatever be
receives at the hands of the Republic
an party in future he must be In a po
sition to demand. He lias lost strength
among the voters. lie lias been sub
jected lo a series of Important defeats
in the last New York legislature. The
psychology of defeat is no uncertain
quantity. The public demands a win
ner. It demands a winner that keeps
on winning. Cunning tongues are ever
ready to insinuate that the man who
J Is defeated was not sincere in his cam-
I paign.
| And Hughes had no issue this year
j that gripped the public as did the race
| track issue. By forcing the anti-racing
j bills on the statute books he aroused
i enthusiasm among a large percentage
| of citizens not only in bis state, but
throughout tln> country, who saw In
him a mm who dared to fight high
| power and who could win against
' heavy odds. liis chief issue this year
! was that the present mode of naming
candidates in New York state should
! be revolutionized. lie argued that po
i litleal bo--.es controlled nominations
! for office, even though they could not
necessarily control elections. He rec
ommended a direct nominations or
primary ref.>r:n hill and had introduced
in both houses of the legislature a
measure on this subject which was
largely his handiwork. He depended
j on publie opinion and support to force
the passage of this bill (the so called
| Hinman tireen bill) through the legis
lature. He went before the citizens of
tlii' stall 1 v. i!)i the slogan, "I'own with
, tin? l)i!><!■<' ism (iu> poo)ilo refused to
liec-oino aroused. While they hail
grasped t lit* i"V ils of fbet I ing on horse
; races in a momept the year before,
they could not comprehend the full
significance of Governor Hughes' ar
guments on direct primaries without
considerable simly, IMrert primaries
proved an academic issue that re
quired more time for thought, if it
were to lie understood, than the aver
age citizen i ould afford.
Importance c. / Newspaper Attitnde.
Hut, still more important, most of the
newspapers in the populous centers
did not feature the news relating to
: the direct primary campaign. Thus the
I chief means Hughes had of reaching
j the great mass of the public lost much
j of the usefulness It once had. In fact,
, dozens of newspapers openly condemn
! Ed his direct primary bill, while others
! went further and condemned the very
j principle of direct nominations itself.
The support of the New York Times
| and the New York Sun had previously
! been of vast aid to tlie governor. Tliey
i circulate among large numbers of in
dependent voters In the city : :d
I state. Their clientele Is what should
j be termed high class. But during the
J last few months these two papers cdl-
I toriaily have turned flatly against the
| governor on his biggest issues. Conse
| quently they weakened his support
| among hundreds of Hughes voters.
I Men of prominence outside political
j fields also attacked the direct nomina
tions bill. Among these men were
j President Jacob Gould Schurman of
i Cornell university anil President Nich-
I olas Murray Butler of Columbia uni
v -:rsity. Ex-Mayor Setli I„ow of New
York city, himself a lending supporter
| of the governor's direct nominations
| bill, stated In Albany before a joint
Resslon of the senate and assembl;.
j Judiciary committees: "I do not be
lieve this bill should be enacted this
| «e«r. as It would prevent fusion In the
Proved It.
"What started the riot at the per
! formance of 'Hamlet' last night?"
"Why, Hamlet held the skull anil
said: 'Alas, poor Yorick! You are not
the only deadhead in the house.' "
The Missing Part.
Mrs. Boardem—How do you find the
chicken soup, Mr. Boarder? Mr. Board
er—l have no difficulty in finding the
soup, madam, but I am inclined to
think the chicken will prove an alibi.
Talk not of a good life, but let »Ly I
rood life talk.—Schiller.
New York city mayoralty campaign.
I'ut It Into effect next year."
Those were some of the influences
that affected public opinion regarding
the direct primary bill, and the com
bined Influences were sufficient to glvo
many a senator anil assemblyman a
reason for voting against the measure
that would bo acceptable to most of
his constituents.
Corporation Influence.
The attitude of many of the newspa
pers in opposing Hughes' measures in
New York state, particularly in New
York city, has been caused by corpo
ration influences, lie has regulated
the operations of public service and
allied corporations In a manner not to
their liking. The public service com
mission lias been a spear between the
ribs of various street railway and rail
road companies, etc. One New York
city street railway company claims
that it has had to file 2,000 reports
with the commission since the bonrd
has been in existence. The Hughes in
surance reform and banking reform
measures have antagonized these in
terests and their powerful allies, such
as (ire insurance companies, etc. He
lias further attacked telephone and
telegraph companies. All these inter
ests have influence with political par
ties, and so with the legislature.
Through the aggressive Ilughes pol
icy regarding the interests of the
classes named the governor has arous
ed antagonism that will prove too
strong for him to successfully combat,
for he lias no machine, and his
strength with the voters is decreasing
through lack of a new appeal of the
necessary impressive qualities.
A Fatal Compromise.
Probably the failure of his direct
nominations campaign was inevitable
when he decided to make his bill a
compromise. It did not provide for
simon pure direct primaries. It gave
a preference to political organizations,
unlike the Wisconsin and other plans.
Resultant was the disapproval of vari
ous civic bodies that, however, sup
ported the bill perfunctorily as at least
a step In the right direction. The Re
publican and Democratic organizations
joined In a common cause to defeat
the direct primary bill, and when this
was accomplished this bipartisan com
bination was maintained until several
Important measures affecting corpo
rate interests were either defeated or
emasculated by the devious process of
amendment.
The great trouble with the govern
or's campaign for direct primaries,
which lias vitally affected his career
was ihat he offered the compromise
himself instead of forcing his oppo
nents to do so.
Men who have voted for every re
form measure the governor ever pro
mulgated went on record against him
|on his direct primary bill; also last
year the Hughes telephone and tele
graph control bill received over thirty
votes in the assembly. This year i!
gfit but four votes when first voted on
and five the second time.
Heal Rulers of State and Country,
The business interests of tills coun
try control this country. The business
men of the various states control the
various r-tates, The business men con
trol political parties. When the gov
ernor of a state so conducts himself in
office as to antagonize powerful busi
ness Interests and to till them with
distrust of Ills policies he faces a fin
ish tight for his political existence.
The stringent nature of certain of
the Hughes reforms have caused some
of the important business interests to
attempt togo to ihe other extreme
and wipe out all state control over
their affairs. An interesting indica
tion of this tendency was revealed be
fore the judiciary committee of the
New Yorl; state senate a week before
the legislature adjourned,
Joseph 11. I'hoate, former ambassa
dor to Kngland, appeared for the Ityau
street railway Interests In opposition
to the Davis bills extending the power
of the public service commission. He
condemned the measures unmercifully.
Finally Senator George A. Davis of
Lancaster, the committee chairman, In
terrupted Mr. Choate, asking:
"Mr. Choate, is It possible that you
can find nothing good at all in these
bills?"
"Yes," quickly retorted Mr. Choate.
"I haven't been looking for anything
good In them."
The political future of Governor
Hughes will be determined during the
next year.
Ills party organization is willing to
stand by him, to renominate him If he
so desires or to promote him—for a
consideration. And that consideration
is that he modify his policies, abandon
radical reform programs and follow
the lead of his organization instead of
trying to lead the organization. In the
words of a prominent member of the
legislature spoken to the writer a few
days ago, "If Charley becomes docile
he will go higher, for even his bitter
est enemies recognize his ability."
Will Charley become docile?
The only answer will be his legisla
five program next winter, a year lead
ing to another state convention, a year
of peculiar political significance there
fore. Various if the governor's impor
tant issues of this year have been
smothered by the recent creation of
legislative investigating commissions
which are to report to the next legis
lature. These commissions are to inves
tigate direct nominations and the ques
tion as to whether the jurisdiction of
the public service commission shall be
extended over telephone and telegraph
companies, and they will also Investi
gate the matter of a new charter for
the city of Greater New York.
If these commissions make reports
adver.-,e to the governor's views, will
he resign himself to the Inevitable, or
wlil he have bills Introduced to com
bat the organization leaders and to
carry out his own recommendations''
In other words, will he start anothw
New Nose For Boy From His Ribs.
Surgical skiil has given td eight
year-old Carl Treworgy of Denver a
new nose, taken from the cartilage of
one of his ribs. About a year ago he
was run down by an automobile and
one of the vheels passed over his face,
fracturing the nasal bone nnd practi
cally destroying the organ. Dr. Ly
man. a Denver surgeon, removed a
nose shaped piece of cartilage about
two Inches long from the boy's side
and drew skin from either side of the
face over it. This was penetrated by
tubes connecting with the original nos
trils.
fight In which he cannot win owing tc
the intrenched power of Ilia opposition't
Suppose the next legislature extends
the time In which these commissions
shall report, so that an excuse for not
taking action on the questions Involved
will lie forthcoming? And there is also
the report of the governor's Wall
street Investigating committee to be
considered.
As to Senate and Presidency.
Should the governor remain content
with the attitude of the legislative
leaders next winter on those impor
tant questions and drop tiis direct pri
mary issue he need have no fear for
his political future. He will be "taken
care of"and can certainly goto the
United States senate when Depew's
term expires in 1911 unless Theodore
Boosevelt returns alive from the Afri
can jungles and desires that office.
The governor can thus also gain the
favor of Henry W. Taft, brother of
President Taft, who represents the
president In many important political
matters in New York state and whose
actual influence politically in New
York is not realized by the general
public. The presidential nomination
seven years hence, after Taft is re
nominated, can be within the reach of
the governor if he becomes "docile."
At that time lie will be in his prime,
fifty-four years old.
And let it not be overlooked that
Hughes is ambitious—politically ambi
tious. lie wants to perpetuate hi?
ideals In t!ie constitutional fabric of
his state and his country. He says and
believes that "we are a government of
laws and not < 112 men." A man of tre
mendous constructive ability, of great
mental activity and of keen percep
tive qualities, he has not subscribed tc
the politi Ml organization doctrine that
we are a government of men and not
of laws. lie may or may not be a
man without a party, "because he has
everything but the delegates." Hut the
fact remains that he can attach to him
self a strong party organization by
shaping his course to the political
winds next year.
Will Governor Hughes choose a ca
reer of political advancement at th«
expense of his political principles?
He probably answered this question
in advance when at the legislative cor
respondents' dinner at Albany in April
he said, "True, I nin a dreamer, but 1
am no quitter."
If Governor Hughes further demon
strates that be is no quitter regarding
his announced state policies, if Charley
does not become "docile," the organiza
j tion of his party will defeat him in th«
| legislature, in convention and in cau
cus. It has tlie power to do so. It
| dares to do so. "The people forget,"
■ says n noted lobbyist. The forgetful-
J ucss of the people is the safeguard ol
I the politician.
Sixty Kinds ot Bananas.
To most persons i.i the tempera' •
zones a banana is a banana. Rut th •
truth is that there are over sixl
known varieties of the fruit, with a;
great or greater variation In < liar .
j as ill the different kinds of :ipp' •*
Hawaii is said to have something over
forty distinct varieties o" the frnl
most of which have been introduced
by the whites. Some of these are i
extremely delicate and delicious ilan r.
| while other kinds are used, if at all
I only when cooked in various way-
I There is scarcely a city house |,.t >r
j country "Uuleana" or Iwmeste id wl ' 'i
does not have a clump or two of hu
uanas, which grow with practically i: -
care, new plants or suckers shootl'ii:
up to replace the ones which hav
fruited and been removed.— T.os An
geles Times.
riio Cee's Market 2i-kct
i Every l -c« carries his mat*?: i>.. '
] around his hind legs. Any one exam
Ining the body of the bee through a
microscope will observe that on the
hind legs of the creature there i; •
fringe of stiff hairs on the surface, the
hairs approaching each other at th"
tips, so as to form a sort of cage. This
is the bee's basket, and into it after
successful journey he will cram
enough pollen to last him for two or
three days.
Sleight of Hand.
Hyker I attended a successful
sleight of hand performance last uigln
I'yker—So? Hyker—Yes. 1 lent a eon
jurer a counterfeit dollar, and he gave
ine back a good one.—Exchange.
To Mark Historic Spot.
Plans are beiug made for placing in
position the tablet which was recently
received at Fort McHenry, Maryland,
and which Is to mark the spot upon
which the flagpole stood from whose
lop the national colors floated on the
night of Sept 13, 1814, inspiring Fran
cis Scott Key's "Star Spangled Itan
lier." The tablet was cast at the in
stance of the government and is of
bronze, from the design of Francis B.
Wheaton, advisory architect of the
quartermaster general's department
M: reads:
i— ——
The Nntlonnt Ensign which In
spired Francis Scott Kev to writ©
THE STAR SI'AXGLED BANNER
W.is during the Bombardment of
Fort McHenry, September 12.
hit, flyini? from a polo oc
cupying this position.
Rescuing a Camel.
The camel has been called the "ship
•jf the desert." I.ike the ship, he may
capsized, and In that predicament
he is helpless. His manner of lying
down to rest is to fold Ills legs be
neath his body. If he happens to roll
upon his side be cannot recover his
feet again. This Infirmity of the ani
mal Is mentioned by the Count de I.i
dain In the account of bis journey.
"From Pekin to Sikkim:''
"The caravan was made up of cam
els. 1 had brought some new ones
and had no idea of taking any other
animals into a country largely com
posed of louse sand. An amusing in
cident marked the beginning of our
march. One camel, awkward as they
all are. managed to tumble Into a
ditch of thick mud between the road
and a wheatfleld. When once fallen
a camel can only get up again If it
can arrange its feet conveniently un
der it and if the ground Is nearly flat.
"In this ease It was not so. The ani
mal lay with all four feet In the air.
perfectly resigned and Incapable of a
single movement to help itself. To
draw it out took more than half an
hour and required the united efforts
of many men with cords passed under
the camel's back."
t
CHILD SOUL ITS STUDY
Juvenile Psychopathic Institute
Organized In Chicago.
DELINQUENTS THE SUBJECTS.
Purpoie Is to Check Youthful Crimi
nality Due to Heredity and Environ
ment—Mental Condition of Children
Will Be Investigated, as Well as
Their Ancestry.
The study of the souls of children—
that is one of the purposes of tho
Juvenile rsychopathic Institute, organ
ized In Chicago by philanthropic citi
zens and prominent settlement work
ers. lis final objects are to obtain for
Juvenile offenders proper treatment, ac
cording to their mentality and sur
roundings, and to achieve a diminution
of Juvenile criminality liy eradicating
the contributing causes in individual
cases.
The organization lias employed com
pctent modi aj talent, and each child
brought into the Juvenile court will lie
examined pbysl ally and mentally and
; his home surroundings and even liia
ancestry Inquired Into with a view t'»
determining the cause of delinquency.
Among those prominent in the under
] taking are Miss .lane Addams, Miss
| Julia C. Lutbrop, Mrs. William F.
| Duminer, 107 Lincoln Park boulevard,
J and Allen T. Rums.
; The Instilute. founded because its
; originators believe that crime among
| children Is due largely to mental con
j ditions resulting from environment and
I heredity, was Incorporated the other
: day by Miss Addams. Mrs Hummer
| and Mr. Burns. Thr< ugb tbe efforts at
■ Mrs. Dunuuer, Miss Lathrop anil a
J number of others suiHcient funds liavo
i been procured to carry ou the research
work for at least live years.
Miss Addams said recently that she
believed much valuable information,
concerning juvenile criminology nn<l
i criminals would be obtained and that
; the results probably would lend to ini
! portant changes In the methods of han
! diing youthful offenders,
j I>r. William Ilenly, who Is a special
ist on nervous diseases, has been en- s
gaged to make the psychopathic luves,
! tlgation. He will have at least onoi
I assistant, who will make special lnves
- ligations of the social and family con
} ditions of the children under observa-
I tlon. The salaries of I»r. Healy and.
I his assistant have been guaranteed for
I five years.
The work will be in charge of at
j board of directors, composed of Miss
' Lathrop awl Mr. Burns, representing
the school of civics and
] Dr. Frank Churchill and Mrs. George
| Dean of (he Children's Hospital socte
| t.v and Vls< Addams and Mrs. Duin
-1 mer of t*:c Juvenile court committee.
| "The organization of the Psycho
pathic institute is the result of the
work of the Juvenile Court society
and Children's Hospital society," said
| Miss Adda ins. "There are many chll
, dren brought before I he juvenile court
!' vho are no doubt subnormal. The
' 'hl'dren's Hospital society has been
holillnir clinic* In the court, examining
j children f,.r physical defects. .Vow
' we propose togo -'ill further and
j study the .vuulhful criminals from
I mental and psychopathic standpoints.
' "We intend lo examine into the.
■ child's mental condition, investigate,
his euvlrc nmeut and the record of hi*
' family, thu* seeking the causes which
1 brought about his criminal actions.
There is uo doubt that a great deal of
youthful criminality is caused by
nervous diseases, suhnormnlity and
mental aberration, brought about
I through heredity or home euviron
ment.
"Through our research work, which
will extend over a period of at least
five years, we hope to get at the root
of the exact causes that make chil
dren go wrong. Sufficient funds to
carry on this work thoroughly already
have been obtained
"Our method of operation? When
a youthful criminal is brought before
the juvenile court he will be examined#
by l>r. Healy. The doctor's assistant
[ will follow up this examination by
finding out under what conditions thl»
child lives and learn if possible the
complete mental and physical history
of his ancestors.
"We then will be in a position hx
know exactly the status of the child's
case and how to deal with it. In
many cases medical science no doubt
will bo able to correct or overcome #t
least part of the mental weakness or
subnormality which has led the child
into criminal paths. The research
work also may result In some Impor
tant changes in the methods of denl
ing with juvenile offenders." Chtragi*
Record-Herald.
Savage.
Caller-Sir. I am collecting for the
poets hospital. Will you contribute
anything? Kditor—With pleasure. Cal'
tonight with the ambulance, and 1 will
have some poets ready.—Judge.
SB EI !
-A
TIN SHOP
Tor all klnci of Tin Roofing*
Spoutlnc ind C«neral
Joh Work.
Stovwe, Moatcs. >
Fumacafi, «eto.
PRICES TOE LOU EST!
PUTY THE BEST!
JOHN HlXSOtf
SO. U# £. FRONT XI.